Madison hemisphere experiment demonstration device

Abstract

The utility model provides a madstone hemisphere experiment demonstration device relates to the technical field of experiment demonstration device, including show stand, demonstration subassembly, the lower part of show stand sets up support frame, and demonstration subassembly includes lower hemisphere, upper hemisphere, tension part, vacuum pump, lower hemisphere is fixed on the support frame, and lower hemisphere is connected with vacuum pump, upper hemisphere can cover and close on lower hemisphere, one end of tension part is connected with the top of upper hemisphere, and tension part is connected with the top of show stand, and the other end of tension part is free end, and tension part conversion force direction to exert the tension to upper hemisphere, when the visitor enters madstone hemisphere experiment demonstration device, through vacuum pump, lower hemisphere and upper hemisphere are tightly closed together, the visitor is parallel with the central axis of upper hemisphere, the visitor exerts external force and pulls tension part, and tension part conversion force direction makes upper hemisphere receive vertical tension, and the visitor feels the existence of atmospheric pressure according to the force size.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of experimental demonstration devices, specifically relating to a Magdeburg hemisphere experimental demonstration device. Background Technology

[0002] The Magdeburg Hemispheres (German: Magdeburger Halbkugeln), also known as the Magdeburg Hemispheres, are a pair of hollow bronze hemispheres used in a physics experiment conducted on May 8, 1654, by the German physicist and then mayor of Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke, in Regensburg (now Regensburg, Germany) in the Holy Roman Empire. In this experiment, the experimenter first removed the air from the two completely sealed hemispheres, then used horses to pull them outwards from both sides to demonstrate the effect of atmospheric pressure.

[0003] The Magdeburg hemispheres experiment, a classic experiment in physics, is widely used in science museums for popular science education. However, most existing science museums display the Magdeburg hemispheres experiment through electronic display systems, such as using multimedia devices to control the process through vacuum pumps, solenoid valves, and graphics workstations. However, electronic display systems focus on virtual interaction, which prevents visitors from directly participating in the tensile experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a practical Magdeburg hemispheres experiment demonstration device.

[0005] A Magdeburg hemispheres experiment demonstration device includes a display stand and a demonstration component. A support frame is provided at the lower part of the display stand. The demonstration component includes a lower hemisphere, an upper hemisphere, a tensioning component, and a vacuum pump. The lower hemisphere is fixed to the support frame. The upper hemisphere and the lower hemisphere form a sphere. The lower hemisphere is connected to the vacuum pump. The upper hemisphere can cover the lower hemisphere. One end of the tensioning component is connected to the top of the upper hemisphere and the top of the display stand. The other end of the tensioning component is a free end. The tensioning component changes its force direction to apply an upward pulling force to the upper hemisphere.

[0006] Preferably, the tensioning component includes a first fixed pulley, a second fixed pulley, and a first tension rope. The first fixed pulley is located directly above the upper hemisphere, and the second fixed pulley is located on the same horizontal plane as the first fixed pulley. Both the first and second fixed pulleys are rotatably connected to the top of the display rack. One end of the first tension rope is connected to the top of the upper hemisphere, and the other end of the first tension rope is vertically downward around the first and second fixed pulleys. The first tension rope is slidably connected to the first and second fixed pulleys.

[0007] Preferably, the tensioning component includes a third fixed pulley, a fourth fixed pulley, a fifth fixed pulley, a first movable pulley, a second movable pulley, a second tension rope, a connecting rope, and a connecting frame. The third fixed pulley, the fourth fixed pulley, the first movable pulley, and the second movable pulley are vertically distributed from top to bottom and located directly above the upper hemisphere. The third fixed pulley and the fourth fixed pulley form a fixed pulley group, and the first movable pulley and the second movable pulley form a movable pulley group. The third fixed pulley and the fifth fixed pulley are located on the same horizontal plane. The third fixed pulley and the fourth fixed pulley are respectively connected to the display rack. The top of the structure is rotatably connected. The first movable pulley and the second movable pulley are rotatably connected to the connecting frame. One end of the second tension rope is connected to the display stand. The other end of the second tension rope is vertically downward, sequentially wrapping around the first movable pulley, the fourth fixed pulley, the second movable pulley, the third fixed pulley, and the fifth fixed pulley. The second tension rope is slidably connected to the third fixed pulley, the fourth fixed pulley, the fifth fixed pulley, the first movable pulley, and the second movable pulley. One end of the connecting rope is connected to the bottom of the connecting frame, and the other end of the connecting rope is connected to the top of the upper hemisphere.

