Battery pack and two-wheeled vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery pack, and specifically disclose a battery pack and two -wheeled vehicle, and battery pack includes box, box cover, battery module, BMS control system and protective element, is equipped with the accommodation cavity in the box, the box cover detachable setting is in the box, the battery module is fixed in the accommodation cavity, BMS control system is electrically connected with battery module, and is located the inboard of box cover, protective element sets up on BMS control system, wherein, BMS control system and protective element are directly or indirectly fixed inboard of box cover, so that BMS control system and protective element are integrated in box cover, BMS control system, protective element and box cover integrated whole, then in the assembly process, BMS control system and box cover can be installed fastening through bolt first, protective element is reserved interface through nut installation fastening again with BMS control system, compared with each component independent installation, can obviously improve the assembly efficiency, and the integration degree between each component is high, is favorable for promoting battery system energy density, the endurance ability of vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of battery packs, and specifically to a battery pack and a two-wheeled vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development and widespread application of lithium-ion battery technology, the integration of lithium-ion power battery packs into electric vehicles, such as two-wheeled vehicles, has become a mainstream trend. Users frequently use two-wheeled vehicles in their daily commutes, placing higher demands on the energy density, range, lightweight structure, and maintainability of their power battery systems. Against this backdrop, a high degree of integration between the various modules and components within the battery system is necessary to reduce unnecessary structural parts (such as independent mounting brackets), thereby reducing system weight and improving overall energy density and range. Simultaneously, the disassembly and maintenance of components should be as simple as possible to improve product maintainability and user experience.

[0003] Currently, most commercially available two-wheeled vehicle battery systems adopt a split-structure design. Specifically, the top cover, battery management system (BMS control system), and key protection components (such as MOS switch modules and fuses) are all independent components. Inside the battery pack, an independent metal bracket is usually required to install and fix the BMS control system and protection components. The BMS control system, protection components, and high and low voltage electrical interfaces installed on the top cover are generally electrically connected through wiring harnesses or copper busbars. In terms of external interfaces, most existing solutions use a connector that integrates high-voltage power and low-voltage communication signals, through which power and communication signals are output to the vehicle.

[0004] The above-mentioned battery system has the following defects:

[0005] 1. Low integration, limited assembly efficiency and energy density: Since the BMS control system, protection components and top cover are independent components and rely on separate brackets for installation in the battery pack, the assembly steps of the entire battery system are cumbersome (each component must be installed first and then the top cover must be locked), resulting in low assembly efficiency. Too many non-functional structural components increase the overall weight and cost of the system, which is not conducive to achieving high energy density and long range of the battery system.

[0006] 2. Interface integration, inconvenient maintenance and prone to mutual interference: The external interface uses high and low voltage integrated connectors. When the high voltage power interface connected to the vehicle fails, it cannot be replaced separately. The maintenance personnel must disassemble the entire integrated connector. This process is not only complicated and inefficient, but may also affect the stability of the low voltage communication signal, resulting in increased maintenance costs and the risk of secondary failures.

[0007] 3. Poor maintainability and high maintenance costs: When protective components (such as MOS switch modules and fuses) need to be repaired or replaced, the entire top cover must be disassembled before the internal components can be accessed. This repair method is cumbersome and time-consuming, which reduces repair efficiency and increases maintenance costs and time. Utility Model Content

[0008] This utility model addresses the aforementioned problems and aims to provide a battery pack and two-wheeled vehicle with high integration and ease of assembly. It also features a detachable interface design for convenient maintenance and a maintenance window on the cover to facilitate the maintenance and replacement of protective components.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a battery pack, comprising:

[0010] The box has an internal cavity for receiving contents;

[0011] A lid, which is detachably mounted on the box body;

[0012] The battery module is fixed inside the receiving cavity;

[0013] The BMS control system is electrically connected to the battery module and is located inside the box cover;

[0014] A protective element is provided on the BMS control system;

[0015] The BMS control system and the protection element are directly or indirectly fixed to the inside of the box cover, so that the BMS control system and the protection element are integrated into the box cover.

