Coal spontaneous combustion simulation device

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of coal spontaneous combustion simulation device, coal spontaneous combustion simulation device includes: shell and air-permeable structure, shell has cavity, air-permeable structure divides cavity into roadway and coal seam structure;Coal seam structure is located at the outer periphery of roadway, coal seam structure is divided into coal pillar area and roof area by air-permeable structure, coal pillar area is arranged side by side with roadway, roof area is located above roadway and coal pillar area, roof area has experimental area, experimental area is correspondingly arranged with coal pillar area, the bottom of experimental area and the top of coal pillar area are used to place coal sample with fissure;Fan, fan is used to drive air to flow between roadway, coal pillar area and roof area. Through the technical scheme provided by the utility model, the problem that the natural ignition of the top coal in the narrow coal pillar in the prior art is mostly limited to computer numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, and the simulation is less realistic.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal spontaneous combustion simulation technology, and more specifically, to a coal spontaneous combustion simulation device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of coal mining technology and equipment in my country, the coal mining technology and methods in underground coal mines have undergone tremendous changes. In underground mining in my country, a considerable proportion of mining areas use the method of leaving wide coal pillars to protect the mining roadways. During the advance of the working face, the overlying roof is constantly fractured. The cutting disturbance of the coal mining machine and the sudden fracture of the hard roof will generate dynamic load disturbance on the narrow coal pillars in the roadway, causing the coal in the roof and narrow coal pillars to be crushed. Under sufficient oxygen supply and time effect, spontaneous combustion of the coal is easily triggered.

[0003] Currently, most domestic and international studies on spontaneous combustion of coal at the top of narrow coal pillars rely on theoretical analyses such as computer numerical simulations. While these methods can provide some predictions and analyses, they are mostly based on rough assumptions and limited field data, resulting in low simulation fidelity and affecting the efficiency and effectiveness of coal mine fire prevention. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a coal spontaneous combustion simulation device to solve the problem that most existing technologies for spontaneous combustion of coal at the top of narrow coal pillars rely on theoretical analysis such as computer numerical simulation, resulting in low simulation realism.

[0005] This utility model provides a coal spontaneous combustion simulation device, which includes: a shell and a permeable structure. The shell has a cavity, and the permeable structure is located inside the cavity, dividing the cavity into a roadway and a coal seam structure. The roadway has an air inlet and an air outlet arranged opposite to each other. The coal seam structure is located on the outer periphery of the roadway and is divided into a coal pillar area and a roof area by the permeable structure. The coal pillar area is arranged side by side with the roadway, and the roof area is located above the roadway and the coal pillar area. The roof area has an experimental area, which is arranged correspondingly to the coal pillar area. The bottom of the experimental area and the top of the coal pillar area are used to place coal samples with cracks. A fan is arranged at the air inlet and is used to drive air to flow between the roadway, the coal pillar area, and the roof area. A sensing module is arranged in the experimental area and the coal pillar area to collect temperature and gas parameters in the experimental area and the coal pillar area.

[0006] Furthermore, the particle size of the coal samples in the experimental area gradually decreased from the end near the coal pillar area toward the direction away from the coal pillar area.

[0007] Furthermore, the particle size of the coal sample within the coal pillar region gradually decreases from the end closest to the experimental area toward the direction furthest from the experimental area.

[0008] Furthermore, the permeable structure includes multiple permeable plates, which are arranged inside the cavity and divide the cavity into roadway, coal pillar area and roof area.

[0009] Furthermore, the multiple permeable plates include: a first screen plate having multiple first permeable holes, the first screen plate extending vertically, the top of the first screen plate abutting against the top wall of the shell, the bottom of the first screen plate abutting against the bottom of the shell, and the roadway and coal pillar areas located on both sides of the first screen plate; and a second screen plate having multiple second permeable holes, the second screen plate extending horizontally, the second screen plate intersecting with the first screen plate, the side walls of the second screen plate along the width direction of the roadway abutting against the side walls of the shell, and the roadway and coal pillar areas located below the second screen plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the shell includes a visual temperature sensing layer, which is set in correspondence with the experimental area and the coal pillar area. The visual temperature sensing layer is located on the top and side walls of the coal seam structure away from the roadway, and is used to detect temperature changes in the coal pillar area and the roof area.

