A cold plate

Abstract

The utility model relates to a cold plate relates to power battery heat dissipation technical field, is convenient for adjusting the water tap position on cold plate, reduces the research and development cycle because of water tap position adjustment. Cold plate includes lower plate body, plugging plate, conversion block, water tap and upper plate body, the abutment flow channel area and exchange area are formed on lower plate body, and exchange area is located in the side edge of lower plate body, and the flow channel area is opened in the distribution direction of flow channel area and exchange area in the flow channel area and is provided with a plurality of parallel distribution flow channels, and exchange area is communicated with flow channel, and adjacent two flow channels are communicated, plugging plate is set up in exchange area, and two independent plugging cavities are formed in plugging plate, and the plugging cavity corresponds the flow channel that is opened on plugging plate, and the other plugging cavity corresponds the exchange opening that is opened on plugging plate, and the exchange opening is sealed and is communicated with one flow channel in the end along the opening direction perpendicular to flow channel, and the flow channel is communicated with other flow channel on flow channel, so that plugging cavity, flow channel, flow channel, exchange opening and the other plugging cavity can be communicated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power battery heat dissipation technology, and in particular to a cold plate. Background Technology

[0002] As power batteries develop towards higher energy storage and miniaturization, the heat generated by their cells has increased significantly, and cold plates are widely used as efficient heat dissipation components.

[0003] Traditional cold plate faucets are integrally formed or fixedly connected to the plate body. The flow channels inside the cold plate are designed to match the faucets. When the faucet position is adjusted, in order to ensure the flow distribution of the liquid cooling flow channels, the size and shape of the flow channels will be changed in all directions. At the same time, for safe production, CFD thermal simulation development and physical verification will be carried out. The whole process is long and complicated. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a cold plate that facilitates the adjustment of the water nozzle position on the cold plate, thereby reducing the research and development cycle caused by the adjustment of the water nozzle position.

[0005] This application provides a cold plate, including a lower plate, a sealing plate, a conversion block, a water nozzle, and an upper plate. The lower plate has adjacent flow channel areas and exchange areas. The exchange area is located on one side edge of the lower plate. Multiple parallel flow channels are formed within the flow channel area along the distribution direction of the flow channel area and the exchange area. The exchange area communicates with the flow channels, and two adjacent flow channels are connected. The sealing plate is disposed within the exchange area and forms two independent sealing cavities. A flow channel is formed on the sealing plate corresponding to one sealing cavity, and an exchange opening is formed on the sealing plate corresponding to the other sealing cavity. The exchange opening is sealed and connected to a flow channel located at its end along the direction perpendicular to the flow channel. The flow channel communicates with the other flow channels, allowing the sealing cavity, flow channel, flow channel, exchange opening, and the other sealing cavity to communicate. The conversion block is disposed outside the lower plate and is sealed and connected to the flow channel. Two water nozzles are provided, spaced apart, and each nozzle is used to connect to one of the two sealing cavities. The upper plate covers the lower plate and is sealed and connected to it.

[0006] In this application, the lower plate of the cold plate is divided into a "flow channel area" and an "exchange area". The flow channel area has multiple parallel and adjacent connected flow channels, which allows the coolant to evenly cover the entire flow channel area, avoids "hot spots" caused by local empty flow channels, and improves the overall heat dissipation consistency of the cold plate. The exchange area is located at the edge and does not occupy the core heat dissipation space of the flow channel area, taking into account both connection function and heat dissipation area.

[0007] The two sealing cavities inside the sealing plate are relatively isolated and connected to the flow channel only through the exchange opening and the flow channel, which prevents the coolant from flowing chaotically in the exchange area and ensures the integrity of the circulation path; the upper plate and the lower plate are sealed together, and the conversion block is sealed together with the flow channel. The double sealing structure can prevent coolant leakage and protect the electronic components around the cold plate.

[0008] The conversion block is located outside the lower plate and can be flexibly connected to external pipelines; the two water nozzles are connected to two sealing chambers respectively, clearly defining the division of labor between the inlet and outlet, which facilitates connection to the coolant circulation system.

[0009] The flow channel area inside the cold plate is relatively fixed. CFD thermal simulation has been completed during the design process, which can meet the requirements of flow and heat dissipation. The position of the conversion block determines the installation position of the water nozzle on the cold plate. By adjusting the position of the conversion block, the installation position of the water nozzle, i.e. the position of the protruding water nozzle on the cold plate, can be easily changed, thereby facilitating the design of the water nozzle movement and adapting to more scenarios and needs.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the sealing plate includes two independent plates, each with a recess forming two sealing cavities, and the two independent plates are spaced apart. The sealing plate is split into two independent plates, each of which can independently create a sealing cavity through "recessed molding," eliminating the need for a complex "cavity isolation structure" formed in one piece, reducing processing precision requirements, and lowering production costs.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, a buffer zone is formed between the side of the flow channel near the exchange area and the exchange area, and the flow channel is connected to the buffer zone so that the flow channel can connect to multiple flow channels at the same time.

