Anti-friction structure and water turbine

Abstract

The application relates to an anti-wear structure and a water turbine, and the anti-wear structure comprises a water turbine top cover, a control ring with a first surface and a second surface arranged adjacently and at an angle, and the first surface and the second surface are arranged oppositely with different surfaces of the water turbine top cover respectively, a first anti-wear mechanism arranged on the first surface and located between the control ring and the water turbine top cover, and a second anti-wear mechanism arranged on the second surface and located between the control ring and the water turbine top cover. By arranging the first anti-wear mechanism and the second anti-wear mechanism on the control ring, a groove or a hole for mounting the first anti-wear mechanism is avoided on the water turbine top cover, the structural strength of the water turbine top cover is guaranteed, and the service life of the water turbine top cover is prolonged. In addition, the control ring is more convenient to replace, and the weight of the control ring is smaller than that of the water turbine top cover, so that the labor cost during replacement of the control ring and the manufacturing cost of the new control ring are both lower, and therefore, the maintenance cost of the water turbine is also reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of water turbine technology, and more particularly to an anti-wear structure and a water turbine. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, the control ring of a water pump turbine is a crucial component for controlling the movement of the guide vanes. During guide vane operation, the control ring slides on the turbine top cover, experiencing significant friction. To prevent the control ring from jamming during operation, a common solution is to fix an anti-wear plate to the turbine top cover with screws and then weld stainless steel between the control ring and the anti-wear plate. However, this welding process is time-consuming, increasing maintenance costs. Furthermore, the quality of the weld is difficult to guarantee, shortening the turbine's lifespan. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides an anti-wear structure and a water turbine to ensure the structural strength of the water turbine top cover and reduce the maintenance cost of the water turbine, thereby at least partially solving the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, a wear-resistant structure is provided, comprising: turbine top cover; The control ring has a first surface and a second surface that are adjacent to each other and arranged at an angle, and the first surface and the second surface are respectively arranged opposite to different surfaces of the turbine top cover; The first anti-wear mechanism is disposed on the first surface and located between the control ring and the turbine top cover; The second anti-wear mechanism is disposed on the second surface and located between the control ring and the turbine top cover.

[0005] In some embodiments, the first anti-wear mechanism includes: The first wear-resistant plate is attached to the first surface; A first fastening mechanism is used to fasten the first abrasion plate to the first surface.

[0006] In some embodiments, a first connecting hole is provided on the first surface, and a second connecting hole is provided on the first wear-resistant plate. The second connecting hole is aligned with the first connecting hole, and a first fastening mechanism is provided in the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole to fix the first wear-resistant plate to the first surface.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first fastening mechanism includes: The bushing is at least located in the second connecting hole and is connected to the first wear-resistant plate; The first connector has a first connecting end, which passes through the bushing and engages with the first connecting hole to fix the first wear-resistant plate to the first surface.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first anti-wear mechanism further includes a second fastening mechanism for fastening the first anti-wear plate to the first surface.

[0009] In some embodiments, a third connecting hole is also provided on the first surface, and a fourth connecting hole is also provided on the first wear-resistant plate. The fourth connecting hole and the third connecting hole are aligned. A second fastening mechanism is provided in the fourth connecting hole and the third connecting hole and fixes the first wear-resistant plate to the first surface.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second fastening mechanism includes a second connector disposed in the fourth and third connecting holes and configured to fix the first wear plate to the first surface; The second connector has a second connecting end, which is connected to the third connecting hole.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second anti-wear mechanism has the same structure as the first anti-wear mechanism.

[0012] In some embodiments, the turbine top cover includes a body and a separation seat protruding from the body. The separation seat has a third surface and a fourth surface, the third surface and the first surface being disposed opposite each other, and the fourth surface and the second surface being disposed opposite each other.

[0013] According to a second aspect of this application, a water turbine is provided, including the wear-resistant structure described above.

