Battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of battery pack and vehicle, it is related to vehicle technical field.The battery pack of the utility model includes shell and battery module, shell includes bottom wall;Battery module is located in shell, and includes at least two battery assemblies, each battery assembly includes multiple single batteries, each battery assembly is stacked along the first direction perpendicular to bottom wall, set and the battery assembly adjacent to bottom wall is first battery assembly;Wherein, battery pack also includes first heat insulating piece, first heat insulating piece is set between bottom wall and first battery assembly.The battery pack of the application can effectively reduce the cold quantity of chassis conduction by setting first heat insulating piece between battery assembly and bottom wall, so that the temperature of each layer battery assembly tends to be balanced, and then improve overall battery performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a battery pack and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] A battery pack comprises multiple individual cells, commonly including cylindrical and blade cells. Cylindrical cells are less expensive to manufacture than blade cells, but their shape is unique. Currently, mainstream solutions arrange cylindrical cells either vertically (the height of the cell is parallel to the height of the battery pack) or horizontally (the height of the cell is perpendicular to the height of the battery pack). The horizontal arrangement allows for more individual cells to be integrated into the pack and enables multi-layered configurations. This approach, compared to a vertical arrangement, improves space utilization and enhances the passenger cabin's spaciousness.

[0003] However, when a vehicle is used in low-temperature conditions, the temperature difference between individual cells in different layers of the battery pack is large, which increases the energy consumption and reduces the discharge power of the battery's active heating function in low-temperature conditions. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a battery pack that can effectively reduce the amount of cold energy conducted through the chassis, thereby making the temperature of each layer of battery components more uniform and improving overall battery performance.

[0005] This utility model also proposes a vehicle having the above-mentioned battery pack.

[0006] The battery pack according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0007] The housing includes a bottom wall;

[0008] A battery module, the battery module being located in the housing and including at least two battery components, each battery component including multiple individual cells, each battery component being stacked along a first direction perpendicular to the bottom wall, and the battery component adjacent to the bottom wall being designated as the first battery component;

[0009] The battery pack further includes a first heat insulation component, which is disposed between the bottom wall and the first battery assembly.

[0010] The battery pack according to the embodiments of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0011] The first heat insulation component of this application is disposed between the bottom wall and the first battery assembly. The first heat insulation component is made of heat insulation material, such as foam or polyurethane foam, which effectively reduces the amount of cold conducted through the chassis, thereby slowing down the cooling rate of the first battery assembly and making the temperature of each layer of the battery assembly more uniform, thus improving the overall battery performance. In addition, the placement of the first heat insulation component also helps to maintain the temperature stability within the housing cavity, reducing heat loss within the housing cavity and lowering the power consumption of the battery pack's active heating, thereby improving the vehicle's range in low-temperature environments.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the battery pack further includes a connector, and the first battery assembly is connected and fixed to the bottom wall through the connector;

[0013] Wherein, along the first direction, the projected area of ​​the first heat insulation member on the bottom wall is 1.5 to 3 times the projected area of ​​the connector on the bottom wall.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first battery assembly includes multiple battery packs arranged along a second direction parallel to the bottom wall. Each battery pack includes two individual cells arranged along a third direction parallel to the bottom wall. The second direction and the third direction intersect. Each individual cell is connected to a connector. The first heat insulation member is disposed between the two connectors connected to the same battery pack.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the battery pack further includes a second heat insulation member, the housing includes a side wall connected to the bottom wall, and the second heat insulation member is disposed between the battery assembly and the side wall.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the battery pack further includes a separator, the separator including a main body portion disposed between two adjacent battery components and a fixing portion extending relative to the battery components, the fixing portion being bent relative to the main body portion;

