A precision seeder for crop seeds

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of crop seed precision seeders, belong to agricultural planting tool technical field.Seeder includes hollow column, top feed hopper and bottom fixed cone;It is also provided with discharging mechanism, adjusting mechanism and seeding execution mechanism.Discharging mechanism is matched with the alignment of the fixed fixed hole plate hole on hole plate by rotatable inclined, realizes seed single grain separation and quantitative release.Adjusting mechanism is accurately set seeding depth by adjusting plate that can slide on fixed column and by U-shaped plate clamping into multiple positioning holes.Seeding execution mechanism is driven by force column and rotates with fixed cone cooperation rotating cone, completes seeding action and is reset by spring.The utility model solves the problem of different seeding depth and inaccurate seeding of prior art by the synergistic effect of the above structure, has the beneficial effects of accurate and controllable seeding depth, can realize single grain precision seeding, and efficient and labor-saving operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural planting tools, and in particular to a precision seed planter for crops. Background Technology

[0002] In agricultural production, sowing is a crucial step in crop cultivation. For small-scale planting or fields where large machinery is not readily available, handheld sowing tools are typically used to improve sowing efficiency compared to manually digging holes and planting.

[0003] While existing handheld seeders simplify some operations, their structures are often quite simple, resulting in significant shortcomings in achieving precise seeding. For example, in controlling seeding depth, most tools rely on the operator's experience and physical strength to determine the depth of penetration. This method easily leads to inconsistent seeding depths; seeds sown too deep have difficulty breaking through the soil, affecting germination rates; seeds sown too shallow are easily affected by the external environment, making it difficult to guarantee the necessary moisture and temperature for germination, thus causing uneven seedling emergence.

[0004] Meanwhile, existing tools also have shortcomings in terms of seed dispensing accuracy. Their dispensing mechanisms are usually rather crude, making it difficult to achieve single-seed separation and quantitative dispensing. In practice, multiple seeds often fall at once, or seeds are missed in empty holes. Sowing multiple seeds not only wastes seeds but also leads to unnecessary growth competition among seedlings, requiring additional manpower for thinning later, increasing labor costs and management difficulty.

[0005] In summary, existing handheld seeding tools generally lack the ability to coordinate and precisely control seeding depth and seed quantity, which results in low levels of standardization and precision in seeding operations, making it difficult to meet the requirements of modern agriculture for cost savings and improved crop uniformity.

[0006] Therefore, this utility model proposes a precision seed planter for crops to address the shortcomings of existing technologies. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of the problems of uneven seedling emergence caused by the difficulty in uniformly controlling the sowing depth of existing handheld crop seeders, as well as the waste of seeds and inconvenience of later management due to the coarse feeding mechanism that cannot achieve precise single-seed sowing, this utility model aims to provide a crop seed precision seeder with an improved structure that can effectively solve the above problems.

[0008] This utility model provides a precision seed planter for crops, comprising: a hollow column, a feeding hopper connected to the top of the hollow column and a fixed cone connected to the bottom of the hollow column; a feeding mechanism disposed inside the feeding hopper, an adjustment mechanism disposed on the outer wall of the hollow column, and a seeding execution mechanism cooperating with the fixed cone.

[0009] The feeding mechanism includes a fixed perforated plate fixedly installed inside the hollow column, and an inclined perforated plate rotatably connected inside the hollow column and located above the fixed perforated plate. A rotating column that passes through the feed hopper is connected to the side of the inclined perforated plate. Both the fixed perforated plate and the inclined perforated plate have circular holes. The adjusting mechanism includes a fixed column fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hollow column, and an adjusting plate that is slidably sleeved on the fixed column. The adjusting plate has multiple square holes. The adjusting mechanism also includes a U-shaped plate for selectively engaging the square holes to position the adjusting plate. The seeding execution mechanism includes a rotating cone rotatably connected to the bottom of the fixed cone via a rotating shaft. The seeding execution mechanism also includes a force-applying column and a spring a. A fixed block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the force-applying column, and the force-applying column passes through the fixed cone and is connected to the rotating cone in a transmission manner. The spring a is connected between the rotating cone and the fixed cone.

