A fast response circuit short detector
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522018886.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-19
AI Technical Summary
[0002]随着舰船综合电力系统中电力电子设备的大规模应用，直流系统时间常数降低，短路故障保护的快速性要求较高，给系统保护设计和连续运行带来了严峻的挑战；当发生短路故障时，电容中存储的能量会迅速向短路点释放，其放电电流可达数千安培到数万安培不等，导致电容器用来储存能量以及平波效果的并联连接的电容器，如果不能够快速可靠分断故障，将导致系统故障电流骤升、直流母线电压下降，使得其他正常工作的变流器保护停机，严重影响了供电连续性和可靠性
1.本实用新型采取电压信号采集模块与限流电抗器L形成多级响应模式，当发生短路故障时，左舷电压信号采集模块与右舷电压信号采集模块检测到电压信号，并将信号传输给控制器，控制器向TGBT驱动板发出关断信号，将左舷开关和右舷开关迅速断开；并且在短路之后，限流电抗器和续流二极管构成续流回路，使得故障电流在续流回路中消耗，降低故障侧电流对IGBT的电压应力，从而保护电力电子器件免于过压损坏。
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Figure CN224758711U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of short circuit fault detection technology, specifically relating to a fast-response circuit short circuit detector. Background Technology
[0002] With the large-scale application of power electronic equipment in ship integrated power systems, the time constant of DC systems has decreased, and the requirements for the rapid response of short-circuit fault protection are high, posing a severe challenge to system protection design and continuous operation. When a short-circuit fault occurs, the energy stored in the capacitors is rapidly released to the short-circuit point, with discharge currents ranging from thousands to tens of thousands of amperes. If the parallel capacitors used for energy storage and smoothing cannot quickly and reliably disconnect the fault, it will cause a sharp increase in system fault current and a drop in DC bus voltage, leading to the shutdown of other normally operating converters and severely affecting the continuity and reliability of power supply. Therefore, this invention proposes a fast-response circuit short-circuit detector. Utility Model Content
[0003] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art, the present invention provides a fast-response circuit short-circuit detector to solve the problems in the background art.
[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A fast-response circuit short-circuit detector includes a port side terminal block and a starboard side terminal block. The port side terminal block is sequentially connected to a resistor R1, a port side disconnect switch, and a port side switch. The starboard side terminal block is sequentially connected to a resistor R4, a starboard side disconnect switch, and a starboard side switch. A current-limiting reactor L is connected in series between the port side switch and the starboard side switch. A port side voltage signal acquisition module is connected in parallel to the outside of the port side disconnect switch, and a starboard side voltage signal acquisition module is connected in parallel to the outside of the starboard side disconnect switch. Furthermore, the port side voltage signal acquisition module includes a resistor R2 connected to the input terminal of resistor R1, the output terminal of resistor R2 connected to the input terminal of optocoupler U1, and the output terminal of optocoupler U1 connected to the output terminal of resistor R1; the port side voltage signal acquisition module also includes a power supply VDD, a resistor R3, and a capacitor C3 connected to the primary side of optocoupler U1 respectively, the resistor R3 and the capacitor C3 are connected in parallel, their output terminals are grounded, and the input terminals of the resistor R3 and the capacitor C3 are also connected to the negative terminal of the port side terminal block; Furthermore, the starboard voltage signal acquisition module includes a resistor R5 connected to the input terminal of resistor R4, the output terminal of resistor R5 being connected to the input terminal of optocoupler U2, and the output terminal of optocoupler U2 being connected to the output terminal of resistor R4; the port voltage signal acquisition module also includes a power supply VDD, a resistor R6, and a capacitor C4, all connected to the primary side of optocoupler U2 respectively. Resistor R6 and capacitor C4 are connected in parallel, and their output terminals are grounded. The input terminals of resistor R6 and capacitor C4 are also connected to the negative terminal of the port terminal block.
[0005] Furthermore, the port side voltage signal acquisition module and the starboard side voltage signal acquisition module are connected to the controller. Resistors R1 and R2 are used to acquire the port side line voltage, which is electrically isolated by optocoupler U1. Resistors R3 and capacitor C3 are used for filtering and current limiting before transmitting the voltage signal to the controller. Resistors R4 and R5 are used to acquire the starboard side line voltage, which is electrically isolated by optocoupler U2. Resistors R6 and capacitor C4 are used for filtering and current limiting before transmitting the voltage signal to the controller.
[0006] Furthermore, the port and starboard switches are IGBT switches, which are connected to the input and output stages of the IGBT driver board, respectively, and the IGBT driver board is connected to the controller.
