A tool press block fall-off detection device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tool pressure block falls off detection device, including sword box body, sword box body is installed on the cutter head, and the inside of sword box body is equipped with the limit groove, and the limit groove is equipped with the hob, and the hob middle position is connected with the sword axle, and the sword axle is matched with the installation slot, and one side of sword axle is equipped with the tool pressure block, and the inside of tool pressure block is equipped with the installation slot, and the inside of installation slot is equipped with the semi -active RFID, and the first rubber shock pad is installed to the inside four -around of installation slot, the utility model discloses the integration semi -active RFID label in the tool pressure block inside, utilizes radio frequency technology, can carry out continuous, uninterrupted real -time monitoring to the working condition of every tool pressure block. When the pressure block rotates with the cutter head, its RFID signal presents stable circular motion track on the monitoring terminal. Once the pressure block falls off because of loosening, its signal track will become in disorder or completely disappear. This makes the operator be able to know the dangerous situation in the first time before or when the accident occurs, and completely changes the lag mode of traditional artificial periodical inspection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tool detachment detection technology, and more specifically, to a tool clamping block detachment detection device. Background Technology

[0002] During tunneling, the cutterhead of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) is a critical component that directly contacts the soil and rock mass and performs cutting and excavation. Its reliability and stability directly determine the overall tunneling efficiency, construction safety, and comprehensive cost control of the entire project. On the TBM cutterhead, cutting tools such as roller cutters are typically fixed to the cutter box by cutter clamps (also called cutter blocks or clamps) to withstand the enormous impacts, vibrations, and alternating loads during tunneling. However, during prolonged and high-intensity tunneling operations in complex and variable urban strata (such as uneven soil layers, gravel layers, and fractured zones), the cutter clamps are highly susceptible to bolt loosening or even complete detachment due to continuous vibration and impact. Once a clamp detaches, the roller cutter it holds will lose its restraint and may fly off under the centrifugal force of the rotating cutterhead. This can cause cascading damage to adjacent cutters and, in severe cases, even jam the cutterhead, leading to unplanned TBM shutdowns, major engineering accidents, project delays, equipment damage, and high maintenance costs.

[0003] Currently, the industry generally relies on manual visual inspections by construction personnel during tunnel boring machine (TBM) shutdown maintenance to monitor the condition of the cutting tools. This inspection method has a long inspection cycle, cannot achieve continuous and real-time monitoring, and is difficult to detect potential problems in time when the clamping blocks are loose. Secondly, manual inspection is greatly affected by the experience, sense of responsibility of the personnel, and working environment (such as mud and water accumulation in front of the cutterhead), resulting in a high risk of missed or false detections. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the problems in the related technologies, this utility model proposes a tool clamping block detachment detection device to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the existing related technologies.

[0005] Therefore, the specific technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A tool clamping block detachment detection device includes a tool housing, which is mounted on a tool disc. The tool housing has a limiting groove inside, and a roller cutter is provided inside the limiting groove. A tool shaft is connected to the middle of the roller cutter. The tool shaft matches the mounting groove. A tool clamping block is provided on one side of the tool shaft. The tool clamping block has a mounting groove inside, and a semi-active RFID is provided inside the mounting groove. A first rubber shock-absorbing pad is installed around the inside of the mounting groove.

[0007] Furthermore, a fixing cover is provided at the top of the mounting groove, and a second rubber shock-absorbing pad is provided below the fixing cover. A sealing ring is provided on the outside of the second rubber shock-absorbing pad, and the sealing ring is connected to the fixing cover.

[0008] Furthermore, the fixed cover and the tool clamping block are connected by countersunk bolts.

[0009] Furthermore, the semi-active RFID and the reader are connected via radio frequency signals.

[0010] Furthermore, the reader is mounted on a mounting plate, which is connected to the front shield bulkhead.

[0011] Furthermore, a blade compartment partition is provided on one side of the front shield partition, and a sleeve is connected through the blade compartment partition and the front shield partition. The receiving signal antenna of the reader is located inside the sleeve.

[0012] Furthermore, a sealing plate is provided on the outside of the casing, and the sealing plate is connected to the tool magazine partition.

[0013] Furthermore, the tool clamping block is connected to the tool housing using hexagonal bolts.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0015] (1) This device integrates semi-active RFID tags inside the cutter block and utilizes radio frequency technology to continuously and uninterruptedly monitor the working status of each cutter block in real time. When the block rotates with the cutterhead, its RFID signal presents a stable circular motion trajectory on the monitoring terminal; once the block falls off due to loosening, its signal trajectory becomes chaotic or disappears completely. This allows operators to be aware of the danger before or during an accident, completely changing the lagging mode of traditional manual periodic inspections, effectively preventing major safety accidents such as chain damage to cutters and cutterhead jamming caused by block detachment, and greatly improving the inherent safety level of shield tunneling.

