Permanent magnet electric motor reducer and beam pumping unit

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of equipment of mining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable material or mineral slurry from well, especially relates to a permanent magnet electric speed reducer and beam -pumping unit, including speed reducer casing, drive main shaft, stator and rotor, its beneficial effect is that the speed reducer no longer contains exposed transmission structure, so the transmission efficiency will not be reduced because of the belt transmission slip, and there is no operation of replacing and tensioning the belt, and more will not cause the security hidden danger because of adjusting the belt, the built -in motor assembly sets up on the first connecting section, makes drive main shaft stress more balanced, its transmission chain length is shorter and more direct, and the efficiency is higher, and the heat produced by stator and rotor can also heat the oil, makes oil liquid can improve to the suitable working temperature more quickly, and then improves the lubricating effect of oil liquid to the speed reducer, improves the working efficiency of the speed reducer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present utility model relates to the technical field of equipment for extracting oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable substances or mineral mud from wells, and in particular to a permanent magnet electric reducer and a beam pumping unit. Background Art

[0002] A beam pumping unit is a mechanical device that uses a crank-link mechanism to convert the rotary motion of an electric motor (or engine) into the up-and-down oscillation of a walking beam, thereby driving the plunger of a downhole oil well pump to perform up-and-down reciprocating motion and realize crude oil lifting. The drive system of a beam pumping unit usually adopts a three-phase asynchronous motor matched with a reducer. However, since the beam pumping unit operates under low-load conditions most of the time, the operating efficiency and power factor of the matched three-phase asynchronous motor are significantly low.

[0003] In addition, belt drive is generally used between the motor and the reducer. This method has the problems of large transmission loss and high energy consumption. Especially in the rainy season or when the belt tension is insufficient, slipping is prone to occur, which further reduces the transmission efficiency, affects the efficiency of the entire mechanical production system and increases energy consumption. At the same time, the belt will apply a continuous radial load to the input shaft of the reducer, causing eccentric wear at the shaft root, which in turn leads to faults such as reducer shaft shifting, seal failure and oil leakage, affecting production efficiency and increasing maintenance costs. As a vulnerable part, the belt needs to be replaced frequently, which not only increases the labor intensity of frontline oilfield workers, but also causes multiple safety accidents in oilfields every year due to its inherent mechanical injury risk. Contents of the Utility Model

[0004] (1) Technical Problem to be Solved

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present utility model provides a permanent magnet electric reducer that can be used for a beam pumping unit and a beam pumping unit including the permanent magnet electric reducer, which solves the technical problems in the prior art that the belt is prone to slipping, needs tension adjustment, easily causes reducer shaft shifting, and has potential safety hazards during belt maintenance when the belt links the motor and the reducer.

[0006] (2) Technical Scheme

[0007] In order to achieve the above objective, the main technical scheme adopted by the present utility model is as follows:

[0008] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a permanent magnet electric reducer, including a reducer housing, a drive shaft, a stator, a rotor, and a reduction assembly; a cavity is formed inside the reducer housing, and the reduction assembly is disposed inside the cavity; the drive shaft has a first connecting section located inside the cavity, the rotor is fixedly sleeved on the first connecting section, the stator is fixed inside the cavity and located on the outer periphery of the rotor, and when the stator is energized, the rotor can drive the drive shaft to rotate; the stator is an insulated stator, and the cavity is filled with oil, which can simultaneously contact the reduction assembly, the stator, and the rotor.

[0009] In this technical solution, the reducer no longer includes an exposed transmission structure, thus eliminating the reduction in transmission efficiency due to belt slippage, the need for belt replacement and tensioning, and the safety hazards associated with belt adjustments. The built-in motor assembly is located on the first connecting section, resulting in more balanced force on the drive shaft, improving the reducer's operational stability and reducing maintenance costs. Furthermore, the motor assembly can be protected by the reducer housing, eliminating the need for a separate motor-reducer housing, further reducing costs and improving the reducer's structural compactness. The heat generated by the stator and rotor also heats the hydraulic fluid, allowing it to reach a suitable operating temperature more quickly, thereby improving lubrication and increasing the reducer's efficiency. The permanent magnet electric reducer structure, including the stator, rotor, drive shaft, and reduction assembly, is all housed within a cavity and shares the same hydraulic fluid. This helps reduce the manufacturing cost of the permanent magnet electric reducer. Simultaneously, the hydraulic fluid can fully contact the reducer housing, utilizing its large surface area to dissipate heat to the environment, ensuring that all components remain within a suitable temperature range during operation. Meanwhile, thanks to the action of the oil, there will be no problem of any component overheating. Instead, the temperature of each component will be similar due to the heat conduction of the oil, which will help improve the overall performance of the permanent magnet electric reducer.

[0010] In one technical solution of this utility model, the stator is an insulated stator.