[0007] Furthermore, a capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to the outside of the port side switch, and a port side power diode DA1 is connected in anti-parallel to its inside.
[0008] Furthermore, a capacitor C2 is connected in parallel to the outside of the starboard switch, and a starboard power diode DA2 is connected in antiparallel to its inside.
[0009] Furthermore, the current-limiting reactor L, together with the port power diode DA1 and the starboard power diode DA2, forms a freewheeling circuit, which allows the fault current to be consumed in the freewheeling circuit, reducing the voltage stress of the fault-side current on the IGBT.
[0010] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages: 1. This utility model adopts a multi-level response mode formed by the voltage signal acquisition module and the current-limiting reactor L. When a short-circuit fault occurs, the port and starboard voltage signal acquisition modules detect the voltage signal and transmit the signal to the controller. The controller sends a shutdown signal to the TGBT drive board to quickly disconnect the port and starboard switches. After the short circuit, the current-limiting reactor and the freewheeling diode form a freewheeling circuit, so that the fault current is consumed in the freewheeling circuit, reducing the voltage stress of the fault side current on the IGBT, thereby protecting the power electronic devices from overvoltage damage. Attached Figure Description
[0011] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the DC solid-state interrupting circuit structure of an embodiment of a fast-response circuit short-circuit detector according to this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the port side voltage signal acquisition module and the main circuit in an embodiment of a fast-response circuit short-circuit detector of this utility model. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the starboard voltage signal acquisition module and the main circuit in an embodiment of a fast-response circuit short-circuit detector according to this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0012] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand this utility model, the technical solution of this utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Example
[0013] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a fast-response circuit short-circuit detector includes a port side terminal block and a starboard side terminal block. The port side terminal block is sequentially connected to a resistor R1, a port side disconnect switch, and a port side switch. The starboard side terminal block is sequentially connected to a resistor R4, a starboard side disconnect switch, and a starboard side switch. A current-limiting reactor L is connected in series between the port side switch and the starboard side switch. A port side voltage signal acquisition module is connected in parallel to the outside of the port side disconnect switch, and a starboard side voltage signal acquisition module is connected in parallel to the outside of the starboard side disconnect switch. Furthermore, the port side voltage signal acquisition module includes a resistor R2 connected to the input terminal of resistor R1, the output terminal of resistor R2 connected to the input terminal of optocoupler U1, and the output terminal of optocoupler U1 connected to the output terminal of resistor R1; the port side voltage signal acquisition module also includes a power supply VDD, a resistor R3, and a capacitor C3 connected to the primary side of optocoupler U1 respectively, the resistor R3 and the capacitor C3 are connected in parallel, their output terminals are grounded, and the input terminals of the resistor R3 and the capacitor C3 are also connected to the negative terminal of the port side terminal block; Furthermore, the starboard voltage signal acquisition module includes a resistor R5 connected to the input terminal of resistor R4, the output terminal of resistor R5 being connected to the input terminal of optocoupler U2, and the output terminal of optocoupler U2 being connected to the output terminal of resistor R4; the port voltage signal acquisition module also includes a power supply VDD, a resistor R6, and a capacitor C4, all connected to the primary side of optocoupler U2 respectively. Resistor R6 and capacitor C4 are connected in parallel, and their output terminals are grounded. The input terminals of resistor R6 and capacitor C4 are also connected to the negative terminal of the port terminal block.
[0014] Furthermore, the port side voltage signal acquisition module and the starboard side voltage signal acquisition module are connected to the controller. Resistors R1 and R2 are used to acquire the port side line voltage, which is electrically isolated by optocoupler U1. Resistors R3 and capacitor C3 are used for filtering and current limiting before transmitting the voltage signal to the controller. Resistors R4 and R5 are used to acquire the starboard side line voltage, which is electrically isolated by optocoupler U2. Resistors R6 and capacitor C4 are used for filtering and current limiting before transmitting the voltage signal to the controller.
[0015] Furthermore, the port and starboard switches are IGBT switches, which are connected to the input and output stages of the IGBT driver board, respectively, and the IGBT driver board is connected to the controller.
[0016] Furthermore, a capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to the outside of the port side switch, and a port side power diode DA1 is connected in anti-parallel to its inside.
[0017] Furthermore, a capacitor C2 is connected in parallel to the outside of the starboard switch, and a starboard power diode DA2 is connected in antiparallel to its inside.
[0018] Furthermore, the current-limiting reactor L, together with the port power diode DA1 and the starboard power diode DA2, forms a freewheeling circuit, which allows the fault current to be consumed in the freewheeling circuit, reducing the voltage stress of the fault-side current on the IGBT.
