A separation tank and a separation system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of separation tank especially, and it is a kind of separation tank and separation system.The separation tank includes separation tank cylinder, at least one separation equipment is connected in the side wall of separation tank cylinder close to the upper head, the material enters the separation equipment from the equipment import, and from the equipment export, it is sent to the separation tank and carries out phase separation, and the separation equipment makes the material motion along the tangential direction of separation tank cylinder;Gas in the material is discharged from the upper outlet of the separation tank, and solid and / or liquid in the material are discharged from the lower outlet of the separation tank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of separation tanks, and in particular to a separation tank and separation system. Background Technology

[0002] In the chemical industry, it is often necessary to separate liquid droplets, solid particles, and liquid droplets containing solids from gaseous fluids. Gravity separators or filtration separators are commonly used. However, these two types of equipment generally have large diameters or are prone to clogging. To solve this problem, cyclone separators can be used. However, traditional cyclone separators typically use a volute to generate the vortex, and their shells are not cylindrical. Some cyclone separators do use cylindrical shells.

[0003] However, the equipment inlet is generally tangentially connected to the cylinder: For example, CN201842651U discloses a trichlorosilane synthesis gas cyclone separator. The technical solution is that the air inlet pipe is connected to the cylinder along the tangential direction, so that the gas can spiral down, reduce eddies, and also reduce airflow resistance. Alternatively, CN103056045A discloses a primary cyclone separator, a gas purification system, a gas purification method, and their applications for coal gas purification. This primary cyclone separator includes: a primary cyclone crude gas inlet, located on the upper sidewall of the primary cyclone separator; a primary cyclone atomized ash water inlet, located on the upper sidewall of the primary cyclone separator and above the first crude gas inlet; a primary cyclone washing water inlet, located on the upper sidewall of the primary cyclone separator and symmetrically positioned on a circular plane at the same horizontal level as the primary cyclone atomized ash water inlet; a primary cyclone gas outlet, located on the top wall of the primary cyclone separator; and a primary cyclone black water outlet, located on the bottom wall of the primary cyclone separator. In this technical solution, all material inlets are tangentially connected to the cylinder.

[0004] However, the aforementioned tangential connection to the cylinder presents challenges in manufacturing due to the large shell thickness and irregular weld seams, especially under high pressure.

[0005] Therefore, CN205965382U discloses a gas filter, which includes a cylindrical filter body with an exhaust port on the upper side wall of the filter body; a horizontally arranged filter screen is fixed on the inner wall of the filter body below the exhaust port; a filter mechanism is provided inside the filter body between the filter screen and the exhaust port; a frustum-shaped cyclone separator is provided at the bottom of the filter body; an air inlet is provided on the side wall of the cyclone separator; and a baffle plate is provided on the inner wall of the cyclone separator opposite to the air inlet. In this technical solution, the air inlet is located below the filter, and a baffle plate at a specific angle is needed to achieve the gas filtration effect. However, this device is not suitable for the separation of gas-liquid or gas-liquid-solid fluids.

[0006] Similarly, CN206970550U discloses a high-efficiency rotary dust removal device, which is a multi-stage dust settling separator with a rotary separation inlet at the gas inlet. The rotary separation inlet is a gas pipeline that is blocked in the horizontal direction and has a vertically downward opening in the tangential direction. However, it can only achieve gas-solid separation. Moreover, since the inlet is tangential, when the pressure is high, there are also problems such as large shell thickness and irregular welds causing manufacturing difficulties.

[0007] Based on the above, existing technologies have several problems that urgently need to be solved, such as the inability of separation equipment to simultaneously separate gas-solid and gas-liquid or gas-liquid-solid components, the fact that the feed inlets are mostly tangential, and the difficulty in manufacturing and high maintenance costs due to the irregular weld seams when the pressure is high. Utility Model Content

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a separation tank, which includes a separation tank body and an upper end cap and a lower end cap located at the upper and lower ends of the separation tank body and connected to the separation tank body; the upper end cap is provided with an upper outlet and the lower end cap is provided with a lower outlet; At least one separation device is radially connected to the side wall of the separation tank body near the upper end cap, and the axis of the separation device is perpendicular to the axis of the separation tank body; The separation equipment includes an equipment inlet and an equipment outlet; The equipment inlet is located at the connection between the separation equipment and the separation tank body; The equipment outlet is located inside the separation tank body and on the side wall of the separation equipment, and the axis of the equipment outlet is parallel to the cross-section of the separation tank body in any horizontal direction; The material enters the separation equipment from the inlet and is sent to the separation tank from the outlet for phase separation. The separation equipment causes the material to move tangentially along the tank body. Gas in the material is discharged from the separation tank from the upper outlet, and solids and / or liquids in the material are discharged from the separation tank from the lower outlet.