[0016] (2) By setting a first rubber shock-absorbing pad around the semi-active RFID, the mechanical impact and vibration from the cutter head are effectively absorbed and buffered, preventing the tag from being damaged by secondary collisions. Secondly, by setting a fixed cover and adding a second rubber shock-absorbing pad and sealing ring at the joint surface between the fixed cover and the cutter block, and connecting with countersunk bolts, a double shock-absorbing and highly sealed cavity structure is formed. This design not only further enhances the overall vibration resistance, but also effectively isolates the intrusion of harmful media such as mud, water, and dust, ensuring the long-term reliable operation of the internal electronic components and significantly extending the service life of the monitoring device. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view of a tool clamping block detachment detection device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the internal structure of the tool box of a tool clamping block detachment detection device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the tool clamping block of a tool clamping block detection device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the tool clamping block in a tool clamping block detachment detection device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a partial schematic diagram of the cutter disc of a cutter block detachment detection device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the front shield of a tunnel boring machine for detecting the detachment of a cutting tool block according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] In the picture:

[0025] 1. Tool box body; 2. Tool disc; 3. Limiting groove; 4. Hob; 5. Tool shaft; 6. Tool clamping block; 7. Mounting groove; 8. Semi-active RFID; 9. First rubber shock absorber; 10. Fixing cover; 11. Second rubber shock absorber; 12. Sealing ring; 13. Countersunk bolt; 14. Mounting plate; 15. Tool compartment partition; 16. Sleeve; 17. Sealing plate; 18. Hex bolt; 19. Reader; 20. Front shield partition. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a tool clamping block detachment detection device is provided.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the cutter clamping block detachment detection device according to an embodiment of this utility model includes a cutter box body 1. The cutter box body 1 serves as the bearing base for the roller cutter 4 and is firmly installed on the cutterhead 2 of the tunnel boring machine by welding or high-strength bolts, forming the basic framework of the cutterhead 2 cutting system. A limiting groove 3 is provided inside the cutter box body 1, and the roller cutter 4 is located inside the limiting groove 3. A cutter shaft 5 is connected to the middle of the roller cutter 4. Both ends of the cutter shaft 5 extend and are embedded in the limiting groove 3 of the cutter box body 1, matching the cutter shaft 5 with the limiting groove 3. A cutter clamping block 6 is provided on one side of the cutter shaft 5. Its core function is to firmly press the roller cutter 4 into the limiting groove 3 of the cutter box body 1 through mechanical preload, preventing it from shifting or detaching due to huge impact forces during tunneling. The tool clamping block 6 is connected to the tool box 1 by hexagonal bolts 18. The tool clamping block 6 has an installation groove 7 inside, and a semi-active RFID 8 is installed inside the installation groove 7. The first rubber shock-absorbing pad 9 is installed around the inside of the installation groove 7. The shock-absorbing pad is made of highly elastic and aging-resistant rubber material, which can effectively absorb and attenuate the high-frequency vibration and instantaneous impact energy from the cutting process of the cutter head 2, providing the first physical protection barrier for the RFID.

[0030] The top of the mounting groove 7 is provided with a fixing cover 10, and a second rubber shock-absorbing pad 11 is provided below the fixing cover 10. Together with the first rubber shock-absorbing pad 9, they form a "sandwich" double shock-absorbing structure, which further improves the overall vibration resistance. A sealing ring 12 is provided on the outside of the second rubber shock-absorbing pad 11. The sealing ring 12 is connected to the fixing cover 10. The fixing cover 10 is connected to the cutter pressure block 6 by a countersunk bolt 13. When the countersunk bolt 13 tightens the fixing cover 10 on the cutter pressure block 6, the sealing ring 12 is deformed under pressure and forms a tight interference fit with the contact surface, thereby achieving a high-level waterproof and dustproof seal for the internal electronic cavity, effectively preventing the intrusion of corrosive media such as mud, water and dust generated during the tunneling process, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the internal electronic components.

