Portable, magnetic reading microscope back-lash demonstration device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of teaching instruments, concretely relates to a portable, magnetic reading microscope return error demonstration device, including bottom plate, magnet, first support, second support, coarse screw rod, hand -operated drum wheel, nut sliding block, lens barrel section model and digital display grating ruler, the back of bottom plate is equipped with magnet, its front lower part parallel fixed first support and second support, coaxial bearing is installed on first support and second support, coarse screw rod is supported in bearing through both ends' coarse screw rod pivot, and its one end extends to second support outside and is fixedly connected with hand -operated drum wheel, the main ruler part of digital display grating ruler is fixedly installed on first support and second support, and its axial direction is parallel with coarse screw rod, and the sliding block of digital display grating ruler is fixedly connected with nut sliding block. The device has excellent portability and demonstration flexibility. The magnet set up on the back of bottom plate makes it can be firmly adsorbed on the iron plane such as blackboard and demonstrates, and it is convenient for the whole class students to watch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of teaching instrument technology, specifically relating to a portable, magnetically attached reading microscope hysteresis error demonstration device. Background Technology

[0002] Reading microscopes, as commonly used optical measuring instruments, are widely used in physics experiments and engineering technology for precise measurements of minute lengths. Their measurement accuracy largely depends on the precision of the mechanical transmission components, especially the clearance in the screw-nut transmission mechanism, which can lead to significant backlash error (also known as idle error). Backlash error refers to the phenomenon where, when the transmission direction changes, due to the presence of thread meshing clearance, the driven component (such as the nut slider) does not immediately follow the movement of the driving component (such as the screw), resulting in a discrepancy between the reading and the actual displacement.

[0003] In physics experiment teaching, students' understanding of hysteresis error often remains at the theoretical level, lacking intuitive and perceptual knowledge. Currently, common teaching methods mostly employ animation simulations or video demonstrations, which can explain the problem to some extent, but cannot provide a hands-on experience or realistically reproduce the mechanical mechanism of the error. Furthermore, existing demonstration devices are often large and inconvenient to fix, hindering flexible classroom demonstrations and mobile teaching.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a demonstration device that is compact, portable, highly visible, and easy to operate, which can intuitively demonstrate the generation mechanism of hysteresis error in reading microscopes and its impact on measurement, thereby improving teaching effectiveness and students' understanding. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a portable, magnetically attached reading microscope hysteresis error demonstration device to solve the problems existing in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A portable, magnetically attached reading microscope hysteresis error demonstration device includes a base plate, a magnet, a first support, a second support, a coarse screw, a hand-cranked drum wheel, a nut slider, a microscope tube cross-section model, and a digital display grating ruler; A magnet is installed on the back of the base plate, and a first bracket and a second bracket are fixed side by side on the lower part of its front side. Bearings are coaxially mounted on the first and second brackets. The coarse screw is supported in the bearings by coarse screw shafts at both ends, and one end of the screw extends to the outside of the second bracket and is fixedly connected to the hand-cranked drum wheel. The nut slider is fitted onto the coarse screw and is threaded into it; The mirror barrel cross-section model is fixedly installed above the nut slider; The main scale of the digital grating ruler is fixedly mounted on the first and second brackets, and its axis is parallel to the coarse screw. The slider of the digital grating ruler is fixedly connected to the nut slider.

[0007] Preferably, at least four magnets of the same type are installed at the four corners or other locations on the back of the base plate.

[0008] Preferably, the outer diameter of the coarse screw is not less than 50 mm and the pitch is not less than 10 mm; the pitch of the nut slider is equal to the pitch of the coarse screw, but there is a preset gap between the two threads.

[0009] Preferably, the nut slider is made of a transparent material and has a cross-sectional cutout on its side to expose the internal thread engagement with the coarse screw.

[0010] Preferably, the circumference of the hand-cranked drum wheel is uniformly engraved with 100 graduations, and the second bracket is provided with drum wheel reading lines for aligning with the graduations.

[0011] Preferably, a slider reading line is provided below the nut slider, and a nut slider main scale is printed on the base plate at the same height as the slider reading line. The scale spacing of the main scale is equal to the pitch of the coarse screw.