[0009] Furthermore, the separation device is cylindrical in shape.

[0010] Furthermore, the separation device has a blocking plate inside the separation tank body on the side away from the side wall of the separation tank body.

[0011] Furthermore, the blocking plate is one of the following: flat plate, arc-shaped, or spherical crown-shaped.

[0012] Furthermore, when the blocking plate is flat, the blocking plate is perpendicular to the tangential direction of the separation tank body.

[0013] Furthermore, when the blocking plate is arc-shaped, the curvature of the blocking plate is consistent with the curvature of the separation tank body.

[0014] Furthermore, when the blocking plate is spherical, the apex of the spherical shape is located inside the separation device.

[0015] Furthermore, the material is a gas-solid material, a gas-liquid material, or a gas-liquid-solid material containing gas.

[0016] Furthermore, the upper outlet extends into the interior of the separation tank and is connected to an inner extension pipe.

[0017] Furthermore, the upper outlet and the inner extension tube are connected separately or as a single unit, and the axes of the upper outlet and the inner extension tube coincide with the axis of the separation tank body.

[0018] Furthermore, the bottom of the lower end cap is provided with a lower outlet, and the axis of the lower outlet coincides with the axis of the separation tank body.

[0019] Furthermore, the upper end cap and the lower end cap are independently one of a conical end cap, an elliptical end cap, and a spherical end cap.

[0020] Furthermore, a conical inner cylinder is provided inside the separation tank body near the lower end cap.

[0021] Furthermore, the conical inner cylinder of the separation tank is either connected in a separate or integrated manner.

[0022] Furthermore, a downcomer is connected to one end of the conical inner cylinder near the lower outlet.

[0023] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the separation device is D1, and the distance between the axis of the separation device and the horizontal plane at the connection between the separation tank body and the upper end cap is A, wherein A is 0.5-1.5 times D1; When A is less than 0.5 times D1, the separation rate of the gas in the material by the separator decreases, resulting in poor separation effect; when A is greater than 1.5 times D1, the pressure drop of the separator increases, which in turn leads to a significant increase in energy consumption.

[0024] Furthermore, the upper outlet is cylindrical, the inner diameter of the upper outlet is D2, and the length of the inner extension tube is B, wherein B is 2.0-5.0 times D2; When B is less than 2.0 times D2, it will cause erosion of the inner wall of the separator and reduce its service life; when B is greater than 5.0 times D2, it will cause the separation rate of the separator to drop rapidly.

[0025] Furthermore, the inner cone angle of the conical inner cylinder is C, where C is 25-45°; When C is less than 25°, in order to achieve the same separation rate, the longitudinal length of the separation tank needs to be increased, resulting in a larger space occupation; when C is greater than 45°, it will cause the material to clog.

[0026] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the separation tank body is D3, and the distance between the upper edge of the conical inner cylinder and the horizontal plane at the connection between the separation tank body and the upper end cap is L, where L is 2.5-3.0 times D3; When L is less than 2.5 times D3, the separation rate of the separator will drop rapidly; when L is greater than 3.0 times D3, the longitudinal length of the separator cylinder will be too long, resulting in a larger space occupation.

[0027] Furthermore, the separation tank achieves a gas separation rate of ≥91% for the material.

[0028] The present invention also provides a separation system, the separation system comprising the separation tank described above.

[0029] Furthermore, the lower end of the separation tank is also provided with a water tank containing a filter screen to separate the liquid and solid in the material.