[0016] According to the above-described battery pack, a high-voltage interface for the battery end is further included. The high-voltage interface for the battery end includes a total positive high-voltage interface and a total negative high-voltage interface for the battery end. The battery module is provided with a total positive interface and a total negative interface for the module. The total positive interface for the module is connected to the total positive high-voltage interface for the battery end via a total positive wiring harness. The total negative interface for the module is connected to the total negative high-voltage interface for the battery end via the BMS control system and the protection element. In the above-described battery pack, the BMS control system is provided with a BMS battery interface. The protection element includes a MOS switch module and a fuse. The BMS battery interface is connected to the total negative interface for the module via a total negative wiring harness. One end of the MOS switch module is connected to the BMS battery interface via a nut, and the other end of the MOS switch module is connected to one end of the fuse via a nut. The other end of the fuse is connected to the total negative high-voltage interface for the battery end via a nut.

[0017] According to the battery pack described above, both the total negative high voltage interface and the total positive high voltage interface of the battery end are integrally injection molded with the cover and embedded in the cover.

[0018] The battery pack described above also includes a vehicle-side high-voltage interface, which includes a vehicle-side total positive high-voltage interface and a vehicle-side total negative high-voltage interface. Both the vehicle-side total positive high-voltage interface and the vehicle-side total negative high-voltage interface are screwed onto the outside of the cover.

[0019] One end of the battery terminal main negative high voltage interface is provided with a first male terminal, and the vehicle terminal main negative high voltage interface is provided with a first female terminal. The first male terminal can be inserted into the first female terminal.

[0020] One end of the battery terminal's main positive high voltage interface is provided with a second male terminal, and one end of the vehicle terminal's main positive high voltage interface is provided with a second female terminal. The second male terminal can be inserted into the first female terminal.

[0021] According to the battery pack described above, the cover is provided with a connecting post with external threads on its surface, and the bottom of the vehicle end total positive high voltage interface and the vehicle end total negative high voltage interface are both provided with connecting housings. The connecting housings are provided with internal threads that match the external threads on the connecting post, and the connecting post can be inserted into the connecting housings.

[0022] The battery pack described above also includes a low-voltage communication connector. The cover has a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other. The low-voltage communication connector is fixed to the first end and connected to the BMS control system through a low-voltage communication harness. The high-voltage interface at the vehicle end can be fixed to the second end.

[0023] According to the battery pack described above, the inner side of the cover is provided with a mounting bracket, and the BMS control system is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket by a screw.

[0024] According to the battery pack described above, the cover is provided with a maintenance window, and the protective element is located directly below the maintenance window.

[0025] A two-wheeled vehicle, comprising:

[0026] The vehicle body has a battery compartment on it;

[0027] The battery pack described above is installed within the battery compartment.

[0028] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. When the BMS control system, protection components and the cover are integrated into one unit, the BMS control system and the cover can be fastened with bolts first during the assembly process, and the protection components can be fastened with nuts to the reserved interface of the BMS control system. Compared with the independent installation of each component, the assembly efficiency can be significantly improved. At the same time, the high degree of integration between the components is conducive to improving the energy density and range of the battery system.

[0030] 2. The low-voltage communication connector is designed to be separate from the high-voltage interface of the vehicle. When the high-voltage interface of the vehicle fails, the high-voltage interface of the vehicle can be replaced separately without affecting the low-voltage communication interface. The high-voltage signal and the low-voltage signal are separated and do not affect each other.

[0031] 3. A maintenance window is provided on the cover, and the protective element is located directly below the maintenance window. When the protective element malfunctions or is damaged, it can be replaced individually through the maintenance window, making the operation simple and convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure and appearance of the embodiment;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall internal structure of the embodiment;

[0034] Figure 3 This is an internal side view of the overall structure of the embodiment;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the BMS control system and the enclosure cover assembly in an embodiment;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the box lid in an embodiment;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the total negative high voltage interface structure of the vehicle end in an embodiment.

