Hydraulic damping system and engineering machine

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, disclose hydraulic buffer system and engineering machinery. Hydraulic buffer system includes main valve, lift cylinder, turn bucket cylinder and steering cylinder, the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of lift cylinder, the rodless chamber of turn bucket cylinder and the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of steering cylinder all are provided with buffer valve. Through setting up buffer valve in the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of lift cylinder, the rodless chamber of turn bucket cylinder and the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of steering cylinder these five key positions, first can guarantee each action to be stable end, does not have abrupt impact and vibration, guarantees the coherence, stable and accurate of action, second provides a more gentle working environment for whole hydraulic system, improves the reliability and life of system comprehensively, finally all actions can keep consistent stable, greatly improves the operation comfort, reduces the operation fatigue, makes the operation result more accurate, controllable simultaneously, improves the overall operation quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of engineering machinery technology, and in particular to a hydraulic buffer system and engineering machinery. Background Technology

[0002] Underground loaders operate in confined spaces with uneven surfaces, subject to large load variations, and involve frequent actions such as bucket retraction, lifting, unloading, bucket lowering, and steering. When the lifting cylinder (both large and small chambers), bucket turning cylinder (especially the large chamber), and steering cylinder (both large and small chambers) reach the end of their strokes, the pistons strike the cylinder bottom or cylinder head at high speed, generating tremendous mechanical and hydraulic shocks. These shocks cause premature fatigue damage, deformation, and even cracking of cylinder seals, piston rods, cylinder barrels, pins, bearings, and related structural components (such as the boom and frame hinge points). The shocks also trigger severe vibrations and high-decibel noise throughout the machine. This vibration is transmitted to the cab, severely impacting the operator's comfort and health, and accelerating fatigue. Furthermore, the instantaneous high-pressure shocks can damage pipelines, joints, and valves, leading to cavitation.

[0003] In some related technologies, mechanical buffer pads or limit blocks are used as buffer structures, but the buffering effect is limited, and the buffer pads or limit blocks are prone to wear and cannot absorb hydraulic shocks. In some related technologies, buffer structures are built into some cylinders, but these are usually complex in structure, expensive, and mostly fixed and non-adjustable, making it difficult to adapt to the buffering needs of the loader under different working conditions (no load / full load, different speeds). Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a hydraulic buffer system and engineering machinery that ensures the continuity, stability and precision of the operation; comprehensively improves the reliability and lifespan of the system; enhances operating comfort, reduces operator fatigue, and makes the work results more accurate and controllable, thereby improving the overall work quality.

[0005] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] The hydraulic buffer system includes:

[0007] The system includes a main valve, a lifting cylinder, a bucket-turning cylinder, and a steering cylinder. The first and second working ports of the main valve are respectively connected to the rodless and rod chambers of the lifting cylinder. The third and fourth working ports of the main valve are respectively connected to the rodless and rod chambers of the bucket-turning cylinder. The fifth and sixth working ports of the main valve are respectively connected to the rodless and rod chambers of the steering cylinder. Each of the rodless and rod chambers of the lifting cylinder, the bucket-turning cylinder, and the steering cylinder is equipped with a buffer valve.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution for the hydraulic buffer system, the buffer valves in the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the lifting cylinder are respectively integrated on both sides of the piston of the lifting cylinder.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution for the hydraulic buffer system, the buffer valve in the rodless chamber of the lifting cylinder is integrated into the bottom of the lifting cylinder, and the buffer valve in the rod chamber of the lifting cylinder is integrated into the cylinder cover of the lifting cylinder.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution for the hydraulic buffer system, the buffer valve in the rodless chamber of the bucket cylinder is integrated into the piston side of the bucket cylinder facing the rodless chamber.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution for the hydraulic buffer system, the buffer valve in the rodless chamber of the bucket cylinder is integrated into the bottom of the bucket cylinder.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution for the hydraulic buffer system, the buffer valves in the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the steering cylinder are respectively integrated on both sides of the piston of the steering cylinder.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution for the hydraulic buffer system, the buffer valve in the rodless chamber of the steering cylinder is integrated into the bottom of the steering cylinder, and the buffer valve in the rod chamber of the steering cylinder is integrated into the cylinder cover of the steering cylinder.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution for a hydraulic buffer system, the buffer valve is an intermittent throttling type buffer valve.