[0008] Preferably, the system further includes a protective component, which includes a fixing ring, a protective ring, and a connecting rod. The protective ring is located directly above the fixing ring, and the fixing ring is fixedly connected to the support frame. The lower hemisphere is fixedly disposed inside the fixing ring. The top of the fixing ring is connected to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the bottom of the protective ring. The upper hemisphere can move up and down between the fixing ring and the protective ring, but cannot leave the space between the protective ring and the fixing ring.

[0009] Preferably, the protective assembly further includes a stop plate connected to the outer edge of the upper hemisphere, the stop plate preventing the upper hemisphere from leaving the space between the protective ring and the fixing ring.

[0010] Preferably, the protective assembly further includes a buffer member, one end of which is connected to the stop plate, and the other end of which is a free end, capable of contacting the bottom of the protective ring.

[0011] Preferably, there are four connecting rods and two stop plates. The connecting rods are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the protective ring. The connecting rods at each end form the trajectory for the movement of the stop plate. The stop plate is located between the connecting rods at each end. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the top of the fixed ring, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the bottom of the protective ring.

[0012] Preferably, a sensor is provided on the lower hemisphere, an operation panel is provided on the display rack, and a start button, a stop button, and a display screen are provided on the operation panel. The start button is electrically connected to the vacuum pump, the sensor is electrically connected to the display screen, and the stop button is electrically connected to the vacuum pump.

[0013] Preferably, the protective component further includes an electromagnet and a locking key. The electromagnet is disposed on the fixing ring, and the electromagnet and the stop plate are located on the same vertical line. The electromagnet and the locking key are electrically connected.

[0014] Preferably, sealing rings are provided on the contact surfaces of the upper and lower hemispheres.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0016] This utility model relates to a Magdeburg hemispheres experiment demonstration device, comprising a display stand and a demonstration component. A support frame is provided at the lower part of the display stand. The demonstration component includes a lower hemisphere, an upper hemisphere, a tensioning component, and a vacuum pump. The lower hemisphere is fixed to the support frame, and the upper and lower hemispheres form a sphere. The lower hemisphere is connected to the vacuum pump, and the upper hemisphere can cover the lower hemisphere. One end of the tensioning component is connected to the top of the upper hemisphere, and the tensioning component is also connected to the top of the display stand. The other end of the tensioning component... One end is a free end. The pulling part changes the direction of force to apply an upward pulling force to the upper hemisphere. When visitors enter the Magdeburg hemispheres experimental demonstration device, a vacuum pump is used to create a vacuum, and the lower hemisphere and upper hemisphere are tightly closed together. The visitors are parallel to the central axis of the upper hemisphere. Only one visitor needs to apply external force to pull the pulling part. The pulling part changes the direction of force, so that the upper hemisphere is subjected to a vertical upward pulling force. In turn, the upper hemisphere and lower hemisphere are subjected to a separating pulling force. The visitors can feel the existence of atmospheric pressure according to the magnitude of the applied force.

[0017] Furthermore, the Magdeburg hemispheres experimental demonstration device has a simple structure, making it easy for visitors to operate.

[0018] On the other hand, when visitors pull the tension section to feel the presence of atmospheric pressure, they can also further demonstrate the mechanical properties, understand the change in the direction of force, and how to save effort. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the Magdeburg hemispheres experiment demonstration device.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the Magdeburg hemispheres experimental demonstration device from another angle.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a side view of the Magdeburg hemispheres experimental demonstration apparatus.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the BB direction.