[0030] Furthermore, the upper outlet of the separation tank is also connected to a dust collector to achieve fine dust removal of the gas separated from the material, ensuring that the gas does not contain dust and purifying the gas again.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. This utility model provides a separation tank, which includes a tank body. At least one separation device is radially connected to the side wall of the tank body near the upper end cap. The axis of the separation device is perpendicular to the axis of the tank body. The material enters the separation device through the device inlet and is sent to the separation tank through the device outlet for phase separation. The separation device causes the material to move tangentially along the tank body. Gas in the material is discharged from the separation tank through the upper outlet, and solids and / or liquids in the material are discharged from the separation tank through the lower outlet. By designing the separation equipment as a cylinder with its axis perpendicular to the axis of the separation tank, and guiding the material movement along the tangential direction of the separation tank outlet, while limiting the distance A between the axis of the separation equipment and the horizontal plane at the connection between the separation tank body and the upper end cap to 0.5-1.5 times the inner diameter D1 of the separation equipment, a stable vortex is formed in the separation tank, and the gas is fully separated by centrifugal force, resulting in a gas separation rate of ≥91%, which significantly improves the gas-solid-liquid three-phase separation efficiency. 2. The above-mentioned A value is limited to 0.5-1.5 times D1, which avoids the problem of decreased separation rate when A < 0.5D1, and also prevents the increase in energy consumption caused by increased equipment pressure drop when A > 1.5D1, thus achieving a balance between high-efficiency separation and low-energy operation. 3. By designing the length B of the upper outlet inner tube to be 2.0-5.0 times the inner diameter D2 of the upper outlet, the direct impact and erosion of high-speed materials on the inner wall of the separator are effectively buffered, solving the problem of severe inner wall erosion when B < 2.0D1, and significantly extending the service life of the separator. 4. This utility model sets a conical inner cylinder with an inner cone angle C of 25-45°, and limits the distance L between the inner cone angle C and the upper end cap to 2.5-3.0 times the inner diameter D3 of the separator cylinder. This avoids the problem of excessively long longitudinal dimensions of the equipment when C < 25°, and also prevents the risk of solid particle accumulation, angle of repose and blockage when C > 45° or L < 2.5D3. This ensures long-term stable operation of the equipment and extends the operating cycle. 5. This utility model optimizes the structure and key dimensional parameters of the separation equipment, inner tube, and conical inner cylinder in a coordinated manner. While ensuring high separation efficiency, it avoids excessively large overall longitudinal dimensions of the equipment, making the separation tank structure compact, reducing the floor space, improving space utilization, and adapting to diverse installation needs in industrial sites. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the separation tank in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inlet structure of a conventional separation device in Comparative Example 1 of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the separation tank structure in Comparative Example 2 of this utility model, which does not contain a conical inner cylinder; The names of the labels in the diagram are: 1. Separator body; 2. Upper head; 3. Lower head; 4. Equipment inlet; 5. Inner tube; 6. Conical inner cylinder; 7. Downcomer; 8. Upper outlet; 9. Lower outlet; 10. Separator; 11. Equipment outlet; 12. Separator inlet structure. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a separation tank, which includes a separation tank body 1, and an upper end cap 2 and a lower end cap 3 located at the upper and lower ends of the separation tank body 1 and connected to the separation tank body 1; the upper end cap 2 is provided with an upper outlet 8, and the lower end cap 3 is provided with a lower outlet 9; A separation device 10 is radially connected to the side wall of the separation tank body 1 near the upper end cap 2. In some embodiments, the number of separation devices 10 is at least one, or in some embodiments, the multiple separation devices 10 are evenly distributed around the same horizontal line of the separation tank body 1; or in some embodiments, when the multiple separation devices 10 exceed three, the separation devices 10 are arranged in layers. The number and layout design of the separation equipment 10 is a balance between "processing capacity - separation efficiency - operating cost": a single equipment is suitable for low flow and low cost scenarios; uniform distribution in the same layer is suitable for high efficiency separation under medium and high processing capacity; and layered layout is for ultra-large processing capacity or complex materials, and achieves precise separation through a three-dimensional swirling field, ultimately ensuring that a high gas separation rate can be maintained under different operating conditions.

[0034] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the separation device 10 is cylindrical in shape, and the axis of the separation device 10 is perpendicular to the axis of the separation tank body 1; The separation device 10 includes a device inlet 4 and a device outlet 11; The equipment inlet 4 is located at the connection between the separation equipment 10 and the separation tank body 1; The equipment outlet 11 is located inside the separation tank body 1, and it is located on the side wall of the separation equipment 10; like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the recessed outlet 11 of the device and the side wall of the separation device 10 can stabilize the material ejection direction and reduce flow field disturbance. In some embodiments, the device outlet 11 protrudes outward from the side wall of the separation device 10, which can enhance the initial kinetic energy of the swirling flow and expand the flow field coverage. The specific structure of the equipment outlet 11 can be selected according to the actual situation, with a concave structure being preferred.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the equipment inlet 4 protrudes outward from the side wall of the separation tank body 1.

[0036] The axis of the equipment outlet 11 is parallel to the cross-section of the separation tank body 1 in any horizontal direction; The material enters the separation device 10 from the device inlet 4 and is sent to the separation tank from the device outlet 11 for phase separation. The separation device 10 causes the material to move tangentially along the separation tank cylinder 1. The gas in the material is discharged from the separation tank from the upper outlet 8, and the solid and / or liquid in the material is discharged from the separation tank from the lower outlet 9. This ensures that the material is ejected tangentially and forms a stable vortex under the constraint of the cylindrical separation tank 1. It utilizes density differences to achieve efficient stratification of gas (gathering and rising towards the center) and liquid-solid (throwing and falling towards the wall), laying the core foundation for high gas separation rate and avoiding the problem of incomplete separation caused by non-tangential feeding.

