A burner and a combustion system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of burner and combustion system, the burner includes pulverized coal passage, combustion cylinder, ammonia fuel supply branch pipe and plasma generator, combustion cylinder is sleeved in pulverized coal passage, the inner wall of combustion cylinder is provided first wedge-shaped pulverized coal condensation block, first wedge-shaped pulverized coal condensation block sets ammonia fuel front end outlet and ammonia fuel rear end outlet, ammonia fuel supply branch pipe passes through pulverized coal passage and combustion cylinder and ammonia fuel front end outlet and ammonia fuel rear end outlet communication, ammonia fuel supply branch pipe is provided in for adjusting the ammonia fuel flow of ammonia fuel front end outlet and ammonia fuel rear end outlet Fuel flow regulating device, plasma generator is inserted into combustion cylinder from the import end of pulverized coal passage.The above-mentioned burner uses ammonia coal mixed fuel, makes ammonia coal complementary advantage, and different direction ammonia fuel jet is formed by first wedge-shaped pulverized coal condensation block, realizes with pulverized coal step-by-step blending, realizes fuel staging in burner interior, it is favorable to control NO x Generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of boiler technology, and in particular to a burner and combustion system. Background Technology

[0002] In the context of dual carbon emissions, ammonia (NH3), as a zero-carbon fuel and an excellent hydrogen storage medium, has become a highly anticipated green energy carrier due to its high volumetric energy density and ease of liquefaction, storage, and transportation. Blending a certain proportion of ammonia into coal-fired boilers to achieve ammonia-coal co-combustion can proportionally reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, providing a feasible carbon reduction technology route for coal-fired power units.

[0003] However, due to its high ignition temperature and slow flame propagation speed, NH3 has poor combustion characteristics, resulting in problems with stable ignition and complete combustion. Furthermore, the presence of nitrogen atoms in the NH3 molecule significantly increases the total nitrogen content in the boiler fuel during ammonia-mixed combustion, and improper combustion process control can easily generate large amounts of fuel-type NO. x This leads to NO x The significant increase in emissions has become a potential bottleneck for ammonia-coal co-firing technology in coal-fired boilers.

[0004] Existing technologies mainly cover three technical routes. One route involves mixing ammonia fuel with air to ensure complete combustion. Burners using this route are in an oxygen-rich state due to the mixture of ammonia fuel and air, which easily produces a large amount of NO. x One method to suppress NO emissions is to supply ammonia fuel to the reduction zone via combustion air. x The purpose of production is to prevent the precise introduction of ammonia fuel into the reduction zone due to the complex flow field organization at the burner outlet, thus hindering NO suppression. x The formation effect is not good; one method is to mix ammonia fuel with coal to enhance the combustion reaction intensity of ammonia fuel, which is beneficial to providing combustion stability. However, coal quality conditions, boiler load, and other conditions are highly variable, making it difficult to control the mixing effect of ammonia fuel with coal, which is not conducive to suppressing NO. x generate. Utility Model Content

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a burner that combines stable combustion and low NO content. x emission.

[0006] The second objective of this invention is to provide a combustion system including the aforementioned burner.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0008] In a first aspect of this application, a burner is provided, comprising:

[0009] The pulverized coal channel includes an inlet end and an outlet end, wherein the inlet end is used to introduce pulverized coal and primary air;

[0010] A combustion chamber is fitted inside the pulverized coal channel. The inner wall of the combustion chamber is provided with a first wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener. The first inclined surface of the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener, which is inclined towards the outlet end, is provided with an ammonia fuel front outlet. The second inclined surface of the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener, which is inclined towards the inlet end, is provided with an ammonia fuel rear outlet.

[0011] An ammonia fuel supply branch pipe passes through the pulverized coal channel and the combustion chamber and is connected to the front ammonia fuel outlet and the rear ammonia fuel outlet of the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal concentrate block. A fuel flow regulating device is provided in the ammonia fuel supply branch pipe to regulate the flow of ammonia fuel to the front ammonia fuel outlet and the rear ammonia fuel outlet.

