A testing fixture for a universal testing machine
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521732061.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-08-14
AI Technical Summary
[0005]针对现有技术的不足，本申请提供了一种万能试验机用测试夹具，克服了现有技术的不足，旨在解决在对钢筋、钢丝、塑料、橡胶等不同类型或不同强度的材料进行试验过程中，由于待测材料不同，尺径不同，为了确保材料在检测时的夹持效果，并避免材料夹具出现损坏，需要针对不同的材料频繁进行夹具更换，这不仅降低了测试效率，还增加了操作复杂度的问题
1.测试前，将待检测的材料的两端分别置于两组夹持机构之间，启动两组往复电机，往复电机驱动主动锥齿轮转动，进而带动两组从动锥齿轮和螺杆旋转，使移动座在螺杆外表面的螺纹作用下位移，从而调节两组夹持块之间的距离，对钢筋、钢丝、塑料、橡胶等不同类型的材料均可有效夹持，同时，在两组夹持块相对面的V型槽作用下，可以对不同尺径材料的夹持，且只需要控制往复电机即可完成对不同材料实验时进行夹持，提高了测试效率，降低了操作复杂度。
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Figure CN224758211U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of universal testing machine technology, and in particular to a test fixture for a universal testing machine. Background Technology
[0002] A universal testing machine is a precision instrument used for testing the mechanical properties of materials. It can perform various tests on metal and non-metal materials (such as plastics, rubber, and composite materials), including tensile, compression, bending, shearing, and peeling.
[0003] In the process of testing different types or strengths of materials such as steel bars, steel wires, plastics, and rubber, due to the different materials and diameters, it is necessary to frequently change the clamps for different materials in order to ensure the clamping effect during testing and to avoid damage to the material clamps. This not only reduces testing efficiency but also increases operational complexity.
[0004] Therefore, this application provides a test fixture for a universal testing machine. Utility Model Content
[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this application provides a test fixture for a universal testing machine, which overcomes the deficiencies of existing technologies. It aims to solve the problem that in the process of testing different types or materials of different strengths, such as steel bars, steel wires, plastics, and rubber, due to the different materials and diameters to be tested, it is necessary to frequently change the fixture for different materials in order to ensure the clamping effect during testing and to avoid damage to the material fixture. This not only reduces testing efficiency but also increases operational complexity.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: a test fixture for a universal testing machine, comprising a chassis base, with columns fixedly installed at the four corners of the top of the chassis base, a top plate fixedly installed at the top of the four sets of columns, a top hydraulic cylinder fixedly installed at the top of the top plate, an upper movable plate fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the top hydraulic cylinder, a bottom hydraulic cylinder fixedly installed at the top of the chassis base, a lower movable plate fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the bottom hydraulic cylinder, and clamping mechanisms provided on the opposite surfaces of the upper and lower movable plates, the clamping mechanism comprising a rectangular housing, the rectangular housing fixedly installed on the lower... At the top of the movable plate, two sets of screws are rotatably connected inside the rectangular housing. A connecting rod is fixedly installed between the two sets of screws. A driven bevel gear is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the screws. A reciprocating motor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rectangular housing. A driving bevel gear is fixedly installed at the output end of the reciprocating motor. The driving bevel gear is meshed with both sets of driven bevel gears. A movable seat is threadedly connected to the outer surface of both sets of screws. A movable rod is fixedly installed at the top of the movable seat. A clamping block is fixedly installed at the top of the movable rod extending above the rectangular housing. V-grooves are opened on the opposite surfaces of the two sets of clamping blocks.