[0011] In this technical solution, the stator coil is sealed with insulating adhesive to improve its insulation and prevent the stator coil from being affected by oil, thus ensuring the reliability of the permanent magnet electric reducer.

[0012] In one technical solution of this utility model, two chip baffles are also included. The chip baffles are fixedly connected to the first connecting section and are located on both sides of the rotor's axial direction. The outer circumferential surface of the chip baffles is clearance-fitted with the axial end of the stator.

[0013] In this technical solution, two annular chip baffles are installed on both sides of the rotor axial direction to achieve physical isolation and protection of the motor operating area. The annular structure of the chip baffles can effectively intercept metal chips from the reducer cavity, preventing motor insulation failure caused by abrasive wear.

[0014] In one technical solution of this utility model, the iron chip baffle is an oil-resistant rubber sheet or a bakelite sheet to ensure the wear resistance and service life of the iron chip baffle.

[0015] In one technical solution of this utility model, the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the chip baffle and the axial end of the stator is designed to block the passage of chips.

[0016] This technical solution ensures both the dynamic sealing requirements during rotor rotation and provides channels for oil circulation, allowing the system to maintain a high level of protection without sacrificing lubrication efficiency. The fluid dynamics effect created by the precision gap design causes shear thickening of the oil as it passes through the gap, forming a dynamic oil film barrier. This reduces the content of metal particles entering the motor area by more than 90%, significantly improving the dielectric strength of the stator windings.

[0017] In one technical solution of this utility model, the iron chip baffle is provided with oil inlet and outlet holes, which are constructed to allow oil to pass through while blocking iron chips from passing through.

[0018] In this technical solution, the oil inlet and outlet holes accelerate the oil turnover rate inside the stator, thereby improving the lubrication effect of the stator and rotor and extending their service life. Simultaneously, the faster oil turnover better dissipates heat generated during operation, helping to maintain the stator and rotor temperatures within a suitable range even under prolonged operation, further extending their service life.

[0019] In one technical solution of this utility model, an output shaft is axially rotatably connected to the reducer housing, and its axis is parallel to the axis of the drive main shaft. The output shaft includes a second connecting section located within the cavity. A reduction assembly is also included within the cavity, and the first and second connecting sections are drivenly connected via the reduction assembly.

[0020] In this technical solution, the output shaft and the drive shaft are arranged in parallel. The second connecting section is driven to the first connecting section of the drive shaft through a reduction assembly, so as to reduce the axial distance between the drive shaft and the output shaft, shorten the size of the reducer housing, and thus improve the structural compactness of the reducer.

[0021] In one technical solution of this utility model, the deceleration assembly includes two sets of primary gears, both sets of primary gears are fixedly connected to the first connecting section and located on both sides of the stator along the axial direction.

[0022] In this technical solution, two sets of primary gears are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the stator axial direction, enabling the radial load borne by the first connecting section of the drive shaft to achieve self-balancing, effectively reducing transmission impact and improving the balance and stability of torque transmission. Simultaneously, the stator's placement between the two sets of primary gears improves space utilization, further enhancing the structural compactness of the permanent magnet electric reducer. Furthermore, the transmission system employs a multi-stage reduction structure, introducing an intermediate shaft and its intermediate gear as a bridge for power transmission, improving the reliability and redundancy of the transmission.

[0023] In one technical solution of this utility model, the two ends of the drive spindle are rotatably supported on the reducer housing.

[0024] In one technical solution of this utility model, a connecting assembly is also included. The stator is fixedly connected to the reducer housing via the connecting assembly to ensure the structural stability of the stator. The connecting assembly includes tie rods and pressure rings. Multiple tie rods are circumferentially fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the stator. Two sets of pressure rings are provided, each fixedly connected to both axial ends of the stator. The two ends of the tie rods are fixedly connected to the two sets of pressure rings respectively. The bottom of the pressure rings is fixedly connected to the reducer housing. The bottom of the pressure rings is fixedly connected to the reducer housing via set screws, and the lateral and longitudinal positions of the pressure rings are adjustable.

[0025] In this technical solution, the connecting assembly employs multiple circumferentially distributed tie rods combined with pressure rings at both ends to construct a high-strength, high-rigidity pre-tightened connection structure. This effectively enhances the structural stability of the stator during operation, preventing loosening caused by vibration or torque fluctuations, thereby improving the overall mechanical strength and operational reliability of the permanent magnet electric reducer. The connecting assembly completely replaces the traditional "motor housing" structure, allowing most of the stator to be exposed within the cavity, which facilitates stator heat dissipation, improves motor efficiency, and extends service life. Using a cage-like structure instead of a complete motor housing significantly reduces the overall weight, thus lowering the curb weight of the permanent magnet electric reducer and facilitating assembly and transportation. Compared to the motor housing, the cage-like connecting assembly uses less material, resulting in lower material costs and consequently reducing the cost of the permanent magnet electric reducer. The cage-like structure makes the stator more visible, facilitating stator maintenance and allowing for regular checks of stator operating status and timely detection of potential problems.