[0038] In the picture:

[0039] 100. Box body;

[0040] 200. Box cover; 210. Connecting post; 220. Mounting bracket; 230. Maintenance window;

[0041] 300. Battery module; 310. Module main negative interface; 311. Main negative wiring harness; 320. Module main positive interface; 321. Main positive wiring harness;

[0042] 400. BMS control system; 410. BMS battery interface;

[0043] 500. Protective components; 510. MOS switch module; 520. Fuse;

[0044] 600, Battery high-voltage interface; 610, Battery total negative high-voltage interface; 611, First male terminal; 620, Battery total positive high-voltage interface; 621, Second male terminal;

[0045] 700. Vehicle-side high-voltage interface; 710. Vehicle-side main positive high-voltage interface; 720. Vehicle-side main negative high-voltage interface; 721. First female terminal; 730. Connecting housing;

[0046] 800 Low-voltage communication connector; 810 Low-voltage communication harness. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0048] like Figures 1-6 As shown, a battery pack includes a housing 100, a cover 200, a battery module 300, a BMS control system 400, a protection element 500, a high-voltage interface 600 at the battery end, a high-voltage interface 700 at the vehicle end, and a low-voltage communication connector 800.

[0049] In this embodiment, the housing 100 has a receiving cavity, and the battery module 300 is fixed in the receiving cavity. The housing cover 200 is detachably mounted on the housing 100 and located at the opening of the receiving cavity, used to open or seal the receiving cavity. The BMS control system 400 is electrically connected to the battery module 300 and is used to acquire various signals from the battery module 300 to determine whether it is normal. The BMS control system 400 is located inside the housing cover 200, also within the receiving cavity. The protective element 500 is mounted on the BMS control system 400. In this configuration, the BMS control system 400 and the protection element 500 are directly or indirectly fixed to the inside of the cover 200, thus integrating the BMS control system 400 and the protection element 500 onto the cover 200. Compared to independent installation, the integration between the components is higher, which is beneficial for improving the energy density and range of the battery system. At the same time, since the BMS control system 400 and the protection element 500 can be pre-assembled onto the inside of the cover 200, they can be synchronously assembled into the receiving cavity along with the cover 200, which greatly improves the assembly efficiency.

[0050] The housing 100 and the cover 200 cooperate to form a protective shell, which provides protection for the battery module 300, BMS control system 400 and protection element 500 located inside. By removing the cover 200, these components can be exposed for maintenance and replacement. In this embodiment, the opening of the receiving cavity is located at the top of the housing 100, so the cover 200 is also detachably fixed to the top of the housing 100.

[0051] The cover 200 is provided with a maintenance window 230, and the protective element 500 is located directly below the maintenance window 230. An openable baffle can be installed inside the maintenance window 230. When the protective element 500 is damaged, it can be repaired through the maintenance window 230 without having to open the entire cover 200, making the repair more convenient. At the same time, the baffle can also isolate the inside from the outside, preventing the external environment from affecting the internal components of the enclosure 100.

[0052] Of course, a handle can be installed on the lid 200 to facilitate the removal of the battery pack.

[0053] Furthermore, in order to assemble the BMS control system 400 with the cover 200, a mounting bracket 220 is provided on the inner side of the cover 200. The BMS control system 400 is fixed to the mounting bracket 220 by screws. The mounting bracket 220 is integrally formed on the cover 200 and fits the inner side of the cover 200. There is no need to arrange the mounting bracket 220 in the receiving cavity, which occupies less effective space and can improve the overall energy density of the battery pack.

[0054] The battery module 300 is fixed in the housing cavity. Generally speaking, the size of the housing 100 of the same battery pack is the same, that is, the size of the housing cavity is the same. Under this premise, the higher the integration of other components in the housing cavity, the smaller the space occupied, and the larger the battery module 300 can be arranged, thereby improving the energy density of the battery pack. Of course, the battery module 300 is also the main energy-carrying unit, which is used to provide power to the vehicle.

[0055] The BMS control system 400 is electrically connected to the battery module 300 and is located inside the cover 200. As mentioned above, the BMS control system 400 is connected to the mounting bracket 220 by bolts, thereby integrating it inside the cover 200. Through its electrical connection with the battery module 300, the BMS control system 400 continuously collects the current, voltage, and temperature parameters of each cell in the battery module 300, establishes a three-dimensional state model, monitors abnormal conditions with millisecond-level accuracy, and can dynamically adjust the charge and discharge curves according to the battery health status.

[0056] The protection element 500 is installed on the BMS control system 400. It is used to provide safety protection for the high-voltage circuit of the battery module 300. When an overcurrent / short circuit fault occurs in the high-voltage circuit of the battery module 300, the protection element 500 cuts off the high-voltage circuit of the system to play a protective role.