[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, before testing, the two ends of the material to be tested are placed between two sets of clamping mechanisms. The two sets of reciprocating motors are started, and the reciprocating motors drive the active bevel gear to rotate, which in turn drives the two sets of driven bevel gears and screws to rotate. This causes the moving seat to move under the action of the threads on the outer surface of the screw, thereby adjusting the distance between the two sets of clamping blocks. Different types of materials such as steel bars, steel wires, plastics, and rubber can be effectively clamped. At the same time, under the action of the V-grooves on the opposite surfaces of the two sets of clamping blocks, materials of different diameters can be clamped. Moreover, only the reciprocating motor needs to be controlled to complete the clamping of different materials during the experiment, which improves the testing efficiency and reduces the operational complexity.
[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this application, pressure sensors are installed on the opposite surfaces of the two sets of clamping blocks, and a controller is fixedly installed on the front surface of the chassis base. The controller is electrically connected to the pressure sensors and the reciprocating motor.
[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the clamping force of the clamping block on the material can be monitored in real time by the pressure sensor, and the signal is fed back to the controller. The controller automatically controls the start and stop of the reciprocating motor according to the preset clamping force value of different types of materials, thereby accurately controlling the clamping force, improving the accuracy of test results and the protection effect of material clamping.
[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the front surface of the rectangular box base is provided with a cover plate, and screws are threaded to the four corners of the cover plate. The front surface of the rectangular box base is provided with mounting holes that match the two sets of screws.
[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the cover plate can be easily installed and separated from the rectangular box base through the cooperation of screws and mounting holes, which facilitates the maintenance and repair of the internal components of the rectangular box base.
[0012] As a preferred embodiment of this application, a rubber layer is fixedly installed on the opposite surfaces of both sets of clamping blocks, and the rubber layer is located on the outer periphery of the pressure sensor.
[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the friction between the clamping block and the material contact surface is increased by the rubber layer, which further improves the stability of clamping the material.
[0014] As a preferred technical solution of this application, four sets of sliding sleeves are fixedly installed inside the upper movable plate and the lower movable plate, and the sliding sleeves are slidably connected to the outer surface of the corresponding column.
[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, during testing, the upper and lower movable plates are displaced by the extension and retraction of the top and bottom hydraulic cylinders. The sliding sleeve design improves the stability of the upper and lower movable plates when sliding up and down along the four sets of columns, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the clamping mechanism.
[0016] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the thread directions of the two sets of screws are set in opposite directions.
[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, and by setting the thread directions of the two sets of screws in opposite directions, when the driving bevel gear rotates in conjunction with the two sets of driven bevel gears, the two sets of moving seats can move closer or further apart synchronously, thereby improving the adjustment efficiency of the two sets of clamping blocks.
[0018] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the top of the rectangular box base is provided with a guide groove, and both sets of movable rods are slidably connected in the guide groove, and the width of the guide groove is slightly larger than the width of the movable rod.
[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the guide groove can guide the displacement of the two sets of movable rods, thereby improving the stability of the displacement of the two sets of movable rods.
[0020] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the ends of the two sets of screws away from the connecting rod are rotatably connected to rotating seats, and the rotating seats are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the rectangular box base.
[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the smoothness of the screw during rotation is improved by using a rotating seat, thus enhancing its practicality in use.
[0022] The beneficial effects of this application are: 1. Before testing, place both ends of the material to be tested between the two sets of clamping mechanisms. Start the two sets of reciprocating motors. The reciprocating motors drive the active bevel gear to rotate, which in turn drives the two sets of driven bevel gears and the screw to rotate. This causes the moving seat to move under the action of the threads on the outer surface of the screw, thereby adjusting the distance between the two sets of clamping blocks. It can effectively clamp different types of materials such as steel bars, steel wires, plastics, and rubber. At the same time, under the action of the V-grooves on the opposite surfaces of the two sets of clamping blocks, materials of different diameters can be clamped. Moreover, only the reciprocating motor needs to be controlled to complete the clamping of different materials during the experiment, which improves the testing efficiency and reduces the operational complexity.