[0010] Furthermore, the feeding mechanism, adjustment mechanism, and seeding execution mechanism are combined with basic components such as hollow columns and fixed cones through fixing, sliding, rotation, and spring connections to achieve precise setting of seeding depth, quantitative separation and release of seeds, and automatic execution and reset of seeding actions.

[0011] Preferably, a groove assembly is provided on the inner wall of the hollow column, and a limiting groove is formed on the groove assembly along the axial direction of the hollow column. A sliding block is fixedly connected to the side of the inclined perforated plate, and the sliding block is slidably engaged in the limiting groove. This guide rail and slider cooperation structure provides stable guidance and support for the rotational movement of the inclined perforated plate, ensuring its stability during rotation and preventing jamming or poor material feeding caused by shaking.

[0012] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism further includes a vertical column and a spring b. The U-shaped plate is pivotally connected to the fixed column, and the vertical column is fixedly connected to the end of the U-shaped plate away from the pivot connection. The spring b is sleeved on the fixed column and abuts against the U-shaped plate and the hollow column. The structure, through the lever principle and the automatic reset function of the spring, makes the locking and unlocking operation of the adjustment plate very convenient and labor-saving, and improves the adjustment efficiency.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom end of the force-applying column has a toggle structure, and the rotating cone is provided with a drive structure that cooperates with the toggle structure. When the force-applying column is pulled upward, the meshing transmission of these two special structures can efficiently convert the linear motion of the force-applying column into the rotational motion of the rotating cone, thereby realizing the opening action of the seeding port with a small operating force.

[0014] Preferably, the top surface of the rotating cone and the bottom surface of the fixed cone are rotatably fitted together and are normally kept in a closed state under the restoring force of the spring a. This design not only ensures the sealing of the sowing port and prevents soil or debris from entering the hollow column, but also realizes automatic reset after the sowing action is completed, simplifying the operation process.

[0015] Preferably, the inclined perforated plate is a circular plate, and its surface is inclined with one of its diameters as the inclined axis, thereby forming a natural high and low area on the plate surface. This ingenious geometric design utilizes the component of gravity to actively guide the seeds to slide and fall into the circular holes located at the lower position, thereby improving the efficiency and success rate of single seed separation.

[0016] Preferably, the fixing block is located above the fixing cone, and the middle section of the force-applying column slides through the interior of the fixing cone. The user completes the sowing action by lifting the fixing block located on the top of the seeder. This ergonomic layout makes the operator's force application smoother and reduces fatigue during long-term operation.

[0017] Preferably, the adjusting plate is a plate-shaped structure with a central through hole. It is fitted onto the outer wall of the hollow column through the central through hole and slidably fitted onto the fixed column through the through holes on its side. The square holes on it are arranged in an array along the length of the fixed column. This structure allows the adjusting plate to be guided by both the hollow column and the fixed column when it moves up and down, resulting in smoother movement and more accurate positioning.

[0018] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. This utility model, by setting an adjustment mechanism including a fixed column, an adjustment plate that can slide along the fixed column, and a U-shaped plate and spring for locking the adjustment plate, solves the problem that the sowing depth of existing handheld seeders relies on manual experience and is difficult to keep consistent. It achieves the technical effect that the sowing depth can be accurately set, the operation is simple, and the depth is consistent throughout the field, which is conducive to improving the uniformity of crop emergence.

[0019] 2. This utility model solves the problem of multiple seeds being sown in the same hole or missing seeds in empty holes during traditional manual sowing by setting up a double-layer feeding mechanism consisting of a fixed perforated plate and a rotatable inclined perforated plate in the feeding hopper. This results in seed waste and cumbersome subsequent thinning operations. It achieves the technical effect of using the inclined surface to assist in the separation of single seeds and realizing quantitative and precise feeding through rotation of the holes, which significantly improves the sowing accuracy and saves seed costs.

[0020] 3. This utility model solves the problem of numerous steps and high labor intensity in traditional sowing operations by setting up a sowing execution mechanism consisting of a force-applying column, a rotating cone and a return spring. It achieves the technical effect of integrating the hole-opening and seed-distributing actions into a single lifting operation, and can automatically reset and close after sowing. This makes the overall operation process more coherent and efficient, and effectively reduces the labor intensity of users. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a precision seed planter for crops proposed in this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment plate of a precision crop seed planter proposed in this utility model; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the feed hopper of a precision crop seed planter proposed in this utility model; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of point C in the middle.