[0012] Preferably, the cross-sectional model of the lens barrel is an opaque plate with a transparent circular area in the center, and crosshairs are engraved in the transparent circular area.

[0013] Preferably, the overall size of the device is suitable for being housed in a suitcase, wherein the size of the base plate does not exceed 400mm × 600mm, and the overall thickness of the device does not exceed 120mm.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This device, through a series of structural innovations, achieves a clear and intuitive demonstration of backlash error. It employs a large-size, large-pitch screw in conjunction with a transparent nut slider with a cross-sectional cut. By intentionally increasing the meshing clearance, the minute backlash error is amplified, allowing students to directly observe the clearance in the threaded transmission and the backlash difference generated during reversal. Simultaneously, the cross-sectional model of the lens barrel and the slider's reading lines move synchronously with the nut slider. Combined with the scale on the main scale on the base plate and the scale on the hand-cranked drum wheel, a complete mechanical reading system is constructed, quantitatively presenting the impact of error on measurement. Furthermore, the added digital display grating ruler can display precise displacement in real time, forming a stark contrast with the mechanical reading, thus profoundly revealing the impact of backlash error on measurement accuracy.

[0015] This device combines excellent portability with demonstration flexibility. Magnets on the back of the base allow it to firmly attach to iron surfaces such as blackboards for demonstrations, making it convenient for the entire class to view. Its compact structure and optimized dimensions allow it to fit into a standard carrying case, making it easy to transport to different classrooms or laboratories. This design transforms complex mechanical principles into a visual and operable physical model, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional animated demonstrations that lack intuitiveness. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for complex installation, greatly improving teaching convenience and efficiency, and is suitable for various physics teaching and science popularization scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the right view of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] In the description of this disclosure, it should be understood that the terms “center,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this disclosure.

[0018] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0019] In the description of this disclosure, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0020] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0021] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this utility model discloses a portable, magnetically attached reading microscope hysteresis error demonstration device. It includes a base plate 1, a magnet 2, a first bracket 3, a second bracket 4, a coarse screw 5, a hand-cranked drum wheel 6, a nut slider 8, a mirror tube cross-section model 9, and a digital display grating ruler 15.

[0022] The base plate 1 serves as the mounting base for the entire device, and multiple magnets 2 are fixedly installed at the four corners of its back, enabling the device to be stably attached to vertical surfaces such as iron blackboards for demonstration.

[0023] The first bracket 3 and the second bracket 4 are fixedly mounted parallel to each other on the lower front of the base plate 1. Bearings are installed on both brackets. The coarse screw 5 is supported in the bearings of the first bracket 3 and the second bracket 4 via rotating shafts 14 at both ends, allowing it to rotate freely. A hand-cranked drum wheel 6 is fixedly mounted at the end of the rotating shaft 14 located on the outer side of the second bracket 4, for manually driving the rotation of the coarse screw 5. The circumference of the hand-cranked drum wheel 6 is evenly engraved with 100 graduations, and the second bracket 4 has drum wheel reading lines 7 for aligning the readings.

[0024] The nut slider 8 is fitted onto the coarse screw 5 through its internal threaded hole. The nut slider 8 is made of transparent material, and its side is partially cut open to directly show its thread engagement with the coarse screw 5. A key design feature is that the thread width of the nut slider 8 is machined to be significantly larger than the thread thickness of the coarse screw 5, thus artificially creating a visible engagement gap. A microscope tube cross-section model 9 is fixedly mounted above the nut slider 8, with crosshairs 10 engraved on the transparent area 11 to simulate the eyepiece field of view of a microscope.

[0025] The device is equipped with two reading systems for comparison: Mechanical reading system: A slider reading line 12 is provided below the nut slider 8. On the base plate 1, at the same height as this line, a graduated nut slider main scale 13 is printed.

[0026] Electronic reading system: The main scale of the digital display grating ruler 15 is fixedly mounted on the first bracket 3 and the second bracket 4, and is placed parallel to the coarse screw 5. The slider 16 of the digital display grating ruler is fixedly connected to the nut slider 8 and can move together with it.

[0027] The working principle of this device is designed to visually demonstrate the phenomenon of return error (empty return difference).