[0024] The diagram shows: Magdeburg hemispheres experiment demonstration device 10, display rack 100, support frame 110, operation panel 120, start button 130, stop button 140, display screen 150, locking key 160, lower hemisphere 210, sensor 211, sealing ring 212, upper hemisphere 220, first fixed pulley 231, second fixed pulley 232, first tension rope 233, third fixed pulley 234, fourth fixed pulley 235, fifth fixed pulley 236, first movable pulley 237, second movable pulley 238, second tension rope 239, connecting rope 241, connecting frame 242, vacuum pump 240, fixing ring 310, protective ring 320, connecting rod 330, stop plate 340, buffer 350, electromagnet 360. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions and effects of the embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 A Magdeburg hemispheres experiment demonstration device 10 includes a display stand 100 and a demonstration component. A support frame 110 is provided at the lower part of the display stand 100. The demonstration component includes a lower hemisphere 210, an upper hemisphere 220, a tensioning component, and a vacuum pump 240. The lower hemisphere 210 is fixed to the support frame 110. The upper hemisphere 220 and the lower hemisphere 210 form a sphere. The lower hemisphere 210 is connected to the vacuum pump 240. The upper hemisphere 220 can cover the lower hemisphere 210. One end of the tensioning component is connected to the top of the upper hemisphere 220, and the tensioning component is also connected to the top of the display stand 100. The other end of the tensioning component is a free end. The tensioning component changes its force direction to apply an upward pulling force to the upper hemisphere 220.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0028] This utility model relates to a Magdeburg hemispheres experiment demonstration device 10, comprising a display stand 100 and demonstration components. A support frame 110 is provided at the lower part of the display stand 100. The demonstration components include a lower hemisphere 210, an upper hemisphere 220, a tensioning component, and a vacuum pump 240. The lower hemisphere 210 is fixed to the support frame 110. The upper hemisphere 220 and the lower hemisphere 210 form a sphere. The lower hemisphere 210 is connected to the vacuum pump 240. The upper hemisphere 220 can cover the lower hemisphere 210. One end of the tensioning component is connected to the top of the upper hemisphere 220. The tensioning component is connected to the display stand 100. The top is connected, and the other end of the tensioning part is a free end. The tensioning part changes the direction of force to apply an upward tension to the upper hemisphere 220. When visitors enter the Magdeburg hemisphere experimental demonstration device 10, a vacuum is drawn by the vacuum pump 240, and the lower hemisphere 210 and the upper hemisphere 220 are tightly closed together. The visitors are parallel to the central axis of the upper hemisphere 220, and only one visitor needs to apply external force to pull the tensioning part. The tensioning part changes the direction of force, so that the upper hemisphere 220 is subjected to a vertical upward tension, and then the upper hemisphere 220 and the lower hemisphere 210 are subjected to a separation tension. The visitors feel the existence of atmospheric pressure according to the magnitude of the applied force.

[0029] Furthermore, the Magdeburg hemisphere experimental demonstration device 10 has a simple structure, making it easy for visitors to operate.

[0030] On the other hand, when visitors pull the tension section to feel the presence of atmospheric pressure, they can also further demonstrate the mechanical properties, understand the change in the direction of force, and how to save effort.

[0031] Specifically, the demonstration device can be several, and the lower hemispheres 210 of each demonstration component are connected to the vacuum pump 240. The connection and disconnection between the lower hemisphere 210 of each demonstration component and the vacuum pump 240 are controlled by a solenoid valve.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 5Furthermore, the tensioning component includes a first fixed pulley 231, a second fixed pulley 232, and a first tension rope 233. The first fixed pulley 231 is located directly above the upper hemisphere 220, and the second fixed pulley 232 is located on the same horizontal plane as the first fixed pulley 231. Both the first fixed pulley 231 and the second fixed pulley 232 are rotatably connected to the top of the display rack 100. One end of the first tension rope 233 is connected to the top of the upper hemisphere 220, and the other end of the first tension rope 233 is vertically downward around the first fixed pulley 231 and the second fixed pulley 232. The first tension rope 233 is slidably connected to the first fixed pulley 231 and the second fixed pulley 232. When a visitor pulls the first tension rope 233 to apply external force, the first tension rope 233 changes the direction of force through the first fixed pulley 231 and the second fixed pulley 232, so that the upper hemisphere 220 is subjected to an upward tension.