[0012] A plasma generator extends into the combustion chamber from the inlet end to ignite the pulverized coal and ammonia fuel inside the combustion chamber.

[0013] In one possible implementation, multiple ammonia fuel supply branches are arranged circumferentially at intervals, and the inner wall of the combustion chamber is provided with multiple first wedge-shaped coal powder thickeners that are connected to each of the ammonia fuel supply branches in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the combustion chamber is disposed within the pulverized coal channel via a support structure, and the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal concentrate block is disposed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber corresponding to the position of the support structure. The ammonia fuel supply branch pipe passes sequentially through the pulverized coal channel, the support structure, and the combustion chamber, and is connected to the ammonia fuel front outlet and the ammonia fuel rear outlet of the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal concentrate block.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the burner includes a plurality of combustion cylinders, each combustion cylinder being sequentially arranged in the pulverized coal channel along the direction from the inlet end to the outlet end, and the diameter of each combustion cylinder increasing sequentially along the direction from the inlet end to the outlet end, so that each combustion cylinder is sequentially partially nested along the direction from the inlet end to the outlet end, and the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickening block is disposed in the combustion cylinder closest to the inlet end.

[0016] In one possible implementation, a second wedge-shaped coal concentrate block is provided on the inner wall of at least one of the combustion chambers other than the one closest to the inlet end.

[0017] In one possible implementation, a carrier medium channel is further included, which is connected to the plasma generator. The carrier medium channel is configured to supply ammonia carrier medium to the plasma generator. The carrier medium channel is provided with a carrier flow regulating device for controlling the flow rate of ammonia carrier medium in the carrier medium channel and a carrier pressure regulating device for controlling the pressure of ammonia carrier medium in the carrier medium channel.

[0018] In one possible implementation, in the longitudinal section of the combustion chamber, the orientations of the ammonia fuel front outlet and the ammonia fuel rear outlet are respectively inclined to intersect the axial direction of the combustion chamber.

[0019] In the cross-section of the combustion chamber, the orientations of the front outlet and the rear outlet of the ammonia fuel intersect with the radial inclination of the combustion chamber.

[0020] In one possible implementation, in the longitudinal section of the combustion chamber, the angle between the orientation of the front outlet of the ammonia fuel and the axial direction of the combustion chamber is greater than or equal to 20° and less than 90°, and the angle between the orientation of the rear outlet of the ammonia fuel and the axial direction of the combustion chamber is greater than or equal to 20° and less than 90°.

[0021] In the cross-section of the combustion chamber, the angle between the orientation of the front outlet of the ammonia fuel and the radial direction of the combustion chamber is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 60°, and the angle between the orientation of the rear outlet of the ammonia fuel and the radial direction of the combustion chamber is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 60°.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the outlet end of the pulverized coal channel is fitted with a perimeter air channel, and an annular cavity for conveying perimeter air to the periphery of the outlet end of the pulverized coal channel is formed between the perimeter air channel and the outlet end of the pulverized coal channel.

[0023] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this utility model discloses a burner, which includes a pulverized coal channel, a combustion cylinder, an ammonia fuel supply branch pipe, and a plasma generator. The pulverized coal channel includes an inlet end and an outlet end. The inlet end is used to introduce pulverized coal and primary air. The combustion cylinder is sleeved inside the pulverized coal channel. A first wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener is provided on the inner wall of the combustion cylinder. The first inclined surface of the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener, which is inclined towards the outlet end, is provided as the front outlet of ammonia fuel. The second inclined surface of the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener, which is inclined towards the inlet end, is provided as the rear outlet of ammonia fuel. The ammonia fuel supply branch pipe passes through the pulverized coal channel and the combustion cylinder and is connected to the front outlet and rear outlet of ammonia fuel of the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener. A fuel flow regulating device is provided in the ammonia fuel supply branch pipe to regulate the flow rate of ammonia fuel to the front outlet and rear outlet of ammonia fuel. The plasma generator extends into the combustion cylinder from the inlet end to ignite the pulverized coal and ammonia fuel in the combustion cylinder.