[0012] The flow channel first guides the coolant into the buffer zone, and then the buffer zone distributes it evenly to multiple flow channels. This avoids the "overflow in some flow channels and underflow in others" caused by the coolant directly rushing into a single flow channel, ensuring that the flow rate of each flow channel is consistent and further improving the uniformity of heat dissipation. When the coolant flow rate fluctuates, the buffer zone can temporarily store some coolant to balance the inlet pressure of the flow channel and avoid the impact of sudden changes in flow rate on the stability of heat dissipation.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, along the opening direction of the flow channel, the buffer extends to the exchange opening of the blocking plate, the buffer and the exchange opening are independent of each other, and the end of the flow channel away from the exchange area forms a connecting area, which is connected to all flow channels.

[0014] The buffer zone and the exchange opening are independent of each other, which can prevent coolant from flowing directly from the buffer zone into the exchange opening. It ensures that the coolant must flow through all the flow channels before entering the sealing chamber, and there is no situation where "coolant that has not participated in heat exchange flows back directly", maximizing the heat dissipation area of ​​the flow channels. The connecting area can balance the pressure at the far end of all the flow channels, reduce the pressure difference at both ends of the flow channels, make the coolant flow more smoothly in the flow channels, and further reduce flow noise and energy consumption.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, all flow channels are S-shaped and connected end to end. The S-shaped flow channel significantly extends the flow path of the coolant within the cold plate, allowing the coolant more time to exchange heat with the cold plate; within the same size flow channel area, the total length of the S-shaped flow channel is much greater than that of the straight parallel flow channel, which can maximize the heat dissipation area in a limited space and adapt to the heat dissipation requirements of miniaturized equipment.

[0016] In some embodiments of this application, the conversion block is welded to the lower plate, and the conversion block is sealed to the upper plate. The conversion block and the lower plate are connected by welding, which provides high connection strength and can withstand the stress caused by changes in coolant pressure and temperature, preventing the conversion block from loosening or shifting and ensuring structural stability during long-term use. Welding also ensures that the docking position between the conversion block and the flow channel is accurate and remains unchanged over a long period, preventing blockage or seal failure of the flow channel due to displacement of the conversion block and ensuring the integrity of the coolant circulation path.

[0017] In some embodiments of this application, all channels connected to the flow channel have the same width along the opening direction perpendicular to the flow channel. Equal width of all channels connected to the flow channel means the same cross-sectional area for coolant inflow and outflow. Under the same pressure, the coolant flow rate of each channel is consistent, avoiding flow deviation caused by varying channel widths and further improving heat dissipation uniformity. Channels of uniform width are also easier to process and shape, reducing production costs.

[0018] In some embodiments of this application, the exchange area is a square groove formed on the lower plate, and the flow channel area is an area with multiple flow channels. The square groove has a regular structure, which is easy to process; the flow channel area and the exchange area are clearly functionally separated, and the flow channel structure of the flow channel area is avoided when adjusting the position of the water nozzle.

[0019] In some embodiments of this application, the coolant can flow in the direction or in the opposite direction along the flow channel, flow path, exchange opening and sealing cavity, and flow in and out through two water nozzles respectively.

[0020] The coolant can flow in both directions without strictly distinguishing between the "inlet" and "outlet". The flow direction can be flexibly selected according to the equipment pipeline layout, reducing the difficulty of pipeline adaptation during installation and adapting to more application scenarios. The dual nozzles have a clear division of labor to ensure that the coolant circulation loop is closed and there are no stagnation areas, ensuring that the coolant continuously removes heat. At the same time, the bidirectional flow does not change the coverage of the flow channel.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The water nozzle position is flexible and adjustable, with strong adaptability: by replacing the sealing plate of different shapes (such as changing the position of the flow channel) or adjusting the welding position of the conversion block (such as the front and rear sides of the lower plate), the protrusion direction and position of the water nozzle can be changed without changing the structure of the flow channel area, adapting to the installation needs of narrow spaces or special pipeline layouts.

[0023] Significantly improved heat dissipation uniformity: The S-shaped flow channel extends the coolant path, the equal-width flow channel ensures uniform flow, and the buffer zone and the connecting zone balance the pressure. The three work together to avoid heat generation, and the measured temperature difference can be controlled within 5℃.

[0024] High sealing reliability: The welding seal between the upper and lower plates, the multiple seals of the conversion block, and the fitting seal of the sealing plate form an all-round leak-proof structure to prevent coolant leakage from damaging electronic components.