[0023] 2. The pressure sensor can monitor the clamping force of the clamping block on the material in real time and feed the signal back to the controller. The controller automatically controls the start and stop of the reciprocating motor according to the preset clamping force value for different types of materials, thereby accurately controlling the clamping force, improving the accuracy of test results and the protection effect of material clamping. Attached Figure Description
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of part of the clamping mechanism; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a rectangular box base; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.
[0025] In the diagram: 1. Chassis base; 2. Column; 3. Top plate; 4. Top hydraulic cylinder; 5. Upper movable plate; 6. Clamping mechanism; 601. Rectangular housing; 602. Screw; 603. Connecting rod; 604. Driven bevel gear; 605. Rotating seat; 606. Reciprocating motor; 607. Driven bevel gear; 608. Moving seat; 609. Movable rod; 610. Clamping block; 611. V-groove; 7. Bottom hydraulic cylinder; 8. Lower movable plate; 9. Pressure sensor; 10. Controller; 11. Cover plate; 12. Screw; 13. Mounting hole; 14. Sliding sleeve; 15. Guide groove; 16. Rubber layer. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0027] Reference Figure 1-4 A test fixture for a universal testing machine includes a chassis base 1. Columns 2 are fixedly installed at the four corners of the top of the chassis base 1. A top plate 3 is fixedly installed at the top of the four columns 2. A top hydraulic cylinder 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the top plate 3. An upper movable plate 5 is fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the top hydraulic cylinder 4. A bottom hydraulic cylinder 7 is fixedly installed on the top of the chassis base 1. A lower movable plate 8 is fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the bottom hydraulic cylinder 7. Clamping mechanisms 6 are provided on the opposite surfaces of the upper movable plate 5 and the lower movable plate 8. The clamping mechanism 6 includes a rectangular box base 601, which is fixedly installed on the top of the lower movable plate 8. Two sets of screws 602 are rotatably connected inside the rectangular box base 601. A connecting rod 603 is fixedly installed between the two sets of screws 602. A connecting rod 603 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the screws 602. The rectangular housing 601 is equipped with a driven bevel gear 604. A reciprocating motor 606 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rectangular housing 601. A driving bevel gear 607 is fixedly installed at the output end of the reciprocating motor 606. The driving bevel gear 607 is meshed with both sets of driven bevel gears 604. The outer surfaces of both sets of screws 602 are threaded with movable seats 608. A movable rod 609 is fixedly installed at the top of the movable seat 608. The top of the movable rod 609 extends to the top of the rectangular housing 601 and is fixedly installed with a clamping block 610. V-grooves 611 are opened on the opposite surfaces of both sets of clamping blocks 610. A cover plate 11 is provided on the front surface of the rectangular housing 601. Screws 12 are threadedly connected at the four corners of the cover plate 11. The front surface of the rectangular housing 601 is provided with mounting holes 13 that match the two sets of screws 12.
[0028] Before testing, the two ends of the material to be tested are placed between the two sets of clamping mechanisms 6. The two sets of reciprocating motors 606 are started. The reciprocating motors 606 drive the active bevel gear 607 to rotate, which in turn drives the two sets of driven bevel gears 604 and screws 602 to rotate. This causes the moving seat 608 to move under the action of the threads on the outer surface of the screw 602, thereby adjusting the distance between the two sets of clamping blocks 610. Different types of materials such as steel bars, steel wires, plastics, and rubber can be effectively clamped. At the same time, under the action of the V-groove 611 on the opposite surface of the two sets of clamping blocks 610, materials of different diameters can be clamped. Only the reciprocating motors 606 need to be controlled to complete the clamping of different materials during the experiment, which improves the testing efficiency and reduces the complexity of operation. Through the cooperation of screws 12 and mounting holes 13, the cover plate 11 can be easily installed and separated from the rectangular box base 601, which facilitates the maintenance and repair of the internal components of the rectangular box base 601.