[0026] In one technical solution of this utility model, the permanent magnet electric reducer is used in a beam pumping unit.

[0027] Secondly, this utility model provides a beam pumping unit, including a drive unit and the permanent magnet electric reducer in the above-mentioned technical solutions. The drive shaft is driven and connected to the drive unit. Therefore, this beam pumping unit contains all the beneficial effects of any of the above-mentioned technical solutions. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.

[0028] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0029] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: the permanent magnet electric reducer and the walking beam pumping unit of this utility model have the stator, rotor and the motor assembly formed by the drive shaft located in the cavity, and the cavity is the inner cavity of the reducer. Therefore, the internal space utilization rate of this permanent magnet electric reducer is higher, which greatly improves the structural compactness of the reducer.

[0030] This reducer eliminates the need for exposed transmission structures, thus preventing reduced transmission efficiency due to belt slippage, eliminating the need for belt replacement and tensioning, and eliminating safety hazards associated with belt adjustments. The built-in motor assembly is located on the first connecting section, resulting in more balanced force distribution on the drive shaft, improving the reducer's operational stability, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0031] Furthermore, the motor assembly can be protected by the gearbox housing, thus eliminating the need for a separate motor and gearbox housing, reducing costs while further improving the gearbox's structural compactness. The heat generated by the stator and rotor can also heat the hydraulic fluid, allowing it to reach a suitable operating temperature more quickly, thereby improving the lubrication effect of the hydraulic fluid on the gearbox and increasing its working efficiency.

[0032] The permanent magnet electric reducer structure, including the stator, rotor, drive shaft, and reduction assembly, is all housed within a cavity and shares the same oil within the cavity. This helps reduce the manufacturing cost of the permanent magnet electric reducer. At the same time, the oil can fully contact the reducer housing, allowing the large area of ​​the reducer housing to dissipate heat to the external environment, which helps ensure that each component is kept within a suitable temperature range during operation.

[0033] Meanwhile, thanks to the action of the oil, there will be no problem of any component overheating. Instead, the temperature of each component will be similar due to the heat conduction of the oil, which will help improve the overall performance of the permanent magnet electric reducer. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a top view sectional structural diagram of the permanent magnet electric reducer of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 2 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the motor assembly, the chip baffle, and the connecting assembly of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 3This is the second structural schematic diagram of the motor assembly and connecting assembly of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 4 This is the third structural schematic diagram of the motor assembly, chip baffle, and connecting assembly of this utility model;

[0038] Figure 5 This is the fourth structural schematic diagram of the motor assembly, the chip baffle, and the connecting assembly of this utility model.

[0039] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Images]

[0040] 1: Gearbox housing; 1a: Cavity;

[0041] 2: Drive spindle; 2a: First connecting section;

[0042] 3: Stator;

[0043] 4: Rotor;

[0044] 5: Output shaft; 5a: Second connecting section;

[0045] 6: Reduction gear assembly; 61: Primary gear; 62: Intermediate shaft; 62a: Third connecting section; 63: Intermediate gear; 64: Secondary gear;

[0046] 7: Iron filings baffle;

[0047] 8: Brake disc;

[0048] 9: Connecting component; 91: Tie rod; 92: Pressure ring; 93: Base plate. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To better explain and facilitate understanding of this utility model, the following description is provided in conjunction with the appendix. Figures 1-5 This utility model will be described in detail through specific embodiments. In this document, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" are used in conjunction with other directional terms. Figure 1 The orientation is used as a reference.

[0050] Example 1:

[0051] Reference Figures 1-5 This utility model provides a permanent magnet electric reducer, including a reducer housing 1, a drive shaft 2, a stator 3, a rotor 4, and a reduction assembly 6. A cavity 1a is formed inside the reducer housing 1, and the reduction assembly 6 is disposed inside the cavity 1a. The drive shaft 2 has a first connecting section 2a located inside the cavity 1a. The rotor 4 is fixedly sleeved on the first connecting section 2a. The stator 3 is fixed inside the cavity 1a and located on the outer periphery of the rotor 4. When the stator 3 is energized, the rotor 4 can drive the drive shaft 2 to rotate. The stator 3 is an insulated stator. The cavity 1a is filled with oil, and the oil can simultaneously contact the reduction assembly 6, the stator 3, and the rotor 4.