[0017] The fixing part and the side wall of the battery assembly define a heat insulation gap, and the second heat insulation member is disposed in the heat insulation gap.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the single cell is a cylindrical cell, and the central axis of each cylindrical cell is arranged parallel to the bottom wall. The main body includes a plurality of first arc segments and a plurality of second arc segments, which are arranged alternately. The arc centers of the first arc segments and the second arc segments are in opposite directions. Each first arc segment abuts against each cylindrical cell of the battery assembly on one side, and each second arc segment abuts against each cylindrical cell of the battery assembly on the other side.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the single cell is a cylindrical cell, the second heat insulation member has a first side surface, the first side surface is arc-shaped, and the first side surface abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the outermost single cell in the corresponding battery assembly.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the battery pack further includes a third heat insulation member, the housing includes a top wall opposite to the bottom wall, and the battery assembly adjacent to the top wall is designated as a second battery assembly; the third heat insulation member is disposed between the second battery assembly and the top wall.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first heat insulation component is a foamed material.

[0022] A vehicle according to a second aspect of the present invention includes a vehicle body and a battery pack as described in any of the above embodiments. The vehicle body defines a battery compartment for accommodating the battery pack and a passenger compartment for accommodating passengers. The battery pack is disposed in the battery compartment, and the bottom wall of the housing is disposed away from the passenger compartment.

[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0025] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the battery module according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of region A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the battery module according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a top view of the battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure label:

[0031] Shell 100; Upper shell 101; Lower shell 102; Bottom wall 110; Side wall 120; Top wall 130;

[0032] Battery module 200; first battery assembly 210; second battery assembly 220; single cell 230; battery pack 240;

[0033] First thermal insulation component 300;

[0034] Connector 400;

[0035] Second heat insulation component 500; First side surface 510;

[0036] Separator 600; Main body 610; First arc segment 611; Second arc segment 612; Fixing part 620; Connecting part 630;

[0037] Third thermal insulation component 700; Detailed Implementation

[0038] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0039] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the directional or positional relationship based on the directional or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0040] In the description of this utility model, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0041] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0042] In the description of this utility model, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this utility model. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0043] A battery pack comprises multiple individual cells, commonly including cylindrical and blade cells. Cylindrical cells are less expensive to manufacture than blade cells, but their shape is unique. Currently, mainstream solutions arrange cylindrical cells either vertically (the height of the cell is parallel to the height of the battery pack) or horizontally (the height of the cell is perpendicular to the height of the battery pack). The horizontal arrangement allows for more individual cells to be integrated into the pack and enables multi-layered configurations. This approach improves space utilization and enhances the passenger cabin's spaciousness compared to a vertical arrangement.

[0044] However, when a vehicle is used in low-temperature conditions, the temperature difference between individual cells in different layers of the battery pack is large, which increases the energy consumption and reduces the discharge power of the battery's active heating function in low-temperature conditions.

[0045] To address the aforementioned problems, an embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides a battery pack, which includes a housing 100 and battery modules 200. The housing 100 defines a closed accommodating cavity, and each battery module 200 is disposed within the accommodating cavity, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, two battery modules 200 are arranged side-by-side in the receiving cavity along a second direction. Each battery module 200 includes at least two battery components, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, each battery assembly is stacked on the bottom wall 110 of the housing 100 along a first direction perpendicular to the bottom wall 110 of the housing 100. Each battery assembly includes multiple individual cells 230. In some embodiments, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, individual battery cells 230 are grouped together to form a battery pack 240, and each battery pack 240 is arranged along a second direction. In some other embodiments (not shown in the figure), the battery pack 240 may also include 3, 4 or more individual battery cells 230, and the individual battery cells 230 in the same group are arranged along a third direction; or, each battery pack 240 may include only one individual battery cell 230.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the battery pack includes two battery modules 200, each battery module 200 including two battery components, each battery component including multiple cylindrical batteries, and the two battery components are stacked along a first direction to form a two-layer structure. For ease of subsequent description, the battery component adjacent to the bottom wall 110 of the housing 100 is designated as the first battery component 210, and the battery component adjacent to the top wall 130 of the housing 100 is designated as the second battery component 220.