[0024] In application, the primary air and pulverized coal mixture participating in combustion enters the pulverized coal channel and combustion chamber from the inlet end of the pulverized coal channel. The ammonia fuel participating in combustion is guided by the ammonia fuel supply branch pipe through the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener block to the ammonia fuel front outlet and ammonia fuel rear outlet, and is introduced into the plasma generator in stages. The ammonia fuel jet at the ammonia fuel front outlet is in the same direction as the pulverized coal airflow. At the same time, due to the inclination angle of the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener block, the ammonia fuel jet at the ammonia fuel front outlet can be strongly mixed with the pulverized coal airflow. The ammonia fuel jet at the ammonia fuel rear outlet is in the opposite direction to the pulverized coal airflow. After plasma cracking, it generates highly active products such as hydrogen ions. Meanwhile, the fuel flow regulating device can adjust the flow ratio of the ammonia fuel front outlet and the ammonia fuel rear outlet according to the coal quality conditions and boiler load requirements to create an environment that effectively suppresses NOx generation and reduction.

[0025] It is evident that the aforementioned burner can mix ammonia fuel with pulverized coal, which is then ignited by a plasma ignition source under fuel-rich conditions. The volatile matter released from the coal particles enhances the ammonia reaction intensity, improving the stable combustion performance of the ammonia fuel. Furthermore, due to the reducing properties of ammonia fuel itself, it helps suppress NO2 in pulverized coal under a strongly reducing atmosphere. x The process generates ammonia fuel that complements the advantages of coal fuel. Furthermore, the first wedge-shaped coal powder thickener creates two jets of ammonia fuel in different directions, allowing for staged blending of ammonia fuel and coal. This fuel staged mixing within the burner ensures an oxygen-deficient combustion environment, which is beneficial for controlling NO₂. x generate.

[0026] In a second aspect of this application, a combustion system is provided, comprising:

[0027] Furnace;

[0028] A burner, the burner being as described in the first aspect and its possible implementations, wherein the outlet end of the pulverized coal passage of the burner is connected to the furnace.

[0029] Since the combustion system uses the burner in the above embodiments, it should have the same technical effects as the burner described above, and will not be described again here. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the burner provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In the picture:

[0033] 100 is the pulverized coal channel; 110 is the inlet end; 120 is the outlet end; 200 is the combustion chamber; 300 is the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener; 310 is the front-end outlet of ammonia fuel; 320 is the rear-end outlet of ammonia fuel; 400 is the ammonia fuel supply branch pipe; 410 is the fuel flow regulating device; 500 is the support structure; 600 is the second wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener; 700 is the plasma generator; 800 is the carrier medium channel; 810 is the carrier flow regulating device; 820 is the carrier pressure regulating device; 900 is the perimeter air channel. Detailed Implementation

[0034] One of the core features of this invention is to provide a burner whose structural design enables it to achieve both stable combustion and low NO₂ levels. x emission.

[0035] Another core aspect of this invention is to provide a combustion system including the aforementioned burner.

[0036] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0037] This application provides a burner; please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1The burner includes a pulverized coal channel 100, a combustion chamber 200, an ammonia fuel supply branch pipe 400, and a plasma generator 700.

[0038] The pulverized coal channel 100 is a circumferentially closed cylindrical shape, with an inlet end 110 and an outlet end 120 at its two ends. The inlet end 110 is used to introduce pulverized coal and primary air.

[0039] The combustion cylinder 200 is a circumferentially closed cylinder. The combustion cylinder 200 is fitted inside the pulverized coal channel 100. There is a gap between the outer wall of the combustion cylinder 200 and the inner wall of the pulverized coal channel 100. The inner wall of the combustion cylinder 200 is provided with a first wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener 300. The end of the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener 300 away from the inner wall of the combustion cylinder 200 is provided with a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface. The first inclined surface of the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener 300, which is inclined towards the outlet end 120, is provided with an ammonia fuel front outlet 310. The second inclined surface of the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener 300, which is inclined towards the inlet end 110, is provided with an ammonia fuel rear outlet 320.