[0033] In one embodiment: the upper hemisphere 220 and the lower hemisphere 210 are closed, the vacuum pump 240 evacuates the inside of the sphere formed by the upper hemisphere 220 and the lower hemisphere 210, and then the first fixed pulley 231, the second fixed pulley 232 and the first tension rope 233 apply external force to the upper hemisphere 220 to perform the Magdeburg experiment.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5Furthermore, the tensioning component includes a third fixed pulley 234, a fourth fixed pulley 235, a fifth fixed pulley 236, a first movable pulley 237, a second movable pulley 238, a second tension rope 239, a connecting rope 241, and a connecting frame 242. The third fixed pulley 234, the fourth fixed pulley 235, the first movable pulley 237, and the second movable pulley 238 are vertically distributed from top to bottom and located directly above the upper hemisphere 220. The third fixed pulley 234 and the fourth fixed pulley 235 form a... A fixed pulley system is formed, with the first movable pulley 237 and the second movable pulley 238 constituting a movable pulley system. The third fixed pulley 234 and the fifth fixed pulley 236 are located on the same horizontal plane. The third fixed pulley 234 and the fourth fixed pulley 235 are rotatably connected to the top of the display rack 100. The first movable pulley 237 and the second movable pulley 238 are rotatably connected to the connecting frame 242. One end of the second tension rope 239 is connected to the display rack 100. The other end of the rope 9 is vertically downward, sequentially surrounding the first movable pulley 237, the fourth fixed pulley 235, the second movable pulley 238, the third fixed pulley 234, and the fifth fixed pulley 236. The second tension rope 239 is slidably connected to the third fixed pulley 234, the fourth fixed pulley 235, the fifth fixed pulley 236, the first movable pulley 237, and the second movable pulley 238. One end of the connecting rope 241 is connected to the bottom of the connecting frame 242, and the other end of the connecting rope 241 is connected to the upper hemisphere. The top connection of 220 converts the vertical force into a horizontal force through the fifth fixed pulley 236 and the third fixed pulley 234, and then converts the horizontal force into a vertical force through the third pulley and the fourth fixed pulley 235. Then, the third fixed pulley 234, the fourth fixed pulley 235 and the fifth fixed pulley 236 apply an external force to the movable pulley group. The movable pulley group drives the connecting rope 241, and the connecting rope 241 drives the upper hemisphere 220, so that the upper hemisphere 220 is subjected to an upward pulling force.

[0035] Specifically, a connecting frame is fixedly installed at the lower part of the display rack 100. The third fixed pulley 234 and the fourth fixed pulley 235 are located in the connecting frame in sequence. The third fixed pulley 234 and the fourth fixed pulley 235 are rotatably connected to the connecting frame. One end of the second tension rope 239 is connected to the connecting frame, and the other end of the second tension rope 239 is vertically downward, wrapping around the first movable pulley 237, the fourth fixed pulley 235, the second movable pulley 238, the third fixed pulley 234, and the fifth fixed pulley 236 in sequence.

[0036] In one embodiment, the upper hemisphere 220 and the lower hemisphere 210 are closed, and the vacuum pump 240 evacuates the inside of the sphere formed by the upper hemisphere 220 and the lower hemisphere 210. Then, an external force is applied to the upper hemisphere 220 through the third fixed pulley 234, the fourth fixed pulley 235, the fifth fixed pulley 236, the first movable pulley 237, the second movable pulley 238, the second tension rope 239, and the connecting rope 241 to conduct the Magdeburg hemisphere experiment.

[0037] In another embodiment, at least two sets of demonstration devices 10 are provided on the display rack 100. One set of demonstration devices 10 has a first fixed pulley 231, a second fixed pulley 232, and a first tension rope 233 as its tension component. The other set of demonstration devices 10 has a third fixed pulley 234, a fourth fixed pulley 235, a fifth fixed pulley 236, a first movable pulley 237, a second movable pulley 238, a second tension rope 239, a connecting rope 241, and a connecting frame 242 as its tension component. Visitors can freely choose whether to conduct the Magdeburg hemispheres experiment using only fixed pulleys or using a combination of fixed pulleys and movable pulleys.

[0038] In another embodiment, at least two sets of demonstration devices 10 are set on the display rack 100. One set of demonstration devices 10 has a first fixed pulley 231, a second fixed pulley 232, and a first tension rope 233 as its tension component. The other set of demonstration devices 10 has a third fixed pulley 234, a fourth fixed pulley 235, a fifth fixed pulley 236, a first movable pulley 237, a second movable pulley 238, a second tension rope 239, a connecting rope 241, and a connecting frame 242 as its tension component. The upper hemisphere 220 and the lower hemisphere 210 are closed without vacuuming, or the vacuum levels of the two sets of demonstration devices 10 are the same. Then, visitors apply external forces to the two sets of demonstration devices 10 to demonstrate different mechanics and experience how different pulley combinations result in different applied external forces.

