Wheel side reducer, drive axle and engineering machinery
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522072691.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-26
AI Technical Summary
若上述间隙区域无法得到充分的润滑与冷却，滚针轴承内部滚针将因摩擦产生大量热量，容易导致内部滚针高温失效，影响轮边减速器工作的可靠性与稳定性
[0019]The wheel-side reducer provided by this utility model has a planetary carrier with a first oil passage, a planetary shaft with a second oil passage and a third oil passage, and needle rollers disposed in the mounting gap between the planetary shaft and the planetary gears. At least two sets of needle rollers are spaced apart along the axial direction of the planetary shaft, and multiple needle rollers are arranged in each set along the circumference of the planetary shaft. There is an oil passage between adjacent needle rollers, a first gap between the planetary shaft and the needle rollers, and a second gap between the needle rollers and the planetary gears. The first oil passage is connected to a lubricating oil source. When the internal lubricating oil flows, it can sequentially flow through the first, second, and third oil passages to the first gap between the planetary shaft and the needle rollers, and then through the oil passage to the second gap between the needle rollers and the planetary gears. The first gap corresponds to the inner side of the needle rollers, and the second gap corresponds to the outer side of the needle rollers. This oil passage structure can reliably and sufficiently lubricate and cool both the inner and outer sides of the needle rollers, preventing high-temperature failure of the needle rollers and ensuring reliable and stable operation of the wheel-side reducer.
Smart Images
Figure CN224756272U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of speed reducer lubrication technology, and in particular to a wheel-side speed reducer, drive axle and engineering machinery. Background Technology
[0002] Planetary reduction mechanisms are commonly incorporated into the wheel-side reducers of drive axles. These mechanisms typically include planet carriers, planet shafts, planet gears, and a sun gear. In existing technology, needle roller bearings are mounted on the planet shafts, and the planet gears are mounted on these bearings, enabling reliable rotation of the planet gears relative to the planet shaft. The more components within the planetary reduction mechanism, the more crucial the adequacy and comprehensiveness of lubrication must be considered in its internal lubrication circuitry. Specifically, the clearances on both sides of the needle roller bearings—the clearances between the needle roller bearings and the planet shaft, and between the needle roller bearings and the planet gears—are essential lubrication areas. If these clearance areas are not adequately lubricated and cooled, the needle rollers inside the bearings will generate significant heat due to friction, potentially leading to high-temperature failure of the internal needle rollers and affecting the reliability and stability of the wheel-side reducer. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wheel-side reducer, drive axle, and engineering machinery that effectively improves the adequacy and reliability of internal lubrication and cooling.
[0004] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0005] A wheel-side reducer includes a housing and a planetary reduction mechanism disposed within the housing. The planetary reduction mechanism includes a planet carrier, a planetary shaft, planetary gears, and needle rollers. The planet carrier is fixed to the housing, and the planetary shaft is fixed on the planet carrier. The planetary gears are sleeved on the planetary shaft and form an installation gap with the planetary shaft. The needle rollers are disposed within the installation gap. The planetary gears are rotatably connected to the planetary shaft through the needle rollers. At least two sets of needle rollers are spaced apart along the axial direction of the planetary shaft, and each set of needle rollers has multiple sets arranged circumferentially along the planetary shaft.
[0006] The planetary carrier has a first oil passage, the planetary shaft has a second oil passage and a third oil passage, there is an oil passage between two adjacent needle rollers, there is a first gap between the planetary shaft and the needle rollers, there is a second gap between the needle rollers and the planetary gears, the first oil passage is connected to a lubricating oil source, the first oil passage is connected to the second oil passage, the second oil passage is connected to the first gap through the third oil passage, and the first gap is connected to the second gap through the oil passage.
[0007] Preferably, the planetary reduction mechanism further includes a sun gear, which meshes with the planet gears, and there is a third gap between the planet gears and the sun gear. The planet gears are provided with a fourth oil passage, and the second gap is connected to the third gap through the fourth oil passage.
[0008] Preferably, the second oil passage is opened along the axial direction of the planetary axis, the third oil passage is opened along the radial direction of the planetary axis, and the fourth oil passage is opened along the radial direction of the planetary gear.
[0009] Preferably, the number of the third oil passages is provided in multiples spaced apart along the axial direction of the planetary axis; and / or,
[0010] The number of oil passage gaps is provided in multiples at intervals along the axial direction of the needle rollers; and / or,
[0011] The number of the fourth oil passages is multiple, spaced apart along the axial direction of the planetary gear.
[0012] Preferably, the third oil passage and the fourth oil passage are staggered along the axial direction of the planetary axis.