[0011] Furthermore, the visual temperature sensing layer includes a visual temperature sensing glass and an infrared thermometer. The infrared thermometer is located outside the visual temperature sensing glass and is used to detect the temperature of the coal sample inside the visual temperature sensing glass.

[0012] Furthermore, the sensing module includes: a first sensing terminal, located in the experimental area, used to detect temperature and gas parameters in the experimental area; a second sensing terminal, located in the coal pillar area, used to detect temperature and gas parameters in the coal pillar area; and a third sensing terminal, located in the roadway, used to detect temperature and gas parameters in the roadway.

[0013] Furthermore, the sensing module also includes a gas and temperature analyzer and a computer terminal. The first sensing terminal, the second sensing terminal, and the third sensing terminal are all electrically connected to the gas and temperature analyzer, which is electrically connected to the computer terminal. The gas and temperature analyzer is used to receive the detection data from the first sensing terminal, the second sensing terminal, and the third sensing terminal and send it to the computer terminal.

[0014] Furthermore, the coal spontaneous combustion simulation device also includes multiple lifting components, which are respectively set at both ends of the shell along the length of the roadway to adjust the inclination angle of the roadway.

[0015] By applying the technical solution of this utility model, the shell is divided into a roadway and a coal seam structure through a permeable structure. Coal samples with cracks are placed at the bottom of the experimental area and the top of the coal pillar area. The cracks in the coal samples simulate the cracks that occur when the top of the coal pillar and the bottom of the roof where it contacts the coal pillar are crushed under pressure in an actual coal mine. By cooperating with the blower and the permeable structure, the airflow in the roadway of an actual coal mine can be simulated. The airflow enters the gaps between coal samples of different particle sizes in the coal pillar area and the roof area through the permeable plate, which causes the coal sample to undergo an oxidation reaction with the oxygen in the airflow. After the oxidation reaction releases heat, the temperature of the coal sample rises. When the coal sample reaches its ignition point, it will spontaneously combust. The temperature and gas parameters in the experimental area and the coal pillar area are collected by the sensing module throughout the process. Through the above settings, the coal seam structure can be simulated and data can be obtained on parameters such as structural changes, heat accumulation and distribution, and the formation and diffusion of ignition sources in the early stage of spontaneous combustion of coal pillars and roof after cracking. This can realistically restore the process and laws of spontaneous combustion after coal is fractured, thus more realistically simulating the spontaneous combustion phenomenon after the roof and coal pillars are fractured in coal mining operations. This helps workers to identify early signs of coal spontaneous combustion more quickly and provides a scientific basis for the formulation of fire early warning and prevention strategies. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the coal spontaneous combustion simulation device provided by this utility model is shown;

[0018] Figure 2 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the coal spontaneous combustion simulation device provided by this utility model is shown;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a portion of the coal seam structure provided by this utility model is shown.

[0020] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0021] 10. Lane; 101. Air inlet; 102. Air outlet;

[0022] 21. Coal pillar area; 22. Roof area; 221. Experimental zone; 222. Roof body;

[0023] 30. Fan;

[0024] 40. Housing; 41. Visual temperature-sensing glass; 42. Housing body;

[0025] 51. First sensor terminal; 52. Third sensor terminal; 53. Gas and temperature analyzer; 54. Computer terminal;

[0026] 60. Lifting assembly;

[0027] 71. First sieve plate; 72. Second sieve plate. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present utility model or its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this utility model embodiment provides a coal spontaneous combustion simulation device, which includes: a shell 40, a ventilated structure, a fan 30, and a sensing module. The shell 40 has a cavity, and the ventilated structure is located within the cavity, dividing the cavity into a tunnel 10 and a coal seam structure. The tunnel 10 has an air inlet 101 and an air outlet 102 arranged opposite to each other along its length. The coal seam structure is located on the outer periphery of roadway 10, extending along the length of the roadway. The coal seam structure is divided into a coal pillar region 21 and a roof region 22 by a permeable structure. The coal pillar region 21 is arranged side-by-side with roadway 10 along its width. The roof region 22 is located above roadway 10 and coal pillar region 21. The roof region 22 has an experimental zone 221, which corresponds to the coal pillar region 21. Both the bottom of the experimental zone 221 and the top of the coal pillar region 21 are used to place coal samples with cracks to simulate the crushing of coal in the roof and narrow coal pillars of an actual roadway. A blower 30 is located at the air inlet 101 and communicates with the cavity. The blower 30 drives air to flow between roadway 10, coal pillar region 21, and roof region 22. Some sensing modules are located within the experimental zone 221 and coal pillar region 21 to collect temperature and gas parameters within these areas.