[0037] The separation device 10 is provided with a blocking plate inside the separation tank body 1, on the side away from the side wall of the separation tank body 1.

[0038] In this embodiment, the blocking plate is flat and perpendicular to the tangential direction of the separation tank body 1; Among them, the flat plate has a "rigid blocking" characteristic, which allows the material to form local pressure accumulation inside the separation device 10: after the material enters the device, it cannot diffuse due to the obstruction of the plate, and will maintain a stable flow rate and pressure inside the device until it is ejected from the device outlet 11 and releases stronger kinetic energy.

[0039] In some embodiments, the blocking plate includes, but is not limited to, an arc-shaped or a crown-shaped type.

[0040] In some embodiments, when the blocking plate is arc-shaped, the curvature of the blocking plate matches the curvature of the separation tank body 1. Alternatively, in some embodiments, when the blocking plate is spherical, the apex of the spherical shape is located inside the separation device 10. The different shapes of the baffle plate are adaptive optimization designs for different material characteristics and working conditions. The core is to further enhance separation efficiency and operational stability by improving flow field adaptability.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the upper outlet 8 extends into the interior of the separation tank and is connected to an inner extension pipe 5.

[0042] In this embodiment, the upper outlet 8 and the inner extension pipe 5 are integrally connected, and the axes of the upper outlet 8 and the inner extension pipe 5 coincide with the axis of the separation tank body 1; In some embodiments, the upper outlet 8 and the inner extension pipe 5 are connected separately, and the axes of the upper outlet 8 and the inner extension pipe 5 coincide with the axis of the separation tank body 1. This means that it is precisely aligned with the central region of the swirling flow field—the core area where gas (with the lowest density) accumulates. This ensures that the inlet of the inner tube is precisely connected to the gas accumulation area, minimizing the entrainment of liquid and solid particles. Furthermore, the design of the coincident axis minimizes the obstruction of the swirling flow by the inner tube, maintaining the dynamic balance of centrifugal separation and ensuring the stability of separation efficiency under different flow conditions.

[0043] Meanwhile, the bottom of the lower end cap is provided with a lower outlet 9, and the axis of the lower outlet 9 coincides with the axis of the separation tank body 1; This means that it is precisely aligned with the endpoint of the liquid-solid mixture, allowing the accumulated liquid-solid mixture to be discharged directly, avoiding the "discharge dead zone" caused by the outlet being off-center. If the outlet is off-axis, liquid-solid materials are likely to remain at the bottom edge of the lower end cap, which can cause blockages in the long term, or the residual materials may evaporate or carry away gas, reducing the separation purity. This precise discharge design can significantly improve the liquid-solid discharge rate and reduce residues in the tank.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the upper end cap 2 is an elliptical end cap. In some embodiments, the upper end cap 2 is either a conical end cap or a spherical end cap.

[0045] In this embodiment, the lower end cap 3 is a conical end cap. In some embodiments, the lower end cap 3 is either an elliptical end cap or a spherical end cap.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a conical inner cylinder 6 is also provided inside the separation tank body 1 near the lower end cap 3. The conical inner cylinder 6 is integrally connected to the separation tank body 1. In some embodiments, the conical inner cylinder 6 is separately connected to the separation tank body 1; such as... Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the end of the conical inner cylinder 6 near the lower outlet 9 is connected to a downcomer 7.

[0047] The liquid-solid mixture, spiraling down the inner wall of the separator 1, enters the conical inner cylinder 6. Due to the "flow channel contraction effect" of the conical structure (the cross-sectional area gradually decreases from the top to the bottom of the cone), the flow velocity of the liquid-solid mixture increases significantly, and the swirling intensity is further enhanced. The stronger centrifugal force can "throw" the remaining tiny bubbles (incompletely separated gases) in the liquid-solid mixture back towards the inner wall of the conical inner cylinder 6. Subsequently, the bubbles rise along the inner wall, re-enter the upper gas area, and are discharged through the inner extension pipe 5. Meanwhile, the denser liquid and solid particles continue to flow downwards along the conical inner wall and are eventually discharged through the downcomer 7. This secondary swirling design reduces the residual gas rate in the liquid and solid mixture, further improving the gas separation rate.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the inner diameter of the separation device 10 is D1, and the distance between the axis of the separation device 10 and the horizontal plane at the connection point of the separation tank body 1 and the upper end cap 2 is A, where A is 1.1 times D1. In some embodiments, A is any value between 0.5 and 1.5 times D1; By limiting the value to 0.5-1.5 times D1, the problem of decreased separation rate when A < 0.5D1 is avoided, and the energy consumption caused by increased equipment pressure drop when A > 1.5D1 is prevented, thus achieving a balance between efficient separation and low-energy operation.

