A floating battery swap connector and electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of floating type battery replacement connector and electric vehicle, the floating type battery replacement connector includes car end connector and elastic component, car end connector has shell flange, and installation hole is equipped on shell flange;Elastic component includes floating base and elastic piece;Floating base is worn in the installation hole of shell flange, and radial clearance exists between floating base and installation hole;Elastic piece is set on floating base, and is compressed between shell flange and a support part located on floating base, so that an upward elastic force F is exerted to car end connector, so that car end connector is in floating state in initial state.The connector introduces elastic component between car end connector and vehicle body mounting plate, so that car end connector can float in X, Y, Z three directions, so as to realize automatic righting in plug-in process, and can effectively absorb vibration in vehicle driving, ensure that connector is always in stable insertion, reliable contact state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery swapping technology for electric vehicles, and more particularly to a floating battery swapping connector for connecting a battery pack to the body of an electric vehicle, and further to an electric vehicle including the battery swapping connector. Background Technology

[0002] With the booming development of the sharing economy and the public's urgent need for convenient travel, the market share of battery-swapping electric bicycles and electric motorcycles has increased rapidly. Compared with charging, battery swapping has significant advantages such as faster energy replenishment, lower grid load requirements, and centralized management to extend battery life, and has become an important development direction for energy replenishment for short-distance urban transportation.

[0003] One of the core aspects of battery swapping lies in the rapid and reliable establishment of an electrical connection between the battery pack and the vehicle. Currently, most battery swapping interfaces on the market, in pursuit of ease of operation, adopt a board-to-board connector solution. In this solution, the connector is typically directly fixed to the vehicle body using rigid fasteners such as screws, or it is connected to the vehicle body via a rigid mounting base. This installation method has inherent technical drawbacks: First, the floating compensation capability is insufficient or absent. Existing products generally suffer from floating performance defects: some products' connectors and mounting bases form a rigid whole, completely lacking floating functionality and unable to cope with positional deviations during docking; other products, while attempting to achieve floating, can only provide limited displacement in the direction of gravity (Z-axis), and this displacement relies solely on structural tolerances, resulting in a very small stroke, while having almost no floating capability in the horizontal plane (X and Y directions). These defects lead to a lack of effective automatic correction function during mating: when the battery pack docks with the vehicle-side connector under battery swapping equipment or manual operation, angular and positional deviations are unavoidable. Since the connector cannot absorb or compensate for these deviations through floating, the internal precision conductive terminals are susceptible to severe lateral impact forces, leading to plastic deformation and damage of the terminals, or significantly reducing mating life, seriously affecting the reliability of the connector.

[0004] Secondly, there are reliability challenges during vehicle operation. Vibrations are inevitable when a vehicle is in motion. Due to the battery pack's weight and the necessary assembly tolerances within its compartment, it cannot be completely rigidly locked. Therefore, the battery pack will experience micrometer- to millimeter-level vertical movement relative to the vehicle body. This movement is transmitted to the connector interface, resulting in frequent, small-amplitude "micro-plugging" between the battery-side connector and the vehicle-side connector. This continuous mechanical wear and electrical erosion severely degrades electrical contact performance, ultimately leading to increased contact resistance, excessive temperature rise, and even power outages, seriously affecting product lifespan and driving safety.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the field for a battery swapping connector solution that can achieve multi-dimensional floating, has automatic correction function, and can maintain stable electrical connection in vehicle vibration environment, in order to overcome the inherent defects of the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a floating battery swapping connector and an electric vehicle. This connector introduces an innovative elastic component structure between the vehicle-end connector and the vehicle body mounting plate, enabling the vehicle-end connector to have active floating capability in the X, Y, and Z directions. This allows for automatic alignment during the mating process and effectively absorbs vibrations during vehicle operation, ensuring that the connector is always in a stable mating and reliable contact state.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: On one hand, this utility model discloses a floating battery swapping connector for electrical connection between an electric vehicle and a battery pack, characterized in that it includes: A vehicle-end connector having a housing flange with mounting holes provided on the housing flange; An elastic component is used to float the vehicle-end connector on the vehicle body mounting plate, enabling the vehicle-end connector to float in the X, Y, and Z directions; the elastic component includes a floating base and an elastic element; The floating base passes through the mounting hole of the housing flange, and there is a radial gap between the floating base and the mounting hole; the lower part of the floating base has a connecting part for easy connection with the vehicle body mounting plate; the elastic element is sleeved on the floating base and compressed between the housing flange and a support part located on the floating base, thereby applying an upward elastic force F to the vehicle end connector, so that the vehicle end connector is in a floating state in the initial state.