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 Furthermore, it also includes a protective component, which includes a fixing ring 310, a protective ring 320, and a connecting rod 330. The protective ring 320 is located directly above the fixing ring 310. The fixing ring 310 is fixedly connected to the support frame 110. The lower hemisphere 210 is fixedly disposed inside the fixing ring 310. The top of the fixing ring 310 is connected to one end of the connecting rod 330, and the other end of the connecting rod 330 is connected to the bottom of the protective ring 320. The upper hemisphere 220 can move up and down between the fixing ring 310 and the protective ring 320, but cannot leave the space between the protective ring 320 and the fixing ring 310. By setting the protective ring 320, it prevents visitors from applying an external force far greater than that that could pull the upper hemisphere 220 apart when the vacuum level is insufficient, thus preventing the upper hemisphere 220 from suddenly rising and causing damage to the Magdeburg hemisphere experimental demonstration device 10, as well as the danger of visitors falling due to the sudden rise of the upper hemisphere 220.

[0040] Furthermore, the protective assembly also includes a stop plate 340, which is connected to the outer edge of the upper hemisphere 220. The stop plate 340 prevents the upper hemisphere 220 from leaving the space between the protective ring 320 and the fixing ring 310, thereby confining the upper hemisphere 220 within the protective ring 320.

[0041] Furthermore, the protective assembly also includes a buffer 350, one end of which is connected to the stop plate 340, and the other end of which is a free end. The other end of the buffer 350 can contact the bottom of the protective ring 320. For example, the buffer 350 is a spring. When the upper hemisphere 220 suddenly rises, the free end of the spring contacts the bottom of the protective ring 320 in advance, using the elasticity of the spring to buffer the force of the sudden rise and prevent damage to the protective ring 320.

[0042] Furthermore, there are four connecting rods 330 and two stop plates 340. The connecting rods 330 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the protective ring 320. The movement trajectory of the stop plate 340 is formed between the connecting rods 330 at each end. The stop plate 340 is located between the connecting rods 330 at each end. One end of the connecting rod 330 is connected to the top of the fixing ring 310, and the other end of the connecting rod 330 is connected to the bottom of the protective ring 320. On the one hand, the connecting rod 330 serves as a connector to connect the fixing ring 310 and the protective ring 320. On the other hand, the connecting rods 330 at each end limit the lateral movement of the stop plate 340, preventing the upper hemisphere 220 from failing to close with the lower hemisphere 210 to form a sphere when it is closed due to shaking.

[0043] Furthermore, a sensor 211 is installed on the lower hemisphere 210 to detect the pressure of the sphere formed by the upper and lower hemispheres. An operation panel 120 is installed on the display rack 100, with the operation panel 120 and the support frame 110 located on opposite sides of the display rack 100. The operation panel 120 is equipped with a start button 130, a stop button 140, and a display screen 150. The start button 130 is electrically connected to the vacuum pump 240, the sensor 211 is electrically connected to the display screen 150, and the stop button 140 is electrically connected to the vacuum pump 240. When visitors want to experience the experiment, they first click the start button 130, and the vacuum pump 240 starts to draw a vacuum. When the vacuum level inside the sphere formed by the upper hemisphere 220 and the lower hemisphere 210 reaches the set value, the vacuum level is displayed on the display screen 150. Then, they click the stop button 140 to stop the vacuuming and conduct the Magdeburg experiment.

[0044] Furthermore, the protective component also includes an electromagnet 360 and a locking key 160. The electromagnet 360 is disposed on the fixing ring 310. The electromagnet 360 and the stop plate 340 are located on the same vertical line. The electromagnet 360 is electrically connected to the locking key 160. When the vacuum degree inside the sphere formed by the upper hemisphere 220 and the lower hemisphere 210 does not reach the set value or when someone leaves during a non-working day, in order to prevent accidental operation that could damage the upper hemisphere 220 or the protective ring 320, the locking key 160 is pressed to lock the upper hemisphere 220 and the lower hemisphere 210 tightly, preventing them from being opened. When a staff member is present, the locking key 160 is pressed again to unlock the sphere.

[0045] Furthermore, sealing rings 212 are provided on the contact surfaces of the upper hemisphere 220 and the lower hemisphere 210.