[0030] The blower 30 can be configured as a fan to drive air from the air inlet 101 to the air outlet 102 and flow between the roadway 10, the coal pillar area 21 and the roof area 22 to simulate the real airflow inside the roadway.

[0031] In this embodiment, the roadway 10 is 10m long and has a cross-section of 1m x 1m. The coal seam structure is 6m long, and the widths of the coal pillar region 21 and the experimental zone 221 are both 0.7m. The gas parameters can be oxygen, carbon monoxide, ethylene, etc., and can be selected and adjusted according to the simulation requirements. The inner side and bottom of the coal seam structure are connected to the roadway. The ends, top, and side plates of the corresponding outer shell of the coal seam structure are all sealed to prevent air leakage and increase the realism of the simulation.

[0032] In other embodiments, the dimensions of the roadway 10 and the coal seam structure can be changed and adjusted according to actual working conditions.

[0033] In this embodiment, the cracked coal sample is simulated by placing coal samples of different particle sizes in the experimental area 221 and the coal pillar area 21, and the gaps between the particle sizes are used to simulate the cracks.

[0034] In other embodiments, a whole block of coal can be used to fracture or crush using a pressure device to simulate fractures.

[0035] In this application, the permeable structure is used to support the coal body and allow airflow, and most of the coal body will not pass through the permeable structure and fall off.

[0036] By applying the technical solution of this utility model, the shell is divided into a roadway and a coal seam structure through a permeable structure. Coal samples with cracks are placed at the bottom of the experimental area and the top of the coal pillar area. The cracks in the coal samples simulate the cracks that occur when the top of the coal pillar and the bottom of the roof where it contacts the coal pillar are crushed under pressure in an actual coal mine. By cooperating with the blower and the permeable structure, the airflow in the roadway of an actual coal mine can be simulated. The airflow enters the gaps between coal samples of different particle sizes in the coal pillar area and the roof area through the permeable plate, which causes the coal sample to undergo an oxidation reaction with the oxygen in the airflow. After the oxidation reaction releases heat, the temperature of the coal sample rises. When the coal sample reaches its ignition point, it will spontaneously combust. The temperature and gas parameters in the experimental area and the coal pillar area are collected by the sensing module throughout the process. Through the above settings, the coal seam structure can be simulated and data can be obtained on parameters such as structural changes, heat accumulation and distribution, and the formation and diffusion of ignition sources in the early stage of spontaneous combustion of coal pillars and roof after cracking. This can realistically restore the process and laws of spontaneous combustion after coal is fractured, thus more realistically simulating the spontaneous combustion phenomenon after the roof and coal pillars are fractured in coal mining operations. This helps workers to identify early signs of coal spontaneous combustion more quickly and provides a scientific basis for the formulation of fire early warning and prevention strategies.

[0037] Furthermore, the particle size of the coal samples in experimental zone 221 gradually decreases from the end near the coal pillar region 21 towards the region away from the coal pillar region 21. This particle size distribution design is intended to more realistically simulate the structural characteristics of the fractured coal body in the roof. In actual working conditions, the coal body is more fractured in the area where the roof contacts the coal pillar, while the coal body is relatively intact in the area away from the coal pillar. Therefore, in this application, the particle size of the coal body at the end near the coal pillar region 21 in experimental zone 221 is the largest, resulting in larger gaps between coal samples. In the area away from the coal pillar region 21, smaller particle size coal samples are used for simulation, resulting in smaller gaps between coal samples. By controlling the particle size distribution of the coal samples, the different degrees of damage at different locations within the roof can be realistically reproduced, improving the realism of the simulation.