[0057] Furthermore, the protection element 500 includes a MOS switch module 510 and a fuse 520, both located on the high-voltage circuit of the battery module 300. The MOS switch module 510 can actively cut off the high-voltage circuit to protect other components from damage. The fuse 520 is used for final safety protection. When a short circuit or overcurrent is severe, the fuse 520 will automatically trip, thereby playing a protective role.

[0058] The battery-side high-voltage interface 600 includes a battery-side total negative high-voltage interface 610 and a battery-side total positive high-voltage interface 620. The battery module 300 is provided with a module total negative interface 310 and a module total positive interface 320. The module total positive interface 320 is connected to the battery-side total positive high-voltage interface 620 through a total positive wiring harness 321. The module total negative interface 310 is connected to the battery-side total negative high-voltage interface 610 through a BMS control system 400 and a protection element 500. The battery module 300 can output electrical energy through the module total negative interface 310 and the module total positive interface 320, and output it to the vehicle through the battery total negative high-voltage interface 610 and the battery-side total positive high-voltage interface 620.

[0059] The vehicle-side high-voltage interface 700 includes a vehicle-side main positive high-voltage interface 710 and a vehicle-side main negative high-voltage interface 720. Both the vehicle-side main positive high-voltage interface 710 and the vehicle-side main negative high-voltage interface 720 are screwed onto the outside of the cover 200. One end of the battery-side main negative high-voltage interface 610 is provided with a first male terminal 611, and the vehicle-side main negative high-voltage interface 720 is provided with a first female terminal 721. The first male terminal 611 can be inserted into the first female terminal 721. One end of the battery-side main negative high-voltage interface 610 is provided with a second male terminal 621, and one end of the vehicle-side main positive high-voltage interface 710 is provided with a second female terminal. The second male terminal 621 can be inserted into the second female terminal. Through the connection between the battery-side high-voltage interface 600 and the vehicle-side high-voltage interface 700, the high-voltage electricity of the battery module 300 can be transmitted to the vehicle, providing kinetic energy for the operation of the vehicle.

[0060] In this embodiment, the high-voltage electrical principle is as follows: the module's main positive interface 320 is connected to the battery's main positive high-voltage interface 620 through the main positive wiring harness 321, and the battery's main positive high-voltage interface 620 is connected to the vehicle's main positive high-voltage interface 710, providing the main positive of the battery module 300 to the vehicle. The module's main negative interface 310 is connected to the battery's main negative high-voltage interface 610 through the BMS control system 400 and the protection element 500, and the battery's main negative high-voltage interface 610 is connected to the vehicle's main negative high-voltage interface 720, providing the main negative of the battery module 300 to the vehicle.

[0061] Furthermore, the BMS control system 400 is equipped with a BMS battery interface 410. The BMS battery interface 410 is connected to the module's total negative interface 310 via the total negative wiring harness 311. One end of the MOS switch module 510 is connected to the BMS battery interface 410 via a nut, and the other end of the MOS switch module 510 is connected to one end of the fuse 520 via a nut. The other end of the fuse 520 is connected to the battery's total negative high-voltage interface 610 via a nut. That is, the total negative current of the module's total negative interface 310 is transmitted sequentially through the BMS battery interface 410, the MOS switch module 510, and the fuse 520 to the battery's total negative high-voltage interface 610. If an overcurrent or short circuit fault occurs in this line, the MOS switch module 510 and the fuse 520 cut off the system's high-voltage circuit to provide protection. The maintenance window 230 can be opened directly to replace and repair the protection component 500, making the operation simple and convenient.

[0062] Furthermore, to achieve the installation and positioning of the vehicle-side high-voltage interface 700 on the cover 200, the cover 200 is provided with a connecting post 210 with external threads on its surface. The bottom of both the vehicle-side positive high-voltage interface 710 and the vehicle-side negative high-voltage interface 720 is provided with a connecting housing 730. The connecting housing 730 is provided with an internal thread that matches the external thread on the connecting post 210. The connecting post 210 can be inserted into the connecting housing 730. The vehicle-side positive high-voltage interface 710 and the vehicle-side negative high-voltage interface 720 can be rotated so that the connecting housing 730 can be fitted onto the connecting post 210 to achieve initial positioning. After being rotated into position, an anti-detachment block can be provided on the cover 200. The anti-detachment block is hinged to the cover 200 and can be rotated to fit against the connecting housing 730 to prevent it from reversing, thereby achieving anti-detachment locking.