[0049] In this embodiment, the upper outlet 8 is cylindrical, the inner diameter of the upper outlet 8 is D2, and the length of the inner tube 5 is B, where B is 2.0 times D2. In some embodiments, B is any value between 2.0 and 5.0 times D2. It effectively buffers the direct impact and erosion of high-speed materials on the inner wall of the separator, solves the problem of severe inner wall erosion when B < 2.0D1, and significantly extends the service life of the separator.

[0050] In this embodiment, the inner cone angle of the conical inner cylinder 6 is C, where C is 40°. In some embodiments, C is any value between 25° and 45°.

[0051] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the separation tank body 1 is D3, and the distance between the upper edge of the conical inner cylinder 6 and the horizontal plane at the connection between the separation tank body 1 and the upper end cap 2 is L, where L is 2.5 times D3. In some embodiments, L is any value between 2.5 and 3.0 times D3. This design avoids the problem of excessively long longitudinal dimensions of the equipment when C < 25°, and also prevents the risks of solid particle accumulation, angle of repose, and blockage when C > 45° or L < 2.5D3, thus ensuring long-term stable operation of the equipment and extending its operating cycle.

[0052] In this embodiment, the material is a coal gas reaction gas containing liquid water and solid particles. The design pressure of the separator is 4.6 MPag, and the design temperature is 260°C. The material enters the separator from the equipment inlet 4 through the separator 10, and then enters the separator through the equipment outlet 11 for phase separation. Due to the structural constraints of the separator 10, the material, after being ejected from the equipment outlet 11, is further forced to undergo angular displacement due to the dimensional constraints of the separator. Since the separator cylinder 1 is cylindrical, the gas in the material is subjected to centrifugal force, and the liquid and solid components in the material also experience different centrifugal forces due to their different densities.

[0053] Therefore, the relatively light gas rises within the separator to the inner extension pipe 5, where it undergoes at least two swirling cycles due to specific size limitations, and finally exits from the upper outlet 8 of the separator. Meanwhile, the heavier liquids and solids, due to the combined effects of centrifugal force and gravity, swirl along the inner wall of the separator for 1-3 cycles before flowing into the conical inner cylinder 6, where further swirling separation occurs. Simultaneously, any residual gas contained therein rises again, merging with the gas in the material and exiting the separator through the inner extension pipe 5. At this point, the denser liquids and solids flow into the bottom of the separator through the downcomer pipe 7 connected to the conical inner cylinder 6, and finally exit from the separator through the lower outlet 9. By coordinating and optimizing the structure and key dimensional parameters of the separation equipment, inner tube, and conical inner cylinder, high separation efficiency is ensured while avoiding excessively large overall longitudinal dimensions of the equipment. This results in a compact separation tank structure, reduced floor space, improved space utilization, and adaptability to diverse installation needs in industrial settings.

[0054] This embodiment also provides a separation system in which a water tank is provided at the bottom of the separation tank, and the water tank contains a filter screen, which can further separate the liquid and solid.

[0055] The separation tank, with its specific structure and dimensions, ultimately achieves the separation of gas from the material, with a separation rate of 91%.

[0056] Example 2 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a separation tank, which includes a separation tank body 1, and an upper end cap 2 and a lower end cap 3 located at the upper and lower ends of the separation tank body 1 and connected to the separation tank body 1; the upper end cap 2 is provided with an upper outlet 8, and the lower end cap 3 is provided with a lower outlet 9; A separation device 10 is radially connected to the side wall of the separation tank body 1 near the upper end cap 2. In some embodiments, the number of separation devices 10 is at least one, or in some embodiments, the multiple separation devices 10 are evenly distributed around the same horizontal line of the separation tank body 1; or in some embodiments, when the multiple separation devices 10 exceed three, the separation devices 10 are arranged in layers. The number and layout design of the separation equipment 10 is a balance between "processing capacity - separation efficiency - operating cost": a single equipment is suitable for low flow and low cost scenarios; uniform distribution in the same layer is suitable for high efficiency separation under medium and high processing capacity; and layered layout is for ultra-large processing capacity or complex materials, and achieves precise separation through a three-dimensional swirling field, ultimately ensuring that a high gas separation rate can be maintained under different operating conditions.