[0029] Reference Figure 2-4 Pressure sensors 9 are installed on the opposite surfaces of the two sets of clamping blocks 610. A controller 10 is fixedly installed on the front surface of the chassis base 1. The controller 10 is electrically connected to the pressure sensors 9 and the reciprocating motor 606. A rubber layer 16 is fixedly installed on the opposite surfaces of the two sets of clamping blocks 610. The rubber layer 16 is located on the outer periphery of the pressure sensors 9. The pressure sensor 9 can monitor the clamping force of the clamping block 610 on the material in real time and feed the signal back to the controller 10. The controller 10 automatically controls the start and stop of the reciprocating motor 606 according to the preset clamping force value for different types of materials, thereby accurately controlling the clamping force, improving the accuracy of test results and the protection effect of material clamping; the rubber layer 16 increases the friction between the clamping block 610 and the material contact surface, further improving the stability of material clamping.
[0030] Reference Figure 1-3 The upper movable plate 5 and the lower movable plate 8 are each fixedly installed with four sets of sliding sleeves 14, and the sliding sleeves 14 are slidably connected to the outer surface of the corresponding column 2. The top of the rectangular box base 601 is provided with a guide groove 15, and the two sets of movable rods 609 are slidably connected in the guide groove 15, and the width of the guide groove 15 is slightly larger than the width of the movable rods 609. During the test, the upper movable plate 5 and the lower movable plate 8 are moved by the extension and retraction of the top hydraulic cylinder 4 and the bottom hydraulic cylinder 7. The setting of the sliding sleeves 14 improves the stability of the upper movable plate 5 and the lower movable plate 8 when sliding up and down along the four sets of columns 2, and improves the stability and reliability of the clamping mechanism 6. The guide groove 15 can guide the displacement of the two sets of movable rods 609, and improve the stability of the displacement of the two sets of movable rods 609.
[0031] Reference Figure 1-3The threads of the two sets of screws 602 are arranged in opposite directions; each end of the two sets of screws 602 away from the connecting rod 603 is rotatably connected to a rotating seat 605, and the rotating seat 605 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the rectangular box base 601; by arranging the threads of the two sets of screws 602 in opposite directions, when the driving bevel gear 607 rotates in conjunction with the two sets of driven bevel gears 604, the two sets of moving seats 608 can move closer or further apart synchronously, improving the adjustment efficiency of the two sets of clamping blocks 610; the rotating seat 605 improves the smoothness of the screws 602 during rotation, improving the practicality during use.
[0032] Working principle: Before testing, place both ends of the material to be tested between the two sets of clamping mechanisms 6. Start the two sets of reciprocating motors 606. The reciprocating motors 606 drive the driving bevel gear 607 to rotate, which in turn drives the two sets of driven bevel gears 604 and the screw 602 to rotate. This causes the moving seat 608 to move under the action of the thread on the outer surface of the screw 602, thereby adjusting the distance between the two sets of clamping blocks 610. It can effectively clamp different types of materials such as steel bars, steel wires, plastics, and rubber. At the same time, the V-shaped grooves on the opposite surfaces of the two sets of clamping blocks 610... Under the action of 611, materials of different diameters can be clamped, and only the reciprocating motor 606 needs to be controlled to complete the clamping of different materials during the experiment, which improves the testing efficiency and reduces the operation complexity. The pressure sensor 9 can monitor the clamping force of the clamping block 610 on the material in real time and feed the signal back to the controller 10. The controller 10 automatically controls the start and stop of the reciprocating motor 606 according to the preset value of the clamping force for different types of materials, thereby accurately controlling the clamping force, improving the accuracy of the test results and the protection effect of the material clamping. The screw 12 and the mounting hole 13 make it easy to install and separate the cover plate 11 from the rectangular box base 601, which facilitates the maintenance and repair of the internal components of the rectangular box base 601. The rubber layer 16 increases the friction between the clamping block 610 and the material contact surface, further improving the stability of material clamping. Meanwhile, during testing, the upper movable plate 5 and the lower movable plate 8 are displaced by the extension and retraction of the top hydraulic cylinder 4 and the bottom hydraulic cylinder 7. The sliding sleeve 14 improves the stability of the upper movable plate 5 and the lower movable plate 8 when sliding up and down along the four sets of columns 2, thus improving the stability and reliability of the clamping mechanism 6. By setting the thread directions of the two sets of screws 602 in opposite directions, when the driving bevel gear 607 is linked to the two sets of driven bevel gears 604 to rotate, the two sets of moving seats 608 can move closer or further apart synchronously, improving the adjustment efficiency of the two sets of clamping blocks 610. In addition, the guide groove 15 can guide the displacement of the two sets of movable rods 609, improving the stability of the displacement of the two sets of movable rods 609; the rotating seat 605 improves the smoothness of the screw 602 during rotation, improving its practicality in use.