[0047] It should be noted that after the battery pack is installed in the vehicle, the bottom wall 110 of the housing 100 contacts the vehicle chassis. Since there is a certain distance between the vehicle chassis and the ground, airflow between the chassis and the ground during vehicle operation carries away a significant amount of heat, causing the temperature of the first battery assembly 210 to be significantly lower than that of the other battery assemblies. To reduce the temperature difference between the individual battery cells 230 in different layers, the battery pack of this application also includes a first heat insulation component 300. The first heat insulation component 300 is disposed between the bottom wall 110 and the first battery assembly 210. The first heat insulation component 300 is made of heat-insulating materials, such as foam or polyurethane foam, effectively reducing the amount of cold conducted by the chassis, thereby slowing down the cooling rate of the first battery assembly 210, making the temperature of each battery assembly more uniform, and thus improving the overall battery performance. In addition, the first heat insulation component 300 also helps to maintain the temperature stability within the housing cavity of the housing 100, reducing heat loss within the housing cavity, reducing the power consumption of the battery pack's active heating, and thus improving the vehicle's range in low-temperature environments.

[0048] Understandably, while related technologies can increase the gap between the battery assembly and the casing 100 to lengthen the heat transfer path and reduce heat loss, this design severely impacts the energy density of the battery pack. In this solution, the first heat insulation element 300 is positioned in the gap between the bottom wall 110 and the battery assembly, fully utilizing the internal space of the casing 100 and having minimal impact on the energy density of the battery pack. Furthermore, related technologies can also achieve heat insulation by using a casing 100 with a low thermal conductivity; however, the structural strength of a casing 100 made of low thermal conductivity materials often fails to meet requirements, or the manufacturing cost is too high. This application uses a first heat insulation element 300 formed of expanded foam for heat insulation, which provides good insulation performance, lower cost, and requires minimal modification to the internal structure of the battery pack, allowing for direct application in various existing battery packs.

[0049] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the battery pack also includes a connector 400, which is disposed between the first battery assembly 210 and the bottom wall 110 to connect and fix the first battery assembly 210 to the bottom wall 110. The connector 400 can be structural adhesive, bolts, or other mechanical fastening devices, preferably structural adhesive, which has good fixing performance while occupying less space inside the housing 100. The first heat insulation component 300 is preferably expanding foam, which can fill the gap between the first battery assembly 210 and the bottom wall 110, effectively preventing cold air penetration and optimizing the heat insulation effect.

[0050] Furthermore, along the first direction, the ratio of the projected area of ​​the first heat insulation component 300 on the bottom wall 110 to the projected area of ​​the connector 400 on the bottom wall 110 is 1.5 to 3. If the area of ​​the first heat insulation component 300 is too small, the heat insulation effect will be poor, making it difficult to effectively slow down the cooling of the first battery pack 210; if the area is too large, it may affect the fixing effect of the connector 400 and increase the installation difficulty. A reasonable ratio ensures both heat insulation and fixing effects, improving the overall performance of the battery pack.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the individual battery 230 is arranged in a flat position. The individual battery 230 can be a square battery or a cylindrical battery. When the individual battery 230 is cylindrical, the two battery packs are arranged alternately. That is, the upper cylindrical battery corresponds to the groove between the two lower cylindrical batteries, so as to make full use of the space of the housing 100 and improve the energy density of the battery pack.