[0038] In other embodiments, the influence factors of spontaneous combustion of coal at the contact position between the roof and the coal pillar under different geological conditions can be studied by adjusting the distribution pattern of coal sample size in the experimental area.

[0039] In this application, the coal in experimental zone 221 and coal pillar zone 21 is produced using briquette manufacturing technology. The original coal is crushed into powder, then a certain amount of binder is added, mixed and stirred with the crushed coal, and then filled into different areas within the simulation device. The particle size distribution of the coal samples can be divided into the following ranges: 0mm to <0.9mm, 0.9mm to <3mm, 3mm to <5mm, 5mm to <7mm, and 7mm to 10mm.

[0040] In this design, the particle size of the coal samples within coal pillar region 21 gradually decreases from the end closest to experimental zone 221 towards the direction away from experimental zone 221. This particle size distribution is designed to more realistically simulate the structural characteristics of the broken coal body at the top of the coal pillar. In actual working conditions, the coal body is more fragmented in the area where the coal pillar contacts the roof, while it remains relatively intact in areas farther from the roof. Therefore, in this application, the coal body with the largest particle size is used in the coal pillar region 21 near the end of experimental zone 221, resulting in larger gaps between coal samples. In areas farther from experimental zone 221, smaller particle size coal samples are used for simulation, resulting in smaller gaps between coal samples. By controlling the particle size distribution of the coal samples, the different degrees of damage at different locations within the coal pillar can be realistically reproduced, improving the realism of the simulation.

[0041] Furthermore, the ventilation structure includes multiple ventilation plates disposed within the cavity, dividing the cavity into a roadway 10, a coal pillar area 21, and a roof area 22. The placement of the ventilation plates ensures that air can circulate between different areas of the simulation device while maintaining the independence of each area.

[0042] In principle, the size and distribution of the vents on the permeable plate determine the path and speed of airflow, thus affecting the oxidation reaction during coal spontaneous combustion. In terms of effectiveness, the permeable plate design not only ensures the controllability of the experiment but also simulates coal spontaneous combustion under different ventilation conditions. In other embodiments, airflow can be optimized by adjusting the material of the permeable plate and the size of the vents to adapt to more diverse experimental needs.

[0043] like Figure 1 heat exchange Figure 2 As shown, the multiple permeable plates include a first sieve plate 71 and a second sieve plate 72. The first sieve plate 71 has multiple first permeable holes, extends vertically, and its top and bottom abut against the top wall of the shell 40. The roadway 10 and the coal pillar area 21 are located on opposite sides of the first sieve plate, which divides the roof area 22 into the roof body 222 and the experimental area 221. The second sieve plate 72 has multiple second permeable holes, extends horizontally, and is intersected with the first sieve plate 71. The side walls of the second sieve plate 72 along the width of the roadway 10 abut against the side walls of the shell 40. The roadway 10 and the coal pillar area 21 are both located below the second sieve plate 72, and the roof area 22 is located above the second sieve plate 72. The setting of the first sieve plate 71 and the second sieve plate 72 further refines the airflow path, which can simulate the multi-directional airflow inside the coal seam, increasing the complexity and realism of the experiment.

[0044] Specifically, the first sieve plate 71 and the second sieve plate 72 can be fixed to the housing 40 by fasteners.

[0045] The diameter and number of the first and second vent holes are not limited and can be selected according to the working conditions to be simulated. The sieve plate in this application is a grid sieve.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the shell 40 includes a visual temperature sensing layer, which is correspondingly positioned to the experimental area 221 and the coal pillar area 21. The visual temperature sensing layer is located on the top and side walls of the coal seam structure away from the roadway 10. It is used to detect temperature changes within the coal pillar area 21 and the roof area 22. The visual temperature sensing layer allows personnel to intuitively observe the temperature changes within the coal pillar area 21 and the roof area 22, improving the visualization of the experiment and helping researchers to observe and monitor the spontaneous combustion process of coal in real time, allowing for timely adjustments to experimental conditions.