[0015] Construction machinery, including the hydraulic buffer system described in any of the above embodiments.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution for construction machinery, the construction machinery is a loader.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] This utility model provides a hydraulic buffer system, including a main valve, a lifting cylinder, a bucket-turning cylinder, and a steering cylinder. Buffer valves are installed in the rodless and rod-side chambers of the lifting cylinder, the bucket-turning cylinder, and the steering cylinder. By simultaneously installing buffer valves in these five key locations—the rodless and rod-side chambers of the lifting cylinder, the bucket-turning cylinder, and the steering cylinder—firstly, it ensures that each action completes smoothly without abrupt impacts or vibrations, guaranteeing the continuity, stability, and precision of the actions; secondly, it provides a gentler working environment for the entire hydraulic system, comprehensively improving the system's reliability and lifespan; and finally, all actions maintain consistent smoothness, greatly improving operational comfort, reducing operator fatigue, and simultaneously making the work results more precise and controllable, thus improving the overall work quality. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic buffer system provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0020] In the picture:

[0021] 10. Main valve; 20. Lifting cylinder; 30. Bucket tilting cylinder; 40. Steering cylinder; 50. Buffer valve. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, not the entire structure.

[0023] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0025] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0026] like Figure 1As shown, this utility model embodiment provides a hydraulic buffer system, including a main valve 10, a lifting cylinder 20, a bucket-turning cylinder 30, and a steering cylinder 40. The first and second working ports of the main valve 10 are respectively connected to the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the lifting cylinder 20. The third and fourth working ports of the main valve 10 are respectively connected to the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the bucket-turning cylinder 30. The fifth and sixth working ports of the main valve 10 are respectively connected to the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the steering cylinder 40. Buffer valves 50 are provided in the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the lifting cylinder 20, the rodless chamber of the bucket-turning cylinder 30, and the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the steering cylinder 40.

[0027] When the oil enters the rodless chamber of the lifting cylinder 20 through the first working port of the main valve 10, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 20 extends, and the lifting cylinder 20 controls the bucket to rise. At this time, the oil in the rod chamber of the lifting cylinder 20 returns through the second working port of the main valve 10. When the oil enters the rod chamber of the lifting cylinder 20 through the second working port of the main valve 10, the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 20 retracts, and the lifting cylinder 20 controls the bucket to fall. At this time, the oil in the rodless chamber of the lifting cylinder 20 returns through the first working port. When the oil enters the rodless chamber of the bucket cylinder 30 through the third working port of the main valve 10, the piston rod of the bucket cylinder 30 extends, and the bucket cylinder 30 controls the bucket to retract (or unload). At this time, the oil in the rod chamber of the bucket cylinder 30 returns through the fourth working port of the main valve 10. When the oil enters the rod chamber of the bucket cylinder 30 through the fourth working port of the main valve 10, the piston rod of the bucket cylinder 30 retracts, and the bucket cylinder 30 controls the bucket to unload (or retract). At this time, the oil in the rodless chamber of the bucket cylinder 30 returns through the third working port. When hydraulic fluid enters the rodless chamber of steering cylinder 40 through the fifth working port of main valve 10, the piston rod of steering cylinder 40 extends, and steering cylinder 40 controls the vehicle to turn left (or right). At this time, the hydraulic fluid in the rod chamber of steering cylinder 40 returns through the sixth working port of main valve 10. When hydraulic fluid enters the rod chamber of steering cylinder 40 through the sixth working port of main valve 10, the piston rod of steering cylinder 40 retracts, and steering cylinder 40 controls the vehicle to turn right (or left). At this time, the hydraulic fluid in the rodless chamber of steering cylinder 40 returns through the fifth working port. The structure of main valve 10 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0028] Understandably, when the piston reaches the end of its stroke, it will mechanically collide with the cylinder bottom or cylinder head. At the same time, the oil in one chamber of the cylinder will be rapidly cut off, and the flow will suddenly stop, generating a huge pressure peak. The buffer valve 50 slows down the oil flow rate by throttling when the piston approaches the end of its stroke, thereby allowing the piston's movement speed to smoothly drop to zero, thus eliminating the end-stroke impact.

[0029] By simultaneously installing buffer valves 50 at five key locations—the rodless and rod-side chambers of the lifting cylinder 20, the rodless chamber of the bucket cylinder 30, and the rodless and rod-side chambers of the steering cylinder 40—firstly, it ensures that each action completes smoothly without abrupt impacts or vibrations, guaranteeing the continuity, stability, and precision of the actions; secondly, it provides a gentler working environment for the entire hydraulic system, comprehensively improving the system's reliability and lifespan; and finally, it ensures that all actions remain consistently smooth, greatly improving operational comfort, reducing operator fatigue, and simultaneously making the work results more precise and controllable, thus improving the overall work quality.

[0030] It should be noted that the impact is particularly violent when the bucket tilts to the top, so the rodless chamber of the bucket cylinder 30 must be equipped with a buffer valve 50. As for the rod chamber of the bucket cylinder 30, the buffer valve 50 may or may not be installed, depending on the specific needs.

