A grain sorting apparatus

Abstract

This utility model discloses a grain sorting device, belonging to the technical field of grain processing equipment. It includes a screening mechanism, a buffer mechanism, a bottom connecting frame, a main rotary motor, and a secondary rotary motor. The main rotary motor drives the inner rotating shaft, sliding connecting block, and side connecting frame components to adjust the rear height of the multi-layer screening plates, thereby changing the overall screening angle. The secondary rotary motor is fixed to the outer connecting shell of the screening mechanism and drives a vibrating ring with uneven weight to rotate, thus causing the screening mechanism to generate high-frequency vibration on the buffer mechanism. This utility model solves the problems of poor material adaptability and low sorting efficiency caused by the fixed screening angle in existing screening equipment, as well as the complex and unstable operation of the vibration structure, by coordinating the tilt angle adjustment and independent vibration systems. It achieves the ability to flexibly adjust the screening speed according to different materials, improving the equipment's versatility and sorting accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of grain processing equipment technology, and in particular to a grain sorting device. Background Technology

[0002] As a major agricultural crop, grain sorting and grading after harvest is a key step in ensuring quality and subsequent processing. Currently, vibrating screening equipment is the most commonly used technical means to achieve grain sorting. The tilt angle of the screens in these conventional vibrating screening equipment is fixed during the design and manufacturing process.

[0003] However, different types of grains, such as rice, wheat, or corn, vary in particle size, shape, and flowability. Even the flow characteristics of the same grain differ greatly at different moisture contents. A fixed screening angle cannot simultaneously meet the optimal screening speed under all working conditions. When processing materials with good flowability, the excessive flow rate can lead to incomplete screening, while materials with poor flowability can cause accumulation and blockage, reducing the versatility and sorting efficiency of the equipment. In addition, there is room for optimization in the design of the vibration mechanism of some existing sorting equipment. Some equipment uses a complex transmission mechanism of crank connecting rod to generate vibration, which is complex in structure and inconvenient to maintain. Other equipment has the problem of insufficient tightness between the vibration source and the screening body, resulting in greater loss of vibration energy during transmission and failure to form a uniform and effective vibration force on the screen surface, thus affecting the screening effect.

[0004] Therefore, this utility model proposes a grain sorting device to address the shortcomings of the existing technology. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the problems of poor adaptability to different materials due to the fixed screening angle and low efficiency of the vibration mechanism in the existing grain sorting equipment, this utility model aims to provide a grain sorting equipment with an improved structure that can effectively solve the above problems.

[0006] This utility model provides a grain sorting device, including: a screening mechanism, a buffer mechanism, and a bottom connecting frame; as well as a main rotary motor and an auxiliary rotary motor.

[0007] The main rotary motor drives the inner rotary shaft to rotate, and the inner rotary shaft drives the sliding connecting block to slide along the height adjustment shaft. The sliding connecting block drives the rear of the first screening plate, the second screening plate and the third screening plate in the screening mechanism to rise and fall through the side connecting frame to change the screening angle.

[0008] Furthermore, the auxiliary rotary motor is fixed to the outer connecting shell of the screening mechanism, used to drive the unevenly weighted vibrating ring to rotate, and achieves synchronization through the central connecting shaft, thereby driving the overall vibration of the screening mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the front ends of the first screening plate, the second screening plate, and the third screening plate are rotatably connected to the front side of the outer connecting shell, and the front ends of the first screening plate, the second screening plate, and the third screening plate are all fixedly connected to a front discharge component.

[0010] Preferably, the top of the main rotary motor is fixedly connected to an upper fixed frame, and the inner rotating shaft passes through the upper fixed frame.

[0011] Preferably, the side connecting frame and the height adjustment shaft are fixedly connected to one side of the sliding connecting block.

[0012] Preferably, the buffer mechanism includes a bottom support frame and a lower connecting piece disposed below the bottom connecting frame. The lower connecting piece is connected to the bottom support frame by a buffer spring, which is an anti-vibration spring with a central sliding rod.

[0013] Preferably, the buffer mechanism further includes a front support frame connected to the front side of the bottom connecting frame, and a top support frame is fixedly connected to the top of the front support frame. The top support frame is connected to the screening mechanism through the front connecting frame.

