A quenching device for a medical waste high-temperature pyrolysis incineration system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to medical waste treatment technical field especially for a kind of quenching device for medical waste high-temperature pyrolysis incineration system, including flue and for flue gas cooling two-stage heat exchanger, the flue gas inlet and flue gas outlet of two-stage heat exchanger are connected with flue and outlet flue respectively, when flue gas in flue passes through flue gas inlet and enters two-stage heat exchanger, two-stage heat exchanger can make flue gas temperature sudden drop, avoid dioxin's heavy generation interval;Through the design of two-stage heat exchanger three pipe passes and baffle, the 500-800 ℃ flue gas generated by incineration is rapidly dropped to below 200 ℃, avoid dioxin's core generation interval, effectively reduce dioxin's secondary generation, primary heat exchanger is heated to 90 ℃ or so to normal temperature (10-35 ℃) water, provides 85-95 ℃ high-temperature hot water for two-stage heat exchanger, avoid low-temperature working substance and heat exchange surface contact, to prevent acidic condensation caused low-temperature corrosion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of medical waste treatment technology, specifically relating to a quenching device for a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration system for medical waste. Background Technology

[0002] Medical waste, as a special type of hazardous waste, contains a variety of components such as discarded syringes, surgical dressings, and infectious tissues. It carries a large number of pathogenic microorganisms, and some components are prone to releasing toxic and harmful substances during degradation. If medical waste is discharged directly or simply landfilled without proper treatment, it can easily cause soil pollution, groundwater pollution, and even public health and safety incidents through respiratory droplets and contact transmission. Therefore, the harmless treatment of medical waste is one of the core needs in the fields of environmental protection and public health.

[0003] Currently, high-temperature pyrolysis incineration technology has become the mainstream technology for the harmless treatment of medical waste because it can completely decompose organic matter and inactivate pathogens in medical waste at high temperatures of 800-1200℃. However, this technology generates high-temperature flue gas at temperatures as high as 800-1000℃ during operation. This flue gas not only contains particulate matter and acidic gases, but also poses a risk of generating dioxin-like pollutants. Dioxins are a class of persistent organic pollutants with strong toxicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity. Their formation is clearly temperature-sensitive. In the temperature range of 250-400℃, chlorinated hydrocarbons in the flue gas are prone to recombination under the catalysis of metal oxides, leading to the large-scale generation of dioxins, which poses a serious threat to the surrounding atmospheric environment and human health.

[0004] Therefore, in response to the flue gas treatment needs of high-temperature pyrolysis incineration systems for medical waste, developing a rapid cooling device that can quickly cool the flue gas and effectively shorten its residence time in the 250-400℃ temperature range has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, this invention provides a rapid cooling device for a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration system for medical waste. This device rapidly cools the high-temperature flue gas to suppress dioxin formation, while simultaneously utilizing waste heat to increase the temperature of the feedwater entering the heat exchanger, thus preventing low-temperature corrosion of the heated surfaces.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a rapid cooling device for a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration system for medical waste, comprising a flue and a secondary heat exchanger for cooling the flue gas. The flue gas inlet and flue gas outlet of the secondary heat exchanger are respectively connected to the flue and the flue outlet pipe. When the flue gas in the flue enters the secondary heat exchanger through the flue gas inlet, the secondary heat exchanger can cause the flue gas temperature to drop sharply, avoiding the dioxin regeneration zone.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the quenching device for a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration system for medical waste according to this utility model, the outlet of the secondary heat exchanger is provided with a primary heat exchanger, a circulating cooling tower, and a resource transfer station. The water effluent from the secondary heat exchanger passes through the primary heat exchanger and selectively enters the interior of the circulating cooling tower or the resource transfer station.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the quenching device for a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration system for medical waste, the working fluid cooled by the circulating cooling tower or processed by the resource transfer station is preheated by the primary heat exchanger and then transported to the inlet of the secondary heat exchanger to form a working fluid circulation loop.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the quenching device for a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration system for medical waste, after the working fluid is preheated by the primary heat exchanger, the temperature of the working fluid entering the secondary heat exchanger is not lower than 85°C.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the rapid cooling device for a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration system for medical waste according to this utility model, the secondary heat exchanger is used to rapidly reduce the flue gas entering the secondary heat exchanger at 500-800°C to below 200°C.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the quenching device for a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration system for medical waste according to this utility model, the interior of the secondary heat exchanger is symmetrically fixed with mounting plates, several sets of heat exchange tubes are installed between the two sets of mounting plates, a partition is installed between the mounting plates and the inner wall of the secondary heat exchanger, and the partition divides the multiple sets of heat exchange tubes into three stages of tube passes, and the heat exchange tubes are stacked vertically in close-packed arrangement.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the quenching device for a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration system for medical waste according to this utility model, a number of semi-circular baffles are fixed inside the secondary heat exchanger perpendicular to the tube axis, and the directions of the baffle notches alternate sequentially.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] 1. By designing a three-stage tube-side and baffle plate in a two-stage heat exchanger, the flue gas generated by combustion at 500-800℃ is rapidly reduced to below 200℃, avoiding the core formation range of dioxins and effectively reducing the secondary formation of dioxins.