[0052] In this embodiment, the motor assembly formed by the stator 3, rotor 4, and drive shaft 2 is located within cavity 1a, which is also the inner cavity of the reducer. The reduction gear components that the reducer should have are also located within this cavity 1a. Therefore, this type of permanent magnet electric reducer has a higher internal space utilization rate, greatly improving the structural compactness of the reducer. Simultaneously, its transmission chain is shorter and more direct, thus improving the working efficiency of the reducer. Furthermore, the cavity 1a contains the reducer's oil, which can serve not only as the oil for the reducer's reduction gear components 6 but also as the oil for lubricating the stator 3 and rotor 4, thereby reducing the temperature of the stator 3 and rotor 4 and extending their service life.

[0053] This reducer eliminates the need for an exposed transmission structure. Compared to existing technologies, it avoids reduced transmission efficiency due to belt slippage, eliminates the need for belt replacement and tensioning, and eliminates safety hazards associated with belt adjustments. The built-in motor assembly is located on the first connecting section 2a, resulting in more balanced force distribution on the drive shaft 2, improving the reducer's operational stability and reducing maintenance costs.

[0054] Furthermore, the motor assembly can be protected by the reducer housing 1, thereby eliminating the need for the motor reducer housing 1, reducing costs while further improving the structural compactness of the reducer.

[0055] The heat generated by stator 3 and rotor 4 can also heat the oil, allowing the oil to reach the appropriate operating temperature more quickly, thereby improving the lubrication effect of the oil on the reducer and increasing the working efficiency of the reducer.

[0056] Stator 3 is an insulated stator. The encapsulation is a manufacturing process in which the coil of stator 3 is encapsulated with insulating glue during the production of stator 3 to improve its insulation. At the same time, it can also prevent the coil of stator 3 from being affected by oil and thus avoid problems, ensuring the reliability of the permanent magnet electric reducer.

[0057] The two ends of the drive spindle 2 are rotatably supported on the reducer housing 1 to ensure that the drive spindle 2 can operate in a balanced and smooth manner. The permanent magnet electric reducer also includes an output shaft 5 axially rotatably connected to the reducer housing 1, with its axis parallel to the axis of the drive spindle 2. The section of the output shaft 5 located within the cavity 1a is the second connecting section 5a. It also includes a reduction assembly 6 located within the cavity 1a, and the first connecting section 2a and the second connecting section 5a are drivenly connected through the reduction assembly 6.

[0058] In this embodiment, the output shaft 5 and the drive spindle 2 are arranged in parallel. The second connecting section 5a is driven to the first connecting section 2a of the drive spindle 2 through the reduction assembly 6, so as to reduce the axial distance between the drive spindle 2 and the output shaft 5, shorten the size of the reducer housing 1, and thus improve the structural compactness of the reducer.

[0059] As can be seen, in this embodiment, the permanent magnet electric reducer structure, including the stator 3, rotor 4, drive shaft 2, and reduction assembly 6, is all housed within cavity 1a and shares the same oil within cavity 1a. This helps reduce the manufacturing cost of the permanent magnet electric reducer. Simultaneously, the oil can fully contact the reducer housing 1, allowing the large area of ​​the housing to dissipate heat to the external environment, ensuring that each component remains within a suitable temperature range during operation. Furthermore, the oil prevents any component from overheating; instead, the heat conduction of the oil keeps the temperature of each component similar, thereby improving the overall performance of the permanent magnet electric reducer.

[0060] Specifically, rotor 4 can be manufactured using high-performance rare-earth permanent magnet materials, which have advantages such as high magnetic energy product and high coercivity, thus improving motor efficiency and power density. Stator 3 adopts a silicon steel sheet laminated structure, the windings use high-conductivity copper wire, and oil-proof insulation is achieved through a glue sealing process.

[0061] The reduction gear assembly 6 can employ a pair or multiple stages of helical or spiral gear transmission structure. The gear material can be alloy steel or powder metallurgy material, and the surface is heat-treated, such as carburizing and quenching, to improve wear resistance and fatigue life. Oil grooves are provided between the gear pairs to ensure continuous lubrication during high-speed operation.

[0062] The cavity 1a is equipped with an oil circulation channel or a cooling oil tank, which can be used in conjunction with an external cooling device to achieve forced cooling, and is suitable for high load or continuous operation conditions.

[0063] The reducer housing 1 has an oil drain port and a filter at its bottom for easy regular maintenance and replacement. The reducer housing 1 is made of cast iron or aluminum alloy, providing good mechanical strength and heat dissipation. Each shaft end uses a double-lip seal or mechanical seal to prevent oil leakage while ensuring the shaft's rotational freedom. A motor drive module, such as a frequency converter or servo driver, can be integrated externally or internally into the reducer housing 1 to achieve integrated control of the motor and reducer, improving the equipment's intelligence level.

[0064] More specifically, the rotor 4 includes axially stacked magnets and permanent magnets inserted on the magnets, and the stator 3 includes a body and windings wound on the body.

[0065] The reducer housing 1 has a cable routing hole for arranging the stator cables.

[0066] The junction box can be fixed on the reducer housing 1 and designed to be above the oil level.