[0057] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the separation device 10 is cylindrical in shape, and the axis of the separation device 10 is perpendicular to the axis of the separation tank body 1; The separation device 10 includes a device inlet 4 and a device outlet 11; The equipment inlet 4 is located at the connection between the separation equipment 10 and the separation tank body 1; The equipment outlet 11 is located inside the separation tank body 1, and it is located on the side wall of the separation equipment 10; like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the recessed outlet 11 of the device and the side wall of the separation device 10 can stabilize the material ejection direction and reduce flow field disturbance. In some embodiments, the device outlet 11 protrudes outward from the side wall of the separation device 10, which can enhance the initial kinetic energy of the swirling flow and expand the flow field coverage. The specific structure of the equipment outlet 11 can be selected according to the actual situation, with a concave structure being preferred.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the equipment inlet 4 protrudes outward from the side wall of the separation tank body 1.

[0059] The axis of the equipment outlet 11 is parallel to the cross-section of the separation tank body 1 in any horizontal direction; The material enters the separation device 10 from the device inlet 4 and is sent to the separation tank from the device outlet 11 for phase separation. The separation device 10 causes the material to move tangentially along the separation tank cylinder 1. The gas in the material is discharged from the separation tank from the upper outlet 8, and the solid and / or liquid in the material is discharged from the separation tank from the lower outlet 9. This ensures that the material is ejected tangentially and forms a stable vortex under the constraint of the cylindrical separation tank 1. It utilizes density differences to achieve efficient stratification of gas (gathering and rising towards the center) and liquid-solid (throwing and falling towards the wall), laying the core foundation for high gas separation rate and avoiding the problem of incomplete separation caused by non-tangential feeding.

[0060] The separation device 10 is provided with a blocking plate inside the separation tank body 1, on the side away from the side wall of the separation tank body 1.

[0061] In this embodiment, the blocking plate is flat and perpendicular to the tangential direction of the separation tank body 1; Among them, the flat plate has a "rigid blocking" characteristic, which allows the material to form local pressure accumulation inside the separation device 10: after the material enters the device, it cannot diffuse due to the obstruction of the plate, and will maintain a stable flow rate and pressure inside the device until it is ejected from the device outlet 11 and releases stronger kinetic energy.

[0062] In some embodiments, the blocking plate includes, but is not limited to, an arc-shaped or a crown-shaped type.

[0063] In some embodiments, when the blocking plate is arc-shaped, the curvature of the blocking plate matches the curvature of the separation tank body 1. Alternatively, in some embodiments, when the blocking plate is spherical, the apex of the spherical shape is located inside the separation device 10. The different shapes of the baffle plate are adaptive optimization designs for different material characteristics and working conditions. The core is to further enhance separation efficiency and operational stability by improving flow field adaptability.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, the upper outlet 8 extends into the interior of the separation tank and is connected to an inner extension pipe 5.

[0065] In this embodiment, the upper outlet 8 and the inner extension pipe 5 are integrally connected, and the axes of the upper outlet 8 and the inner extension pipe 5 coincide with the axis of the separation tank body 1. In some embodiments, the upper outlet 8 and the inner extension pipe 5 are separately connected, and the axes of the upper outlet 8 and the inner extension pipe 5 coincide with the axis of the separation tank body 1. This means that it is precisely aligned with the central region of the swirling flow field—the core area where gas (with the lowest density) accumulates. This ensures that the inlet of the inner tube is precisely connected to the gas accumulation area, minimizing the entrainment of liquid and solid particles. Furthermore, the design of the coincident axis minimizes the obstruction of the swirling flow by the inner tube, maintaining the dynamic balance of centrifugal separation and ensuring the stability of separation efficiency under different flow conditions.

[0066] Meanwhile, the bottom of the lower end cap is provided with a lower outlet 9, and the axis of the lower outlet 9 coincides with the axis of the separation tank body 1; This means that it is precisely aligned with the endpoint of the liquid-solid mixture, allowing the accumulated liquid-solid mixture to be discharged directly, avoiding the "discharge dead zone" caused by the outlet being off-center. If the outlet is off-axis, liquid-solid materials are likely to remain at the bottom edge of the lower end cap, which can cause blockages in the long term, or the residual materials may evaporate or carry away gas, reducing the separation purity. This precise discharge design can significantly improve the liquid-solid discharge rate and reduce residues in the tank.