[0014] In the anti-wear structure of this application embodiment, by setting a first anti-wear mechanism and a second anti-wear mechanism between the turbine top cover and the control ring, friction between the turbine top cover and the control ring is avoided, thereby improving the service life of the turbine top cover and the control ring. Furthermore, both the first and second anti-wear mechanisms are located on the control ring, avoiding the need for slots or holes in the turbine top cover to install the first anti-wear mechanism. This helps ensure the structural strength of the turbine top cover, thus improving its service life. In addition, compared to the turbine top cover, the control ring is easier to replace, and its weight is less than that of the turbine top cover. This results in lower labor costs for replacing the control ring and lower manufacturing costs for new control rings, thus reducing turbine maintenance costs.

[0015] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-wear structure from a first perspective provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the provided anti-wear structure, wherein both the first anti-wear mechanism and the second anti-wear mechanism are shown; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a portion of the provided anti-wear structure is provided, in which both the first anti-wear mechanism and the second anti-wear mechanism are shown; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A sectional view of part of the structure at point AA; Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first wear-resistant plate of the first wear-resistant mechanism is provided. Figure 6 yes Figure 5 An enlarged schematic diagram of the second connecting hole; Figure 7 yes Figure 3 A sectional view of part of the structure at point BB.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Wear-resistant structure; 10. Turbine top cover; 11. Main body; 12. Separator seat; 20. Control loop; 21. First surface; 22. Second surface; 30. First anti-wear mechanism; 31. First anti-wear plate; 311. Second connecting hole; 311a. First hole section; 311b. Second hole section; 312. Fourth connecting hole; 32. First fastening mechanism; 321. Bushing; 321a. Shaft portion; 321b. Flange portion; 322. First connecting piece; 33. Second fastening mechanism; 331. Second connecting piece; 40. Second anti-wear mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0021] According to a first aspect of this application, an anti-wear structure 100 is provided; please refer to... Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-wear structure from a first-view perspective provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the provided anti-wear structure is shown, in which both the first and second anti-wear mechanisms are illustrated. Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The provided anti-wear structure includes a schematic diagram of some components, showing both the first and second anti-wear mechanisms. The anti-wear structure 100 provided in this application includes: a turbine top cover 10; a control ring 20 having adjacent and angled first surfaces 21 and 22, the first and second surfaces 21 and 22 respectively positioned opposite to different surfaces of the turbine top cover 10; a first anti-wear mechanism 30 disposed on the first surface 21 and located between the control ring 20 and the turbine top cover 10; and a second anti-wear mechanism 40 disposed on the second surface 22 and located between the control ring 20 and the turbine top cover 10.

[0022] The control ring 20 of the turbine is mounted on the turbine top cover 10, and its axial movement is restricted by a pressure plate. In actual use, the control ring 20 may rub against the turbine top cover 10 during rotation. Prolonged friction will affect the structural strength of both the control ring 20 and the turbine top cover 10, necessitating regular turbine maintenance. In this embodiment, a first anti-wear mechanism 30 and a second anti-wear mechanism 40 are provided between the turbine top cover 10 and the control ring 20 to prevent friction and thus improve their service life. Furthermore, both the first anti-wear mechanism 30 and the second anti-wear mechanism 40 are mounted on the control ring 20, avoiding the need for slots or holes on the turbine top cover 10 for mounting the first anti-wear mechanism 30. This helps ensure the structural strength of the turbine top cover 10, thereby improving its service life. Furthermore, compared to the turbine top cover 10, the control ring 20 is easier to replace, and the weight of the control ring 20 is also less than that of the turbine top cover 10. This results in lower labor costs for replacing the control ring 20 and lower manufacturing costs for the new control ring. Therefore, the anti-wear structure 100 provided in this application, which sets both the first anti-wear mechanism 30 and the second anti-wear mechanism 40 on the control ring 20, can also reduce turbine maintenance costs.

