Agricultural machine deep ploughing operation centimeter level laser ranging device

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery technical field, concretely relates to a kind of agricultural machinery deep ploughing operation centimeter level laser ranging device, including laser range finder and the lens being set at the front end of laser range finder, the bottom of laser range finder is equipped with bottom plate, the top of bottom plate is equipped with first recess, the end of laser range finder is equipped with second recess, the top of laser range finder is equipped with the third recess being interconnected with second recess and first recess, the slot bottom of third recess is embedded with air inlet screen, and is installed in laser range finder inside, through the linkage design of magnetic attraction rotation and sliding structure, the seamless switching of working condition (heat dissipation priority+local protection) and non-working condition (full sealing protection) is realized, air inlet screen and one-way exhaust valve form directional airflow channel, cooperate the state switching of protection assembly, avoid the heat dissipation performance attenuation caused by dust accumulation, full-closed protection mode effectively resist agricultural machinery vibration impact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a centimeter-level laser ranging device for deep tillage operations in agricultural machinery. Background Technology

[0002] In modern agricultural deep-plowing operations, laser ranging technology is widely used in the depth control systems of agricultural machinery due to its advantages such as high precision and non-contact measurement. However, the harsh working environment in farmland often presents laser rangefinders with the following problems:

[0003] Mud and water pollution: Mud splashed during deep plowing can easily cover the lens and heat dissipation holes, leading to measurement errors or equipment overheating;

[0004] Dust blockage: Field dust can easily enter the equipment through the heat dissipation channels, and its accumulation will affect the heat dissipation efficiency and the life of electronic components;

[0005] Mechanical damage: Vibration from agricultural machinery and stones in the field may hit exposed lenses or air inlets, causing structural damage;

[0006] Insufficient protection when idle: Traditional equipment lacks active protection mechanisms when not in operation, and long-term exposure accelerates component aging. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model provides a centimeter-level laser ranging device for deep tillage operations of agricultural machinery, which can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0009] This utility model provides a centimeter-level laser ranging device for deep tillage operations in agricultural machinery, including a laser rangefinder and a lens disposed at the front end of the laser rangefinder. A base plate is installed at the bottom of the laser rangefinder, a first groove is formed at the top of the base plate, a second groove is formed at the end of the laser rangefinder, and a third groove is formed at the top of the laser rangefinder, communicating with the second and first grooves. An air inlet filter is embedded in the bottom of the third groove, penetrating the interior of the laser rangefinder. A one-way exhaust valve is embedded in the end of the laser rangefinder away from the first groove, penetrating the interior of the laser rangefinder. The device includes:

[0010] The protective assembly includes a protective panel with a square hole of the same size as the opening of the air inlet filter. A magnetic suction plate is rotatably mounted on the top of the protective panel and magnetically attracted and fixed in a third groove. A lifting sliding plate is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the protective panel and slidably mounted in a second groove. A protective baffle is vertically fixed on one side of the lifting sliding plate.

[0011] Furthermore, each of the two opposing inner walls of the second groove is provided with a sliding groove, and each side of the lifting sliding plate is fixedly installed with a slider, and the two sliders are respectively slidably installed in the corresponding sliding groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the laser rangefinder has a built-in cooling fan, and the input end of the cooling fan is opposite to the air inlet filter.

[0013] Furthermore, mounting strips are fixedly installed on both sides of the base plate, and each mounting strip has a through-hole.

[0014] Furthermore, a square inner groove is provided on one side of the magnetic plate, and a square magnetic ring is embedded and fixedly installed in the square inner groove. The square magnetic ring is always magnetically attracted and fixed to the bottom of the third groove.

[0015] Furthermore, a handle is vertically fixed to the side of the magnetic plate away from the square magnetic ring.

[0016] The technical solution provided by this utility model has the following advantages compared with the known prior art:

[0017] Dynamic adaptive protection:

[0018] Through the linkage design of magnetic rotation and sliding structure, a seamless switching between working state (heat dissipation priority + local protection) and non-working state (full-sealed protection) is achieved.

[0019] Improved long-term reliability:

[0020] The air intake filter and the one-way exhaust valve form a directional airflow channel. Combined with the switching of the protective components, it avoids the heat dissipation performance degradation caused by dust accumulation. The fully enclosed protection mode effectively resists the vibration and impact of agricultural machinery. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the laser rangefinder of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 For the present utility model Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of the protective component of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a second-view structural diagram of the protective component of this utility model.