[0033] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A test fixture for a universal testing machine comprising a machine base (1), characterised in that, The top of the chassis base (1) is fixedly installed with columns (2) at the four corners. The top of the four columns (2) is fixedly installed with a top plate (3). The top of the top plate (3) is fixedly installed with a top hydraulic cylinder (4). The telescopic end of the top hydraulic cylinder (4) is fixedly installed with an upper movable plate (5). The top of the chassis base (1) is fixedly installed with a bottom hydraulic cylinder (7). The telescopic end of the bottom hydraulic cylinder (7) is fixedly installed with a lower movable plate (8). The upper movable plate (5) and the lower movable plate (8) are both provided with clamping mechanisms (6). The clamping mechanism (6) includes a rectangular housing (601), which is fixedly installed on the top of the lower movable plate (8). Two sets of screws (602) are rotatably connected inside the rectangular housing (601), and a connecting rod (603) is fixedly installed between the two sets of screws (602). A driven bevel gear (604) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of each screw (602). A reciprocating motor (606) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rectangular housing (601), and the output end of the reciprocating motor (606)... A driving bevel gear (607) is fixedly installed, and the driving bevel gear (607) is meshed with two sets of driven bevel gears (604). The outer surfaces of the two sets of screws (602) are threaded with movable seats (608). A movable rod (609) is fixedly installed at the top of the movable seat (608). The top of the movable rod (609) extends to the top of the rectangular box base (601) and is fixedly installed with a clamping block (610). V-grooves (611) are opened on the opposite surfaces of the two sets of clamping blocks (610).
2. The test fixture for a universal testing machine according to claim 1, wherein Pressure sensors (9) are installed on the opposite surfaces of the two sets of clamping blocks (610), and a controller (10) is fixedly installed on the front surface of the chassis base (1). The controller (10) is electrically connected to the pressure sensors (9) and the reciprocating motor (606).
3. The test fixture for a universal testing machine of claim 1, wherein The rectangular box base (601) has a cover plate (11) on its front surface. Screws (12) are threaded to the four corners of the cover plate (11), and the rectangular box base (601) has mounting holes (13) that match the two sets of screws (12) on its front surface.
4. The test fixture for a universal testing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both sets of clamping blocks (610) have rubber layers (16) fixedly installed on their opposite surfaces, and the rubber layers (16) are located on the outer periphery of the pressure sensor (9).
5. A test fixture for a universal testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper movable plate (5) and the lower movable plate (8) are each fixedly installed with four sets of sliding sleeves (14), and the sliding sleeves (14) are slidably connected to the outer surface of the corresponding column (2).
6. A test fixture for a universal testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thread directions of the two sets of screws (602) are set in opposite directions.
7. A test fixture for a universal testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the rectangular box base (601) is provided with a guide groove (15), and both sets of movable rods (609) are slidably connected in the guide groove (15), and the width of the guide groove (15) is slightly larger than the width of the movable rod (609).
8. A test fixture for a universal testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both sets of screws (602) are rotatably connected to a rotating seat (605) at the end away from the connecting rod (603), and the rotating seat (605) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the rectangular box base (601).