[0025] Low processing and maintenance costs: The sealing plate is split into independent plates, eliminating the need for integral molding of complex cavities and reducing the requirements for processing precision; when the independent plates or conversion blocks are damaged, they can be replaced individually without replacing the entire cold plate.

[0026] Wide range of applications: By adjusting the material (aluminum alloy / copper), flow channel size, and water nozzle specifications, it can adapt to different power cooling requirements from CPU to IGBT modules, and the bidirectional flow of coolant further enhances installation flexibility. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this application to explain the technical solution of this utility model and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout structure of the cold plate provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a cold plate provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cold plate provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Reference numerals: 1-Lower plate; 11-Flow channel area; 12-Exchange area; 13-Flow channel; 14-Buffer zone; 15-Connecting area; 2-Blocking plate; 21-Blocking cavity; 22-Flow channel; 23-Exchange opening; 24-Independent plate; 3-Conversion block; 4-Water nozzle; 5-Upper plate. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0034] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0035] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, for example, as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, when describing pipelines, the terms "connected" and "linked" as used in this application have the meaning of establishing electrical connection. The specific meaning needs to be understood in conjunction with the context.

[0036] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of the terms "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0037] As power batteries develop towards higher energy storage and miniaturization, the heat generated by their cells has increased significantly, and cold plates are widely used as efficient heat dissipation components.

[0038] Traditional cold plate faucets are integrally formed or fixedly connected to the plate body. The flow channels inside the cold plate are designed to match the faucets. When the faucet position is adjusted, in order to ensure the flow distribution of the liquid cooling flow channels, the size and shape of the flow channels will be changed in all directions. At the same time, for safe production, CFD thermal simulation development and physical verification will be carried out. The whole process is long and complicated.

[0039] Therefore, please refer to Figure 1 This application provides a cold plate, including a lower plate body 1, a sealing plate 2, a conversion block 3, a water nozzle 4, and an upper plate body 5.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 1 The lower plate 1 has adjacent flow channel area 11 and exchange area 12. The exchange area 12 is located on one side edge of the lower plate 1. Multiple parallel flow channels 13 are opened in the flow channel area 11 along the distribution direction of the flow channel area 11 and the exchange area 12. The exchange area 12 is connected to the flow channel 13, and two adjacent flow channels 13 are connected.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1 The lower plate 1, as the basic load-bearing structure of the cold plate, needs to balance thermal conductivity and structural strength. It is typically made of a metal with high thermal conductivity, such as 6061 aluminum alloy (thermal conductivity approximately 155 W / (m·K)) or T2 copper (thermal conductivity approximately 401 W / (m·K)). The specific choice depends on the heat dissipation requirements—copper is preferred for high-power applications, while aluminum alloy is chosen for general applications to balance cost and weight. Its shape is designed as a rectangular flat plate, with a thickness generally of 4-6 mm (e.g., 5 mm). The length and width are adapted to the size of the component to be cooled (e.g., 100 mm × 80 mm).

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1 The exchange area 12 can be located on one side edge of the lower plate 1 (such as the right side, left side or rear side), and is usually designed as a square groove on the surface of the plate. The size of the groove needs to be adapted to the installation of the sealing plate 2, and the groove wall needs to be polished smooth to ensure a tight seal with the sealing plate 2.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 The flow channel area 11 can be located in the middle area of ​​the lower plate 1. Multiple parallel flow channels 13 are opened in the flow channel area 11 along the distribution direction of the flow channel area 11-exchange area 12 (e.g., from the middle of the plate to the edge). The shape of the flow channel 13 can be set as a straight groove or an S-shaped groove (the S-shaped groove can extend the coolant path and improve heat dissipation efficiency). Adjacent flow channels 13 are interconnected, and all flow channels 13 have the same width (e.g., 2-3 mm) along the opening direction, and the depth matches the groove depth of the exchange area 12 (e.g., 3-4 mm) to ensure smooth coolant flow.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1 The lower plate 1 is covered by the upper plate 5, and the two are connected by laser welding or argon arc welding to achieve a full circumferential seal to prevent coolant leakage in the flow channel 13; the sealing plate 2 is placed in the exchange area 12, and the sealing plate 2 is sealed to the wall of the exchange area 12 by sealant or sealing ring; the lower plate 1 is used to fix the conversion block 3 at the position of the flow channel 22 corresponding to the flow channel area 11, and the conversion block 3 is connected to the lower plate 1 by welding.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 1 In addition, a buffer zone 14 (rectangular transition groove, for example, 8mm×15mm×3mm) can be provided on the side of the flow channel 13 near the exchange area 12, and a connecting area 15 (rectangular groove with the same size as the buffer zone 14) can be provided on the end of the flow channel 13 away from the exchange area 12. The buffer zone 14 is used to evenly distribute the coolant to multiple flow channels 13, and the connecting area 15 is used to balance the pressure at the far end of the flow channel 13. Both are directly connected to the flow channel 13.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 1 The sealing plate 2 is disposed in the exchange area 12. The sealing plate 2 forms two independent sealing cavities 21. A flow channel 22 is opened on the sealing plate 2 corresponding to one sealing cavity 21, and an exchange opening 23 is opened on the sealing plate 2 corresponding to the other sealing cavity 21. The exchange opening 23 is sealed and connected to a flow channel 13 located at the end along the opening direction perpendicular to the flow channel 13, so that the sealing cavity 21, the flow channel 22, the flow channel 13, the exchange opening 23 and the other sealing cavity 21 can be connected in sequence.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 1 The sealing plate 2 is used to construct the sealing cavity 21 in the exchange area 12. The material must be compatible with the lower plate 1 to avoid electrochemical corrosion. Usually, the same aluminum alloy or copper as the lower plate 1 is selected, and the shape is adapted to the square groove of the exchange area 12.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 The sealing plate 2 can be divided into two independent rectangular plates. One side surface of each independent plate 24 is recessed to form a groove (the groove volume is designed according to the coolant flow rate). After the recessed surfaces of the two independent plates 24 are spliced ​​together, the grooves respectively form two independent sealing cavities 21. A gap is set in the middle of the splicing surface of the two independent plates 24.