[0013] Preferably, the planetary carrier has an insertion slot, the planetary shaft is fixedly inserted into the insertion slot, and there is a fourth gap between the insertion slot and the corresponding end of the planetary shaft. The first oil passage is connected to the second oil passage through the fourth gap.
[0014] Preferably, the diameter of the second oil passage is larger than the diameter of the third oil passage.
[0015] Preferably, a transition fillet or transition chamfer is provided between the second oil passage and the third oil passage.
[0016] A drive axle includes the wheel-side reducer described in any of the above claims, and also includes an axle body, wherein the wheel-side reducers are provided at opposite ends of the axle body, and the ends of the axle body are fixedly connected to the housings of the corresponding wheel-side reducers.
[0017] An engineering machine includes the aforementioned drive axle and a chassis, wherein the axle body is fixed to the chassis.
[0018] Beneficial effects:
[0019] The wheel-side reducer provided by this utility model has a planetary carrier with a first oil passage, a planetary shaft with a second oil passage and a third oil passage, and needle rollers disposed in the mounting gap between the planetary shaft and the planetary gears. At least two sets of needle rollers are spaced apart along the axial direction of the planetary shaft, and multiple needle rollers are arranged in each set along the circumference of the planetary shaft. There is an oil passage between adjacent needle rollers, a first gap between the planetary shaft and the needle rollers, and a second gap between the needle rollers and the planetary gears. The first oil passage is connected to a lubricating oil source. When the internal lubricating oil flows, it can sequentially flow through the first, second, and third oil passages to the first gap between the planetary shaft and the needle rollers, and then through the oil passage to the second gap between the needle rollers and the planetary gears. The first gap corresponds to the inner side of the needle rollers, and the second gap corresponds to the outer side of the needle rollers. This oil passage structure can reliably and sufficiently lubricate and cool both the inner and outer sides of the needle rollers, preventing high-temperature failure of the needle rollers and ensuring reliable and stable operation of the wheel-side reducer.
[0020] The drive axle provided by this utility model includes the aforementioned wheel-side reducer, which provides reliable and sufficient lubrication and cooling to ensure reliable and stable operation of the drive axle.
[0021] The engineering machinery provided by this utility model includes the aforementioned drive axle, and the wheel-side reducer achieves reliable and sufficient lubrication and cooling, ensuring the overall reliable and stable operation of the engineering machinery. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the wheel-side reducer provided by this utility model.
[0023] In the picture:
[0024] 1. Shell;
[0025] 2. Planetary carrier; 21. First oil passage; 22. Insertion slot;
[0026] 3. Planetary axis; 31. Second oil passage; 32. Third oil passage;
[0027] 4. Planetary gears; 41. Fourth oil passage;
[0028] 5. Needle roller; 51. Oil passage clearance;
[0029] 6. Sun Chakra. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0031] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "first position" and "second position" refer to two different positions. Moreover, "above," "on top of," and "over" the first feature in relation to the second feature includes the first feature directly above and diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "under," and "below" the first feature in relation to the second feature includes the first feature directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0032] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0033] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.
[0034] This embodiment provides a wheel-side speed reducer. (Refer to...) Figure 1As shown, the wheel-side reducer includes a housing 1 and a planetary reduction mechanism disposed within the housing 1. The planetary reduction mechanism includes a planet carrier 2, a planetary shaft 3, planetary gears 4, and needle rollers 5. The planet carrier 2 is fixed to the housing 1, the planetary shaft 3 is fixed on the planet carrier 2, the planetary gears 4 are sleeved on the planetary shaft 3 and form an installation gap with the planetary shaft 3, the needle rollers 5 are disposed within the installation gap, and the planetary gears 4 are rotatably connected to the planetary shaft 3 through the needle rollers 5. At least two sets of needle rollers 5 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the planetary shaft 3, and each set of needle rollers 5 has multiple needle rollers 5 arranged circumferentially along the planetary shaft 3. The planet carrier 2 has a first oil passage 21, the planetary shaft 3 has a second oil passage 31 and a third oil passage 32, there is an oil passage 51 between two adjacent needle rollers 5, there is a first gap between the planetary shaft 3 and the needle rollers 5, and there is a second gap between the needle rollers 5 and the planetary gears 4. The first oil passage 21 is connected to a lubricating oil source, the first oil passage 21 is connected to the second oil passage 31, the second oil passage 31 is connected to the first gap through the third oil passage 32, and the first gap is connected to the second gap through the oil passage 51.