[0046] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can understand that implementing all or part of the above-described embodiments and making equivalent changes in accordance with the claims of the present utility model are still within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A Magdeburg hemispheres experiment demonstration apparatus, characterized in that, The device includes a display stand and a demonstration component. The display stand has a support frame at its lower part. The demonstration component includes a lower hemisphere, an upper hemisphere, a tensioning part, and a vacuum pump. The lower hemisphere is fixed to the support frame. The upper hemisphere and the lower hemisphere form a sphere. The lower hemisphere is connected to the vacuum pump. The upper hemisphere can cover the lower hemisphere. One end of the tensioning part is connected to the top of the upper hemisphere and the top of the display stand. The other end of the tensioning part is a free end. The tensioning part changes the direction of force to apply an upward pulling force to the upper hemisphere.

2. The Magdeburg hemispheres experimental demonstration apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tensioning component includes a first fixed pulley, a second fixed pulley, and a first tension rope. The first fixed pulley is located directly above the upper hemisphere, and the second fixed pulley is located on the same horizontal plane as the first fixed pulley. Both the first and second fixed pulleys are rotatably connected to the top of the display rack. One end of the first tension rope is connected to the top of the upper hemisphere, and the other end of the first tension rope is vertically downward around the first and second fixed pulleys. The first tension rope is slidably connected to the first and second fixed pulleys.

3. The Magdeburg hemispheres experimental demonstration apparatus as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The tensioning component includes a third fixed pulley, a fourth fixed pulley, a fifth fixed pulley, a first movable pulley, a second movable pulley, a second tension rope, a connecting rope, and a connecting frame. The third fixed pulley, fourth fixed pulley, first movable pulley, and second movable pulley are vertically arranged from top to bottom and located directly above the upper hemisphere. The third and fourth fixed pulleys form a fixed pulley group, and the first and second movable pulleys form a movable pulley group. The third and fifth fixed pulleys are located on the same horizontal plane. The third and fourth fixed pulleys are respectively connected to the top of the display rack. The components are rotatably connected, with the first movable pulley and the second movable pulley rotatably connected to the connecting frame. One end of the second tension rope is connected to the display stand, and the other end of the second tension rope is vertically downward, sequentially wrapping around the first movable pulley, the fourth fixed pulley, the second movable pulley, the third fixed pulley, and the fifth fixed pulley. The second tension rope is slidably connected to the third fixed pulley, the fourth fixed pulley, the fifth fixed pulley, the first movable pulley, and the second movable pulley. One end of the connecting rope is connected to the bottom of the connecting frame, and the other end of the connecting rope is connected to the top of the upper hemisphere.

4. The Magdeburg hemispheres experimental demonstration apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a protective component, which includes a fixed ring, a protective ring, and a connecting rod. The protective ring is located directly above the fixed ring. The fixed ring is fixedly connected to the support frame. The lower hemisphere is fixedly disposed inside the fixed ring. The top of the fixed ring is connected to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the bottom of the protective ring. The upper hemisphere can move up and down between the fixed ring and the protective ring, but cannot leave the space between the protective ring and the fixed ring.

5. The Magdeburg hemispheres experimental demonstration apparatus as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The protective assembly also includes a stop plate connected to the outer edge of the upper hemisphere, which prevents the upper hemisphere from leaving the space between the protective ring and the fixing ring.

6. The Magdeburg hemispheres experimental demonstration apparatus as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The protective assembly also includes a buffer member, one end of which is connected to the stop plate, and the other end of which is a free end, capable of contacting the bottom of the protective ring.

7. The Magdeburg hemispheres experimental demonstration apparatus as described in claim 5, characterized in that, There are four connecting rods and two stop plates. The connecting rods are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the protective ring. The connecting rods at each end form the trajectory for the movement of the stop plate. The stop plate is located between the connecting rods at each end. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the top of the fixed ring.

8. The Magdeburg hemispheres experimental demonstration apparatus as described in claim 5, characterized in that, A sensor is installed in the lower hemisphere, and an operation panel is installed on the display rack. The operation panel is equipped with a start button, a stop button, and a display screen. The start button is electrically connected to the vacuum pump, the sensor is electrically connected to the display screen, and the stop button is electrically connected to the vacuum pump.

9. The Magdeburg hemispheres experimental demonstration apparatus as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The protective component also includes an electromagnet and a locking key. The electromagnet is disposed on the fixing ring, and the electromagnet and the stop plate are located on the same vertical line. The electromagnet and the locking key are electrically connected.

10. The Magdeburg hemispheres experimental demonstration apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the upper and lower hemispheres are equipped with sealing rings on their contact surfaces.

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