[0067] An oil-resistant sealing ring is installed inside the cable routing hole to improve its sealing performance, and a multi-hole threaded sleeve is used for cable exit to lock the cable in place.

[0068] The drive spindle 2 can be configured as either disconnected or integrated. If the drive spindle 2 is disconnected, the first connecting section 2a and both ends of the drive spindle are connected by a coupling. In this connection structure, since the length of the first connecting section 2a, which serves as the shaft of the rotor 4, is relatively short, it is easier to process and thus improves the processing efficiency of the preceding processing steps of the permanent magnet electric reducer.

[0069] If the drive spindle 2 is an integral unit, then the first connecting section 2a and the two ends of the drive spindle are an integral rotating shaft. This structure will improve the assembly efficiency of the permanent magnet electric reducer. However, since the rotating shaft of the rotor 4 is longer, it is not conducive to the machining of the rotor. It can be flexibly selected by relevant personnel.

[0070] Both ends of the drive spindle 2 and the output shaft 5 are connected to the gearbox housing 1 via bearings. The bearings are fitted at both ends of both shafts, and their axial positions are defined by shaft shoulders and end caps fixedly connected to the gearbox housing 1. The bearings of the drive spindle 2 can be deep groove ball bearings, and the bearings of the output shaft 5 can be tapered roller bearings. Furthermore, the bearings can be lubricated by lubricating oil within the cavity 1a.

[0071] In the encapsulated stator, the stator windings are completely wrapped and sealed with a special resin or colloidal material. This treatment not only enhances the overall mechanical stability of stator 3 but also ensures insulation performance, effectively preventing the intrusion of moisture, impurities, oil, and other contaminants, thereby greatly improving the insulation performance and service life of stator 3.

[0072] Meanwhile, the sealant material also has good thermal conductivity, which helps to dissipate heat from the winding more quickly, helps to maintain the stability of the internal temperature of stator 3, and thus improves the working efficiency and reliability of stator 3.

[0073] The sealing process can effectively fix the windings, reduce the displacement or vibration that may occur during operation, thereby reducing noise caused by vibration and improving the smoothness of stator 3 operation.

[0074] The sealant-encapsulated stator 3 provides an additional protective layer for the windings, preventing them from being corroded by chemicals.

[0075] Compared to insulation treatments such as impregnation, encapsulation technology simplifies the production process, shortens the production cycle, and achieves a more uniform and reliable insulation effect.

[0076] This permanent magnet electric reducer is used in a walking beam pumping unit to drive the crank-connecting rod assembly of the walking beam pumping unit to achieve oil extraction.

[0077] Example 2:

[0078] Reference Figures 1-5 In addition to possessing all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, the embodiments of this utility model further possess the following technical solutions:

[0079] The permanent magnet electric reducer also includes two chip baffles 7, which are fixedly connected to the first connecting section 2a and located on both sides of the rotor 4. The outer circumferential surface of the chip baffles 7 is clearance-fitted with the axial end of the stator 3.

[0080] Optionally, the gap between the two can be configured to block iron filings from passing through while allowing oil to pass through.

[0081] In this embodiment, two annular chip baffles 7 are provided on both sides of the rotor 4 axially, achieving physical isolation and protection of the motor operating area. The chip baffles 7 can be an integral thin-walled structure, fixed to the surface of the first connecting section 2a of the drive spindle 2 by laser welding. Their outer circumferential surface maintains a certain precision gap with the axial end face of the stator 3, such as 0.2-0.3 mm. This design ensures both the dynamic sealing requirements of the rotor 4 during rotation and provides a channel for oil circulation, allowing the system to maintain a high level of protection without sacrificing lubrication efficiency.

[0082] On the one hand, the annular structure of the scrap baffle 7 can effectively intercept metal scraps from the reducer cavity 1a, preventing motor insulation failure caused by abrasive wear. On the other hand, the fluid dynamics effect created by the precision gap design causes the oil to shear thicken as it passes through the gap, forming a dynamic oil film barrier. This can reduce the content of metal particles entering the motor area by more than 90%, significantly improving the dielectric strength of the stator 3 winding.

[0083] Specifically, the pre-machined chip baffle 7 is first fitted into the drive spindle 2, positioned using positioning steps and shoulders, and then permanently connected via multi-point laser welding. To accommodate thermal expansion differences, the welded joint is designed with a Z-shaped wave structure. The stator 3 end face is CNC ground to form a chamfered transition area. Furthermore, it can be used in conjunction with a magnetic oil filter screen located at the bottom of the reducer housing 1 to construct a three-stage purification system of "physical interception - oil film filtration - magnetic adsorption," significantly improving motor lifespan.

[0084] In this embodiment, the chip baffle 7 corresponds to a solid plate structure, which can be made of aluminum alloy or engineering plastic to reduce mass and thus reduce rotational inertia. The outer circumferential surface of the chip baffle 7 is smoothed to ensure the fitting accuracy when it mates with the stator 3.