[0035] In this embodiment, the planetary carrier 2 has a first oil passage 21, the planetary shaft 3 has a second oil passage 31 and a third oil passage 32, and the needle rollers 5 are disposed in the mounting gap between the planetary shaft 3 and the planetary gears 4. At least two sets of needle rollers 5 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the planetary shaft 3, and each set of needle rollers 5 has multiple needle rollers 5 arranged circumferentially along the planetary shaft 3. There is an oil passage 51 between adjacent needle rollers 5, a first gap between the planetary shaft 3 and the needle rollers 5, and a second gap between the needle rollers 5 and the planetary gears 4. The first oil passage 21 is connected to a lubricating oil source. When the internal lubricating oil flows, the lubricating oil can flow sequentially through the first oil passage 21, the second oil passage 31, and the third oil passage 32 to the first gap between the planetary shaft 3 and the needle rollers 5, and then flow from the first gap through the oil passage 51 to the second gap between the needle rollers 5 and the planetary gears 4. The first gap corresponds to the inner side of the needle roller 5, and the second gap corresponds to the outer side of the needle roller 5. This lubrication channel structure can reliably and fully lubricate and cool both the inner and outer sides of the needle roller 5, avoid high temperature failure of the needle roller 5, and ensure reliable and stable operation of the wheel-side reducer.
[0036] It is worth mentioning that the oil clearance 51 can be the clearance between two adjacent needle rollers 5 in the axial direction of the planetary shaft 3.
[0037] In this embodiment, the planetary reduction mechanism further includes a sun gear 6, which meshes with planet gears 4. A third gap exists between planet gears 4 and sun gear 6. Planet gear 4 has a fourth oil passage 41, and the second gap connects to the third gap through the fourth oil passage 41. Specifically, when the internal lubricating oil flows, after reaching the second gap, the lubricating oil can also enter the third gap through the fourth oil passage 41, thereby lubricating the meshing area between planet gears 4 and sun gear 6 and further improving the lubrication and cooling effect.
[0038] In this embodiment, the planet carrier 2 has multiple planetary gears 4, thus requiring multiple planetary shafts 3. Each planetary shaft 3 on the planet carrier 2 has a first oil passage 21. For example, the planet carrier 2 has four planetary shafts 3, and four first oil passages 21 are correspondingly provided on the planet carrier 2.
[0039] In this embodiment, the planetary gear 4 and the sun gear 6 are configured as meshing gears.
[0040] In this embodiment, the number of third oil passages 32 is provided at multiple intervals along the axial direction of the planetary shaft 3; and / or, the number of fourth oil passages 41 is provided at multiple intervals along the axial direction of the planetary gear 4.
[0041] Specifically, multiple third oil passages 32 are provided to further improve the reliability and stability of the directional flow of lubricating oil from the planetary shaft 3 to the first gap, and also to ensure the uniform distribution of lubricating oil in the first gap; multiple oil passages 51 are provided to further improve the reliability and stability of the directional flow of lubricating oil from the first gap to the second gap, and also to ensure the uniform distribution of lubricating oil in the second gap; multiple fourth oil passages 41 are provided to further improve the reliability and stability of the directional flow of lubricating oil from the second gap to the third gap, and also to ensure the uniform distribution of lubricating oil in the third gap.
[0042] In this embodiment, the third oil passage 32 and the fourth oil passage 41 are staggered in the axial direction of the planetary shaft 3. Specifically, the staggered arrangement of the third oil passage 32 and the fourth oil passage 41 ensures that the positions where the lubricating oil enters the first gap and the third gap are staggered, thus preventing the lubricating oil from being concentrated along the axial direction of the planetary shaft 3 and further improving the uniformity of the lubricating oil distribution in the first gap and the third gap.
[0043] In this embodiment, the planetary carrier 2 has an insertion slot 22, and the planetary shaft 3 is fixedly inserted into the insertion slot 22. There is a fourth gap between the corresponding ends of the insertion slot 22 and the planetary shaft 3, and the first oil passage 21 is connected to the second oil passage 31 through the fourth gap. Specifically, when the internal lubricating oil flows, after reaching the first oil passage 21, the lubricating oil enters the second oil passage 31 through the fourth gap, so that the lubricating oil can also lubricate and cool the corresponding ends of the insertion slot 22 and the planetary shaft 3.
[0044] In this embodiment, the aperture of the second oil passage 31 is larger than that of the third oil passage 32. The second oil passage 31 is an intermediate flow channel connecting the first oil passage 21 and the third oil passage 32, so it is necessary to ensure reliable and stable internal oil flow. The third oil passage 32 directly corresponds to the first gap between the planetary shaft 3 and the needle roller 5, so its aperture can be appropriately reduced to ensure uniform oil flow and stable flow, ensuring a continuous flow of lubricating oil in the first gap.
[0045] In this embodiment, the second oil passage 31 is opened along the axial direction of the planetary axis 3, the third oil passage 32 is opened along the radial direction of the planetary axis 3, and the fourth oil passage 41 is opened along the radial direction of the planetary gear 4.