[0014] Preferably, the grain sorting equipment further includes multiple grain storage frames and multiple graded storage plates of different heights. The graded storage plates are disposed at the discharge end of the screening mechanism and are used to guide the screened grains into the corresponding grain storage frames.

[0015] Preferably, the tops of the first screening plate, the second screening plate, and the third screening plate are all provided with discharge holes of different sizes.

[0016] Preferably, both vibration rings are designed symmetrically and are installed on the left and right sides of the central connecting shaft, respectively.

[0017] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. This utility model solves the problem of poor adaptability to different materials and low sorting efficiency caused by the fixed screening angle in a grain sorting device in the prior art due to the setting of a main rotary motor-driven linkage mechanism to change the tilt angle of the multi-layer screening plates. It achieves the ability to flexibly adjust the screening speed according to the type and state of the grain, thereby improving the equipment's versatility and sorting accuracy.

[0018] 2. This utility model solves the problems of low vibration efficiency, high energy loss and unstable operation of the existing technology by setting an independent auxiliary rotating motor to drive the unbalanced vibration ring installed on the screening mechanism, and cooperating with the buffer mechanism at the bottom of the whole machine. It achieves concentrated and efficient vibration effect, more thorough screening process and more stable equipment operation. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a grain sorting device proposed in this utility model; Figure 2 This is a right view of a grain sorting device proposed in this utility model; Figure 3 This is a structural breakdown diagram of the screening mechanism in a grain sorting device proposed in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer mechanism in a grain sorting device proposed in this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vibrating ring in a grain sorting device proposed in this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the height adjustment shaft in a grain sorting device proposed in this utility model.

[0020] Legend: 1. Main rotary motor; 2. Bottom connecting frame; 3. Screening mechanism; 31. Upper fixed frame; 32. Inner rotating shaft; 33. Sliding connecting block; 34. Height adjustment shaft; 35. Side connecting frame; 36. Outer connecting shell; 37. First screening plate; 38. Second screening plate; 39. Third screening plate; 310. Front discharge part; 311. Auxiliary rotary motor; 312. Vibrating ring; 313. Central connecting shaft; 4. Buffer mechanism; 41. Lower connecting plate; 42. Buffer spring; 43. Bottom support frame; 44. Front support frame; 45. Top support frame; 46. Front connecting frame; 47. Grain storage frame; 48. Grading storage plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0022] Example: Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, a grain sorting device includes a screening mechanism 3, a buffer mechanism 4 for supporting the screening mechanism 3, and a bottom connecting frame 2 connecting the screening mechanism 3 and the buffer mechanism 4. The buffer mechanism 4 includes a bottom support frame 43, the top of which is connected to a lower connecting piece 41 via a buffer spring 42. The lower connecting piece 41 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bottom connecting frame 2. The buffer spring 42 is a shock-absorbing spring with a sliding rod in the center. The buffer mechanism 4 also includes a front support frame 44, which is connected to the bottom connecting frame 2. On the front side, a top support frame 45 is fixedly connected to the top of the front support frame 44. The top support frame 45 is connected to the screening mechanism 3 through a front connecting frame 46. The screening mechanism 3 includes an outer connecting shell 36. The main rotary motor 1 is connected to the screening mechanism 3 through an upper fixed frame 31. The auxiliary rotary motor 311 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer connecting shell 36. A grain storage frame 47 is provided at the discharge end of the screening mechanism 3, and multiple graded storage pieces 48 of different heights are provided to guide the screened grain into the corresponding grain storage frame 47.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The top of the main rotary motor 1 is fixedly connected to the upper fixed frame 31. The main rotary motor 1 drives the inner rotary shaft 32 to rotate, and the inner rotary shaft 32 drives the sliding connecting block 33 to slide along the height adjustment shaft 34. A side connecting frame 35 is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding connecting block 33. When the sliding connecting block 33 rises and falls along the height adjustment shaft 34, the rear parts of the first screening plate 37, the second screening plate 38, and the third screening plate 39 rise and fall synchronously through the side connecting frame 35. Combined with the structure in which the front ends of the first screening plate 37, the second screening plate 38, and the third screening plate 39 are rotatably connected to the outer connecting shell 36, the following can be achieved: The screening angle is continuously adjustable, and the front ends of the first screening plate 37, the second screening plate 38 and the third screening plate 39 are all fixedly connected to the front discharge part 310. Next, the vibration mechanism is described. The auxiliary rotating motor 311 is fixed to the outer wall of the outer connecting shell 36. The output end of the auxiliary rotating motor 311 drives the vibrating ring 312 to rotate. The vibrating ring 312 is an annular part with uneven weight distribution. The unbalanced force generated when the vibrating ring 312 rotates can drive the entire screening mechanism 3 to vibrate on the buffer mechanism 4. The central connecting shaft 313 passes through and connects the vibrating rings 312 on both sides to achieve synchronous vibration.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6To achieve stable transmission of tilt angle adjustment, the main rotary motor 1 is connected to the screening mechanism 3 through the upper fixed frame 31. The top of the main rotary motor 1 is fixedly connected to the upper fixed frame 31. The inner rotating shaft 32 passes through the upper fixed frame 31 and is driven to rotate by the main rotary motor 1. A height adjustment shaft 34 and a side connecting frame 35 are fixedly connected to one side of the sliding connecting block 33. The sliding connecting block 33 is sleeved on the threaded section of the inner rotating shaft 32 and is driven to slide up and down along the axial direction of the height adjustment shaft 34 by the rotation of the inner rotating shaft 32. The movement of the sliding connecting block 33 is transmitted to the rear connection point of the first screening plate 37, the second screening plate 38 and the third screening plate 39 through the side connecting frame 35. The front ends of the first screening plate 37, the second screening plate 38 and the third screening plate 39 are rotatably connected to the front side of the outer connecting shell 36 through pins. The front ends of the first screening plate 37, the second screening plate 38 and the third screening plate 39 are all integrally fixedly connected to the front discharge part 310.