[0085] The scrap baffle 7 can also be made of oil-resistant rubber or bakelite to ensure the wear resistance and service life of the scrap baffle 7.

[0086] Example 3:

[0087] Reference Figures 1-5 In addition to possessing all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, the embodiments of this utility model further possess the following technical solutions:

[0088] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that the iron filings baffle 7 has oil inlet and outlet holes (not shown in the figure). The oil inlet and outlet holes are designed to allow oil to pass through while blocking iron filings from passing through.

[0089] Specifically, axially penetrating oil holes can be evenly distributed radially in each chip baffle 7 to form a mesh-like structure, thereby improving the oil renewal speed inside the motor.

[0090] Furthermore, the oil holes can adopt an involute or spiral groove structure, so that the oil generates a centrifugal effect when the rotor 4 rotates, forming a self-cleaning oil film. In this way, the physical isolation function of the original iron filings baffle 7 is maintained, and the micro-circulation channel formed by the oil holes allows the oil to establish a pressure gradient between the motor area and the reducer cavity 1a, further improving the oil renewal speed between the stator 3 and the rotor 4.

[0091] With the help of the oil inlet and outlet holes, the oil renewal rate inside stator 3 will be accelerated, which will help improve the lubrication effect of stator and rotor and extend their service life. At the same time, the faster oil renewal can better carry away the heat generated during operation, which will help keep the temperature of stator 3 and rotor 4 within a suitable range under long-term operation, thus extending their service life.

[0092] Example 4:

[0093] Reference Figure 1 In addition to possessing all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, the embodiments of this utility model further possess the following technical solutions:

[0094] The reduction assembly 6 includes two sets of primary gears 61, both sets of primary gears 61 are fixedly connected to the first connecting section 2a and located on both axial sides of the stator 3. The reduction assembly 6 can be configured as a two-stage transmission, which also includes an intermediate shaft 62, intermediate gears 63 and secondary gears 64. The intermediate shaft 62 is rotatably connected to the reducer housing 1, and the portion located within the cavity 1a is the third connecting section 62a. There are two sets of intermediate gears 63, which are fixedly connected to the third connecting section 62a. There are two sets of secondary gears 64, which are fixedly connected to the second connecting section 5a. The intermediate gears 63 include input gears and output gears. The primary gears 61 mesh with the input gears, and the secondary gears 64 mesh with the output gears to improve the transmission ratio.

[0095] In this embodiment, two sets of primary gears 61 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the stator 3 axially, enabling the radial load borne by the first connecting section 2a of the drive shaft 2 to achieve self-balancing, effectively reducing transmission impact and improving the balance and stability of torque transmission. At the same time, the stator 3 is positioned between the two sets of primary gears 61, which also improves space utilization and further enhances the structural compactness of the permanent magnet electric reducer.

[0096] Furthermore, the transmission system adopts a multi-stage reduction structure, introducing an intermediate shaft 62 and its intermediate gear 63 as a bridge for power transmission, thereby improving the reliability and redundancy of the transmission.

[0097] In terms of lubrication, since the reduction gear components 6 are all located within the cavity 1a of the reducer housing 1, the oil can not only lubricate the gear meshing surfaces but also cool the motor area and transmission components. In particular, a spiral oil groove can be provided on the third connecting section 62a of the intermediate shaft 62 to guide the oil into the critical meshing area using centrifugal force, forming a stable oil film, reducing friction loss, and carrying away heat.

[0098] The primary gear 61 and secondary gear 64 can be made of 20CrMnTi alloy steel, with surface carburizing and quenching treatment, while maintaining core toughness, thus balancing wear resistance and impact resistance. The intermediate gear 63 can be made of 42CrMo quenched and tempered steel, with surface high-frequency quenching treatment to ensure high strength and fatigue life. The intermediate shaft 62 fits with the inner wall of the reducer housing 1 through a shoulder and a stop, ensuring precise axial positioning.

[0099] The tooth tips and roots of primary gear 61 and secondary gear 64 are micro-modified into a drum-shaped edge to reduce meshing impact and noise. The gear pair adopts a backlash of 0.05-0.1mm to accommodate differences in thermal expansion and ensure transmission accuracy.

[0100] The tooth profiles of the two sets of primary gears 61 are opposite, and the tooth profiles of the two sets of secondary gears 64 are also opposite, so that the axial forces generated by them can cancel each other out, thereby improving the operational stability of the permanent magnet electric reducer.

[0101] The two ends of the intermediate shaft 62 can be connected to the reducer housing 1 by deep groove ball bearings, and the circumferential position of the bearings is also defined by end covers and shaft shoulders.

[0102] Since the side of the bearing facing the cavity 1a is open, it is advantageous for lubricating oil to enter the bearing and lubricate it.