[0046] In this embodiment, a transition fillet or chamfer is provided between the second oil passage 31 and the third oil passage 32. Specifically, since there is a certain angle between the second oil passage 31 and the third oil passage 32, for example, when the second oil passage 31 is opened along the axial direction of the planetary axis 3 and the third oil passage 32 is opened along the radial direction of the planetary axis 3, the angle between them is 90°. The provision of the transition fillet and chamfer ensures that the lubricating oil flows smoothly and reliably from the second oil passage 31 to the third oil passage 32, avoiding adverse effects such as impact.
[0047] This embodiment also provides a drive axle. The drive axle includes the aforementioned wheel-side reducer and an axle body. Wheel-side reducers are provided at both opposite ends of the axle body, and the ends of the axle body are fixedly connected to the housings 1 of the corresponding wheel-side reducers. Specifically, the drive axle includes the aforementioned wheel-side reducers, which provide reliable and sufficient lubrication and cooling to ensure reliable and stable operation of the drive axle.
[0048] This embodiment also provides a piece of construction machinery. The construction machinery includes the aforementioned drive axle and a chassis, with the axle body fixed to the chassis. Specifically, the construction machinery includes the aforementioned drive axle, and the wheel-side reducer provides reliable and sufficient lubrication and cooling, ensuring reliable and stable overall operation of the construction machinery.
[0049] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. A wheel-side reduction gear, characterized in that The device includes a housing (1) and a planetary reduction mechanism disposed within the housing (1). The planetary reduction mechanism includes a planet carrier (2), a planetary shaft (3), planetary gears (4), and needle rollers (5). The planet carrier (2) is fixed to the housing (1), the planetary shaft (3) is fixed to the planet carrier (2), the planetary gears (4) are sleeved on the planetary shaft (3) and form an installation gap with the planetary shaft (3), the needle rollers (5) are disposed within the installation gap, and the planetary gears (4) are rotatably connected to the planetary shaft (3) through the needle rollers (5). The needle rollers (5) are provided in at least two sets at intervals along the axial direction of the planetary shaft (3), and each set of needle rollers (5) is provided with multiple needle rollers along the circumference of the planetary shaft (3). The planetary carrier (2) has a first oil passage (21), the planetary shaft (3) has a second oil passage (31) and a third oil passage (32), there is an oil passage (51) between two adjacent needle rollers (5), there is a first gap between the planetary shaft (3) and the needle rollers (5), there is a second gap between the needle rollers (5) and the planetary gear (4), the first oil passage (21) is connected to the lubricating oil source, the first oil passage (21) is connected to the second oil passage (31), the second oil passage (31) is connected to the first gap through the third oil passage (32), and the first gap is connected to the second gap through the oil passage (51).
2. The hub reduction of claim 1, wherein, The planetary reduction mechanism also includes a sun gear (6), which meshes with the planet gear (4). There is a third gap between the planet gear (4) and the sun gear (6). The planet gear (4) has a fourth oil passage (41), and the second gap is connected to the third gap through the fourth oil passage (41).
3. The hub reduction of claim 2, wherein, The second oil passage (31) is opened along the axial direction of the planetary axis (3), the third oil passage (32) is opened along the radial direction of the planetary axis (3), and the fourth oil passage (41) is opened along the radial direction of the planetary gear (4).
4. The wheel-side reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of the third oil passages (32) is provided in multiples spaced along the axial direction of the planetary axis (3); and / or, The number of the oil passage gaps (51) is provided at multiple intervals along the axial direction of the needle roller (5); and / or, The number of the fourth oil passages (41) is provided in multiples at axial intervals along the planetary gear (4).
5. The wheel-side reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the planetary axis (3), the third oil passage (32) and the fourth oil passage (41) are misaligned.
6. The wheel-side reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planetary carrier (2) has an insertion slot (22), and the planetary shaft (3) is fixedly inserted into the insertion slot (22). There is a fourth gap between the insertion slot (22) and the corresponding end of the planetary shaft (3). The first oil passage (21) is connected to the second oil passage (31) through the fourth gap.
7. The wheel-side reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the second oil passage (31) is larger than the diameter of the third oil passage (32).
8. The wheel-side reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, A transition fillet or transition chamfer is provided between the second oil passage (31) and the third oil passage (32).
9. A drive axle, characterized in that, The device includes the wheel-side reducer as described in any one of claims 1-8, and also includes an axle body, wherein the wheel-side reducer is provided at both opposite ends of the axle body, and the end of the axle body is fixedly connected to the housing (1) of the corresponding wheel-side reducer.
10. An engineering machinery, characterized in that, The axle as described in claim 9 is included, and a chassis is also included, with the axle body fixed to the chassis.