[0049] The flow channel 22 and the exchange opening 23 are each connected to a sealing cavity 21. Please refer to... Figure 1 One end of the sealing plate 2 also needs to have an exchange opening 23, the opening position of which corresponds to one of the two ends of the flow channel 13 in the flow channel area 11 of the lower plate 1 along the opening direction perpendicular to the flow channel 13; the top of the sealing plate 2 needs to have an internal thread hole (e.g., M8 or M10) for connecting the pipe and connecting the water nozzle 4.

[0050] Alternatively, the sealing plate 2 can also be a rectangular plate, and the inner wall of the connection between the sealing plate 2 and the lower plate 1 can form an isolation plate to separate the two independent sealing cavities 21.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 1The sealing plate 2 is placed entirely within the exchange area 12 of the lower plate 1 and sealed to the groove wall of the exchange area 12 by sealant (such as silicone sealant) or sealing ring. The exchange opening 23 of the sealing cavity 21 can be sealed and connected to one of the two flow channels 13 at both ends of the flow channel area 11 of the lower plate 1 through the sealing ring, ensuring that the coolant can enter the sealing cavity 21 from the flow channel 13. The flow channel 22 is connected to the buffer zone 14 of the flow channel area 11 of the lower plate 1, so that the coolant in the flow channel 22 can be distributed to all flow channels 13 except the flow channel 13 connected to the exchange opening 23 through the sealing cavity 21 and the buffer zone 14 connected to the flow channel 22.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The conversion block 3 is located outside the lower plate 1 and is sealed to the flow channel. The conversion block 3 is used to connect the flow channel 22 of the lower plate 1 to the external water nozzle 4, and at the same time enhances the sealing performance of the flow channel 22. The material needs to balance mechanical strength and sealing performance. Brass is selected for general scenarios (easy to process and high strength), and stainless steel (such as 304 stainless steel) is selected for corrosion-resistant scenarios. The shape design can be cylindrical or square block.

[0053] A through hole (with a diameter consistent with the flow channel 22, 4-5mm) is made along the axial direction. A stepped groove needs to be machined at one end of the through hole for installing the sealing ring. An internal thread (matching the water nozzle 4 specification, such as G1 / 4 or G3 / 8) needs to be made at the other end of the through hole for connecting the water nozzle 4.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 2 The conversion block 3 is set on the outer side wall of the lower plate 1, specifically at the position of the lower plate 1 corresponding to the flow channel 22. It is fixedly connected to the lower plate 1 by laser welding or argon arc welding (after welding, the axis of the through hole of the conversion block 3 is aligned with the axis of the flow channel 22, with a deviation of no more than 0.1mm). An O-ring (rubber or fluororubber material) is installed in the stepped groove of the through hole to seal and fit with the port of the flow channel 22 of the lower plate 1 to prevent coolant leakage.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 2 The contact area between the top of the conversion block 3 and the upper plate 5 needs to be additionally sealed. This can be achieved by applying sealant or placing a metal sealing gasket to form a triple sealing structure of "welding fixation + sealing ring + sealant". The internal threaded hole at its top is connected to another water nozzle 4 via a thread to form another inlet and outlet for the coolant.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2Two water nozzles 4 are provided, spaced apart. The two water nozzles 4 are used to connect the two sealing cavities 21, so that the two water nozzles connect to the flow channel 22 and the exchange opening 23 respectively. As the inlet and outlet interface of the coolant, the water nozzle 4 needs to be corrosion-resistant and easy to connect. The material can be engineering plastic (such as PPR, which is lightweight and low cost) or brass (high strength and suitable for high pressure). The shape is designed as a tubular structure with external threads. The specification is selected according to the coolant flow rate (G1 / 4 for normal and G3 / 8 for large flow). One end of the tube is an external thread section (for connection with the sealing plate 2 or the conversion block 3), and the other end is a quick-connect interface or an external thread interface (for connection with external pipelines).