[0040] One or more ammonia fuel supply branch pipes 400 are provided. One end of the ammonia fuel supply branch pipe 400 is connected to the ammonia fuel supply device, and the other end of the ammonia fuel supply branch pipe 400 passes through the pulverized coal channel 100 and the combustion cylinder 200 and is connected to the ammonia fuel front outlet 310 and ammonia fuel rear outlet 320 of the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal concentrate block 300. A fuel flow regulating device 410 is provided in the ammonia fuel supply branch pipe 400 to regulate the flow of ammonia fuel to the ammonia fuel front outlet 310 and ammonia fuel rear outlet 320.

[0041] Ammonia fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber 200 through the ammonia fuel supply branch pipe 400, mixing it with pulverized coal. Due to the reducing properties of ammonia, a reducing atmosphere is formed that envelops the pulverized coal, which helps to suppress NO in the pulverized coal. x Therefore, this co-combustion method can complement the advantages of ammonia fuel and coal fuel.

[0042] The ammonia fuel jet ejected from the front outlet 310 along the direction of the pulverized coal flow is mixed with high-concentration pulverized coal fuel. With the help of a large amount of volatiles containing active substances such as CH4 / H2 released during the initial stage of pulverized coal combustion, the combustion intensity of ammonia fuel can be enhanced, which is conducive to its rapid ignition and self-sustaining combustion.

[0043] The plasma generator 700 extends into the combustion chamber 200 from the inlet end 110 to ignite the pulverized coal and ammonia fuel inside. After being powered on, the plasma generator 700 releases high-temperature plasma, which pre-activates the ammonia fuel. Under the influence of the plasma, the ammonia fuel jet ejected from the rear outlet 320 in the opposite direction to the pulverized coal flow generates a large number of highly reactive groups, which facilitates rapid ignition of the ammonia fuel. Simultaneously, under the influence of the plasma, the pulverized coal undergoes pyrolysis, releasing a large amount of volatiles. The released active substances include CH4 / H2, which enhance the ignition of NH3 and increase the combustion intensity of the ammonia fuel, ensuring stable combustion and solving the ignition problem of difficult-to-ignite ammonia fuel.

[0044] In application, the primary air and pulverized coal mixture participating in combustion enters the pulverized coal channel 100 and the combustion chamber 200 from the inlet end 110 of the pulverized coal channel 100. Inside the burner, to create a rich, strong reducing atmosphere to suppress NO... x The generation process requires controlling the amount of oxygen supplied by the primary air in the pulverized coal airflow for the combustion of the ammonia-coal mixture. The excess air coefficient should be less than 0.98. The ammonia fuel participating in the combustion is guided from the ammonia fuel supply branch pipe 400 through the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal concentrate block 300 to the ammonia fuel front outlet 310 and the ammonia fuel rear outlet 320, and then introduced in stages into the plasma generator 700.

[0045] The ammonia fuel jet at the front outlet 310 flows in the same direction as the pulverized coal flow. Simultaneously, due to the inclination angle of the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal concentrate block 300, the ammonia fuel jet at the front outlet 310 mixes strongly with the pulverized coal flow. The ammonia fuel jet at the rear outlet 320 flows against the pulverized coal flow direction and undergoes plasma cracking to generate highly reactive products such as hydrogen ions. Meanwhile, the fuel flow regulating device 410 can adjust the flow ratio between the front outlet 310 and the rear outlet 320 of the ammonia fuel according to coal quality conditions and boiler load requirements, creating an environment that effectively suppresses NO. x The environment for generation and restoration.

[0046] Finally, the ammonia-coal mixture fuel, which is in the ignition state, is ejected from the outlet end 120 of the pulverized coal channel 100 of the burner and enters the furnace.

