A boiler horizontal air preheater anti-accumulation device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of boiler horizontal air preheater anti-ash device, it is related to the field of boiler auxiliary equipment, for solving the problem of difficult removal of strongly adhering ash on heat exchange tube inner wall.It includes shell, heat exchange tube, first air storehouse, second air storehouse, first air storehouse inner baffle is divided into two chambers, first chamber push plate is connected telescopic link, push plate is set with the corresponding insertion tube of heat exchange tube one by one;Second air storehouse bottom is equipped with collecting hopper, each pipeline is equipped with control valve.Working, telescopic link drives insertion tube and heat exchange tube sealed butt joint, dry steam is directly rushed to heat exchange tube inner wall through insertion tube, concentrated impact force breaks strongly adhering ash;Ash and slag is discharged through collecting hopper after being washed down and being guided by flow guide plate.This device can accurately direct blowing, completely remove stubborn ash, and is good, does not leak, does not affect normal heat exchange, adapts existing equipment, and the transformation cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of auxiliary equipment for circulating fluidized bed boilers, and in particular to an anti-ash accumulation device for a horizontal air preheater of a boiler. Background Technology

[0002] The horizontal air preheater is an important device in the boiler system for realizing heat exchange between flue gas and air. Its multiple sets of heat exchange tubes transfer heat through the tube walls, so that the cold air is heated and enters the furnace to assist combustion, while the flue gas temperature is reduced and then discharged.

[0003] In actual operation, dust easily accumulates on the inner wall of the heat exchange tube. The main reasons include: after the fly ash particles in the flue gas enter the heat exchange tube with the airflow, the condensate formed due to the low temperature of the tube wall adheres to the tube wall and sticks the fly ash; after long-term operation, these ash deposits will gradually thicken, resulting in a reduction in the flow area of ​​the heat exchange tube, which not only reduces the heat exchange efficiency, but also causes blockage inside the tube in severe cases, affecting the normal operation of the boiler.

[0004] Currently used cleaning methods have many shortcomings: the nozzles of traditional steam purging devices are not tightly connected to the heat exchange tubes, making steam prone to leakage, resulting in insufficient purging force and difficulty in removing deep-seated ash; when switching between cleaning and normal heat exchange states, multiple valves need to be manually operated, which is cumbersome and affects the continuous operation of the boiler; in addition, the ash and slag blown down are not collected in time and are prone to scattering, causing secondary pollution.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design an anti-ash accumulation device that can achieve efficient sealing and connection, rapid state switching, and easy ash collection to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the technical problems existing in the background art, this utility model proposes an anti-ash accumulation device for a horizontal air preheater of a boiler.

[0007] This utility model proposes a boiler horizontal air preheater anti-ash accumulation device, comprising a shell and multiple sets of heat exchange tubes, characterized in that:

[0008] The two ends of the multiple sets of heat exchange tubes are respectively connected to a first gas chamber and a second gas chamber;

[0009] The first gas chamber is provided with a partition, which divides the first gas chamber into a first chamber away from the heat exchange tube and a second chamber close to the heat exchange tube;

[0010] A push plate is slidably connected to the first chamber, and a telescopic rod is installed on the outer wall of the first air chamber. The output end of the telescopic rod is connected to the push plate to drive it to move axially.

[0011] Multiple sets of insert tubes are fixed on the side of the push plate near the heat exchange tube. Each insert tube corresponds to a heat exchange tube and is axially aligned. The fixed end of each insert tube is connected to the first chamber, and the free end extends through the partition to the second chamber.

[0012] When the telescopic rod retracts, the main body of the insertion tube is housed in the first chamber and the free end remains in the second chamber; when the telescopic rod extends, the insertion tube is sealed and connected to the corresponding heat exchange tube.

[0013] The first chamber is connected to a first pipe, the second chamber is connected to a second pipe, the second air chamber is connected to a third pipe and has a collection hopper at the bottom, and the bottom of the collection hopper is connected to a fourth pipe;

[0014] Control valves are installed on the first, second, third and fourth pipes.

[0015] Preferably, the control valves of the first pipeline and the fourth pipeline are opened and closed in tandem, and the control valves of the second pipeline and the third pipeline are opened and closed in tandem.

[0016] Preferably, the pusher plate is sealed to the inner wall of the first air chamber.

[0017] Preferably, the diameter of the insertion tube gradually decreases along the direction from the first air chamber to the second air chamber.

[0018] Preferably, an elastic sealing ring is fitted on the outer wall of the free end of the insertion tube, and the outer diameter of the elastic sealing ring is adapted to the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube.

[0019] Preferably, the end of the first pipe away from the first chamber is connected to a steam superheater, and the outlet pressure of the steam superheater is not less than 2.1 MPa.