[0025] As another preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 To achieve stable buffering and support for the whole machine, a lower connecting piece 41 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bottom connecting frame 2. Multiple buffer springs 42 are provided between the bottom surface of the lower connecting piece 41 and the top surface of the bottom support frame 43. The buffer springs 42 are preferably anti-vibration springs with a sliding rod in the center to increase damping and stability during the buffering process. At the same time, a front support frame 44 is vertically connected to the front side of the bottom connecting frame 2. A top support frame 45 is fixedly connected to the top of the front support frame 44. One end of the front connecting frame 46 is welded to the top support frame 45, and the other end is welded to the outer connecting shell 36 of the screening mechanism 3. The front support frame 44, the top support frame 45 and the front connecting frame 46 together constitute an auxiliary support structure for the front end of the screening mechanism 3.

[0026] As another preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In order to achieve efficient graded collection, multiple grain collection frames 47 are arranged in descending order below the front discharge part 310 of the screening mechanism 3. Multiple graded collection plates 48 of different heights are installed at the front end of the screening mechanism 3. The shape of the graded collection plates 48 corresponds to the position of the discharge port of the different graded screening plates. They are used to guide the different grades of grains screened out by the first screening plate 37, the second screening plate 38, and the third screening plate 39 into their respective grain collection frames 47 without crossing.