[0019] like Figure 1 - Figure 3 As shown, the working principle is as follows: This utility model adopts a voltage signal acquisition module and a current-limiting reactor L to form a multi-level response mode. When a short-circuit fault occurs, the voltage values on both sides of resistors R1 and R4 of the port and starboard voltage signal acquisition modules increase. The increased voltage passes through optocouplers U1 and U2, causing optocouplers U1 and U2 to conduct instantaneously. The voltage generated on the primary side of optocouplers U1 and U2 instantaneously passes through capacitors C3 and C4 to generate an output signal, which is transmitted to the controller. The controller sends a shutdown signal to the TGBT driver board to quickly disconnect the port and starboard switches. Furthermore, after the short circuit, the current-limiting reactor and the freewheeling diode form a freewheeling circuit, which consumes the fault current in the freewheeling circuit, reducing the voltage stress of the fault side current on the IGBT, thereby protecting the power electronic devices from overvoltage damage.
[0020] The above are merely embodiments of this utility model. The circuits, electronic components, and modules involved are all prior art, fully achievable by those skilled in the art, and require no further explanation. The content protected by this application does not involve improvements to the software and methods. Commonly known structures and characteristics in the solution are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field to which this utility model pertains prior to the application date or priority date, are able to access all prior art in that field, and possess the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, under the guidance of this application, improve and implement this solution in combination with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent.
Claims
1. A fast-response circuit short-circuit detector, characterized in that, It includes a port side terminal block and a starboard side terminal block. The port side terminal block is connected in sequence to a resistor R1, a port side disconnect switch, and a port side switch. The starboard side terminal block is connected in sequence to a resistor R4, a starboard side disconnect switch, and a starboard side switch. A current-limiting reactor L is connected in series between the port side switch and the starboard side switch. A port side voltage signal acquisition module is connected in parallel to the outside of the port side disconnect switch, and a starboard side voltage signal acquisition module is connected in parallel to the outside of the starboard side disconnect switch. The port side voltage signal acquisition module includes a resistor R2 connected to the input terminal of resistor R1, the output terminal of resistor R2 connected to the input terminal of optocoupler U1, and the output terminal of optocoupler U1 connected to the output terminal of resistor R1. The port side voltage signal acquisition module also includes a power supply VDD, a resistor R3, and a capacitor C3 connected to the primary side of optocoupler U1 respectively. The resistor R3 and capacitor C3 are connected in parallel, and their output terminals are grounded. The input terminals of resistor R3 and capacitor C3 are also connected to the negative terminal of the port side terminal block. The starboard voltage signal acquisition module includes a resistor R5 connected to the input terminal of resistor R4, the output terminal of resistor R5 connected to the input terminal of optocoupler U2, and the output terminal of optocoupler U2 connected to the output terminal of resistor R4. The port voltage signal acquisition module also includes a power supply VDD, a resistor R6, and a capacitor C4 connected to the primary side of optocoupler U2, respectively. Resistor R6 and capacitor C4 are connected in parallel, and their output terminals are grounded. The input terminals of resistor R6 and capacitor C4 are also connected to the negative terminal of the port terminal block.
2. The fast-response circuit short-circuit detector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The port side voltage signal acquisition module and the starboard side voltage signal acquisition module are connected to the controller. Resistors R1 and R2 are used to acquire the port side line voltage and achieve electrical isolation through optocoupler U1. Resistor R3 and capacitor C3 are used for filtering and current limiting before transmitting the voltage signal to the controller. Resistors R4 and R5 are used to acquire the starboard side line voltage and achieve electrical isolation through optocoupler U2. Resistor R6 and capacitor C4 are used for filtering and current limiting before transmitting the voltage signal to the controller.
3. The fast-response circuit short-circuit detector according to claim 2, characterized in that, The port and starboard switches are IGBT switches, which are connected to the input and output stages of the IGBT driver board, respectively. The IGBT driver board is connected to the controller.
4. The fast-response circuit short-circuit detector according to claim 3, characterized in that, A capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to the outside of the port side switch, and a port side power diode DA1 is connected in antiparallel to its inside.
5. A fast-response circuit short-circuit detector according to claim 4, characterized in that, A capacitor C2 is connected in parallel to the outside of the starboard switch, and a starboard power diode DA2 is connected in antiparallel to its inside.
6. A fast-response circuit short-circuit detector according to claim 5, characterized in that, The current-limiting reactor L, together with the port power diode DA1 and the starboard power diode DA2, forms a freewheeling circuit, which consumes the fault current in the freewheeling circuit and reduces the voltage stress of the fault-side current on the IGBT.