[0020] Preferably, a guide ring is embedded in the edge of the push plate, and the guide ring slides in contact with the inner wall of the first air chamber.

[0021] Preferably, the second gas chamber is provided with a guide plate, which is located between the outlet end of the heat exchange tube and the third pipe and is inclined towards the collection hopper.

[0022] The ash accumulation prevention device for a horizontal air preheater of a boiler proposed in this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The telescopic rod drives the insertion tube to seal and connect with the heat exchange tubes one-to-one, allowing dry steam to directly and precisely penetrate the inner wall of the heat exchange tubes, avoiding the "ineffective purging" problem caused by steam dispersion or leakage during traditional purging. Especially effective against strongly adhering ash deposits formed by low-temperature condensation and long-term deposition, the directional injection of dry steam concentrates its impact force on the ash surface, effectively breaking down the adhesion between the ash layer and the tube wall, thoroughly flushing away deep-seated and stubborn ash from the tube wall. Compared to traditional non-connecting purging, the ash removal rate is significantly improved. The sealing cooperation between the elastic sealing ring and the push plate greatly reduces steam leakage and improves energy utilization. The collection hopper and guide plate ensure that the ash generated during purging can be collected and discharged in a timely manner, avoiding secondary pollution. This system can be directly retrofitted onto existing horizontal air preheaters, with low retrofitting costs and wide applicability.

[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when the second and third pipes are connected.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the present invention when the first pipe and the fourth pipe are connected.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the push plate and insertion tube in this utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the insert tube and the heat exchange tube are connected in this utility model;

[0030] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Shell; 101. Heat exchange tube; 2. First gas chamber; 201. First cavity; 202. Second cavity; 203. Partition plate; 204. First pipe; 205. Second pipe; 3. Push plate; 301. Inserted tube; 302. Telescopic rod; 4. Second gas chamber; 401. Collection hopper; 402. Third pipe; 403. Fourth pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar symbols denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0032] like Figures 1-5 The illustrated device for preventing ash accumulation in a horizontal air preheater of a boiler includes a shell 1 and multiple sets of heat exchange tubes 101. The two ends of each heat exchange tube 101 are connected to a first air chamber 2 and a second air chamber 4, respectively. A partition 203 is provided inside the first air chamber 2, dividing it into a first chamber 201 away from the heat exchange tubes 101 and a second chamber 202 closer to the heat exchange tubes 101. A push plate 3 is slidably connected inside the first chamber 201. A telescopic rod 302 is installed on the outer wall of the first air chamber 2, and its output end is connected to the push plate 3 to drive the push plate 3 to move axially. Multiple sets of insert tubes 301 are fixed to the side of the push plate 3 near the heat exchange tubes 101. Each insert tube 301 corresponds to one heat exchange tube 101 and is axially aligned. The fixed end of each insert tube 301 is connected to the first chamber 201, and its free end extends through the partition 203 to the second chamber 202. When the telescopic rod 302 retracts, the main body of the insertion tube 301 is housed in the first chamber 201, while the free end remains in the second chamber 202. When the telescopic rod 302 extends, the insertion tube 301 is sealed and connected to the corresponding heat exchange tube 101. The first chamber 201 is connected to the first pipe 204, the second chamber 202 is connected to the second pipe 205, the second air chamber 4 is connected to the third pipe 402, and a collection hopper 401 is provided at the bottom. The bottom of the collection hopper 401 is connected to the fourth pipe 403. Control valves are provided on the first pipe 204, the second pipe 205, the third pipe 402, and the fourth pipe 403.

[0033] As a further improvement of this utility model, the control valves of the first pipeline 204 and the fourth pipeline 403 are linked to open and close, and the control valves of the second pipeline 205 and the third pipeline 402 are linked to open and close, so as to realize the rapid switching between the two working states.

[0034] As a further improvement of this utility model, the push plate 3 is sealed to the inner wall of the first air chamber 2 to prevent steam or air leakage.

[0035] The diameter of the insertion tube 301 gradually decreases from the first gas chamber 2 to the second gas chamber 4, thereby increasing the impact force during steam purging.

[0036] An elastic sealing ring is fitted on the outer wall of the free end of the insertion tube 301. The outer diameter of the elastic sealing ring is adapted to the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube 101, thereby improving the sealing performance when the insertion tube 301 and the heat exchange tube 101 are connected.

[0037] As a further improvement of this utility model, a steam superheater is connected to the end of the first pipe 204 away from the first chamber 201. The outlet pressure of the steam superheater is not less than 2.1 MPa to ensure the purging effect.