[0008] Furthermore, the floating base includes: A shaft portion for inserting into the mounting hole of the housing flange; A support section is used to support the elastic element; An anti-detachment part, the radial dimension of which is larger than the diameter of the mounting hole, is used to prevent the floating base from axially detaching from the mounting hole.

[0009] Furthermore, the floating base is integrally formed, and the support part and the anti-detachment part are both integrally formed on the shaft part, with the anti-detachment part and the support part located on both sides of the housing flange, respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the support portion is formed by a radially protruding annular shoulder on the shaft portion; and / or; The anti-detachment part is formed by a limiting flange that protrudes radially on the shaft part.

[0011] Furthermore, the floating base is a split structure, wherein: The support part is composed of an independent limiting support member, which has a radially protruding support flange; The anti-detachment part is provided on a floating fastener; The floating fastener includes the shaft portion, and the limiting support is mounted on the shaft portion of the floating fastener.

[0012] Furthermore, the shaft portion and the anti-detachment portion have one of the following structures: The shaft portion is a threaded rod portion, and the anti-loosening portion is a screw head formed at one end of the threaded rod portion; or, The shaft portion is a threaded rod portion, and the anti-loosening portion includes a screw head formed at one end of the threaded rod portion and a washer sleeved on the threaded rod portion. or, The shaft body is a stud, and the anti-loosening part is a nut screwed onto the stud. or, The shaft body is an optical shaft with a groove, and the anti-disengagement part is a retaining spring that is locked in the groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the limiting support is a T-shaped structure, including a sleeve portion and a support flange protruding radially along the sleeve portion; the sleeve portion is installed on the shaft portion of the floating fastener.

[0014] Furthermore, the elastic element is a cylindrical spring or a conical spring.

[0015] Furthermore, the elastic component also includes a washer, which is sleeved on the floating base and located between the housing flange and the elastic element.

[0016] On the other hand, this utility model discloses an electric vehicle, comprising: The aforementioned floating battery swapping connector; A battery pack end connector for mating with the vehicle end connector; The vehicle body mounting plate is used to install the floating battery swapping connector.

[0017] Furthermore, the vehicle body mounting plate is provided with positioning holes, and the connecting part of the floating base cooperates with the positioning holes to realize the detachable connection between the vehicle end connector and the vehicle body mounting plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the vehicle body mounting plate is provided with a protruding structure for supporting the vehicle end connector.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The beneficial effects of this utility model are that, compared with the prior art, the floating battery swapping connector and electric vehicle provided by this utility model have the following significant advantages: (1) Three-dimensional floating and automatic alignment: The radial gap between the floating base and the mounting hole gives the vehicle-end connector the ability to float in the horizontal plane (X, Y directions). The pre-compressed elastic element gives the vehicle-end connector the ability to float in the vertical direction (Z direction). This three-dimensional floating capability allows the vehicle-end connector to generate adaptive displacement with the assistance of the guide structure when mating with the battery-end connector, even if there is a large positional deviation, so that the vehicle-end connector can achieve automatic alignment and precise mating, completely avoiding the risk of terminal damage due to misaligned insertion and removal, and greatly improving the success rate of battery swapping and the convenience of operation.

[0020] (2) Continuous and stable contact holding force: The initial elastic force F provided by the elastic component always pushes the vehicle-end connector upward. After the battery pack is installed in place, this elastic force is converted into a contact holding force between the connector interfaces. When the vehicle vibrates during driving and the battery pack bounces upward, this elastic force can drive the vehicle-end connector to move upward synchronously with the battery pack, dynamically maintaining the mating depth, effectively suppressing the occurrence of "micro-insertion and extraction" phenomenon, thereby greatly extending the mechanical and electrical life of the connector.