[0057] Please refer to Figure 2 Two water nozzles 4 are provided, both installed on the conversion block 3, and connected to the two sealing cavities 21 respectively. One water nozzle 4 can be sealed and connected to one of the sealing cavities 21 through the internal cavity and the pre-set hole of the sealing plate 2, thus serving as the "inlet" or "outlet" of the coolant; the other water nozzle 4 can be connected to the internal threaded hole on the top of the conversion block 3 through the external thread, thus serving as the "outlet" or "inlet" of the coolant.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 2 Two water nozzles 4 are spaced apart, with the spacing designed according to the size of the lower plate 1 and the layout of the external pipeline to ensure no mutual interference and to facilitate the insertion or fixing of pipelines.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 1 The upper plate 5 is placed on top of the lower plate 1, and the upper plate 5 and the lower plate 1 are sealed together. The upper plate 5 is used to cover the lower plate 1 and seal the flow channel area 11 and the exchange area 12. The material of the upper plate 5 must be the same as that of the lower plate 1 (such as 6061 aluminum alloy or T2 copper) to ensure that the coefficients of thermal expansion are matched and to avoid sealing failure due to temperature changes. The shape is designed as a rectangular plate that is completely adapted to the lower plate 1. The thickness is slightly smaller than that of the lower plate 1, and the length and width are the same as those of the lower plate 1 to ensure that the flow channel area 11 and the exchange area 12 are completely covered.

[0060] The upper plate 5 covers the upper surface of the lower plate 1, and its edges can be fully sealed to the lower plate 1 by laser welding or argon arc welding (after welding, an airtightness test is required, such as holding at a pressure of 0.8-1.2 MPa for 5 minutes without leakage); thermal grease can be applied to the lower surface of the upper plate 5 and the corresponding position of the flow channel area 11 of the lower plate 1 to improve the heat transfer efficiency between the flow channel 13 and the upper plate 5; the contact part between the upper plate 5 and the conversion block 3 can be sealed with sealant or metal gasket to prevent coolant from leaking from the gap between the conversion block 3 and the upper plate 5.

[0061] In addition, the upper surface of the upper plate 5 can directly contact the heat-generating element (such as the cell of the power battery) (or through the heat-conducting pad) to transfer the heat of the heat-generating element to the flow channel 13 of the lower plate 1, and then be carried away by the coolant.

[0062] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this application, the lower plate 1 of the cold plate is divided into a "flow channel area 11" and an "exchange area 12". The flow channel area 11 has multiple parallel flow channels 13 that are adjacent and connected, so that the coolant can evenly cover the entire flow channel area 11, avoiding "hot spots" caused by the empty flow channels 13 in some areas, and improving the overall heat dissipation consistency of the cold plate. The exchange area 12 is located at the edge and does not occupy the core heat dissipation space of the flow channel area 11, taking into account both connection function and heat dissipation area.

[0063] The two sealing cavities inside the sealing plate 2 are relatively isolated and are connected to the flow channel 13 only through the exchange opening 23, which prevents the coolant from flowing chaotically in the exchange area 12 and ensures the integrity of the circulation path. The upper plate 5 is sealed to the lower plate 1, and the conversion block 3 is sealed to the flow channel 22. The double sealing structure can prevent coolant leakage and protect the electronic components around the cold plate.

[0064] The conversion block 3 is located outside the lower plate 1 and can be flexibly connected to external pipelines; the double water nozzles 4 are connected to the two sealing chambers 21 respectively, clearly defining the division of labor between the inlet and outlet, and facilitating connection to the coolant circulation system.

[0065] The flow channel area 11 inside the cold plate is relatively fixed. CFD thermal simulation has been completed during the design process, which can meet the requirements of flow and heat dissipation. The position of the conversion block 3 determines the installation position of the water nozzle 4 on the cold plate. By adjusting the position of the conversion block 3, the installation position of the water nozzle 4 can be easily changed, that is, the position of the protruding water nozzle 4 on the cold plate, which facilitates the movable design of the water nozzle 4 and adapts to more scenarios and needs.