[0038] As a further improvement of this utility model, a guide ring is embedded on the edge of the push plate 3, and the guide ring slides in cooperation with the inner wall of the first air chamber 2, so that the push plate 3 moves more smoothly.

[0039] The second gas chamber 4 is equipped with a guide plate, which is located between the outlet end of the heat exchange tube 101 and the third pipe 402, and is inclined towards the collection hopper 401 to guide the ash and slag to fall into the collection hopper 401.

[0040] In this embodiment, during operation:

[0041] This device has two operating states, which are switched through the coordinated operation of the control valve and the telescopic rod 302:

[0042] 1. Normal heat exchange state: Close the control valves of the first pipe 204 and the fourth pipe 403, and open the control valves of the second pipe 205 and the third pipe 402; control the telescopic rod 302 to retract, so that the insertion tube 301 separates from the heat exchange tube 101. At this time, cold air enters the second chamber 202 through the second pipe 205, flows through the heat exchange tube 101 for heat exchange and becomes hot air, and is discharged to the boiler combustion system through the third pipe 402.

[0043] 2. Dust Accumulation Prevention and Cleaning Status: Close the control valves of the second pipe 205 and the third pipe 402, and open the control valves of the first pipe 204 and the fourth pipe 403; extend the telescopic rod 302 to seal the insertion tube 301 with the heat exchange tube 101. At this time, high-temperature and high-pressure steam enters the first chamber 201 through the first pipe 204, and enters the heat exchange tube 101 through the insertion tube 301 to purge the dust accumulated on the inner wall; the dust generated by the purging enters the second gas chamber 4 under the push of the steam, falls into the collection hopper 401 through the guide plate, and is finally discharged through the fourth pipe 403.

[0044] It should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0045] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0046] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A device for preventing ash accumulation in a horizontal air preheater of a boiler, comprising a shell (1) and multiple sets of heat exchange tubes (101), characterized in that: The two ends of the multiple sets of heat exchange tubes (101) are respectively connected to the first gas chamber (2) and the second gas chamber (4); The first gas chamber (2) is provided with a partition (203), which divides the first gas chamber (2) into a first chamber (201) away from the heat exchange tube (101) and a second chamber (202) close to the heat exchange tube (101). A push plate (3) is slidably connected inside the first chamber (201), and a telescopic rod (302) is installed on the outer wall of the first air chamber (2). The output end of the telescopic rod (302) is connected to the push plate (3) to drive it to move axially. The push plate (3) has multiple sets of insert tubes (301) fixed on the side near the heat exchange tube (101). The insert tubes (301) correspond one-to-one with the heat exchange tubes (101) and are axially aligned. The fixed end of the insert tube (301) is connected to the first chamber (201), and the free end extends through the partition (203) to the second chamber (202). When the telescopic rod (302) retracts, the main body of the insertion tube (301) is housed in the first chamber (201) and the free end remains in the second chamber (202); when the telescopic rod (302) extends, the insertion tube (301) is sealed and connected to the corresponding heat exchange tube (101). The first chamber (201) is connected to a first pipe (204), the second chamber (202) is connected to a second pipe (205), the second air chamber (4) is connected to a third pipe (402) and has a collection hopper (401) at the bottom, and the bottom of the collection hopper (401) is connected to a fourth pipe (403). Control valves are provided on the first pipe (204), the second pipe (205), the third pipe (402) and the fourth pipe (403).

2. The anti-ash accumulation device for a horizontal air preheater of a boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control valves of the first pipeline (204) and the fourth pipeline (403) are linked to open and close, and the control valves of the second pipeline (205) and the third pipeline (402) are linked to open and close.

3. The anti-ash accumulation device for a horizontal air preheater of a boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push plate (3) is sealed to the inner wall of the first air chamber (2).

4. The anti-ash accumulation device for a horizontal air preheater of a boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the insertion tube (301) gradually decreases along the direction from the first gas chamber (2) to the second gas chamber (4).

5. The anti-ash accumulation device for a horizontal air preheater of a boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the free end of the insertion tube (301) is fitted with an elastic sealing ring, the outer diameter of which is adapted to the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube (101).

6. The anti-ash accumulation device for a horizontal air preheater of a boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the first pipe (204) away from the first chamber (201) is connected to a steam superheater, and the outlet pressure of the steam superheater is not less than 2.1 MPa.

7. The anti-ash accumulation device for a horizontal air preheater of a boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge of the push plate (3) is fitted with a guide ring, which slides in conjunction with the inner wall of the first air chamber (2).

8. The anti-ash accumulation device for a horizontal air preheater of a boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second gas chamber (4) is provided with a guide plate, which is located between the outlet end of the heat exchange tube (101) and the third pipe (402) and is inclined towards the collection hopper (401).

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