[0063] Furthermore, the cover 200 has a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other. The low-voltage communication connector 800 is fixed on the first end and connected to the BMS control system 400 through the low-voltage communication harness 810. The vehicle-side high-voltage interface 700 can be fixed on the second end. That is, the low-voltage communication connector 800 and the vehicle-side high-voltage interface 700 are set independently and do not interfere with each other. If one of them is damaged, only one of them needs to be replaced.

[0064] Furthermore, in order to further improve the overall integration, both the battery-side negative high-voltage interface 610 and the battery-side positive high-voltage interface 620 are integrally injection molded with the cover 200 and embedded in the cover 200, which can further improve the integration.

[0065] A two-wheeled vehicle includes a vehicle body and the aforementioned battery pack. The vehicle body has a battery compartment, in which the battery pack is installed and used to provide electrical energy for the displacement of the vehicle body.

[0066] Furthermore, in this utility model, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "a" is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0067] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixing" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0068] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized by, include: The box has an internal cavity for receiving contents; A lid, which is detachably mounted on the box body; The battery module is fixed inside the receiving cavity; The BMS control system is electrically connected to the battery module and is located inside the box cover; A protective element is provided on the BMS control system; The BMS control system and the protection element are directly or indirectly fixed to the inside of the box cover, so that the BMS control system and the protection element are integrated into the box cover.

2. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a battery-side high-voltage interface, which includes a battery-side main positive high-voltage interface and a battery-side main negative high-voltage interface. The battery module is provided with a module main positive interface and a module main negative interface. The module main positive interface is connected to the battery-side main positive high-voltage interface through a main positive wiring harness. The module main negative interface is connected to the battery-side main negative high-voltage interface through the BMS control system and the protection element.

3. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein, The BMS control system is equipped with a BMS battery interface. The protection components include a MOS switch module and a fuse. The BMS battery interface is connected to the module's total negative interface via a total negative wiring harness. One end of the MOS switch module is connected to the BMS battery interface via a nut, and the other end of the MOS switch module is connected to one end of the fuse via a nut. The other end of the fuse is connected to the battery's total negative high voltage interface via a nut.

4. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein, Both the battery terminal negative high voltage interface and the battery terminal positive high voltage interface are integrally formed with the box cover and embedded in the box cover.

5. A battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a vehicle-end high-voltage interface, which includes a vehicle-end total positive high-voltage interface and a vehicle-end total negative high-voltage interface. Both the vehicle-end total positive high-voltage interface and the vehicle-end total negative high-voltage interface are screwed onto the outside of the cover. One end of the battery terminal main negative high voltage interface is provided with a first male terminal, and the vehicle terminal main negative high voltage interface is provided with a first female terminal. The first male terminal can be inserted into the first female terminal. One end of the battery terminal's main positive high voltage interface is provided with a second male terminal, and one end of the vehicle terminal's main positive high voltage interface is provided with a second female terminal. The second male terminal can be inserted into the first female terminal.

6. A battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cover is provided with a connecting post with external threads on its surface. The bottom of the total positive high voltage interface of the vehicle end and the total negative high voltage interface of the vehicle end are both provided with connecting housings. The connecting housings are provided with internal threads that match the external threads on the connecting post. The connecting post can be inserted into the connecting housings.

7. A battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a low-voltage communication connector. The cover has a first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other. The low-voltage communication connector is fixed on the first end and connected to the BMS control system through a low-voltage communication harness. The high-voltage interface at the vehicle end can be fixed on the second end.

8. A battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner side of the box cover is provided with a mounting bracket, and the BMS control system is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket by a screw.

9. A battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The box cover has a maintenance window, and the protective element is located directly below the maintenance window.

10. A two-wheeled vehicle, characterized in that, include: The vehicle body has a battery compartment on it; The battery pack as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the battery pack is installed within the battery compartment.

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