[0022] Legend: 1. Hollow column; 2. Fixed cone; 3. Rotating cone; 4. Force-applying column; 5. Spring a; 6. Fixed block; 7. Feeding mechanism; 71. Feed hopper; 72. Fixed perforated plate; 73. Inclined perforated plate; 74. Rotating column; 75. Sliding block; 76. Groove assembly; 761. Circular hole; 762. Restricting groove; 8. Adjusting mechanism; 81. Fixed column; 82. Spring b; 83. U-shaped plate; 84. Vertical column; 85. Adjusting plate; 86. Square hole. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Example 1, referring to Figures 1 to 6 This utility model provides a precision seed planter for crops, which aims to solve the problems of uneven seedling emergence and seed waste caused by inconsistent seeding depth control and low seed placement accuracy of existing handheld seeding tools.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the precision crop seed planter includes a hollow column 1, with a feed hopper 71 connected to the top of the hollow column 1 and a fixed cone 2 connected to the bottom of the hollow column 1. The hollow column 1 serves as the main frame of the planter and forms a channel for the seeds to fall. The precision crop seed planter also includes a feeding mechanism 7 located inside the feed hopper 71, an adjustment mechanism 8 located on the outer wall of the hollow column 1, and a seeding execution mechanism that cooperates with the fixed cone 2. Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 The feeding mechanism 7 is located inside the feeding hopper 71. It includes a fixed perforated plate 72 fixedly installed inside the hollow column 1, and an inclined perforated plate 73 rotatably connected inside the hollow column 1 and located above the fixed perforated plate 72. The surface of the inclined perforated plate 73 is inclined, and a rotating column 74 that passes through the feeding hopper 71 is connected to its side. Both the fixed perforated plate 72 and the inclined perforated plate 73 are provided with circular holes 761. Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4The adjustment mechanism 8 includes a fixed column 81 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hollow column 1, and an adjustment plate 85 slidably sleeved on the fixed column 81. The adjustment plate 85 has a plurality of square holes 86. The adjustment mechanism 8 also includes a U-shaped plate 83 for selectively engaging any square hole 86 to position the adjustment plate 85. Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The sowing execution mechanism includes a rotating cone 3 rotatably connected to the bottom of the fixed cone 2 via a rotating shaft. The sowing execution mechanism also includes a force-applying column 4 and a spring a5. A fixing block 6 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the force-applying column 4, and the force-applying column 4 passes through the fixed cone 2 and is connected to the rotating cone 3 in a transmission manner. The spring a5 is connected between the rotating cone 3 and the fixed cone 2.