[0015] 2. The primary heat exchanger heats room temperature (10-35℃) water to about 90℃, providing 85-95℃ high-temperature hot water to the secondary heat exchanger. This avoids contact between the low-temperature working fluid and the heat exchange surface, thus preventing low-temperature corrosion caused by acid condensation. At the same time, the primary heat exchanger is preheated through the outlet water of the secondary heat exchanger, without the need for external auxiliary heat supply.

[0016] 3. The instrument controller receives monitoring signals in real time and automatically adjusts the frequency of the variable frequency circulating water pump and the opening of the flow control valve to ensure stable cooling and preheating effects; the energy self-sufficiency design reduces reliance on external equipment and lowers the risk of vehicle system failure. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the two-stage heat exchanger in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the secondary heat exchanger in this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the partition plate of this utility model;

[0022] In the picture:

[0023] 1. Flue; 2. Secondary heat exchanger; 21. Ash removal port; 22. Heat exchange tube; 23. Baffle plate; 24. Flue gas inlet; 25. Flue gas outlet; 26. Water inlet; 27. Water outlet; 28. Baffle plate; 29. ​​Mounting plate; 3. Primary heat exchanger; 4. Flue gas outlet pipe; 5. Circulating water pump; 6. Instrument controller; 7. Circulating cooling tower; 8. Resource transfer station. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] As shown in the figure - Figure 4 As shown:

[0026] A rapid cooling device for a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration system for medical waste includes a flue 1 and a secondary heat exchanger 2 for cooling the flue gas in the flue 1. The flue gas inlet 24 and the flue gas outlet 25 of the secondary heat exchanger 2 are respectively connected to the flue 1 and the flue gas outlet pipe 4. When the flue gas in the flue 1 enters the secondary heat exchanger 2 through the flue gas inlet 24, the secondary heat exchanger 2 can cause the flue gas temperature to drop rapidly, avoiding the regeneration range of dioxins.

[0027] In this implementation plan: Dioxin formation is not limited to the high-temperature incineration stage. The more critical "secondary formation" occurs in the 250℃-400℃ range. At this temperature, the unburned carbon and chlorine elements in the flue gas will recombine into dioxins under the catalysis of heavy metals in fly ash. During the incineration of medical waste, high-temperature flue gas will be generated and enter the flue gas channel of the secondary heat exchanger 2 through flue 1. It will exchange heat with the high-temperature hot water (85-95℃) inside the working fluid channel, causing the flue gas temperature to drop rapidly to below 200℃, avoiding the dioxin formation range (250-400℃), effectively reducing the formation of dioxins. Finally, the cooled flue gas will be discharged through the flue pipe 4.

[0028] Furthermore;

[0029] In an optional embodiment, the outlet 27 of the secondary heat exchanger 2 is provided with a primary heat exchanger 3, a circulating cooling tower 7, and a resource transfer station 8. The water effluent from the secondary heat exchanger 2 passes through the primary heat exchanger 3 and selectively enters the interior of the circulating cooling tower 7 or the resource transfer station 8.

[0030] In this implementation plan: When the mobile vehicle-mounted medical waste high-temperature pyrolysis system requires hot water resources locally, the outlet water (60℃) of the primary heat exchanger 3 is guided to the resource transfer station 8 through the valve body for user use. When resource utilization is not required locally, the outlet water (60℃) of the primary heat exchanger 3 is introduced into the circulating cooling tower 7 through the three-way valve for cooling and temperature reduction, reducing the high-temperature hot water to about 35℃. The water utilized by the resource transfer station 8 or the water cooled by the circulating cooling tower 7 (35℃) will be transported to the working fluid side inlet of the primary heat exchanger 3 through the circulating water pump 5 to form a working fluid circulation.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, the working fluid cooled by the circulating cooling tower 7 or processed by the resource transfer station 8 is preheated by the primary heat exchanger 3 and then transported to the inlet 26 of the secondary heat exchanger 2 to form a working fluid circulation loop. After exchanging heat with the high-temperature flue gas, the working fluid on the secondary heat exchanger 2 is heated to about 140°C and enters the hot side of the primary heat exchanger 3 through the outlet 27, where the water at room temperature of 10-35°C is heated to about 90°C. The secondary heat exchanger 2 provides high-temperature hot water, avoiding low-temperature corrosion of the secondary heat exchanger 2.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, after the working fluid is preheated by the primary heat exchanger 3, the temperature of the working fluid entering the secondary heat exchanger 2 is not lower than 85°C, so that the cooling medium entering the working fluid side is higher than the flue gas dew point, effectively avoiding low-temperature corrosion of the heated surface.

[0033] In an optional embodiment, the secondary heat exchanger 2 is used to rapidly reduce the temperature of flue gas entering the secondary heat exchanger 2 from 500-800°C to below 200°C, avoiding the dioxin formation range (250-400°C) and effectively reducing dioxin formation.