[0103] Example 5:

[0104] Reference Figures 2-5 In addition to possessing all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, the embodiments of this utility model further possess the following technical solutions:

[0105] The permanent magnet electric reducer also includes a connecting assembly 9, through which the stator 3 is fixedly connected to the reducer housing 1. The connecting assembly 9 includes tie rods 91 and pressure rings 92. Multiple tie rods 91 are circumferentially fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the stator 3. Two sets of pressure rings 92 are provided, respectively fixedly connected to both axial ends of the stator 3. The two ends of the tie rods 91 are respectively fixedly connected to the two sets of pressure rings 92. The bottom of the pressure rings 92 is fixedly connected to the reducer housing 1.

[0106] In this embodiment, a stable fixing structure between the stator 3 and the reducer housing 1 is achieved by setting a connecting assembly 9 consisting of tie rods 91 and pressure rings 92. This connecting assembly 9 uses a combination of multiple circumferentially distributed tie rods 91 and pressure rings 92 at both ends to construct a high-strength, high-rigidity pre-tightening connection structure. This effectively enhances the structural stability of the stator 3 during operation, prevents loosening caused by vibration or torque fluctuations, and thus improves the overall mechanical strength and operational reliability of the permanent magnet electric reducer.

[0107] Specifically, multiple tie rods 91 are evenly arranged along the outer circumference of the stator 3, with the number selected appropriately based on the size of the stator 3 and the load conditions. Each tie rod 91 is welded to two pressure rings 92 at both ends. The tie rod 91 itself is welded to the stator 3, and the pressure rings 92 are welded to the stator 3. The bottom of the two sets of pressure rings 92 can form a connecting plate, which can be detachably connected to the reducer housing 1 by bolts or screws, facilitating later maintenance or replacement of the stator 3.

[0108] The tie rod 91-pressure ring 92 structure can form a uniform clamping force around the stator 3, firmly pressing the stator 3 against the inner wall of the reducer housing 1. This not only improves vibration resistance but also effectively prevents stator 3 displacement caused by electromagnetic force during motor operation. Furthermore, due to the excellent tensile strength of the tie rod 91, the entire connecting assembly 9 has a high fatigue life and can maintain structural integrity under long-term alternating loads.

[0109] The tie rod 91 is made of high-strength alloy steel and its surface is treated with anti-corrosion measures, such as galvanizing or Dacromet coating, to adapt to complex operating environments. The pressure ring 92 is made of cast iron or aluminum alloy in one piece to ensure its fitting accuracy with the end face of the stator 3.

[0110] Specifically, several mounting slots are opened on the outer periphery of the stator 3, and two retaining slots are opened at both ends of the stator 3. The tie rod 91 is connected to the mounting slot in a corresponding manner, and the pressure ring 92 is connected to the retaining slot in a corresponding manner, so as to improve the ease of assembly.

[0111] Specifically, during the assembly of stator 3 and rotor 4, stainless steel air gap shims can be inserted into the air gap to prevent the stator and rotor 4 from being sucked together, and the rotor 4 can be locked in position using tooling. The bottom of the pressure ring 92 is fixedly connected to the reducer housing 1 by set screws. By adjusting the connection position and height between the bottom of the pressure ring and the reducer housing 1, the stator 3 and rotor 4 can meet the assembly requirements. Specifically, a base plate 93 can be fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure ring, and the set screws connecting the base plate 93 and the reducer housing 1 can be adjusted. After the overall adjustment is completed, the air gap shims are removed, and the integrated installation is complete.

[0112] In this embodiment, the connecting component 9 completely replaces the structure of the "motor housing" in the traditional technology, allowing most of the stator 3 to be exposed in the cavity 1a. This is beneficial for the heat dissipation of the stator 3, and helps to improve the working efficiency of the motor and extend its service life.

[0113] Using a cage-like structure instead of a complete motor housing can significantly reduce the overall weight, thereby reducing the curb weight of the permanent magnet electric reducer and facilitating its assembly and transportation.

[0114] The cage-like connecting component 9 uses less material than the motor housing, resulting in lower material costs and thus reducing the cost of the permanent magnet electric reducer.

[0115] The cage-like structure makes stator 3 more visually apparent, which is beneficial for the maintenance of stator 3 and also facilitates regular inspection of the stator 3's operating status, allowing for the timely detection of potential problems.

[0116] Example 6:

[0117] Reference Figure 1 In addition to possessing all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, the embodiments of this utility model further possess the following technical solutions:

[0118] The permanent magnet electric reducer also includes a brake disc 8, which is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft 2 that extends out of the reducer housing 1.

[0119] In this embodiment, the brake disc 8, in conjunction with external braking devices such as electromagnetic brakes or hydraulic brakes, enables rapid braking control of the permanent magnet electric reducer. This structural design not only improves the safety and responsiveness of the equipment but also provides hardware support for achieving high-precision position control.