[0023] Furthermore, in related technologies, when replacing the wear-resistant plate, since the wear-resistant plate is located between the control ring 20 and the turbine top cover 10, it is usually necessary to first remove the control ring 20 and then replace the wear-resistant plate on the top cover. However, due to the large weight of the top cover, adjusting the top cover when replacing wear-resistant plates at different angles is quite difficult. For example, in a horizontal turbine, disassembly is quite difficult when replacing wear-resistant plates that are far from the horizontal plane. In contrast, the wear-resistant plate of this application is located on the control ring 20. Since the weight of the control ring 20 is much less than that of the top cover, replacing the wear-resistant plate located on the control ring 20 is much easier. Therefore, the wear-resistant structure 100 provided by this application is more convenient to maintain.

[0024] Please see Figures 1 to 4 , Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of part of the structure at point AA. In some embodiments of this application, the first anti-wear mechanism 30 includes: a first anti-wear plate 31, attached to the first surface 21; and a first fastening mechanism 32 for fastening the first anti-wear plate 31 to the first surface 21.

[0025] In this embodiment, the first wear-resistant plate 31 is fastened to the first surface 21 of the control ring 20 by the first fastening mechanism 32. Compared with the commonly used welding connection, the method of fastening the first wear-resistant plate 31 to the first surface 21 by the first fastening mechanism 32 is more convenient during installation and disassembly, reducing the manual labor required for installation and disassembly, thereby reducing maintenance costs. In addition, in related technologies, when welding connections are used, plug welding and overlay welding are commonly used, and the quality of the welds at various points is difficult to guarantee, resulting in low consistency of the connection strength of the first wear-resistant plate 31 at various points, ultimately leading to low reliability of the turbine. However, the first fastening mechanism 32 used in this application has high consistency, resulting in high consistency at each connection point between the first wear-resistant plate 31 and the control ring 20, which helps to improve the reliability of the turbine.

[0026] In some embodiments of this application, a self-lubricating wear-resistant layer is provided on the surface of the first wear-resistant plate 31. In this way, the frictional loss between the first wear-resistant plate 31 and the turbine top cover 10 can be reduced by the self-lubricating wear-resistant layer, thereby enhancing wear resistance.

[0027] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments of this application, the wear-resistant structure 100 has a plurality of first fastening mechanisms 32, which are spaced apart along the length of the first wear-resistant plate 31. This allows the first wear-resistant plate 31 to fit against the first surface 21 at multiple points, improving the connection strength between the first wear-resistant plate 31 and the first surface 21, thereby improving the reliability of the turbine.

[0028] Please continue reading. Figure 3In some embodiments of this application, the wear-resistant structure 100 has a plurality of first fastening mechanisms 32, which are equally spaced. This ensures that the force on the first wear-resistant plate 31 is substantially the same along its length, thereby guaranteeing that the wear degree on the first wear-resistant plate 31 is substantially uniform. This avoids the shortening of the lifespan of the first wear-resistant plate 31 due to uneven force distribution, and helps improve the durability of the wear-resistant structure 100 provided in this application.

[0029] Please continue reading. Figure 3 In some embodiments of this application, the first anti-wear mechanism 30 has a plurality of first fastening mechanisms 32, and the midpoints of the plurality of first fastening mechanisms 32 are located on the same circumference along the length of the first anti-wear plate 31. That is, the distances from the midpoints of the plurality of first fastening mechanisms 32 to the opposite two sides of the first anti-wear plate 31 are the same. For example, the distance from the midpoints of the plurality of first fastening mechanisms 32 to the first side of the first anti-wear plate 31 is 'a', and the distance to the second side opposite to the first side is 'b'. The first side and the second side are the sides of the first anti-wear plate 31 along the length direction. By adopting this scheme, the distances between the center of each first fastening mechanism 32 and the first and second sides are the same, so that the stress conditions are basically the same, thereby ensuring that the wear degree is basically consistent and helping to avoid the situation where the life of the first anti-wear plate 31 is shortened due to uneven stress at various parts of the first anti-wear plate 31.

[0030] Please continue reading. Figure 3 In some embodiments of this application, the distance from the midpoint of the plurality of first fastening mechanisms 32 to the first side is the same as the distance to the second side. This helps to further even out the force applied to the first wear-resistant plate 31.