[0066] For example, the coolant (such as deionized water or ethylene glycol aqueous solution) can flow in two directions: the forward flow path can be "water nozzle 4 (conversion block 3) → conversion block 3 → flow channel 22 (blocking cavity 21) → buffer zone 14 → flow channel 13 → connecting area 15 → exchange opening 23 (another blocking cavity 21) → water nozzle 4 (blocking plate 2, conversion block 3)"; the reverse flow path can be "water nozzle 4 (conversion block 3, blocking plate 2, blocking cavity 21) → exchange opening 23 → flow channel 13 → connecting area 15 → buffer zone 14 → flow channel 22 (another blocking cavity 21) → conversion block 3 → water nozzle 4 (conversion block 3)". Both flow directions can achieve uniform coverage of all flow channels 13 with coolant, and there is no need to distinguish between the inlet nozzle 4 and the outlet nozzle 4, adapting to different pipeline layouts.

[0067] Please refer to Figure 1In some examples, the sealing plate 2 includes two independent plates 24, each with recesses forming two sealing cavities 21, and the two independent plates 24 are spaced apart. The sealing plate 2 is split into two independent plates 24, and each independent plate 24 can be used to create a sealing cavity 21 independently through "recessed molding," eliminating the need for integral molding of complex "cavity isolation structures," reducing the requirements for machining precision, and lowering production costs.

[0068] In some examples, the size of the flow channel 22 can be adjusted according to the size and installation gap of the two independent plates 24. The position of the flow channel 22 determines the position of the conversion block 3 and the water nozzle 4. By changing the position and size of the flow channel 22, the above-mentioned effect can be achieved. The two independent plates 24 can be designed as needed.

[0069] For example, the flow channel 22 can be a through hole on the sealing plate and connected to the corresponding water nozzle 4 in the conversion block 3.

[0070] Since there are two independent plates 24, that is, there are two sealing cavities 21, the water nozzle 4 that is connected to the sealing cavity 21 where the exchange opening 23 is located needs to have two parts of structure, namely, a threaded channel or pipe body on the sealing plate 2 that is sealed and connected to the water nozzle 4, so that the sealing cavity 21 is connected to the water nozzle 4 to realize liquid inlet or liquid outlet.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 3 In some examples, a buffer zone 14 is formed between the side of the flow channel 13 near the exchange area 12 and the exchange area 12, and the flow channel 22 is connected to the buffer zone 14 so that the flow channel 22 can simultaneously connect multiple flow channels 13.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 3 The flow channel 22 first guides the coolant into the buffer zone 14, and then the buffer zone 14 evenly distributes it to multiple flow channels 13. This avoids the "overflow in some flow channels 13 and underflow in some flow channels 13" caused by the coolant directly rushing into a single flow channel 13, ensuring that the flow rate of each flow channel 13 is consistent and further improving the heat dissipation uniformity. When the coolant flow rate fluctuates, the buffer zone 14 can temporarily store some coolant to balance the inlet pressure of the flow channel 13 and avoid the impact of sudden changes in flow rate on the heat dissipation stability.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 3 In some examples, the buffer 14 can be a strip groove, through which the flow channel 22 first introduces the coolant into the buffer 14, and then the buffer 14 evenly distributes it to multiple flow channels 13.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 3In some examples, along the opening direction of the flow channel 13, the buffer zone 14 extends to the exchange opening 23 of the blocking plate 2. The buffer zone 14 and the exchange opening 23 are independent of each other. The end of the flow channel 13 away from the exchange area 12 forms a connecting area 15, which is connected to all the flow channels 13.

[0075] Please refer to Figure 3 The buffer zone 14 and the exchange opening 23 are independent of each other, which can prevent coolant from flowing directly from the buffer zone 14 into the exchange opening 23. It ensures that the coolant must flow through all the flow channels 13 before entering the sealing cavity 21, and there is no situation of "coolant that has not participated in heat exchange flowing back directly", maximizing the heat dissipation area of ​​the flow channel 13. The connecting area 15 can balance the pressure at the far end of all the flow channels 13, reduce the pressure difference at both ends of the flow channel 13, make the coolant flow more smoothly in the flow channel 13, and further reduce flow noise and energy consumption.

[0076] In some other examples, all the flow channels 13 are S-shaped and connected end to end. The S-shaped flow channels 13 significantly extend the flow path of the coolant in the cold plate, allowing the coolant more time to exchange heat with the cold plate; within the same size flow channel area 11, the total length of the S-shaped flow channels 13 is much greater than that of the straight parallel flow channels 13, which can maximize the heat dissipation area in a limited space and adapt to the heat dissipation requirements of miniaturized equipment.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 3 In some examples, the conversion block 3 is welded to the lower plate 1, and the conversion block 3 is sealed to the upper plate 5. The connection between the conversion block 3 and the lower plate 1 by welding is of high strength and can withstand the stress caused by changes in coolant pressure and temperature, preventing the conversion block 3 from loosening or shifting, and ensuring structural stability during long-term use. Welding also ensures that the docking position between the conversion block 3 and the flow channel 22 is accurate and remains unchanged over a long period, preventing blockage or seal failure of the flow channel 22 due to displacement of the conversion block 3, and ensuring the integrity of the coolant circulation path.