[0067] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the upper end cap 2 is an elliptical end cap. In some embodiments, the upper end cap 2 is either a conical end cap or a spherical end cap.

[0068] In this embodiment, the lower end cap 3 is a conical end cap. In some embodiments, the lower end cap 3 is either an elliptical end cap or a spherical end cap.

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a conical inner cylinder 6 is also provided inside the separation tank body 1 near the lower end cap 3. The conical inner cylinder 6 is integrally connected to the separation tank body 1. In some embodiments, the conical inner cylinder 6 is separately connected to the separation tank body 1. The liquid-solid mixture, spiraling down the inner wall of the separator 1, enters the conical inner cylinder 6. Due to the "flow channel contraction effect" of the conical structure (the cross-sectional area gradually decreases from the top to the bottom of the cone), the flow velocity of the liquid-solid mixture increases significantly, and the swirling intensity is further enhanced. The stronger centrifugal force can "throw" the remaining tiny bubbles (incompletely separated gases) in the liquid-solid mixture back towards the inner wall of the conical inner cylinder 6. Subsequently, the bubbles rise along the inner wall, re-enter the upper gas area, and are discharged through the inner extension pipe 5. Meanwhile, the denser liquid and solid particles continue to flow downwards along the conical inner wall and are eventually discharged through the downcomer 7. This secondary swirling design reduces the residual gas rate in the liquid and solid mixture, further improving the gas separation rate.

[0070] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the end of the conical inner cylinder 6 near the lower outlet 9 is connected to a downcomer 7.

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the inner diameter of the separation device 10 is D1, and the distance between the axis of the separation device 10 and the horizontal plane at the connection point of the separation tank body 1 and the upper end cap 2 is A, where A is 1.5 times D1. In some embodiments, A is any value between 0.5 and 1.5 times D1; By limiting the value to 0.5-1.5 times D1, the problem of decreased separation rate when A < 0.5D1 is avoided, and the energy consumption caused by increased equipment pressure drop when A > 1.5D1 is prevented, thus achieving a balance between efficient separation and low-energy operation.

[0072] In this embodiment, the upper outlet 8 is cylindrical, the inner diameter of the upper outlet 8 is D2, and the length of the inner tube 5 is B, where B is 3.5 times D2. In some embodiments, B is any value between 2.0 and 5.0 times D2. It effectively buffers the direct impact and erosion of high-speed materials on the inner wall of the separator, solves the problem of severe inner wall erosion when B < 2.0D1, and significantly extends the service life of the separator.

[0073] In this embodiment, the inner cone angle of the conical inner cylinder 6 is C, where C is 40°. In some embodiments, C is any value of 35°.

[0074] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the separation tank body 1 is D3, and the distance between the upper edge of the conical inner cylinder 6 and the horizontal plane at the connection between the separation tank body 1 and the upper end cap 2 is L, where L is 2.7 times D3. In some embodiments, L is any value between 2.5 and 3.0 times D3. This design avoids the problem of excessively long longitudinal dimensions of the equipment when C < 25°, and also prevents the risks of solid particle accumulation, angle of repose, and blockage when C > 45° or L < 2.5D3, thus ensuring long-term stable operation of the equipment and extending its operating cycle.

[0075] In this embodiment, the material is catalytic reforming flue gas containing solid particles. The design pressure of the separator is 1.5 MPag, and the design temperature is 540°C. The material enters the separator from the equipment inlet 4 through the separator 10, and then enters the separator through the equipment outlet 11 for gas phase separation. Due to the structural constraints of the separator 10, the material, after being ejected from the equipment outlet 11, is further forced to undergo angular displacement due to the dimensional constraints of the separator. Since the separator cylinder 1 is cylindrical, the gas in the material is subjected to centrifugal force, and the liquid and solid components in the material also experience different centrifugal forces due to their different densities.

[0076] Therefore, the relatively light gas rises within the separator to the inner extension pipe 5, where it undergoes at least two swirling cycles due to specific size limitations, and finally exits from the upper outlet 8 of the separator. The heavier solid, due to the combined effects of centrifugal force and gravity, swirls along the inner wall of the separator cylinder 1 for 1-3 cycles before flowing into the conical inner cylinder 6, where it undergoes further swirling separation. Simultaneously, any residual gas contained therein rises again, merging with the gas in the material and exiting the separator through the inner extension pipe 5. Meanwhile, the denser solid flows into the bottom of the separator through the downcomer pipe 7 connected to the conical inner cylinder 6, and finally exits from the separator through the lower outlet 9. By coordinating and optimizing the structure and key dimensional parameters of the separation equipment, inner tube, and conical inner cylinder, high separation efficiency is ensured while avoiding excessively large overall longitudinal dimensions of the equipment. This results in a compact separation tank structure, reduced floor space, improved space utilization, and adaptability to diverse installation needs in industrial settings.