[0031] Please see Figures 1 to 5 , Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first wear-resistant plate of the first wear-resistant mechanism is provided. In some embodiments of this application, a first connecting hole is provided on the first surface 21, and a second connecting hole 311 is provided on the first wear-resistant plate 31. The second connecting hole 311 is aligned with the first connecting hole, and a first fastening mechanism 32 is disposed in the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole 311, and fixes the first wear-resistant plate 31 to the first surface 21.

[0032] In this embodiment, a first connecting hole and a second connecting hole 311 are respectively formed on the first surface 21 and the first wear-resistant plate 31. The first fastening mechanism 32 is disposed in the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole 311 to fix the first wear-resistant plate 31 and the control ring 20. Compared with other fastening connection methods, such as snap-fit ​​connection, riveting and key pin connection, the connection method of this application is flexible in installation and removal, and facilitates the replacement of the first wear-resistant plate 31. At the same time, the connection strength is high, which helps to improve the reliability of the wear-resistant structure 100 provided by this application.

[0033] Please see Figure 4 In some embodiments of this application, the first fastening mechanism 32 is recessed within the second connecting hole 311.

[0034] This approach avoids damage to the first fastening mechanism 32 and the turbine top cover 10 due to friction, thus improving the reliability of the wear-resistant structure 100 provided in this application.

[0035] In some embodiments of this application, the first connecting hole is a threaded hole, and the first fastening mechanism 32 is threadedly connected to the first connecting hole.

[0036] Please continue reading. Figure 4 In some embodiments of this application, the first fastening mechanism 32 includes: a bushing 321, which is at least disposed in the second connecting hole 311 and connected to the first wear-resistant plate 31; and a first connecting member 322, which has a first connecting end, which passes through the bushing 321 and engages with the first connecting hole to fix the first wear-resistant plate 31 to the first surface 21.

[0037] In this embodiment of the application, by providing the bushing 321 at least inside the second connection hole 311, the bushing 321 can be used to increase the contact area between the first connector 322 and the first wear-resistant plate 31, thereby increasing the connection strength between the first connector 322 and the first wear-resistant plate 31.

[0038] In some embodiments of this application, the bushing 321 is disposed within the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole 311.

[0039] In this embodiment, by providing a bushing 321 in the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole 311 and connecting the bushing 321 to the first wear-resistant plate 31, and then using the first connecting member 322 to pass through the bushing 321 and connect to the first connecting hole, the bushing 321 can bear the shear force and friction force when the control ring 20 moves relative to the turbine top cover 10. Compared with only using the first connecting member 322 to fix the first wear-resistant plate 31, the first fastening mechanism 32 provided in this application can improve the connection strength between the first wear-resistant plate 31 and the control ring 20, thereby providing the reliability of the wear-resistant structure 100 provided in this application.

[0040] In some embodiments of this application, bushing 321 is a steel sleeve.

[0041] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6 yes Figure 5 An enlarged schematic diagram of the second connecting hole. In some embodiments of this application, the second connecting hole 311 has a first hole segment 311a and a second hole segment 311b arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the first connecting hole. The diameter of the first hole segment 311a is larger than the diameter of the second hole segment 311b. The bushing 321 has a shaft portion 321a and a flange portion 321b disposed at one end of the shaft portion 321a and extending radially outward along the shaft portion 321a. The shaft portion 321a is disposed within the first hole segment 311a, and the flange portion 321b is disposed within the second hole segment 311b.

[0042] This design allows the flange portion 321b of the bushing 321 to be connected to the step formed by the diameter difference between the first hole section 311a and the second hole section 311b, thus connecting the bushing 321 to the first wear-resistant plate 31. The shaft portion 321a of the bushing 321 is located at least within the first hole section 311a, ensuring that the bushing 321 is at least connected to the first wear-resistant plate 31. This allows the bushing 321 to withstand the shear force and friction force when the control ring 20 moves relative to the turbine top cover 10, thereby improving the connection strength between the first wear-resistant plate 31 and the control ring 20 and enhancing the reliability of the wear-resistant structure 100 provided in this application.