[0078] Please refer to Figure 3 In some examples, all the flow channels 13 connected to the flow channel 22 have the same width along the opening direction perpendicular to the flow channel 13. The equal width of all the flow channels 13 connected to the flow channel 22 means that the cross-sectional area for coolant inflow and outflow is the same. Under the same pressure, the coolant flow rate of each flow channel 13 is consistent, avoiding "flow deviation" caused by inconsistent widths of the flow channels 13, and further improving heat dissipation uniformity. Flow channels 13 of uniform width are easier to process and shape, reducing production costs.

[0079] In some examples, the exchange area 12 is a square groove formed on the lower plate 1, and the flow channel area 11 is an area with multiple flow channels 13. The square groove structure is regular and easy to process; the flow channel area 11 and the exchange area 12 are clearly functionally separated, so that when adjusting the position of the water nozzle 4, the flow channel 13 structure of the flow channel area 11 is not affected.

[0080] In some examples, the coolant can flow in the direction or in the opposite direction of the flow channel 22, the flow path 13, and the exchange opening 23, and flow in and out through two nozzles 4 respectively.

[0081] Please refer to Figure 3 The coolant can flow in both directions without strictly distinguishing between "inlet nozzle 4" and "outlet nozzle 4". The flow direction can be flexibly selected according to the equipment pipeline layout, reducing the difficulty of pipeline adaptation during installation and adapting to more application scenarios. The dual nozzles 4 have a clear division of labor to ensure that the coolant circulation loop is closed and there is no stagnation area, ensuring that the coolant continuously removes heat. At the same time, the bidirectional flow does not change the coverage of the flow channel 13.

[0082] This application provides an embodiment one, a cold plate, including a lower plate body 1, a sealing plate 2, a conversion block 3, a water nozzle 4, and an upper plate body 5.

[0083] The lower plate 1 is made of 6061 aluminum alloy and has a rectangular flat plate shape. The exchange area 12 is a square groove on the right side edge. The flow channel area 11 is located in the middle and has 8 S-shaped flow channels 13 opened in the "left-right" direction. Each flow channel 13 is 2mm wide and 3mm deep, and adjacent flow channels 13 are connected end to end. A buffer zone 14 is set between the flow channel 13 and the exchange area 12, and a connecting area 15 is set at the left end of the flow channel 13.

[0084] The sealing plate 2 consists of two independent 6061 aluminum alloy plates 24, one side of which is recessed to form a groove with a volume of 50mm³. The two plates are spliced ​​together with sealant. A flow channel 22 with a diameter of 4mm is formed on one independent plate 24, and an exchange opening 23 connecting to the flow channel 13 is formed on the other independent plate 24. An internal threaded hole is also opened on the plate body on the back of the exchange opening 23. The exchange opening 23 is connected to a flow channel 13 through a rubber sealing ring. The flow channel 22 is connected to the buffer zone 14.

[0085] The conversion block 3 is a square block made of brass, with two through holes of 4mm diameter spaced apart. One end has a stepped groove for installing an O-ring rubber seal, and the other end has a threaded hole. It is laser welded to the right side wall of the lower plate 1 at the position corresponding to the flow channel 22, and silicone sealant is applied to the top where it contacts the upper plate 5.

[0086] The water nozzle 4 is made of PPR material with a G1 / 4 external thread. The two water nozzles 4 are threaded to the two threaded holes of the conversion block 3 respectively. One of the water nozzles 4 is connected to the inner threaded hole of the sealing plate 2 by a rubber tube. The two water nozzles 4 are connected to the two independent plates 24 respectively, so that the two water nozzles 4 are connected to the two sealing cavities 21 respectively. The other end of the water nozzle 4 is provided with a quick-connect interface for connecting to the PU material coolant pipeline.

[0087] The upper plate 5 is made of 6061 aluminum alloy, a rectangular flat plate, which covers the upper surface of the lower plate 1 and the edges are sealed by laser welding. After welding, an airtightness test is performed (pressure 0.8MPa, pressure held for 5 minutes without leakage). Thermal grease is applied to the lower surface of the upper plate 5, and the upper surface is in contact with the battery cell.

[0088] This application provides a second embodiment of a cold plate, which includes a lower plate 1, a sealing plate 2, a conversion block 3, a water nozzle 4, and an upper plate 5.