[0027] Working principle: Before sorting, the screening angle can be pre-adjusted according to the type, particle size, or moisture content of the grain to be sorted. The main rotary motor 1 is then started. The main rotary motor 1 stably drives the inner rotary shaft 32 to rotate via the upper fixed frame 31. Since the sliding connecting block 33 is threadedly engaged with the inner rotary shaft 32 and is sleeved on the height adjustment shaft 34, the rotation of the inner rotary shaft 32 causes the sliding connecting block 33 to move linearly up and down along the direction of the height adjustment shaft 34. The sliding connecting block 33, through the fixedly connected side connecting frame 35, synchronously raises or lowers the rear connection points of the first screening plate 37, the second screening plate 38, and the third screening plate 39. Given the first screening plate 37, the second... The front ends of screening plates 38 and 39 are rotatably connected to the outer connecting shell 36 via the front discharge component 310. Therefore, changes in the rear height directly alter the overall tilt angle of the three screening plates, thereby precisely controlling the speed at which the grain moves on the screening plates and adapting to different materials. When the sorting operation begins, the auxiliary rotating motor 311 is started, driving the vibrating ring 312 fixed on the outer connecting shell 36 to rotate at high speed. Due to the uneven weight distribution of the vibrating ring 312, a continuous and powerful unbalanced centrifugal force is generated during rotation. This force acts on the entire screening mechanism 3, causing the screening mechanism 3 to vibrate at high frequency. The screening mechanism 3 is connected to the bottom connecting frame 2 and the lower connecting plate 4. 1. Mounted on the buffer spring 42, the buffer spring 42 of the buffer mechanism 4 provides movement space for the vibration of the screening mechanism 3, while absorbing vibration impact and preventing it from being transmitted to the ground. The central connecting shaft 313 ensures the synchronous rotation of the two vibrating rings 312, making the vibration effect more stable. After the grain enters from the feed inlet, it first falls on the first screening plate 37. Under the dual action of vibration and inclination, the grain particles jump and flow along the screen surface towards the discharge end. Particles smaller than the screen holes of the first screening plate 37 will fall on the second screening plate 38, while larger particles will remain on the first screening plate 37 and eventually be discharged from the front discharge part 310, and then guided into the corresponding grain collection frame through the highest grading collection plate 48. 47. Particles falling on the second screening plate 38 repeat the above process. Smaller particles pass through the screen holes and fall onto the third screening plate 39, while medium-sized particles remain on the second screening plate 38 and are discharged from the corresponding front discharge part 310. They are then guided into the second grain collection frame 47 by the middle grading and collection plate 48. Finally, the particles falling on the third screening plate 39 complete the final screening. Finished grain that meets the specifications is discharged from the front discharge part 310 and guided into the third grain collection frame 47 by the lowest grading and collection plate 48. This completes the three-level sorting and automatic collection of grain in one go. Through the coordinated work of the tilt angle adjustment and independent vibration systems, the problems of poor adaptability and low efficiency of the existing technology are effectively solved.

Claims

1. A grain sorting device, comprising a screening mechanism (3), a buffer mechanism (4) for supporting the screening mechanism (3), and a bottom connecting frame (2) connecting the screening mechanism (3) and the buffer mechanism (4). The screening mechanism (3) includes an outer connecting shell (36), and a first screening plate (37), a second screening plate (38) and a third screening plate (39) arranged in the outer connecting shell (36). Its features are, The device also includes a main rotary motor (1) and a secondary rotary motor (311); the main rotary motor (1) drives the inner rotary shaft (32) to rotate, the inner rotary shaft (32) drives the sliding connecting block (33) to slide along the height adjustment shaft (34), and the sliding connecting block (33) drives the rear of the first screening plate (37), the second screening plate (38) and the third screening plate (39) to rise and fall through the side connecting frame (35) to change the screening angle; The auxiliary rotating motor (311) is fixed on the outer connecting shell (36) and is used to drive the vibration ring (312) with uneven weight distribution to rotate. Synchronization is achieved through the central connecting shaft (313), thereby driving the screening mechanism (3) to vibrate as a whole.

2. A grain sorting apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that, The front ends of the first screening plate (37), the second screening plate (38) and the third screening plate (39) are rotatably connected to the front side of the outer connecting shell (36), and the front ends of the first screening plate (37), the second screening plate (38) and the third screening plate (39) are all fixedly connected to the front discharge component (310).

3. A grain sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The top of the main rotary motor (1) is fixedly connected to an upper fixed frame (31), and the inner rotating shaft (32) passes through the upper fixed frame (31).

4. A grain sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The sliding connecting block (33) is fixedly connected to one side of the side connecting frame (35) and the height adjustment shaft (34).

5. A grain sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The buffer mechanism (4) includes a bottom support frame (43) and a lower connecting piece (41) disposed below the bottom connecting frame (2). The lower connecting piece (41) is connected to the bottom support frame (43) by a buffer spring (42).

6. A grain sorting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein, The buffer spring (42) is an anti-vibration spring with a sliding rod in the center.

7. A grain sorting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein, The buffer mechanism (4) further includes a front support frame (44) connected to the front side of the bottom connecting frame (2), and a top support frame (45) is fixedly connected to the top of the front support frame (44). The top support frame (45) is connected to the screening mechanism (3) through the front connecting frame (46).

8. A grain sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, The discharge end of the screening mechanism (3) is provided with multiple grain storage frames (47), and the screened grain is guided into the corresponding grain storage frames (47) by multiple graded storage pieces (48) of different heights.

9. A grain sorting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, The top of the first screening plate (37), the second screening plate (38) and the third screening plate (39) are all provided with discharge holes of different sizes.

10. A grain sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, Both of the vibration rings (312) are designed symmetrically and are installed on the left and right sides of the central connecting shaft (313), respectively.

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