[0052] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first battery assembly 210 includes multiple battery packs 240 arranged along a second direction, which is parallel to the bottom wall 110. Each battery pack 240 includes two individual cells 230 coaxially arranged along a third direction, which is also parallel to the bottom wall 110 and intersects the second direction. Each individual cell 230 is connected to a connector 400 for fixing the individual cell 230. A first heat insulation member 300 is provided between the two connectors 400 connected to the same battery pack 240. The connector 400 can be as follows: Figure 4 The dotted pattern shown is applied to both ends of the battery pack 240. A first heat insulation element 300 is then positioned in the middle of the battery pack 240. It is understood that the heat generation in the middle of the battery pack 240 is higher than that at the ends; therefore, heat insulation in the middle is more crucial to effectively prevent heat loss and maintain uniform battery temperature. The first heat insulation element 300 can be multiple small heat insulation blocks spaced apart, with one heat insulation block corresponding to each individual battery cell 230. Alternatively, the first heat insulation element 300 can also be as follows... Figure 4 The continuous insulation layer shown is used to cover the central area of ​​the entire battery assembly.

[0053] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, to reduce heat conduction between the battery assembly and the side wall 120 of the housing 100, the battery pack also includes a second heat insulation member 500. The housing 100 includes a side wall 120 connected to the bottom wall 110, and the second heat insulation member 500 is disposed between the battery assembly and the side wall 120. The second heat insulation member 500 is also made of heat-insulating material, which can be the same as or different from the material of the first heat insulation member 300. In this embodiment, both the second heat insulation member 500 and the first heat insulation member 300 are formed using expanding foam.

[0054] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the battery pack also includes a separator 600, which comprises a main body 610 and a fixing part 620. The main body 610 is disposed between two adjacent battery components, serving to separate the different layers of battery components. A fixing part 620 is connected to each end of the main body 610 along its length. The fixing part 620 extends beyond the battery component; that is, the projection area of ​​the fixing part 620 along the first direction is outside the projection area of ​​the battery component. The fixing part 620 is used to connect to the housing 100 to fix the separator 600 and the battery component.

[0055] Specifically, the fixing part 620 is bent relative to the main body part 610 and extends toward the bottom wall 110 or top wall 130 of the housing 100. A connecting part 630 is provided at the end of the fixing part 620 for connection with the housing 100. In such a way... Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the connecting part 630 is a plate that is bent relative to the fixing part 620. The plate has holes for bolt connection, and the connecting part 630 is fixed to the housing 100 by bolts.

[0056] A heat insulation gap is defined between the fixing part 620 and the outermost single cell 230 of the battery assembly. The second heat insulation member 500 is disposed in the heat insulation gap, which can effectively block heat transfer on the one hand, and fill the gap between the single cell 230 and the separator 600 on the other hand, providing some support to the outermost single cell 230, which is beneficial to the stability of the structure.

[0057] Furthermore, such as Figure 3In the illustrated embodiment, the individual battery 230 is a cylindrical battery, and the central axis of each cylindrical battery is arranged parallel to the bottom wall 110. The main body 610 of the separator 600 includes multiple first arc segments 611 and second arc segments 612, which are alternately arranged. The separator 600 has a wavy structure to adapt to the shape of the cylindrical battery. The arc centers of the first arc segments 611 and the second arc segments 612 are in opposite directions, so that each first arc segment 611 is used to abut against each cylindrical battery of the battery assembly on one side of the separator 600, and each second arc segment 612 is used to abut against each cylindrical battery of the battery assembly on the other side, thereby achieving effective separation and fixation of the battery assemblies on both sides through a separator 600.

[0058] Furthermore, if the single cell 230 is a cylindrical cell, then after the second heat insulation component 500 fills the heat insulation gap, it can foam to form a structure that is tightly fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical cell. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the second heat insulation member 500 has a first side surface 510 that abuts against the battery assembly. The first side surface 510 is arc-shaped and abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the outermost single cell 230 in the corresponding battery assembly.