[0077] This embodiment also provides a separation system in which a dust suppression device is connected to the upper outlet 8 of the separation tank to ensure that the gas separated from the material does not contain dust and to purify the gas again.

[0078] The separation tank, with its specific structure and dimensions, ultimately achieves the separation of gas from the material, with a separation rate of 97%.

[0079] Comparative Example 1 like Figure 3 As shown, in this comparative example, compared to Example 1, the separation device 10 is replaced with the conventional separation device inlet structure 12 in the prior art, whose axis is tangent to the side wall of the separation tank body. The rest of the equipment structure is the same as in Example 1. The material in Example 1 is separated into phases, and the final separation rate of the gas is 67%.

[0080] Comparative Example 2 like Figure 4 As shown, this comparative example, compared to Example 1, does not contain the conical inner cylinder 6, but the rest of the equipment structure is the same as in Example 1. The material in Example 1 is subjected to phase separation, and the final gas separation rate is 83%. However, there is obvious solid particle accumulation and solid repose angle problem, which significantly shortens the operating cycle of the separation tank.

[0081] Comparative Example 3 Compared to Example 2, this comparative example, while ensuring that the structure of the remaining equipment is the same as in Example 2, makes A 0.2 times the size of D1, and performs phase separation on the materials in Example 2, with the final gas separation rate being 15%.

[0082] Comparative Example 4 Compared to Example 2, this comparative example, while ensuring that the structure of the remaining equipment is the same as in Example 2, makes B 10.0 times the size of D2, and performs phase separation on the materials in Example 2, with the final separation rate of the gas being 9%.

[0083] Comparative Example 5 Compared to Example 2, this comparative example, while ensuring that the structure of the remaining equipment is the same as that in Example 2, makes L 1.5 times D3, and performs phase separation on the materials in Example 2, with the final separation rate of the gas being 34%.

[0084] It should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the content already described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this utility model is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A knockout pot, characterized in that The separation tank includes a separation tank body (1), and an upper end cap (2) and a lower end cap (3) located at the upper and lower ends of the separation tank body (1) and connected to the separation tank body (1); the upper end cap (2) is provided with an upper outlet (8), and the lower end cap (3) is provided with a lower outlet (9); At least one separation device (10) is radially connected to the side wall of the separation tank body (1) near the upper end cap (2), and the axis of the separation device (10) is perpendicular to the axis of the separation tank body (1); The separation device (10) includes a device inlet (4) and a device outlet (11); The equipment inlet (4) is located at the connection between the separation equipment (10) and the separation tank body (1); The equipment outlet (11) is located inside the separation tank body (1) and on the side wall of the separation equipment (10). The axis of the equipment outlet (11) is parallel to any horizontal cross-section of the separation tank body (1).

2. The knockout pot of claim 1, wherein The separation device (10) has a blocking plate inside the separation tank body (1) on the side away from the side wall of the separation tank body (1).

3. The knockout pot of claim 1, wherein The upper outlet (8) extends into the interior of the separation tank and is connected to an inner extension pipe (5).

4. The separator tank of claim 1, wherein The interior of the separation tank body (1) near the lower end cap (3) is also provided with a conical inner cylinder (6).

5. The knockout pot of claim 4, wherein The conical inner cylinder (6) is connected to a downcomer (7) at one end near the lower outlet (9).

6. The separator tank of claim 1, wherein The inner diameter of the separation device (10) is D1, and the distance between the axis of the separation device (10) and the horizontal plane at the connection between the separation tank body (1) and the upper end cap (2) is A, where A is 0.5-1.5 times D1.

7. The separator tank of claim 3, wherein The upper outlet (8) is cylindrical, the inner diameter of the upper outlet (8) is D2, and the length of the inner extension tube (5) is B, wherein B is 2.0-5.0 times D2.

8. The knockout pot of claim 4 wherein, The inner cone angle of the conical inner cylinder (6) is C, where C is 25-45°.

9. The separator tank of claim 4, wherein, The inner diameter of the separation tank body (1) is D3, and the distance between the upper edge of the conical inner cylinder (6) and the horizontal plane at the connection between the separation tank body (1) and the upper end cap (2) is L, where L is 2.5-3.0 times D3.

10. A separation system characterized by, The separation system includes the separation tank according to any one of claims 1-9.

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