[0034] It should be noted that: temperature transmitters and flow meters are installed at the inlet and outlet water ends of the flue gas inlet and outlet of the secondary heat exchanger 2 and the primary heat exchanger 3, and a flow control valve is installed near the pipeline of each flow meter; the flow meters and the temperature transmitters are all communicatively connected to the instrument controller 6; the circulating water pump 5 is a variable frequency pump; the instrument controller 6 can adjust its variable frequency and the opening of the flow control valve; the temperature transmitters actually monitor the flue gas inlet and outlet temperatures and the working fluid inlet and outlet temperatures; the flow meters monitor the working fluid flow rate; the instrument controller 6 can adjust the variable frequency of the circulating water pump 5 and the opening of the flow control valve according to the monitoring data to ensure stable cooling effect.

[0035] Furthermore;

[0036] In an optional embodiment, mounting plates 29 are symmetrically fixed inside the secondary heat exchanger 2, and several sets of heat exchange tubes 22 are installed between the two sets of mounting plates 29. A partition 28 is installed between the mounting plates 29 and the inner wall of the secondary heat exchanger 2, and the partition 28 divides the multiple sets of heat exchange tubes 22 into three stages of tube passes, and the heat exchange tubes 22 are stacked vertically in close-packed arrangement.

[0037] In this implementation scheme: when the flue gas enters the secondary heat exchanger 2, it flows from the left heat exchange tube 22 to the right heat exchange tube 22 under the guidance of the baffle 28, increasing the contact time with the working fluid, improving heat exchange efficiency, and accelerating the cooling speed of the flue gas, achieving the effect of rapidly cooling from 500℃ to below 200℃. When the flue gas has a high dust content, the dust easily adheres to the tube wall surface. Due to the vertical arrangement of the tubes, when cleaning, the baffle 28 is removed, and then mechanical vibration or compressed air blowing is used. The dust can fall naturally in the vertical direction without additional guidance, making the cleaning more thorough and avoiding dust accumulation. In addition, the densely packed tube design with vertical stacking integrates the heat exchange tubes 22 in the same vertical space, reducing the horizontal occupied area and facilitating the arrangement of vehicle-mounted equipment.

[0038] It should be noted that: the bottom of the secondary heat exchanger 2 is provided with a cleaning port 21, and the surface of the cleaning port 21 is provided with a cleaning door. After the secondary heat exchanger 2 has been running for a period of time, the cleaning door of the cleaning port 21 is opened, and the accumulated ash on the heat exchange tube 22 and the baffle plate 23 is blown away by high-pressure air to maintain the heat exchange efficiency.

[0039] In an optional embodiment, several sets of semi-circular baffles 23 are fixed inside the secondary heat exchanger 2 perpendicular to the tube axis, and the notch directions of the baffles 23 are alternated in sequence, so that the fluid inside the secondary heat exchanger 2 meanders through the tube bundle, ensuring that the fluid distribution in the shell side is more uniform and the heat transfer efficiency is more stable.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A quenching device for a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration system for medical waste, characterized in that: It includes a flue (1) and a secondary heat exchanger (2) for cooling the flue gas in the flue (1). The flue gas inlet (24) and flue gas outlet (25) of the secondary heat exchanger (2) are connected to the flue (1) and the flue gas outlet (4) respectively. When the flue gas in the flue (1) enters the secondary heat exchanger (2) through the flue gas inlet (24), the secondary heat exchanger (2) can make the flue gas temperature drop sharply, avoiding the dioxin regeneration zone. The outlet (27) of the secondary heat exchanger (2) is equipped with a primary heat exchanger (3), a circulating cooling tower (7) and a resource transfer station (8). The water from the secondary heat exchanger (2) passes through the primary heat exchanger (3) and selectively enters the interior of the circulating cooling tower (7) or the resource transfer station (8). The working fluid cooled by the circulating cooling tower (7) or processed by the resource transfer station (8) is preheated by the primary heat exchanger (3) and then transported to the inlet (26) of the secondary heat exchanger (2) to form a working fluid circulation loop.

2. The quenching device for a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration system for medical waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the working fluid is preheated by the primary heat exchanger (3), the temperature of the working fluid entering the secondary heat exchanger (2) is not lower than 85°C.

3. The quenching device for a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration system for medical waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary heat exchanger (2) is used to rapidly reduce the temperature of flue gas entering the secondary heat exchanger (2) from 500-800°C to below 200°C.

4. The quenching device for the medical waste high-temperature pyrolysis incineration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the secondary heat exchanger (2) is symmetrically fixed with mounting plates (29), and several sets of heat exchange tubes (22) are installed between the two sets of mounting plates (29). A partition (28) is installed between the mounting plate (29) and the inner wall of the secondary heat exchanger (2), and the partition (28) divides the multiple sets of heat exchange tubes (22) into three stages of tube passes, and the heat exchange tubes (22) are stacked vertically in close-packed arrangement.

5. The quenching device for a high-temperature pyrolysis incineration system for medical waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: The secondary heat exchanger (2) has several sets of semi-circular baffles (23) fixed inside perpendicular to the tube axis, and the notch directions of the baffles (23) alternate sequentially.

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