[0047] The shell 40 also includes a shell body 42, which is disposed on the outer wall of the roof body 222, on the side wall of the roadway 10 away from the coal pillar area 21, at the bottom of the roadway 10, and at both ends of the roadway 10 that are not covered by the coal seam structure. The coal seam structure covers part of the roadway 10 along the length of the roadway, and the part of the roadway 10 that is not covered by the coal seam structure is formed by the shell body 42.

[0048] In this embodiment, the shell body 42 is made of foam material.

[0049] In other embodiments, the housing body 42 is made of plastic or other materials.

[0050] Specifically, the visual temperature-sensing layer includes a visual temperature-sensing glass 41 and an infrared thermometer. The infrared thermometer is located outside the visual temperature-sensing glass 41 and is used to detect the temperature of the coal sample inside the glass. The visual temperature-sensing glass changes color with temperature, while the infrared thermometer can non-contactly measure the surface temperature of the coal sample. The combination of the two not only provides intuitive visual feedback on temperature changes but also enables high-precision temperature data acquisition, allowing for a comprehensive understanding of the temperature conditions inside and on the surface of the coal sample. All of the above instruments are existing technologies, and their connection and use will not be elaborated upon further.

[0051] In other embodiments, other types of temperature sensors, such as thermocouples and thermometers, can be used to meet the needs of different experimental conditions.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the sensing module includes a first sensing terminal 51, a second sensing terminal, and a third sensing terminal 52. The first sensing terminal 51, penetrating the housing, is located within the experimental area 221 and is used to detect temperature and gas parameters within the experimental area 221. The second sensing terminal, penetrating the housing, is located within the coal pillar area 21 and is used to detect temperature and gas parameters within the coal pillar area 21. The third sensing terminal 52, penetrating the housing, is located within the roadway 10 and is used to detect temperature and gas parameters within the roadway 10. This configuration allows the sensing module to cover different key simulation areas within the simulation device, enabling comprehensive monitoring of temperature and gas changes during coal spontaneous combustion, analysis of the development stages and speed of coal spontaneous combustion, and assessment of the risk of coal spontaneous combustion. This design makes the experimental data more comprehensive, contributing to a deeper understanding of the mechanism of coal spontaneous combustion and providing a scientific basis for its prevention.

[0053] Furthermore, the sensing module also includes a gas and temperature analyzer 53 and a computer terminal 54. The first sensing terminal 51, the second sensing terminal, and the third sensing terminal 52 are all electrically connected to the gas and temperature analyzer 53, which is in turn electrically connected to the computer terminal 54. The gas and temperature analyzer 53 receives the detection data from the first sensing terminal 51, the second sensing terminal, and the third sensing terminal 52 and transmits it to the computer terminal 54. The connection between the gas and temperature analyzer and the computer terminal enables automatic data acquisition and analysis, improving experimental efficiency. The gas and temperature analyzer can analyze the data transmitted from the sensing terminals in real time, while the computer terminal can store and process this data, generating charts and reports for easy analysis and summarization by experimental personnel.

[0054] In other embodiments, more environmental parameters can be collected by increasing the type and number of sensing modules, such as humidity sensors and pressure sensors, to adapt to more complex experimental scenarios.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, the coal spontaneous combustion simulation device also includes multiple lifting components 60, which are respectively arranged at both ends of the housing 40 along the length of the roadway 10 to adjust the inclination angle of the roadway 10. By adjusting the inclination angle of the roadway, the direction and speed of air flow within the roadway can be changed, thereby affecting the oxidation reaction during the coal spontaneous combustion process. The lifting components 60 enable the simulation device to simulate roadways with different inclination angles, increasing the flexibility and applicability of the experiment. This design makes the experimental results closer to actual working conditions and improves the realism of the simulation.

[0056] In this embodiment, the lifting component 60 is a hydraulic cylinder, and the coal spontaneous combustion simulation device includes four sets of hydraulic cylinders, which are respectively set at the four corners of the bottom of the housing 40.

[0057] After the coal is burning, water or bottled liquid carbon dioxide can be injected into the burning area to control the fire until it is extinguished.

[0058] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0059] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0060] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of each component itself.