[0021] (3) Compact structure and high reliability: The elastic component has a compact structure that integrates multiple functions such as floating, elastic support, anti-detachment, and limiting into a compact space, making it particularly suitable for installation on electric bicycles and electric motorcycles where space is limited. The integrated and split designs provide flexible implementation options to adapt to different cost and performance requirements. The T-shaped limiting support can precisely control the initial compression of the elastic component, ensuring the consistency of product performance.

[0022] (4) High safety and reliability: The raised structure on the vehicle mounting plate acts as a mechanical hard stop to prevent the elastic element from being crushed and failing under abnormal conditions (such as excessive pressure or huge impact), thus improving the robustness of the entire system. The anti-detachment design ensures that the floating base will not separate from the vehicle end connector under any working conditions, avoiding the risk of the product becoming loose inside the vehicle body.

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a front view of the floating battery swapping connector of this utility model in its initial floating state.

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A bottom view.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the force state of the floating battery swapping connector of this utility model after it moves downward and floats to align itself under the gravity of the battery pack.

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A sectional view.

[0029] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the floating battery swapping connector (split structure) of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the elastic component (where the floating base is integrally formed).

[0031] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle body mounting plate.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the initial state of the floating battery swapping connector of this utility model after it has been installed on the vehicle body mounting plate.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the vehicle-side connector after the battery pack is installed, showing its working state as it moves down and contacts the raised structure.

[0034] The diagram shows the following markings: 1. Vehicle-end connector; 11. Housing flange; 111. Mounting hole; 2. Elastic component; 2-1. Anti-detachment part; 2-2. Shaft part; 2-3. Support part; 21. Floating fastener; 22. Washer; 23. Elastic component; 24. Limiting support component; 3. Vehicle body mounting plate; 31. Protruding structure; 32. Positioning hole; 4. Battery pack end connector; 5. Fixing component; 6. Battery pack.

[0035] Figure 1 In the text, X1 and Y1 refer to the clearance dimensions on the horizontal plane that allow the vehicle-end connector to achieve displacement compensation. In other words, in the X and Y directions, due to the fit clearance between the mounting hole and the fastener, the movable range that allows the connector to automatically align and compensate for deviations during mating.

[0036] Figure 9 In this context, L1 refers to the distance between the mounting hole of the vehicle-end connector housing flange and the shaft portion of the floating base. This distance provides space for the vehicle-end connector to float in the X and Y directions, ensuring that the vehicle-end connector can move freely to achieve alignment when subjected to lateral forces. It is a key structural parameter for realizing the horizontal floating function. L2 refers to the distance the vehicle-end connector can float in the Z direction, which is the range of travel that the components can move relative to each other in this direction to compensate for deviations during assembly or operation. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0038] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper" and "lower" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0039] It should be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0040] This invention provides a floating battery swapping connector and an electric vehicle including the floating battery swapping connector. The floating battery swapping connector is used for electrical connection between the electric vehicle and the battery pack, and includes a vehicle-end connector 1 and an elastic component 2. This invention achieves active floating of the vehicle-end connector in the X, Y, and Z directions through an innovative elastic component structure. This allows for automatic alignment during mating to compensate for positional deviations and maintains a stable electrical connection during vehicle vibrations, effectively solving the problems of easy terminal damage and poor reliability inherent in existing rigid connection solutions. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the following description is based on the accompanying drawings (…). Figures 1 to 9) and specific embodiments, the specific structure, assembly mode and working process of the floating battery swapping connector and the electric vehicle of the present utility model are described in detail.

[0041] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , the structure of the floating battery swapping connector will be described first.

[0042] The vehicle-end connector 1 is a conventional electrical connector, the insulating housing thereof is made of high temperature resistant insulating material, and a plurality of precision conductive terminals are arranged in the housing for realizing electrical connection with the battery pack 6. A housing flange 11 is molded or mounted on the insulating housing (see Figure 5 ), the housing flange 11 is of a rectangular or circular plate-like structure, made of metal or high-strength plastic, and has sufficient structural strength to bear the self-weight of the vehicle-end connector 1 and the acting force during mating. A plurality of mounting holes 111 are symmetrically processed on the housing flange 11 (see Figure 5 ), the mounting hole 111 is a circular through hole with a diameter D1, and is used for passing through the shaft portion 2-2 of the floating base.

[0043] The elastic assembly 2 is used for floatingly mounting the vehicle-end connector 1 on the vehicle body mounting plate 3, so that the vehicle-end connector 1 can float in three directions of X, Y and Z, and comprises a floating base and an elastic member 23, and may further comprise a gasket 22 (see Figure 5 ).