[0031] In this embodiment, the buffer valves 50 in the rodless and rod chambers of the lifting cylinder 20 are integrated on both sides of the piston of the lifting cylinder 20. When the piston moves to the end of its stroke, the buffer valves 50 on the piston will insert into the corresponding holes in the cylinder head or cylinder bottom, forming a throttling effect. This design makes the lifting cylinder 20 compact, without increasing its overall length, and the cylinder bottom and cylinder head only require machining a simple mating hole, resulting in a simple structure and low sealing requirements. In other embodiments, the buffer valves 50 in the rodless chamber of the lifting cylinder 20 can also be integrated into the cylinder bottom, and the buffer valves 50 in the rod chamber of the lifting cylinder 20 can also be integrated into the cylinder head.

[0032] In this embodiment, the buffer valve 50 in the rodless chamber of the bucket cylinder 30 is integrated into the piston side of the bucket cylinder 30 facing the rodless chamber. When the piston reaches the end of its stroke, the buffer valve 50 on the piston inserts into the corresponding hole in the cylinder head or cylinder bottom, forming a throttling effect. This design makes the bucket cylinder 30 compact, without increasing its overall length, and requires only a simple mating hole for the cylinder bottom and cylinder head, resulting in a simple structure and low sealing requirements. In other embodiments, the buffer valve 50 in the rodless chamber of the bucket cylinder 30 can also be integrated into the cylinder bottom of the bucket cylinder 30.

[0033] In this embodiment, the buffer valves 50 in the rodless chamber and rod chamber of the steering cylinder 40 are integrated on both sides of the piston of the steering cylinder 40. When the piston moves to the end of its stroke, the buffer valves 50 on the piston will insert into the corresponding holes in the cylinder head or cylinder bottom, forming a throttling effect. This design makes the steering cylinder 40 compact, without increasing its overall length, and the cylinder bottom and cylinder head only require machining a simple mating hole, resulting in a simple structure and low sealing requirements. In other embodiments, the buffer valves 50 in the rodless chamber of the steering cylinder 40 can also be integrated into the cylinder bottom, and the buffer valves 50 in the rod chamber of the steering cylinder 40 can also be integrated into the cylinder head.

[0034] In this embodiment, the buffer valve 50 is an intermittent throttling buffer valve. In other embodiments, the buffer valve 50 may also be an adjustable buffer valve. Both intermittent throttling buffer valves and adjustable buffer valves are prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0035] This utility model also provides an engineering machinery, including the hydraulic buffer system described above. By adopting the above-mentioned hydraulic buffer system, firstly, it can ensure that each action ends smoothly without abrupt impacts and vibrations, ensuring the continuity, stability, and precision of the actions; secondly, it provides a gentler working environment for the entire equipment, comprehensively improving the reliability and lifespan of the equipment; finally, all actions can maintain consistent smoothness, greatly improving operating comfort, reducing operator fatigue, and making the work results more accurate and controllable, thereby improving the overall work quality.

[0036] In this embodiment, the construction machinery is a scraper. In other embodiments, the construction machinery may also be a loader, etc.

[0037] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the protection scope of this utility model. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A hydraulic buffer system, characterized in that, include: The main valve (10), lifting cylinder (20), bucket cylinder (30), and steering cylinder (40) are provided. The first and second working ports of the main valve (10) are respectively connected to the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the lifting cylinder (20). The third and fourth working ports of the main valve (10) are respectively connected to the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the bucket cylinder (30). The fifth and sixth working ports of the main valve (10) are respectively connected to the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the steering cylinder (40). The rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the lifting cylinder (20), the rodless chamber of the bucket cylinder (30), and the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the steering cylinder (40) are all provided with buffer valves (50).

2. The hydraulic buffer system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer valves (50) in the rodless chamber and rod chamber of the lifting cylinder (20) are respectively integrated on both sides of the piston of the lifting cylinder (20).

3. The hydraulic buffer system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer valve (50) in the rodless chamber of the lifting cylinder (20) is integrated into the bottom of the lifting cylinder (20), and the buffer valve (50) in the rod chamber of the lifting cylinder (20) is integrated into the cylinder cover of the lifting cylinder (20).

4. The hydraulic buffer system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer valve (50) in the rodless chamber of the rotating bucket cylinder (30) is integrated on the side of the piston facing the rodless chamber of the rotating bucket cylinder (30).

5. The hydraulic buffer system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer valve (50) in the rodless chamber of the bucket cylinder (30) is integrated into the bottom of the bucket cylinder (30).

6. The hydraulic buffer system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer valves (50) in the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the steering cylinder (40) are respectively integrated on both sides of the piston of the steering cylinder (40).

7. The hydraulic buffer system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer valve (50) in the rodless chamber of the steering cylinder (40) is integrated into the bottom of the steering cylinder (40), and the buffer valve (50) in the rod chamber of the steering cylinder (40) is integrated into the cylinder head of the steering cylinder (40).

8. The hydraulic buffer system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer valve (50) is a gap throttling type buffer valve.

9. Construction machinery, characterized in that, Includes the hydraulic buffer system as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. The engineering machinery according to claim 9, characterized in that, The construction machinery mentioned is a loader.

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