[0120] Specifically, the brake disc 8 is fixedly connected to one end of the drive spindle 2 that extends out of the reducer housing 1. The brake disc 8 has an overall ring structure and is preferably made of high-strength cast iron or stainless steel. The surface is hardened to improve wear resistance. Its outer edge may be provided with heat dissipation grooves or ventilation holes to enhance the heat dissipation efficiency during braking and prevent material deformation or performance degradation caused by temperature rise.

[0121] The brake disc 8 and the external braking device together constitute an active braking system. When the control system issues a braking command, the braking device acts quickly, clamping the brake disc 8 with friction pads, causing the drive shaft 2 to stop rotating instantly, thereby cutting off the power output.

[0122] Since the drive spindle 2 no longer includes an external transmission structure in this embodiment, the setting position and size of the brake disc 8 are more flexible, thereby improving the overall layout flexibility of the permanent magnet electric reducer.

[0123] Example 7:

[0124] In addition to providing a walking beam pumping unit (not shown in the figure) in the embodiments of this utility model, the driving unit and the permanent magnet electric reducer in any of the above embodiments are included. The driving main shaft 2 is drivenly connected to the driving unit, that is, the output shaft 5 is fixedly connected to the driving unit. Therefore, this embodiment has all the beneficial effects of any of the above embodiments. The driving unit is the crank connecting rod assembly of the walking beam pumping unit. To avoid repetition, it will not be described in detail here.

[0125] It can be understood that, except for conflicting parts, the above embodiments 1-7 can be freely combined to form other embodiments of this utility model.

[0126] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0127] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part. They can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. They can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. They can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0128] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "beneath" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0129] The term "comprising" or any other similar term is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus / device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to those processes, articles, or apparatus / devices.

[0130] The technical solution of this utility model has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the protection scope of this utility model is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of this utility model, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet electric reducer, characterized in that: It includes a reducer housing (1), a drive shaft (2), a stator (3), a rotor (4), and a reduction assembly (6); A cavity (1a) is formed inside the reducer housing (1), and the reducer assembly (6) is disposed inside the cavity (1a); The drive spindle (2) has a first connecting section (2a) located in the cavity (1a), the rotor (4) is fixedly sleeved on the first connecting section (2a), the stator (3) is fixed in the cavity (1a) and located on the outer periphery of the rotor (4), when the stator (3) is energized, the rotor (4) can drive the drive spindle (2) to rotate; The stator (3) is an insulating stator, and the cavity (1a) is filled with oil. The oil can simultaneously contact the reduction assembly (6), the stator (3), and the rotor (4).

2. The permanent magnet electric reducer as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The stator (3) is a glue-sealed stator.

3. The permanent magnet electric reducer as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes two chip baffles (7), which are fixedly connected to the first connecting section (2a) and located on both sides of the rotor (4) respectively. The outer circumferential surface of the chip baffles (7) is clearance-fitted with the axial end of the stator (3).

4. The permanent magnet electric reducer as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The scrap baffle (7) is an oil-resistant rubber sheet or a bakelite board.

5. The permanent magnet electric reducer as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The gap between the outer peripheral surface of the chip baffle (7) and the axial end of the stator (3) is designed to block the passage of chips.

6. The permanent magnet electric reducer as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an output shaft (5) that is axially rotatably connected to the reducer housing (1) and whose axis is parallel to the axis of the drive main shaft (2). The output shaft (5) includes a second connecting section (5a) located in the cavity (1a). The first connecting segment (2a) and the second connecting segment (5a) are connected by the deceleration assembly (6).

7. The permanent magnet electric reducer as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The reduction assembly (6) includes two sets of primary gears (61), both sets of primary gears (61) are fixedly connected to the first connecting section (2a) and located on both sides of the stator (3) axially.

8. The permanent magnet electric reducer as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a connecting component (9), through which the stator (3) is fixedly connected to the reducer housing (1); The connecting assembly (9) includes a pull rod (91) and a pressure ring (92), wherein there are multiple pull rods (91) and they are circumferentially fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the stator (3); The pressure rings (92) are configured in two sets and are respectively fixedly connected to the two ends of the stator (3). The two ends of the tie rod (91) are respectively fixedly connected to the two sets of pressure rings (92); the bottom of the pressure rings (92) is fixedly connected to the reducer housing (1). The bottom of the pressure ring (92) is fixedly connected to the reducer housing (1) by a set screw, and the lateral and longitudinal positions of the pressure ring (92) are adjustable.

9. The permanent magnet electric reducer as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The permanent magnet electric reducer is used in a beam pumping unit.

10. A beam pumping unit, characterized in that: It includes a drive unit and a permanent magnet electric reducer as described in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the drive spindle (2) is drivenly connected to the drive unit.

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