[0089] The lower plate 1 is a rectangular plate made of T2 copper; the exchange area 12 is a square groove on the left side; the flow channel area 11 is located in the middle, with 12 S-shaped flow channels 13 opened in the "right-left" direction. Each flow channel 13 is 3mm wide and 4mm deep, and adjacent flow channels 13 are connected end to end; a buffer zone 14 is set between the flow channel 13 and the exchange area 12, and a connecting area 15 is set at the right end of the flow channel 13.

[0090] The sealing plate 2 consists of two independent T2 copper plates 24, one side of which is recessed to form a groove with a volume of 80mm³. The two plates are fixed together by four M3 stainless steel bolts. One sealing plate 2 has a flow channel 22 with a diameter of 5mm. The other sealing plate 2 has an exchange opening 23, which is connected to a flow channel 13 located at the end through a copper sealing ring. The flow channel 22 is connected to the buffer zone 14. The sealing plate 2 has an internal threaded hole on its surface facing the flow channel 22.

[0091] The conversion block 3 is a square block made of 304 stainless steel. A through hole with a diameter of 5mm and a countersunk hole with a diameter of 5mm are opened in the middle. The countersunk hole is connected to the internal threaded hole of the sealing plate 2 through an internal metal tube. A fluororubber sealing ring (high pressure resistant) is installed in the stepped groove at one end, and an M10 internal threaded hole is opened at the other end. It is welded to the left side wall of the lower plate 1 at the position corresponding to the flow channel 22 by argon arc welding. A copper metal sealing gasket is placed at the contact point between the top and the upper plate 5.

[0092] The water nozzle 4 is made of brass and has a G3 / 8 external thread. The two water nozzles 4 are respectively connected to the countersunk hole and the threaded hole of the conversion block 3 by threads. The other end of the water nozzle 4 is provided with an external thread interface for connecting to the stainless steel high-pressure coolant pipeline.

[0093] The upper plate 5 is a rectangular plate of T2 copper, which is placed on the upper surface of the lower plate 1 and the edges are sealed by argon arc welding. After welding, an airtightness test is performed (pressure 1.2MPa, pressure held for 5 minutes without leakage). The lower surface of the upper plate 5 is coated with high thermal conductivity silicone grease (thermal conductivity 5.0W / (m・K)), and the upper surface is directly fixed to the IGBT module by bolts (thermal grease is applied to the contact surface).

[0094] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0095] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A cold-rolled steel plate, characterized in that, include: The lower plate has adjacent flow channel areas and exchange areas. The exchange area is located on one side edge of the lower plate. Multiple parallel flow channels are formed in the flow channel area along the distribution direction of the flow channel area and the exchange area. The exchange area is connected to the flow channels, and two adjacent flow channels are connected. A blocking plate is disposed within the exchange area. The blocking plate forms two independent blocking cavities. A flow channel is opened on the blocking plate corresponding to one of the blocking cavities, and an exchange opening is opened on the blocking plate corresponding to the other blocking cavity. The exchange is respectively sealed and connected to one of the flow channels located at the end along the opening direction perpendicular to the flow channel. The flow channel is connected to the other flow channels, so that the blocking cavity, the flow channel, the flow channel, the exchange opening and the other blocking cavity can be connected. A conversion block is disposed outside the lower plate body, and the conversion block is sealed to the flow channel; Two water nozzles are provided, which are spaced apart and are used to connect the two sealing cavities respectively. An upper plate is placed on top of the lower plate, and the upper plate and the lower plate are sealed together.

2. The cold-rolled plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing plate includes two independent plates, each with a recess forming two sealing cavities, and the two independent plates are spaced apart.

3. The cold-rolled plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, A buffer zone is formed between the flow channel and the exchange area on the side of the flow channel closest to the exchange area, and the flow channel is connected to the buffer zone so that the flow channel can simultaneously connect to multiple flow channels.

4. The cold-rolled plate according to claim 3, characterized in that, Along the opening direction of the flow channel, the buffer zone extends to the exchange opening of the blocking plate. The buffer zone and the exchange opening are independent of each other. The end of the flow channel away from the exchange area forms a connecting area, which is connected to all the flow channels.

5. The cold-rolled plate according to claim 3, characterized in that, All the aforementioned channels are S-shaped and connected end to end.

6. The cold-rolled plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The conversion block is welded to the lower plate and is sealed to the upper plate.

7. The cold-rolled plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the direction perpendicular to the opening of the flow channel, all the flow channels connected to the flow channel have the same width.

8. The cold-rolled plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exchange area is a square groove formed on the lower plate, and the flow channel area is a region with multiple flow channels.

9. The cold-rolled plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coolant can flow in the direction or opposite direction along the flow channel, the flow path, the exchange opening and the sealing cavity, and flow in and out through the two water nozzles respectively.

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