[0031] like Figure 6As shown, the semi-active RFID 8 and the reader 19 are connected via radio frequency signals. The reader 19 is mounted on the mounting plate 14, which is connected to the front shield bulkhead 20. When the cutterhead 2 rotates, the semi-active RFID 8, installed in the cutter clamping block 6, periodically transmits a wireless signal containing its unique identifier. The reception of this signal is accomplished by the reader 19 fixed at the front of the tunnel boring machine. A cutter compartment bulkhead 15 is provided on one side of the front shield bulkhead 20, and a sleeve 16 is connected between the cutter compartment bulkhead 15 and the front shield bulkhead 20 to effectively guide the signal from the reader 19 to the working area of ​​the cutterhead 2, while simultaneously achieving pressure and media isolation between the front shield and the cutter compartment. The receiving signal antenna of the reader 19 is located inside the sleeve 16, with one end of the sleeve 16 leading to the reader 19 on the front shield bulkhead 20 side and the other end extending into the cutter compartment area. The receiving antenna of the reader 19 is precisely positioned inside the sleeve 16, enabling it to receive RFID signals from each pressure block on the rotating cutter head 2 to the maximum extent. A sealing plate 17 is provided on the outer side of the sleeve 16 facing the cutter magazine. The sealing plate 17 is welded or screwed to the cutter magazine partition 15, forming a robust barrier. The sealing plate 17 has micro-perforations, the size of which is precisely designed to allow radio frequency signals to pass through with low attenuation while effectively preventing large particles such as mud, water, and gravel from entering the sleeve 16. This achieves excellent physical protection and sealing isolation while ensuring signal transmission.

[0032] To facilitate understanding of the above-mentioned technical solutions of this utility model, the working principle or operation method of this utility model in actual process will be described in detail below.

[0033] In summary, with the help of the above-mentioned technical solution of this utility model, during the normal tunneling process of the tunnel boring machine, the cutterhead 2 drives multiple cutters 4 mounted on it to cut the soil in front. At this time, each cutter block 6 is firmly fixed to the cutter box 1 by hexagonal bolts 18, and the semi-active RFID 8 tag integrated inside it moves synchronously in a circular motion with the cutterhead 2. The reader 19 continuously captures the radio frequency signals emitted by the semi-active RFID 8 tags of each block through its receiving antenna installed in the sleeve 16. After receiving these signals, the monitoring system calculates in real time and plots the dynamic position trajectory of each cutter block 6 on the terminal monitoring interface based on parameters such as the arrival time, intensity, and rotation speed of the cutterhead 2. When the block is in a normal state, because it rotates stably with the cutterhead 2, the signal points of all blocks will show a regular and continuous circular or ring-shaped motion trajectory, and the system determines it to be in a "safe" state.

[0034] When a tool holder 6, due to prolonged vibration and impact, causes the hexagonal bolt 18 to loosen and subsequently detach from the tool housing 1, its motion state will fundamentally change. The detached holder is no longer constrained by the cutterhead 2 and, under the influence of centrifugal force, mud flow, and collisions with other components, rolls or jumps irregularly inside the tool chamber. At this time, the RFID tag inside the holder also moves erratically. The signal point position received by the reader 19 will no longer follow the original circular path but will appear as a random, jumping, and discontinuous trajectory on the monitoring interface. The monitoring system, through its built-in trajectory analysis algorithm, identifies this abnormal pattern and immediately determines it as "holder detachment." Operators can then take emergency measures such as stopping the machine immediately or adjusting tunneling parameters to prevent the accident from escalating.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A tool clamping block detachment detection device, characterized in that, Includes a tool box (1), which is mounted on a tool disc (2). The tool box (1) has a limiting groove (3) inside, and a hob (4) is provided inside the limiting groove (3). A tool shaft (5) is connected to the middle of the hob (4). The tool shaft (5) matches the limiting groove (3). A tool clamping block (6) is provided on one side of the tool shaft (5). An installation groove (7) is provided inside the tool clamping block (6). A semi-active RFID (8) is provided inside the installation groove (7). A first rubber shock-absorbing pad (9) is installed around the inside of the installation groove (7).

2. The tool clamping block detachment detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting groove (7) is provided with a fixed cover (10) at the top, and a second rubber shock absorber (11) is provided below the fixed cover (10). A sealing ring (12) is provided on the outside of the second rubber shock absorber (11), and the sealing ring (12) is connected to the fixed cover (10).

3. The tool clamping block detachment detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed cover (10) and the tool clamping block (6) are connected by countersunk bolts (13).

4. The tool clamping block detachment detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The semi-active RFID (8) and the reader (19) are connected via radio frequency signals.

5. The tool clamping block detachment detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reader (19) is mounted on the mounting plate (14), which is connected to the front shield bulkhead (20).

6. The tool clamping block detachment detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A blade compartment partition (15) is provided on one side of the front shield partition (20). A sleeve (16) is connected between the blade compartment partition (15) and the front shield partition (20). The receiving signal antenna of the reader (19) is located inside the sleeve (16).

7. The tool clamping block detachment detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing plate (17) is provided on the outside of the sleeve (16), and the sealing plate (17) is connected to the tool magazine partition (15).

8. The tool clamping block detachment detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tool clamping block (6) is connected to the tool box body (1) by hex bolts (18).

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