[0027] The labels in the diagram represent:

[0028] 1. Laser rangefinder; 11. First groove; 12. Second groove; 13. Slide groove; 14. Third groove; 15. Air inlet filter; 16. Mounting strip;

[0029] 21. Protective panel; 22. Square hole; 23. Magnetic plate; 24. Square magnetic ring; 25. Lifting sliding plate; 26. Slider; 27. Protective baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] Reference Figure 1-4 This is the first embodiment of the present invention, which discloses a centimeter-level laser ranging device for deep tillage operations in agricultural machinery. It includes a laser rangefinder 1 and a lens (50mm in diameter, 60mm in focal length) disposed at the front end of the laser rangefinder 1. The structure and working principle of the laser rangefinder 1 are as follows:

[0034] A laser rangefinder mainly consists of the following parts:

[0035] Laser emitting module

[0036] Laser diode: emits laser pulses of a specific wavelength (such as 905nm or 1550nm).

[0037] Collimating lens: Adjusts the diffusion angle of the laser beam to make it form parallel light.

[0038] Drive circuit: controls the laser emission frequency and power.

[0039] Laser receiver module

[0040] Photodetector (APD or PIN diode): Receives the laser signal reflected back from the target.

[0041] Optical filters: filter out ambient stray light and improve the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0042] Amplification circuit: Amplifies weak echo signals.

[0043] Signal processing module

[0044] Time Measurement Unit (TDC chip): Accurately calculates the time difference between laser emission and reception (TOF).

[0045] Microprocessor (MCU): Calculates distance based on time difference, using the following formula:

[0046] D=(c·Δt) / 2

[0047] Where c is the speed of light (3 × 10⁻⁶) 8 m / s), Δt is the time difference.

[0048] Display and Control Module

[0049] LCD / OLED screen: Displays measurement results in real time.

[0050] Button / Communication Interface: Supports user operation or data output (such as RS485, CAN bus).

[0051] Protection and heat dissipation structure (improvement of this utility model)

[0052] Protective components include an adjustable protective baffle 27 and a magnetic air intake filter 15, adaptable to different operating conditions.

[0053] Cooling system: The internal temperature is maintained at ≤45℃ through forced convection via air intake filter 15 and cooling fan.

[0054] Mechanical fixed structure

[0055] Mounting strip 16: Features strip mounting holes, compatible with various installation positions on agricultural machinery.

[0056] Sealed housing: IP67 protection rating, dustproof and waterproof.

[0057] The laser rangefinder 1 measures distance based on the time-of-flight (TOF) method. The specific process is as follows:

[0058] Laser emission

[0059] The driving circuit triggers the laser diode to emit a short pulse laser beam (the pulse width is usually a few nanoseconds).

[0060] The laser beam is collimated by a collimating lens to form a parallel beam that is directed toward the target (such as the soil surface).

[0061] Laser receiver

[0062] The laser echo reflected from the target is captured by a photodetector.

[0063] Optical filters suppress interfering light such as sunlight to ensure signal purity.

[0064] Time difference measurement

[0065] The time measurement unit records the laser emission time t1 and the echo arrival time t2, and calculates Δt = t2 - t1.

[0066] The distance can be obtained using the formula D = (c·Δt) / 2 (dividing by 2 is due to the laser's round trip).

[0067] Data processing and output

[0068] The microprocessor filters multiple measurement results (such as mean filtering) to improve accuracy to the centimeter level.

[0069] Data is transmitted to the agricultural machinery control system via screen display or communication interface.

[0070] The laser rangefinder 1 has a base plate (5mm thick, made of 304 stainless steel) installed at its bottom. A first groove 11 is formed at the top of the base plate, and a second groove 12 is formed at the end of the laser rangefinder 1. A third groove 14, which communicates with the second groove 12 and the first groove 11, is formed at the top of the laser rangefinder 1. An air inlet filter 15 (0.5mm mesh diameter, filtration accuracy ≥95%) is embedded in the bottom of the third groove 14, penetrating the interior of the laser rangefinder 1. A one-way exhaust valve (opening pressure 0.05MPa, flow rate 5L / min) is embedded in the end of the laser rangefinder 1 furthest from the first groove 11, penetrating the interior of the laser rangefinder 1.

[0071] The system includes a protective assembly, which includes a protective panel 21 (3mm thick, made of polycarbonate). The protective panel 21 has a square hole 22 that is the same size as the opening of the air inlet filter 15. A magnetic suction plate 23 (4mm thick) is magnetically attached to the top of the protective panel 21 via a pivot (6mm in diameter) and fixed in the third groove 14. A lifting sliding plate 25 (3mm thick) is slidably mounted in the second groove 12 via a hinge at the bottom of the protective panel 21. A protective baffle 27 is vertically fixed to one side of the lifting sliding plate 25.