[0044] The floating base is penetrated through the mounting hole 111 of the housing flange 11, a radial gap is formed between the floating base and the mounting hole 111, and the lower part of the floating base is provided with a connecting part for being fixedly connected with the vehicle body mounting plate 3. The floating base has two structures: an integrated structure and a split structure.

[0045] When the floating base is of an integrated structure, it is integrally formed, please refer to Figure 6 , the floating base comprises a shaft portion 2-2, a support portion 2-3 and an anti-dropping portion 2-1; the shaft portion 2-2 is an optical shaft or a screw rod with a constant diameter D2 (D2<D1), the length is set according to the floating stroke requirement of the vehicle-end connector 1, the shaft portion 2-2 is used for passing through the mounting hole 111 of the housing flange 11, the radial gap between the shaft portion 2-2 and the mounting hole 111 is △=±(D1-D2) / 2, which provides space for floating in the X and Y directions. The support portion 2-3 is an annular shoulder formed by radially protruding from a certain position in the middle of the shaft portion 2-2, the diameter of the support portion 2-3 is much larger than the diameter D1 of the mounting hole 111, the surface of the support portion 2-3 is flat, and the support portion 2-3 is used for supporting the lower end of the elastic member 23 and serving as a stress component for compressing the elastic member 23. The anti-dropping portion 2-1 is located at the end of the shaft portion 2-2 and arranged at an interval from the support portion 2-3, the radial dimension D3 of the anti-dropping portion 2-1 is larger than D1, the anti-dropping portion 2-1 can be a large hexagonal head, a pan head or a specially enlarged non-standard head, and is used for preventing the floating base from axially disengaging from the mounting hole 111.

[0046] To facilitate the installation of the elastic component, preferably, the floating base is designed as a split structure. When the floating base is a split structure, it consists of a floating fastener 21 and a limit support 24 (see Figure 5 ); the floating fastener 21 includes a shaft portion 2-2 and a retaining portion 2-1 (see Figure 5 ); the shaft portion 2-2 may be a threaded rod portion, a stud (a smooth shaft with threads at both ends or one end) or a smooth shaft machined with an annular groove, has a diameter of D2 (D2<D1), and has a radial clearance △=±(D1-D2) / 2 with the mounting hole 111; the retaining portion 2-1 is arranged on the shaft portion 2-2, has a radial dimension D3>2×D1-D2, and may be a screw head integrally formed with the threaded rod (in this case, the screw head has a larger diameter), a combination of a screw head and a washer sleeved on the threaded rod (in this case, the screw head has a smaller diameter, and the washer is required to cooperate with it to prevent detachment), a nut screwed onto the stud or a circlip clamped in the groove of the smooth shaft, and is configured to prevent the floating fastener 21 from axially detaching from the mounting hole 111. The limit support 24 preferably has a T-shaped structure, is made of metal or high-strength plastic, and includes a sleeve portion and a supporting flange (see Figure 5 ); the sleeve portion is a cylindrical tubular structure, is mounted on the shaft portion 2-2 of the floating fastener 21, has an outer diameter less than or equal to the maximum diameter of the shaft portion 2-2 of the floating fastener 21, and has a smooth inner wall to ensure smooth axial movement; the supporting flange is an annular structure formed by radially outward folding from the bottom end of the sleeve portion, constitutes a supporting portion 2-3, and is configured to support the lower end of the elastic member 23 and accurately define the initial installation height (pre-compression amount) of the elastic member 23.

[0047] The elastic member 23 is sleeved on the floating base and compressed between the housing flange 11 and the supporting portion 2-3. The initial elastic force F of the elastic member 23 is greater than the gravity of the vehicle-end connector 1 itself, so as to ensure that the vehicle-end connector 1 is in a floating state in the initial state. The elastic member 23 is preferably a cylindrical helical spring or a conical spring, is made of high-strength spring steel, and has good elastic recovery performance (see Figure 5 ).