[0025] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 A fixed perforated plate 72 is fixed inside the hollow column 1, and the circular holes 761 on it serve as the final channel for the seeds to fall. An inclined perforated plate 73 is located above the fixed perforated plate 72, and its surface is inclined with one diameter on the plate as the inclined axis, thereby forming high and low areas on its surface. This design helps to make the seeds slide more easily into the circular holes 761 in the lower area by gravity when the feed hopper 71 is shaken. The surface of the inclined perforated plate 73 includes a porous area with multiple circular holes 761, as well as areas for temporary storage. The area without holes for excess seeds; one end of the rotating column 74 is fixedly connected to the side of the inclined perforated plate 73, and the other end protrudes through the wall of the feed hopper 71 for the user to hold and rotate; when a groove assembly 76 is provided on the inner wall of the hollow column 1, and a limiting groove 762 is provided on the groove assembly 76, a sliding block 75 is also fixedly connected to the side of the inclined perforated plate 73, and the sliding block 75 is slidably engaged in the limiting groove 762. This structure provides stable guidance and support for the inclined perforated plate 73 when it rotates around the central axis of the hollow column 1, preventing it from shaking or becoming eccentric; Key references Figure 3 and Figure 4The fixed column 81 is fixedly welded to the outer wall of the hollow column 1 along the axial direction of the hollow column 1; the adjusting plate 85 is a plate-shaped structure with a central through hole, which is sleeved on the outer wall of the hollow column 1 through the central through hole and slidably sleeved on the fixed column 81 through the through holes on its side, which ensures that the adjusting plate 85 can only slide up and down along the length direction of the fixed column 81; multiple square holes 86 are arranged in an array on the adjusting plate 85 along the length direction of the fixed column 81, each square hole 86 representing a preset sowing depth; the U-shaped plate 83 is pivotally connected to the fixed column 81. The column 81 is designed to fit into any square hole 86. The adjustment mechanism 8 also includes a vertical column 84 and a spring b82. The vertical column 84 is fixedly connected to the end of the U-shaped plate 83 away from the pivot connection. The spring b82 is sleeved on the fixed column 81 and abuts against the U-shaped plate 83 and the hollow column 1. The elastic force continuously applied by the spring b82 makes the U-shaped plate 83 always tend to fit into the nearest square hole 86 under normal conditions, thereby firmly locking the adjustment plate 85 at a specific height, realizing the precise setting and reliable locking of the sowing depth.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment, in order to achieve precise execution of the seeding action, please refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The structure of the seeding execution mechanism can be further specified. The bottom end of the force-applying column 4 is formed with a toggle structure, and the rotating cone 3 is correspondingly provided with a drive structure that cooperates with the toggle structure. When the force-applying column 4 is pulled upward, the toggle structure will drive the drive structure, thereby causing the rotating cone 3 to rotate and open relative to the fixed cone 2, so as to realize seeding. As another preferred embodiment, in order to ensure reliable sealing after sowing, the top surface of the rotating cone 3 and the bottom surface of the fixed cone 2 are rotatably attached. After the sowing action is completed, the reaction force of the spring a5 will drive the rotating cone 3 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that it automatically returns to the closed position, thereby reliably sealing the bottom opening of the hollow column 1 and preparing for the next sowing. As another preferred embodiment, in order to improve the feel of the sowing operation and the efficiency of force transmission, the fixing block 6 is located above the fixing cone 2, and the middle section of the force-applying column 4 slides through the inside of the fixing cone 2. The user can directly transmit the operating force to the force-applying column 4 by pulling the fixing block 6 upward, thereby driving the rotating cone 3 to rotate. This layout makes the operation more direct and less strenuous. As another preferred embodiment, in order to enhance the structural stability and installation convenience of the adjustment mechanism 8, the adjustment plate 85 is designed as a plate-shaped structure with a central through hole. It is sleeved on the outer wall of the hollow column 1 through the central through hole and slidably sleeved on the fixed column 81 through the through holes on its side. The square holes 86 on it are arranged in an array along the length direction of the fixed column 81. This design makes the adjustment plate 85 more stable when sliding and less prone to tilting or jamming.

[0027] The working principle is as follows: First, the sowing depth is set. During operation, pull the vertical column 84 of the adjustment mechanism 8 outward. The vertical column 84 drives the U-shaped plate 83 to pivot outward against the elastic force of the spring b82, causing the U-shaped plate 83 to disengage from its square hole 86. At this time, the locking of the adjustment plate 85 is released. The operator can slide the adjustment plate 85 up and down along the fixed column 81 to the predetermined height position and then release the vertical column 84. Under the elastic force of the spring b82, the U-shaped plate 83 automatically returns to its original position and locks into the new square hole 86, thereby locking the adjustment plate 85 and completing the setting of the sowing depth.

[0028] Then, the sowing operation is carried out. After the seeds are loaded into the feed hopper 71, the inclined perforated plate 73 is rotated by rotating the rotating column 74. In the initial position, the circular holes 761 on the inclined perforated plate 73 are misaligned with the circular holes 761 on the fixed perforated plate 72. The seeds are supported on the inclined perforated plate 73 and slide into the circular holes 761 due to the inclined surface. When the inclined perforated plate 73 is rotated to a specific angle, the circular holes 761 on it are aligned with the circular holes 761 on the fixed perforated plate 72 below, forming a through channel, so that a single seed falls into the bottom of the hollow column 1 under the action of gravity to be sown.