[0047] Therefore, the burner provided in this application embodiment can mix ammonia fuel with pulverized coal, and ignite it under rich combustion conditions using a plasma ignition source. The volatile matter released by the coal particles enhances the ammonia reaction intensity, improving the stable combustion performance of the ammonia fuel. Furthermore, due to the reducing properties of ammonia fuel itself, it helps suppress NO3- in a strongly reducing atmosphere. x The process generates ammonia fuel that complements the advantages of coal fuel. Furthermore, the first wedge-shaped coal powder thickener 300 creates two jets of ammonia fuel in different directions, allowing for staged blending of ammonia fuel and coal. This achieves fuel gradation within the burner, resulting in an oxygen-deficient combustion state that helps control NO.x generate.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, multiple ammonia fuel supply branch pipes 400 are arranged at intervals along the circumference. The inner wall of the combustion cylinder 200 is provided with multiple first wedge-shaped coal powder thickening blocks 300 that are connected to each ammonia fuel supply branch pipe 400 in a one-to-one correspondence. The number of ammonia fuel supply branch pipes 400 can be 2 to 16, that is, the burner can be provided with 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 or 16 ammonia fuel supply branch pipes 400 in the circumference.

[0049] It is understandable that, in addition to the first wedge-shaped coal powder concentrate 300 used to connect with the ammonia fuel supply branch pipe 400, the inner wall of the combustion cylinder 200 may also be provided with coal powder concentrates of similar shape to the first wedge-shaped coal powder concentrate 300 or other types as needed. These coal powder concentrates may be arranged in a staggered manner from the first wedge-shaped coal powder concentrate 300 in the circumferential and / or axial directions of the combustion cylinder 200.

[0050] Further optimize the above technical solutions, such as Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the combustion chamber 200 is disposed within the pulverized coal channel 100 via a support structure 510. A first wedge-shaped pulverized coal concentrate block 300 is disposed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber 200 corresponding to the position of the support structure 510. An ammonia fuel supply branch pipe 400 sequentially passes through the pulverized coal channel 100, the support structure 510, and the combustion chamber 200, connecting to the ammonia fuel front outlet 310 and the ammonia fuel rear outlet 320 of the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal concentrate block 300. That is, an ammonia inlet channel is machined on the support structure 510 to allow the ammonia fuel supply branch pipe 400 to pass through and connect to the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal concentrate block 300.

[0051] By machining the ammonia inlet channel on the support structure 510, the ammonia fuel supply branch pipe 400 can be prevented from occupying the internal space of the burner, thus saving burner space materials, reducing the resistance of the burner to pulverized coal, primary air and ammonia fuel, reducing the wear of the ammonia fuel supply branch pipe 400 by pulverized coal, and improving its service life.

[0052] The burner includes multiple combustion chambers 200, which are coaxially arranged. Each combustion chamber 200 is sequentially arranged in the pulverized coal channel 100 along the direction from the inlet end 110 to the outlet end 120. The diameter of each combustion chamber 200 increases sequentially along the direction from the inlet end 110 to the outlet end 120 of the pulverized coal channel 100, so that each combustion chamber 200 is partially nested sequentially along the direction from the inlet end 110 to the outlet end 120 of the pulverized coal channel 100. The combustion chamber 200 closest to the inlet end 110 is provided with a first wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickening block 300. This can form a multi-stage combustion chamber 200 structure, so that the flame of ammonia-coal mixed combustion is gradually enlarged.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, in this application, the burner includes three combustion cylinders 200. Along the direction from the inlet end 110 to the outlet end 120 of the pulverized coal channel 100, the diameters of the three combustion cylinders 200 increase sequentially. Furthermore, the outer diameter of one of two adjacent combustion cylinders 200 closer to the inlet end 110 of the pulverized coal channel 100 is smaller than the inner diameter of the one farther from the inlet end 110 of the pulverized coal channel 100, so that the two can be partially nested.

[0054] Further optimize the above technical solutions, such as Figure 1 As shown, at least one of the combustion cylinders 200, except for the one closest to the inlet end 110 of the pulverized coal channel 100, has a second wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener 600 on its inner wall. Unlike the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener 300, the second wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener 600 does not need to be connected to the ammonia fuel supply branch pipe 400. Therefore, it does not have an ammonia fuel front outlet 310 and an ammonia fuel rear outlet 320 connected to it. By setting the second wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener 600 on the inner wall of the other combustion cylinders 200, the burner's adaptability range to ammonia mixing ratio can be further widened, making combustion more stable.