[0043] In some embodiments of this application, the diameter of the second hole segment 311b is greater than or equal to the diameter of the first connecting hole.

[0044] Please see Figures 1 to 7 , Figure 7 yes Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure at point BB. In some embodiments of this application, the first anti-wear mechanism 30 further includes a second fastening mechanism 33 for fastening the first anti-wear plate 31 to the first surface 21.

[0045] In some embodiments of this application, a third connecting hole is further provided on the first surface 21, and a fourth connecting hole 312 is further provided on the first wear-resistant plate 31. The fourth connecting hole 312 is aligned with the third connecting hole. A second fastening mechanism 33 is disposed in the fourth connecting hole 312 and the third connecting hole, and fixes the first wear-resistant plate 31 to the first surface 21. The technical effects are similar or the same as those of the embodiments described above, in which the first surface 21 has a first connecting hole, the first wear-resistant plate 31 has a second connecting hole 311, and the first fastening mechanism 32 is disposed in the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole 311. Therefore, this application will not repeat the details here.

[0046] Please see Figure 7In some embodiments of this application, the second fastening mechanism 33 includes a second connector 331, which is disposed in the fourth connecting hole 312 and the third connecting hole and is configured to fix the first wear-resistant plate 31 to the first surface 21; the second connector 331 has a second connecting end, which is connected to the third connecting hole.

[0047] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments of this application, the first anti-wear mechanism 30 has a plurality of first fastening mechanisms 32 and a plurality of second fastening mechanisms 33, and the first fastening mechanisms 32 and the second fastening mechanisms 33 are spaced apart in the length direction of the first anti-wear plate 31.

[0048] In this embodiment, the bushing 321 of the first fastening mechanism 32 bears the shear force and friction force when the control ring 20 moves relative to the turbine top cover 10, thereby improving the connection strength between the first wear-resistant plate 31 and the control ring 20. Furthermore, since only part of the fastening mechanism is the first fastening mechanism 32 (i.e., including the bushing 321), and the other part is the second fastening mechanism 33, cost can also be reduced.

[0049] In some embodiments of this application, the first anti-wear mechanism 30 has a plurality of first fastening mechanisms 32 and a plurality of second fastening mechanisms 33, which are equally spaced along the length of the first anti-wear plate 31. The technical effect is similar to or the same as that described above where a plurality of first fastening mechanisms 32 are equally spaced along the length of the first anti-wear plate 31, and will not be repeated here.

[0050] It should be noted that the equal interval setting in the embodiments of this application means that the distance between any first fastening mechanism 32 and the two adjacent second fastening mechanisms 33 is the same.

[0051] Please continue reading. Figure 3 In some embodiments of this application, the first anti-wear mechanism 30 has a plurality of first fastening mechanisms 32 and a plurality of second fastening mechanisms 33. Along the length of the first anti-wear plate 31, the midpoints of the plurality of first fastening mechanisms 32 and the plurality of second fastening mechanisms 33 are all located on the same circumference. The technical effects are similar to or the same as those of the embodiments described above where the midpoints of the plurality of first fastening mechanisms 32 are located on the same circumference, and will not be repeated here.

[0052] Please see Figure 7 In some embodiments of this application, the second fastening mechanism 33 is recessed within the fourth connecting hole 312.

[0053] This approach avoids damage to the second fastening mechanism 33 and the turbine top cover 10 due to friction, thus improving the reliability of the anti-wear structure 100 provided in this application.

[0054] In some embodiments of this application, the second anti-wear mechanism 40 has the same structure as the first anti-wear mechanism 30.

[0055] Please see Figure 4 In some embodiments of this application, the first fastening mechanism 32 of the first anti-wear mechanism 30 and the first fastening mechanism 32 of the second anti-wear mechanism 40 are aligned.

[0056] In some embodiments of this application, the first fastening mechanism 32 of the first anti-wear mechanism 30 and the first fastening mechanism 32 of the second anti-wear mechanism 40 are misaligned.