[0048] The washer 22 is made of metal or wear-resistant plastic, is sleeved on the shaft portion 202 of the floating base, and is located between the housing flange 11 and the elastic member 23 (see Figure 5 ), on one hand, it prevents the elastic member 23 from being clamped in the mounting hole 111, thereby affecting the function of the elastic member 23; on the other hand, it disperses the pressure of the elastic member 23 on the housing flange 11, and prevents the end of the elastic member 23 from wearing the housing flange 11 and wearing itself.

[0049] Next, the specific structure of the electric vehicle will be described. Please refer to Figures 7 to 9The electric vehicle includes the aforementioned floating battery swapping connector, battery pack end connector 4, and vehicle body mounting plate 3; the battery pack end connector 4 is disposed on the battery pack 6 and is adapted to the conductive terminals of the vehicle end connector 1, and a reliable electrical connection with the battery pack 6 is achieved through the three-way floating of the vehicle end connector 1.

[0050] The vehicle mounting plate 3 is a metal plate structure that is fixed to the body of the electric vehicle. It has positioning holes 32 and a raised structure 31 (attached). Figure 7 The positioning hole 32 is a circular through hole or a threaded hole, which cooperates with the connection part of the floating base (such as threaded connection or locking by nut) to realize the detachable connection between the floating base and the vehicle body mounting plate 3; the protruding structure 31 is a protrusion or step structure protruding from the surface of the vehicle body mounting plate 3, which is used to support the extreme position of the vehicle end connector 1 when it moves downward, and to prevent the elastic element 23 from being over-compressed and failing.

[0051] Combined with appendix Figures 1 to 9 The core principle of this utility model is to "suspend" the vehicle-end connector 1 by using the elastic component 2, and to achieve multi-dimensional floating and dynamic contact maintenance by utilizing structural gaps and elastic force. The specific process is as follows: (1) Initial state (attached) Figure 2 After installation, the elastic element 23 is in a pre-compressed state, and the elastic force F generated by it pushes the vehicle end connector 1 to move upward until the anti-detachment part 2-1 of the floating base contacts the upper edge of the mounting hole 111 of the housing flange 11. The vehicle end connector 1 is in the highest "suspended" position, and no external force acts on the vehicle end connector 1 at this time. (2) The insertion and automatic straightening process (see appendix) Figure 8 When the battery pack connector 4 mates with the vehicle connector 1, if there is a centerline deviation between the two, the battery pack connector 4 will apply a lateral force to the vehicle connector 1. Due to the radial clearance Δ between the mounting hole 111 of the housing flange 11 and the floating base shaft 2-2, the vehicle connector 1 can freely move in the horizontal plane (X and Y directions). Automatic alignment is achieved through the relative sliding between the inner wall of the mounting hole 111 and the surface of the shaft 2-2, ensuring accurate mating between the battery pack connector 4 and the vehicle connector 1 and avoiding damage to the terminals due to misalignment. (3) Insertion and Limit Protection (attached) Figure 9 After alignment, the weight of the battery pack 6 and other downward pressures overcome the elastic force F of the elastic element 23, pushing the vehicle-end connector 1 downwards as a whole, further compressing the elastic element 23 until the battery pack end connector 4 and the vehicle-end connector 1 are fully inserted into place. At this time, the lower surface of the vehicle-end connector 1 may contact the protruding structure 31 on the vehicle body mounting plate 3. The protruding structure 31 acts as a mechanical hard stop to prevent the elastic element 23 from being completely crushed (pressed into place) and failing under abnormally strong force, thus protecting the elastic component 2. (4) Vibration compensation during driving: When the vehicle is in motion, road surface excitation will cause the battery pack 6 to bounce up and down. When the battery pack 6 bounces up, the downward pressure applied to the vehicle end connector 1 decreases instantly. At this time, the elastic force F of the elastic element 23, which has been compressed, becomes dominant and will immediately push the vehicle end connector 1 to move up with the battery pack 6, dynamically maintaining the insertion depth of the two and avoiding connector interface separation (i.e. avoiding "micro-plugging"). When the battery pack 6 moves down, the downward pressure increases, the elastic element 23 is further compressed, and the vehicle end connector 1 moves down accordingly, always maintaining stable contact.