[0055] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, except for the combustion cylinder 200 closest to the inlet end 110 of the pulverized coal channel 100, the inner walls of the other combustion cylinders 200 are provided with second wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickening blocks 600. The number, shape and size of the second wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickening blocks 600 on the inner walls of each combustion cylinder 200 except for the combustion cylinder 200 closest to the inlet end 110 of the pulverized coal channel 100 can be set as needed, and can be completely the same or different, which is not limited here.

[0056] As a preferred option, such as Figure 1 As shown, the burner provided in this embodiment of the application also includes a carrier medium channel 800, which is connected to the plasma generator 700. The carrier medium channel 800 is configured to supply ammonia carrier medium to the plasma generator 700. The carrier medium channel 800 is provided with a carrier flow regulating device 810 for controlling the flow rate of the ammonia carrier medium in the carrier medium channel 800 and a carrier pressure regulating device 820 for controlling the pressure of the ammonia carrier medium in the carrier medium channel 800. The plasma generator 700 can not only transmit plasma by using ammonia as a carrier medium, but also control the shape and distribution of plasma by adjusting the flow rate, speed and direction of the ammonia carrier air, so as to better adapt it to the ammonia-coal co-combustion process.

[0057] When using ammonia as the carrier gas, precise control of the ammonia flow rate and pressure is required. The selection of flow rate and velocity must be adjusted based on factors such as the power of the plasma generator 700 and the ignition requirements of the downstream ammonia-coal co-fired burner to ensure stable plasma generation and transmission. Regarding pressure, a certain pressure range needs to be maintained to ensure stable delivery of ammonia to the plasma generator. Therefore, in this embodiment, the carrier medium channel 800 is equipped with a carrier flow rate regulating device 810 and a carrier pressure regulating device 820 to control the flow rate and pressure of the output ammonia carrier gas.

[0058] During operation, when the ammonia carrier medium passes through the plasma generator 700, under the action of an electric field or high-frequency energy, ammonia molecules will undergo ionization, dissociation, and excitation, generating a variety of active plasma substances, including: active free radicals, excited-state molecules and ions, etc. These highly reactive free radicals can significantly reduce the ignition temperature of ammonia and coal and accelerate the chain reaction; excited-state substances release energy through radiation or collision, directly heating the fuel mixture; the generation of active substances can improve the combustion rate of pulverized coal and make up for the disadvantage of slow ammonia combustion speed.

[0059] By controlling the plasma parameters generated by ionized ammonia, the desired active substances can be generated in a directional manner, achieving efficient and low-carbon combustion of ammonia-coal mixed fuels. The ammonia plasma can simultaneously provide an ignition source and reaction catalysts such as free radicals, breaking through the limitations of traditional combustion technologies.

[0060] To further optimize the above technical solution, in the longitudinal section of the combustion cylinder 200, the longitudinal section of the combustion cylinder 200 refers to the plane passing through the axis of the combustion cylinder 200. The orientations of the ammonia fuel front outlet 310 and the ammonia fuel rear outlet 320 intersect the axial direction of the combustion cylinder 200, respectively. By adjusting the flow rate of the ammonia fuel front outlet 310 and the ammonia fuel rear outlet 320, the ammonia fuel jet can be organized into a state that is forward, reverse, or perpendicular to the coal powder airflow, thereby enhancing the mixing efficiency of ammonia fuel and coal powder fuel.

[0061] In the cross-section of the combustion cylinder 200, the cross-section of the combustion cylinder 200 refers to the plane perpendicular to the axis of the combustion cylinder 200. The orientations of the ammonia fuel front outlet 310 and the ammonia fuel rear outlet 320 intersect with the radial inclination of the combustion cylinder 200, which can organize the ammonia fuel jet into a state of circumferential rotation around the combustion cylinder 200.

[0062] The above configuration allows the ammonia jet to rotate and diffuse simultaneously after ejection. The rotating jet creates pressure gradients along the axial and radial directions of the combustion chamber 200, establishing a vortex zone within the swirling jet. This enhances turbulence, promotes ammonia / coal mixing, increases the contact area with air, and improves combustion and flame organization. The ejection velocity of the ammonia jet should ensure its penetration depth within the primary air-coal mixture to guarantee diffusion of the ammonia fuel in the pulverized coal gas flow and the uniformity of mixing between the ammonia fuel and the pulverized coal.