[0029] Insert the fixed cone 2 and rotating cone 3 of the seeder into the soil until the adjusting plate 85 contacts the ground, reaching the preset depth; then pull the fixed block 6 upward, the fixed block 6 drives the force column 4 to move upward, the force column 4 drives the rotating cone 3 to rotate relative to the fixed cone 2 and open, and the seeds to be sown in the hollow column 1 fall into the soil hole; during this process, the spring a5 is stretched, and when the sowing is completed and the fixed block 6 is released, the restoring elasticity of the spring a5 drives the rotating cone 3 to rotate in the opposite direction and automatically reset, closing the sowing port, thus completing a complete precision sowing cycle.

Claims

1. A precision seed planter for crops, comprising: A hollow column (1) is connected to a feeding hopper (71) at its top end and a fixed cone (2) at its bottom end; characterized in that the precision crop seed planter further includes a feeding mechanism (7), an adjustment mechanism (8) and a seeding execution mechanism that cooperates with the fixed cone (2); The feeding mechanism (7) is located inside the feeding hopper (71). It includes a fixed perforated plate (72) fixedly installed inside the hollow column (1) and an inclined perforated plate (73) rotatably connected inside the hollow column (1) and located above the fixed perforated plate (72). The side of the inclined perforated plate (73) is connected to a rotating column (74) that passes through the feeding hopper (71). Both the fixed perforated plate (72) and the inclined perforated plate (73) are provided with circular holes (761). The adjustment mechanism (8) includes a fixed column (81) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the hollow column (1), and an adjustment plate (85) slidably sleeved on the fixed column (81). The adjustment plate (85) has a plurality of square holes (86). The adjustment mechanism (8) also includes a U-shaped plate (83) for selectively engaging the square holes (86) to position the adjustment plate (85). The sowing execution mechanism includes a rotating cone (3) rotatably connected to the bottom of the fixed cone (2) via a rotating shaft. The sowing execution mechanism also includes a force-applying column (4) and a spring a (5). A fixed block (6) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the force-applying column (4), and the force-applying column (4) passes through the fixed cone (2) and is connected to the rotating cone (3) in a transmission manner. The spring a (5) is connected between the rotating cone (3) and the fixed cone (2).

2. The precision seed planter for crops according to claim 1, characterized in that, A groove assembly (76) is provided on the inner wall of the hollow column (1), and a limiting groove (762) is provided on the groove assembly (76) along the axial direction of the hollow column (1); a sliding block (75) is fixedly connected to the side of the inclined perforated plate (73), and the sliding block (75) is slidably engaged in the limiting groove (762) to provide guidance and support when the inclined perforated plate (73) rotates.

3. The precision seed planter for crops according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism (8) further includes a vertical column (84) and a spring b (82). The U-shaped plate (83) is pivotally connected to the fixed column (81). The vertical column (84) is fixedly connected to one end of the U-shaped plate (83) away from the pivot connection. The spring b (82) is sleeved on the fixed column (81) and abuts against the U-shaped plate (83) and the hollow column (1) to provide elastic force for the U-shaped plate (83) to be inserted into the square hole (86).

4. The precision seed planter for crops according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the force-applying column (4) is provided with a toggle structure, and the rotating cone (3) is provided with a drive structure that cooperates with the toggle structure; when the force-applying column (4) is pulled upward, the toggle structure drives the drive structure, thereby causing the rotating cone (3) to rotate and open relative to the fixed cone (2).

5. The precision seed planter for crops according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the rotating cone (3) is rotatably attached to the bottom surface of the fixed cone (2). The rotating cone (3) rotates to the closed position under the restoring force of the spring a (5) to close the bottom opening of the hollow column (1).

6. The precision seed planter for crops according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inclined perforated plate (73) is a circular plate with its surface inclined along one of its diameters as the inclined axis, thereby forming a high and low area on the surface of the inclined perforated plate (73) to help the seeds slide into the circular hole (761).

7. The precision seed planter for crops according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing block (6) is located above the fixing cone (2), and the middle section of the force-applying column (4) slides through the interior of the fixing cone (2); by lifting the fixing block (6) upward, the force-applying column (4) is moved upward, thereby driving the rotating cone (3) to rotate.

8. The precision seed planter for crops according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting plate (85) is a plate-shaped structure with a central through hole. It is sleeved on the outer wall of the hollow column (1) through the central through hole and slidably sleeved on the fixed column (81) through the through hole on its side. The square holes (86) are arranged in an array along the length direction of the fixed column (81).

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