[0052] In summary, this invention, through the combined design of an integrated or separate floating base and the elastic element 23, achieves active floating of the vehicle-end connector in the X, Y, and Z directions. This solves the problem of deviation compensation during the mating process and suppresses the "micro-mating / pulling" phenomenon caused by vehicle vibration through continuous contact holding force. The structural layout shown in the attached drawings and the above embodiments fully demonstrate the design advantages of this invention in integrating multiple functions in a compact space, making it suitable for scenarios such as electric bicycles and electric motorcycles where high battery swapping efficiency and reliability are required.

[0053] The technical solution provided by this utility model has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and specific implementation of this utility model. The above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​this utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this utility model fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A floating battery swapping connector for electrical connection between an electric vehicle and a battery pack, characterized in that, include: Vehicle end connector (1) has a housing flange (11) with mounting holes (111) on the housing flange (11). The elastic component (2) is used to float the vehicle end connector (1) on the vehicle body mounting plate (3), so that the vehicle end connector (1) can float in the X, Y and Z directions; the elastic component (2) includes a floating base and an elastic element (23). The floating base passes through the mounting hole (111) of the housing flange (11), and there is a radial gap between the floating base and the mounting hole (111); the lower part of the floating base has a connecting part, which facilitates connection with the vehicle body mounting plate (3); the elastic element (23) is sleeved on the floating base and compressed between the housing flange (11) and a support part (2-3) located on the floating base, thereby applying an upward elastic force F to the vehicle end connector (1), so that the vehicle end connector (1) is in a floating state in the initial state.

2. The floating battery swapping connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating base includes: A shaft body (2-2) is used to insert a mounting hole (111) into the housing flange (11). A support part (2-3) is used to support the elastic element (23); An anti-detachment part (2-1) is provided, the radial dimension of which is larger than the diameter of the mounting hole (111), for preventing the floating base from axially detaching from the mounting hole (111).

3. The floating battery swapping connector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The floating base is integrally formed, and the support part (2-3) and the anti-detachment part (2-1) are both integrally formed on the shaft part (2-2). The anti-detachment part (2-1) and the support part (2-3) are located on both sides of the shell flange (11).

4. The floating battery swapping connector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support portion (2-3) is formed by a radially protruding annular shoulder on the shaft portion (2-2); and / or; The anti-detachment part (2-1) is formed by a radially protruding limiting flange on the shaft part (2-2).

5. The floating battery swapping connector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The floating base is a split structure, wherein: The support part (2-3) is composed of an independent limiting support member (24), which has a radially protruding support flange; The anti-detachment part (2-1) is provided on a floating fastener (21); The floating fastener (21) includes the shaft portion (2-2), and the limiting support (24) is mounted on the shaft portion (2-2) of the floating fastener (21).

6. The floating battery swapping connector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shaft portion (2-2) and the anti-detachment portion (2-1) have one of the following structures: The shaft part (2-2) is a threaded rod part, and the anti-loosening part (2-1) is a screw head formed at one end of the threaded rod part; or, The shaft part (2-2) is a threaded rod part, and the anti-loosening part (2-1) includes a screw head formed at one end of the threaded rod part and a washer sleeved on the threaded rod part; or, The shaft part (2-2) is a stud, and the anti-loosening part (2-1) is a nut screwed onto the stud; or, The shaft body (2-2) is an optical shaft with a groove, and the anti-disengagement part (2-1) is a retaining spring that is engaged in the groove.

7. The floating battery swapping connector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting support (24) is a T-shaped structure, including a sleeve portion and a support flange protruding radially along the sleeve portion; the sleeve portion is installed on the shaft portion (2-2) of the floating fastener (21).

8. The floating battery swapping connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic element (23) is a cylindrical spring or a conical spring.

9. The floating battery swapping connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic component (2) also includes a washer (22), which is fitted on the floating base and located between the housing flange (11) and the elastic element (23).

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, include: The floating battery swapping connector as described in any one of claims 1-9; Battery pack end connector (4) for mating with the vehicle end connector (1); The vehicle body mounting plate (3) is used to install the floating battery swapping connector.

11. The electric vehicle according to claim 10, characterized in that: The vehicle mounting plate (3) is provided with positioning holes (32), and the connecting part of the floating base cooperates with the positioning holes (32) to realize the detachable connection between the vehicle end connector (1) and the vehicle mounting plate (3).

12. The electric vehicle according to claim 10, characterized in that: The vehicle body mounting plate (3) is provided with a protruding structure (31) for supporting the vehicle end connector (1).

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