[0063] Specifically, in one embodiment of this application, in the longitudinal section of the combustion cylinder 200, the angle between the orientation of the ammonia fuel front outlet 310 and the axial direction of the combustion cylinder 200 is greater than or equal to 20° and less than 90°, and the angle between the orientation of the ammonia fuel rear outlet 320 and the axial direction of the combustion cylinder 200 is greater than or equal to 20° and less than 90°.

[0064] In the cross-section of the combustion cylinder 200, the angle between the orientation of the ammonia fuel front outlet 310 and the radial direction of the combustion cylinder 200 is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 60°, and the angle between the orientation of the ammonia fuel rear outlet 320 and the radial direction of the combustion cylinder 200 is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 60°.

[0065] Please see Figure 1 The outlet end 120 of the pulverized coal channel 100 is covered by a perimeter air channel 900. The perimeter air channel 900 and the outlet end 120 of the pulverized coal channel 100 form an annular cavity for conveying perimeter air to the outside of the outlet end 120 of the pulverized coal channel 100.

[0066] The perimeter air supplied by the perimeter air duct 900 serves two purposes: firstly, to cool the outlet end 120 of the pulverized coal duct 100; and secondly, to induced high-temperature flue gas into the furnace, enhancing combustion and providing the residual air required for fuel burnout. It should be noted that the residual air required for fuel burnout can also be provided by the burner secondary air system and the furnace burnout air to further burn the fuel and reduce NO₂ levels within the furnace. x .

[0067] In summary, the burner provided in this application provides a two-stage ammonia combustion. The first stage utilizes ammonia as a carrier medium in the plasma generator 700, pre-cracking it to produce highly active products. This allows ammonia to simultaneously provide an ignition source and free radicals as catalysts, overcoming the limitations of traditional combustion technologies and achieving efficient, low-carbon combustion of ammonia-coal blended fuels. The second stage uses ammonia as a co-fired fuel, placing the pulverized coal in a reducing atmosphere and suppressing NO2- in the pulverized coal. x The formation of ammonia fuel, along with the release of a large amount of volatiles containing active substances such as CH4 / H2 during the initial stage of pulverized coal combustion, enhances the combustion intensity of ammonia fuel, which is conducive to its rapid ignition and self-sustaining combustion.

[0068] Therefore, the burner provided in this application embodiment combines high efficiency and stable combustion with low NOx x This multi-functional unit features a simple structure, easy installation, and comprehensive functions. It is suitable for low-cost ammonia-blended combustion retrofitting of coal-fired boilers and can be widely applied in pulverized coal boilers in power generation and industrial sectors.

[0069] This application also provides a combustion system, which includes a furnace and a burner. The burner is the burner described in the above embodiments, and the outlet end 120 of the pulverized coal channel 100 of the burner is connected to the furnace. Since the combustion system uses the burner in the above embodiments, the technical effect of the combustion system can be referred to the above embodiments.

[0070] As indicated in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "a," and / or "the" are not specifically singular and may include the plural. Generally, the terms "comprising" and "including" only indicate the inclusion of expressly identified steps and elements, which do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements. An element defined by the phrase "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, product, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0071] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "setup," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this application in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0072] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0073] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the core ideas of this utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from the principles of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A burner, characterized in that, include: The pulverized coal channel (100) includes an inlet end (110) and an outlet end (120), wherein the inlet end (110) is used to introduce pulverized coal and primary air; A combustion cylinder (200) is fitted inside the pulverized coal channel (100). The inner wall of the combustion cylinder (200) is provided with a first wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener (300). The first inclined surface of the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener (300) inclined towards the outlet end (120) is provided with an ammonia fuel front outlet (310). The second inclined surface of the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickener (300) inclined towards the inlet end (110) is provided with an ammonia fuel rear outlet (320). An ammonia fuel supply branch pipe (400) passes through the pulverized coal channel (100) and the combustion chamber (200) and is connected to the ammonia fuel front outlet (310) and the ammonia fuel rear outlet (320) of the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal concentrate block (300). A fuel flow regulating device (410) is provided in the ammonia fuel supply branch pipe (400) for regulating the flow of ammonia fuel to the ammonia fuel front outlet (310) and the ammonia fuel rear outlet (320). A plasma generator (700) extends from the inlet end (110) into the combustion chamber (200) to ignite the pulverized coal and ammonia fuel in the combustion chamber (200).

2. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple ammonia fuel supply branch pipes (400) are arranged circumferentially at intervals, and the inner wall of the combustion cylinder (200) is provided with multiple first wedge-shaped coal powder thickening blocks (300) that correspond one-to-one with each of the ammonia fuel supply branch pipes (400).

3. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion chamber (200) is disposed in the pulverized coal channel (100) by a support structure (500). The first wedge-shaped pulverized coal concentrate block (300) is disposed on the inner wall of the combustion chamber (200) corresponding to the position of the support structure (500). The ammonia fuel supply branch pipe (400) passes through the pulverized coal channel (100), the support structure (500) and the combustion chamber (200) in sequence and is connected to the ammonia fuel front outlet (310) and the ammonia fuel rear outlet (320) of the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal concentrate block (300).

4. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The burner includes a plurality of combustion cylinders (200), each combustion cylinder (200) being arranged sequentially in the pulverized coal channel (100) along the direction from the inlet end (110) to the outlet end (120), and the diameter of each combustion cylinder (200) increasing sequentially along the direction from the inlet end (110) to the outlet end (120), so that each combustion cylinder (200) is arranged in a partially nested manner along the direction from the inlet end (110) to the outlet end (120), and the first wedge-shaped pulverized coal thickening block (300) is arranged in the combustion cylinder (200) closest to the inlet end (110).

5. The burner according to claim 4, characterized in that, A second wedge-shaped coal powder thickener block (600) is provided on the inner wall of at least one of the combustion cylinders (200) except the one closest to the inlet end (110).

6. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a carrier medium channel (800) connected to the plasma generator (700), the carrier medium channel (800) being configured to supply ammonia carrier medium to the plasma generator (700), the carrier medium channel (800) being provided with a carrier flow regulating device (810) for controlling the flow rate of ammonia carrier medium in the carrier medium channel (800) and a carrier pressure regulating device (820) for controlling the pressure of ammonia carrier medium in the carrier medium channel (800).

7. The burner according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, In the longitudinal section of the combustion cylinder (200), the orientations of the ammonia fuel front outlet (310) and the ammonia fuel rear outlet (320) intersect with the axial direction of the combustion cylinder (200) respectively. In the cross-section of the combustion chamber (200), the orientations of the ammonia fuel front outlet (310) and the ammonia fuel rear outlet (320) intersect with the radial inclination of the combustion chamber (200), respectively.

8. The burner according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the longitudinal section of the combustion cylinder (200), the angle between the orientation of the front outlet (310) of the ammonia fuel and the axial direction of the combustion cylinder (200) is greater than or equal to 20° and less than 90°, and the angle between the orientation of the rear outlet (320) of the ammonia fuel and the axial direction of the combustion cylinder (200) is greater than or equal to 20° and less than 90°. In the cross-section of the combustion chamber (200), the angle between the orientation of the ammonia fuel front outlet (310) and the radial direction of the combustion chamber (200) is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 60°, and the angle between the orientation of the ammonia fuel rear outlet (320) and the radial direction of the combustion chamber (200) is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 60°.

9. The burner according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The outlet end (120) of the pulverized coal channel (100) is covered by a perimeter air channel (900), and an annular cavity for conveying perimeter air to the perimeter of the outlet end (120) of the pulverized coal channel (100) is formed between the perimeter air channel (900) and the outlet end (120) of the pulverized coal channel (100).

10. A combustion system, characterized in that, include: Furnace; The burner is the burner as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the outlet end (120) of the pulverized coal channel (100) of the burner is connected to the furnace.

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