[0028] During operation, the hand-cranked drum wheel 6 is turned, which drives the coarse screw 5 to rotate. Through the threaded transmission, the nut slider 8 will drive the mirror barrel cross-section model 9, the slider reading scale 12, and the digital display grating ruler slider 16 to move together along the axis of the coarse screw 5.

[0029] The backlash error demonstration process is as follows: First, rotate the hand-cranked drum wheel 6 in one direction (e.g., clockwise) to move the nut slider 8 to the right. Then, begin rotating the hand-cranked drum wheel 6 in the opposite direction (counterclockwise). In the initial stage of the reverse rotation, due to the meshing gap between the nut slider 8 and the coarse screw 5, the coarse screw 5 will idle at a certain angle, while the nut slider 8 will remain temporarily stationary. This idling process can be clearly observed through the transparent side cross-section of the nut slider 8.

[0030] At this point, the two reading systems will show differences: Mechanical reading: The scale reading of the hand-cranked drum wheel 6 has changed, but the slider reading line 12 below the nut slider 8 has not moved relative to the main scale 13 on the base plate, indicating that there is an error in the mechanical reading.

[0031] Electronic reading: The displayed value of the digital grating ruler 15 remains unchanged because it directly and accurately measures the actual position of the nut slider 8.

[0032] This comparison vividly reveals the mechanism of hysteresis error and its impact on measurement results, thus achieving the goal of intuitive teaching demonstration. The entire device is compact in structure, making it easy to carry and demonstrate in class.

[0033] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A portable, magnetically attached reading microscope hysteresis error demonstration device, characterized in that, Includes base plate (1), magnet (2), first bracket (3), second bracket (4), coarse screw (5), hand-cranked drum wheel (6), nut slider (8), mirror tube cross-section model (9) and digital display grating ruler (15); A magnet (2) is installed on the back of the base plate (1), and a first bracket (3) and a second bracket (4) are fixed side by side on the lower part of its front side. Bearings are coaxially mounted on the first bracket (3) and the second bracket (4). The coarse screw (5) is supported in the bearing by the coarse screw shafts (14) at both ends, and one end of it extends to the outside of the second bracket (4) and is fixedly connected to the hand-cranked drum wheel (6). The nut slider (8) is fitted onto the coarse screw (5) and threadedly engages with it; The mirror tube cross-section model (9) is fixedly installed above the nut slider (8); The main scale part of the digital display grating ruler (15) is fixedly installed on the first bracket (3) and the second bracket (4), and its axis is parallel to the coarse screw (5). The slider (16) of the digital display grating ruler is fixedly connected to the nut slider (8).

2. The portable, magnetically attached reading microscope hysteresis error demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least four identical magnets (2) are installed at the four corners of the back of the base plate (1).

3. The portable, magnetically attached reading microscope hysteresis error demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the coarse screw (5) is not less than 50 mm and the pitch is not less than 10 mm; the pitch of the nut slider (8) is equal to the pitch of the coarse screw (5), but there is a preset gap between the two threads.

4. The portable, magnetically attached reading microscope hysteresis error demonstration device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The nut slider (8) is made of transparent material and has a cross-sectional cut on its side to expose the internal thread engagement with the coarse screw (5).

5. The portable, magnetically attached reading microscope hysteresis error demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hand-cranked drum wheel (6) has 100 graduations evenly engraved on its circumference, and the second bracket (4) is provided with drum wheel reading lines (7) for aligning with the graduations.

6. The portable, magnetically attached reading microscope hysteresis error demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Below the nut slider (8) is a slider reading line (12). On the base plate at the same height as the slider reading line (12), the nut slider main scale (13) is printed. The scale spacing of the main scale is equal to the pitch of the coarse screw (5).

7. A portable, magnetically attached reading microscope hysteresis error demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional model (9) of the lens tube is an opaque plate with a transparent circular area in the center, and crosshairs (10) are engraved in the transparent circular area.

8. The portable, magnetically attached reading microscope hysteresis error demonstration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overall size of the device is suitable for being contained in a suitcase, wherein the size of the base plate (1) does not exceed 400mm×600mm and the overall thickness of the device does not exceed 120mm.

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