[0057] Please see Figure 7 In some embodiments of this application, the second fastening mechanism 33 of the first anti-wear mechanism 30 and the second fastening mechanism 33 of the second anti-wear mechanism 40 are aligned.

[0058] In some embodiments of this application, the second fastening mechanism 33 of the first anti-wear mechanism 30 and the second fastening mechanism 33 of the second anti-wear mechanism 40 are misaligned.

[0059] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments of this application, the turbine top cover includes a body 11 and a separation seat 12 protruding from the body 11. The separation seat 12 has a third surface (not shown in the figure) and a fourth surface (not shown in the figure). The third surface and the first surface 21 are disposed opposite to each other, and the fourth surface and the second surface 22 are disposed opposite to each other.

[0060] This design ensures that the first anti-wear mechanism 30 and the second anti-wear mechanism 40 can only rub against the separating seat 12, preventing them from rubbing against the body 11. Furthermore, compared to welding between the body 11 and the first and second anti-wear mechanisms 30 and 40, which results in friction between the welded structure and the first and second anti-wear mechanisms 30 and 40, the design of protruding the separating seat 12 from the body 11 not only prevents friction between the first and second anti-wear mechanisms 30 and 40 and the body 11, but also reduces the welding time. Moreover, the separating seat 12 is a single unit, and its structural strength and quality are superior to those obtained through welding. Therefore, it also helps improve the reliability of the anti-wear structure 100 provided by this application.

[0061] According to a second aspect of this application, a water turbine is provided, including the anti-wear structure 100 as described above. This water turbine possesses all the beneficial effects of the aforementioned anti-wear structure 100, which will not be elaborated further herein.

[0062] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0063] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0064] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0065] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant structure, characterized in that, include: turbine top cover; The control ring has a first surface and a second surface that are adjacent to each other and arranged at an angle, and the first surface and the second surface are respectively arranged opposite to different surfaces of the turbine top cover; A first anti-wear mechanism is disposed on the first surface and located between the control ring and the turbine top cover; The second anti-wear mechanism is disposed on the second surface and located between the control ring and the turbine top cover.

2. The wear-resistant structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first anti-wear mechanism includes: A first wear-resistant plate is attached to the first surface; A first fastening mechanism is used to fasten the first abrasion plate to the first surface.

3. The wear-resistant structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first surface has a first connecting hole, and the first wear-resistant plate has a second connecting hole. The second connecting hole is aligned with the first connecting hole. The first fastening mechanism is disposed in the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole, and fixes the first wear-resistant plate to the first surface.

4. The wear-resistant structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first fastening mechanism includes: A bushing is provided at least in the second connecting hole and is connected to the first wear-resistant plate; The first connector has a first connecting end, which passes through the bushing and engages with the first connecting hole to fix the first wear-resistant plate to the first surface.

5. The wear-resistant structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first anti-wear mechanism further includes a second fastening mechanism for fastening the first anti-wear plate to the first surface.

6. The wear-resistant structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, A third connecting hole is also provided on the first surface, and a fourth connecting hole is also provided on the first wear-resistant plate. The fourth connecting hole is aligned with the third connecting hole. The second fastening mechanism is provided in the fourth connecting hole and the third connecting hole, and fixes the first wear-resistant plate to the first surface.

7. The wear-resistant structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second fastening mechanism includes a second connector disposed in the fourth connecting hole and the third connecting hole, and is configured to fix the first wear-resistant plate to the first surface; The second connector has a second connecting end, which is connected to the third connecting hole.

8. The wear-resistant structure according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that, The second anti-wear mechanism has the same structure as the first anti-wear mechanism.

9. The wear-resistant structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turbine top cover includes a body and a separation seat protruding from the body. The separation seat has a third surface and a fourth surface. The third surface and the first surface are disposed opposite to each other, and the fourth surface and the second surface are disposed opposite to each other.

10. A water turbine, characterized in that, Includes the wear-resistant structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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