[0061] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0062] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0063] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A coal spontaneous combustion simulation device, characterized by, The coal spontaneous combustion simulation device includes: The shell (40) and the permeable structure are provided. The shell (40) has a cavity, and the permeable structure is located in the cavity and divides the cavity into a roadway (10) and a coal seam structure. The roadway (10) has an air inlet (101) and an air outlet (102) arranged opposite to each other. The coal seam structure is located on the outer periphery of the roadway (10). The coal seam structure is divided by the permeable structure into a coal pillar area (21) and a roof area (22). The coal pillar area (21) is arranged side by side with the roadway (10). The roof area (22) is located above the roadway (10) and the coal pillar area (21). The roof area (22) has an experimental area (221). The experimental area (221) is arranged corresponding to the coal pillar area (21). The bottom of the experimental area (221) and the top of the coal pillar area (21) are used to place coal samples with cracks. A blower (30) is provided at the air inlet (101) and is used to drive air to flow between the roadway (10), the coal pillar area (21) and the roof area (22); The sensing module is partially located within the experimental area (221) and the coal pillar area (21) to collect temperature and gas parameters within the experimental area (221) and the coal pillar area (21).

2. The coal self-ignition simulation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The particle size of the coal sample in the experimental area (221) gradually decreases from the end near the coal pillar region (21) toward the direction away from the coal pillar region (21).

3. The coal self-ignition simulation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The particle size of the coal sample in the coal pillar region (21) gradually decreases from the end near the experimental area (221) toward the direction away from the experimental area (221).

4. The coal self-ignition simulation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The permeable structure includes multiple permeable plates, which are disposed in the cavity and divide the cavity into the roadway (10), the coal pillar area (21), and the roof area (22).

5. The coal self-ignition simulation apparatus according to claim 4, characterized by The plurality of the aforementioned breathable panels include: The first screen plate (71) has a plurality of first ventilation holes. The first screen plate (71) extends vertically. The top of the first screen plate (71) abuts against the top wall of the shell (40). The bottom of the first screen plate (71) abuts against the bottom of the shell (40). The roadway (10) and the coal pillar area (21) are located on both sides of the first screen plate (71). The second screen plate (72) has multiple second ventilation holes. The second screen plate (72) extends horizontally and is intersected with the first screen plate (71). The side walls of the second screen plate (72) along the width direction of the roadway (10) abut against the side walls of the shell (40). The roadway (10) and the coal pillar area (21) are both located below the second screen plate (72).

6. The coal spontaneous combustion simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The shell (40) includes a visual temperature sensing layer, which is set in correspondence with the experimental area (221) and the coal pillar area (21). The visual temperature sensing layer is located on the top and side walls of the coal seam structure away from the roadway (10). The visual temperature sensing layer is used to detect temperature changes in the coal pillar area (21) and the roof area (22).

7. The coal spontaneous combustion simulation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The visual temperature sensing layer includes a visual temperature sensing glass (41) and an infrared thermometer. The infrared thermometer is located outside the visual temperature sensing glass (41) and is used to detect the temperature of the coal sample inside the visual temperature sensing glass (41).

8. The coal spontaneous combustion simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensing module includes: A first sensing terminal (51) is disposed in the experimental area (221), and the first sensing terminal (51) is used to detect the temperature parameters and gas parameters in the experimental area (221); The second sensing terminal is disposed in the coal pillar area (21), and the second sensing terminal is used to detect the temperature parameters and gas parameters in the coal pillar area (21); The third sensing terminal (52) is disposed in the tunnel (10) and is used to detect the temperature parameters and gas parameters in the tunnel (10).

9. The coal spontaneous combustion simulation device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sensing module further includes a gas and temperature analyzer (53) and a computer terminal (54). The first sensing terminal (51), the second sensing terminal and the third sensing terminal (52) are all electrically connected to the gas and temperature analyzer (53). The gas and temperature analyzer (53) is electrically connected to the computer terminal (54). The gas and temperature analyzer (53) is used to receive the detection data of the first sensing terminal (51), the second sensing terminal and the third sensing terminal (52) and send it to the computer terminal (54).

10. The coal spontaneous combustion simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coal spontaneous combustion simulation device also includes multiple lifting components (60), which are respectively arranged at both ends of the housing (40) along the length of the roadway (10) to adjust the tilt angle of the roadway (10).

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