[0072] Example 2:

[0073] Reference Figure 1-4This is the second embodiment of the present invention, which differs from the first embodiment in that:

[0074] The second groove 12 has sliding grooves 13 on both opposite inner walls. Slider blocks 26 are fixedly installed on both sides of the lifting sliding plate 25, and the two sliders 26 are slidably installed in their respective sliding grooves 13. The laser rangefinder 1 has a built-in cooling fan (12W power, 15CFM airflow), with the fan's input end opposite to the air inlet filter 15. Mounting strips 16 are fixedly installed on both sides of the base plate, and each mounting strip 16 has a through-hole.

[0075] A square inner groove is provided on one side of the magnetic plate 23. A square magnetic ring 24 (magnetic force ≥50N, adsorption stability under vibration conditions (e.g., frequency ≤20Hz)) is fitted and fixedly installed in the square inner groove. The square magnetic ring 24 is always magnetically adsorbed and fixed to the bottom of the third groove 14. A handle is vertically fixedly installed on the side of the magnetic plate 23 away from the square magnetic ring 24.

[0076] The remaining structure is the same as that in Example 1.

[0077] Operating parameters description:

[0078] Laser rangefinder 1 operating temperature range: -20℃~60℃

[0079] Protection component switching time: ≤2s

[0080] Cooling effect of the heat dissipation system: It can maintain the internal temperature ≤45℃ under working conditions.

[0081] Protective baffle 27: Protective angle adjustment range: 0°~30°

[0082] Magnetic plate 23 Adsorption force: ≥50N

[0083] Inlet filter 15: Filtration efficiency ≥95%@10μm particulate matter

[0084] Protective panel 21: Light transmittance: ≥90% (visible light band)

[0085] Installation instructions:

[0086] Secure the device to the agricultural machinery using M8 bolts through the mounting holes on mounting strip 16.

[0087] During installation, ensure that the protective shield 27 is directly above the lens (10-15mm from the top of the lens).

[0088] The rotation angle of the magnetic plate 23 should be adjusted to 90°±5° to ensure optimal heat dissipation.

[0089] Maintenance requirements:

[0090] The air intake filter needs to be cleaned every 50 hours of operation;

[0091] Check the clearance between slider 26 and groove 13 every quarter (it should be maintained at 0.5-1mm);

[0092] Replace the square magnetic ring 24 once a year to ensure adhesion.

[0093] The centimeter-level laser rangefinder for deep tillage operations of agricultural machinery involved in this utility model has its core in the adjustment function of the protective components. It can adjust the protective structure according to the working state of the laser rangefinder 1 to ensure efficient heat dissipation and lens protection during operation, and complete sealing, dustproof and impact-proof when not in operation.

[0094] 1. Initial state of the laser rangefinder (non-operating mode)

[0095] When the agricultural machinery is not performing deep plowing operations, the laser rangefinder 1 is in standby or off state. At this time, the protective components switch to the fully enclosed protection mode, and the specific process is as follows:

[0096] Sealing of air intake filter

[0097] The magnetic plate 23 is tightly attached to the bottom of the third groove 14 by its built-in square magnetic ring 24, completely covering the air intake filter 15 to prevent dust, moisture or foreign objects from entering the laser rangefinder 1.

[0098] Due to the strong magnetic attraction of the magnetic plate 23, it can maintain a stable seal even in the vibrating environment of agricultural machinery, thus preventing accidental loosening.

[0099] Complete protection of the lens

[0100] When not in operation, the protective panel 21 completely covers the lens end of the laser rangefinder 1 to prevent damage to the optical components from flying sand, gravel, or external impacts.

[0101] Without external force, the lifting sliding plate 25 naturally slides down under the influence of gravity, driving the protective baffle 27 to the lowest position, ensuring that the protective panel 21 is in close contact with the lens surface to form a sealed protection.

[0102] 2. Operating status (working mode) of laser rangefinder 1

[0103] When the agricultural machinery starts and performs deep tillage, the laser rangefinder 1 begins to work. At this time, the protective components automatically adjust to the heat dissipation + local protection mode. The specific process is as follows:

[0104] 2.1 Opening of the heat dissipation channel

[0105] Rotation adjustment of magnetic plate 23

[0106] The operator pulls the handle of the magnetic suction plate 23 upwards, causing it to rotate 90° around the pivot.