[0059] In some embodiments, the battery pack further includes a third heat insulation element 700, and the housing 100 includes a top wall 130 opposite to the bottom wall 110. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the housing 100 includes an upper housing 101 and a lower housing 102. A bottom wall 110 is located on the lower housing 102, and a top wall 130 is located on the upper housing 101. The upper and lower housings together define a cavity for accommodating the battery pack. The battery assembly adjacent to the top wall 130 is designated as the second battery assembly 220, and a third heat insulation member 700 is disposed between the second battery assembly 220 and the top wall 130. The third heat insulation member 700 is made of a heat insulation material, which can be the same foam material as the first heat insulation member 300, or it can be a different heat insulation material than the first heat insulation member 300.

[0060] A second aspect of this application provides a vehicle comprising a body and a battery pack as mentioned in any of the preceding embodiments. The body defines a battery compartment for housing the battery pack and a passenger compartment for housing passengers. The battery pack is disposed in the battery compartment and is fixedly connected to the body via a housing 100. Furthermore, the bottom wall 110 of the housing 100 is disposed away from the passenger compartment, that is, the top wall 130 of the housing 100 is located closer to the passenger compartment, to ensure that the battery pack achieves better thermal insulation and thus better temperature uniformity.

[0061] It should be noted that the vehicle can be a private car, such as a sedan, SUV, MPV, or pickup truck. The vehicle can also be a commercial vehicle, such as a van, bus, small truck, or large semi-trailer. The vehicle can be a gasoline-powered vehicle or a new energy vehicle. When the vehicle is a new energy vehicle, it can be a hybrid vehicle or a pure electric vehicle. Since the vehicle in this embodiment includes the battery pack of the above embodiments, it has the beneficial effects of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0062] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other unless otherwise specified.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: The housing includes a bottom wall; A battery module, the battery module being located in the housing and including at least two battery components, each battery component including multiple individual cells, each battery component being stacked along a first direction perpendicular to the bottom wall, and the battery component adjacent to the bottom wall being designated as the first battery component; The battery pack further includes a first heat insulation component, which is disposed between the bottom wall and the first battery assembly.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes a connector, through which the first battery assembly is connected and fixed to the bottom wall; Wherein, along the first direction, the projected area of ​​the first heat insulation member on the bottom wall is 1.5 to 3 times the projected area of ​​the connector on the bottom wall.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first battery assembly includes multiple battery packs arranged along a second direction parallel to the bottom wall. Each battery pack includes two individual cells arranged along a third direction parallel to the bottom wall. The second direction and the third direction intersect. Each individual cell is connected to a connector. The first heat insulation member is disposed between the two connectors connected to the same battery pack.

4. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes a second heat insulation element, and the housing includes a sidewall connected to the bottom wall, with the second heat insulation element disposed between the battery assembly and the sidewall.

5. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes a separator, which includes a main body portion disposed between two adjacent battery components and a fixing portion extending relative to the battery components, the fixing portion being bent relative to the main body portion; The fixing part and the side wall of the battery assembly define a heat insulation gap, and the second heat insulation member is disposed in the heat insulation gap.

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The single cell is a cylindrical cell, and the central axis of each cylindrical cell is arranged parallel to the bottom wall. The main body includes a plurality of first arc segments and a plurality of second arc segments, which are arranged alternately. The arc centers of the first arc segments and the second arc segments are in opposite directions. Each first arc segment abuts against each cylindrical cell of the battery assembly on one side, and each second arc segment abuts against each cylindrical cell of the battery assembly on the other side.

7. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that, The single cell is a cylindrical cell, and the second heat insulation component has a first side surface. The first side surface is arc-shaped and abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the outermost single cell in the corresponding battery assembly.

8. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack further includes a third heat insulation component. The housing includes a top wall opposite to the bottom wall, and the battery assembly adjacent to the top wall is designated as a second battery assembly. The third heat insulation component is disposed between the second battery assembly and the top wall.

9. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first heat insulation component is made of foam material.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a body body and a battery pack as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the body body defining a battery compartment for housing the battery pack and a passenger compartment for housing passengers, the battery pack being disposed in the battery compartment, and the bottom wall of the housing being disposed away from the passenger compartment.

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