[0107] After rotation, the square hole 22 on the protective panel 21 is completely aligned with the air inlet filter 15, forming a smooth heat dissipation channel.

[0108] Operation of forced air cooling system

[0109] When the built-in cooling fan of the laser rangefinder 1 is activated, external air enters the device through the square hole 22 and the air inlet filter 15, carrying away the heat generated by the electronic components.

[0110] Hot air is discharged through a one-way exhaust valve, forming a directional airflow to prevent heat buildup.

[0111] 2.2 Dynamic Protection of Lenses

[0112] Sliding adjustment of the lifting slide plate 25

[0113] When the magnetic suction plate 23 rotates, the lifting sliding plate 25 slides down the slide groove 13 due to gravity, which drives the protective baffle 27 to move directly above the lens.

[0114] The protective baffle 27 maintains an appropriate gap with the lens, which neither affects laser ranging nor obstructs splashing mud, soil and other pollutants.

[0115] Splash protection mechanism

[0116] During deep tillage operations, agricultural machinery may splash a large amount of mud when turning the soil, but because the protective baffle 27 is located directly above the lens, it can effectively intercept most of the splashes and reduce lens contamination.

[0117] The vertical mounting structure of the protective baffle 27 enables it to guide water flow, allowing mud and water to slide off the baffle instead of accumulating on the lens surface.

[0118] 3. Resuming operation of laser rangefinder 1 after shutdown (switching back to non-working mode)

[0119] When the agricultural machinery stops operating or the laser rangefinder 1 is turned off, the protective components can be manually restored to their initial protective state. The specific process is as follows:

[0120] Resetting of magnetic plate 23

[0121] The operator rotates the magnetic plate 23 in the opposite direction to cover the air intake filter 15 again. The square magnetic ring 24 automatically attaches to the bottom of the third groove 14 to ensure a seal.

[0122] Reset of protective panel 21

[0123] Manually push the protective panel 21 upwards to raise the lifting sliding plate 25 along the slide groove 13 until the protective panel 21 completely covers the lens.

[0124] Due to the cooperative design of the slide groove 13 and the slider 26, the lifting sliding plate 25 moves smoothly and will not jam.

[0125] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A centimeter-level laser ranging device for deep tillage operations in agricultural machinery, characterized in that, The system includes a laser rangefinder (1) and a lens mounted at the front end of the laser rangefinder (1). A base plate is mounted on the bottom of the laser rangefinder (1). A first groove (11) is formed on the top of the base plate. A second groove (12) is formed at the end of the laser rangefinder (1). A third groove (14) is formed on the top of the laser rangefinder (1) and communicates with the second groove (12) and the first groove (11). An air inlet filter (15) is embedded in the bottom of the third groove (14) through the interior of the laser rangefinder (1). A one-way exhaust valve is embedded in the laser rangefinder (1) at the end away from the first groove (11). The protective assembly includes a protective panel (21), on which a square hole (22) of the same size as the opening of the air inlet filter (15) is opened through. A magnetic suction plate (23) is rotatably installed on the top of the protective panel (21) and magnetically attracted and fixed in the third groove (14). A lifting sliding plate (25) is rotatably installed on the bottom of the protective panel (21) and slidably installed in the second groove (12). A protective baffle (27) is vertically fixed on one side of the lifting sliding plate (25).

2. The centimeter-level laser ranging device for deep tillage operations in agricultural machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two opposite inner walls of the second groove (12) are provided with sliding grooves (13), and the two sides of the lifting sliding plate (25) are fixedly installed with sliders (26), and the two sliders (26) are respectively slidably installed in the corresponding sliding grooves (13).

3. The centimeter-level laser ranging device for deep tillage operations in agricultural machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser rangefinder (1) has a built-in cooling fan, and the input end of the cooling fan is opposite to the air inlet filter (15).

4. The centimeter-level laser ranging device for deep tillage operations in agricultural machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that, Mounting strips (16) are fixedly installed on both sides of the base plate, and strip-shaped mounting holes are opened through both mounting strips (16).

5. A centimeter-level laser ranging device for deep tillage operations in agricultural machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that, A square inner groove is provided on one side of the magnetic plate (23), and a square magnetic ring (24) is embedded and fixedly installed in the square inner groove. The square magnetic ring (24) is always magnetically attracted and fixed to the bottom of the third groove (14).

6. A centimeter-level laser ranging device for deep tillage operations in agricultural machinery according to claim 5, characterized in that, A handle is vertically fixed on the side of the magnetic plate (23) away from the square magnetic ring (24).

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