A safe and efficient alloy casting bottom ingot structure

Abstract

This utility model discloses a safe and efficient bottom-out ingot structure for alloy casting. The casting machine adopts an internally guided hydraulic vertical semi-continuous casting machine. After the ingot is pulled out of the crystallizer, it is clamped by the ingot support device and tilted to a horizontal position. Then it is transported to the discharge roller conveyor. The ingot on the discharge roller conveyor is lifted to the ground roller conveyor by a crane using a horizontal lifting device or by a lifting device. Then it is lifted to the raw ingot storage area by a horizontal lifting device. This avoids the vertical lifting and transportation of ingots at high altitudes, as well as the leveling operation from high points, reducing the source of danger and the lifting risk. It simplifies the ingot outgot operation process and reduces the labor intensity of production workers and crane operators. It reduces the height of the plant and the cost of the plant. When casting extra-long ingots according to production needs, the lifting process is not limited by the height of the plant. When adding a melting and casting unit in the existing plant for technical renovation, the limitation of the existing plant height on the lifting of ingots can be disregarded, further reducing the production cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of alloy casting technology, specifically to a safe and efficient bottom ingot ejection structure for alloy casting. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, copper and copper alloy ingots are mainly produced using vertical semi-continuous casting technology both domestically and internationally. This technology is a traditional production process with the widest application range and is mature and reliable. The casting machines mainly selected are hydraulic vertical semi-continuous casting machines (internal guide or external guide type) or screw vertical semi-continuous casting machines. The production process of this technology is as follows: After the copper liquid solidifies in the crystallizer, the ingot is pulled downward by the ingot head by a hydraulic cylinder or screw at a certain casting speed. After the ingot reaches the set length (currently, the conventional length of flat ingots is 8200~8500mm, and the conventional length of round ingots is 6000~6500mm), the crystallizer trolley is moved away, and the end of the ingot is clamped by a crane lifting device to lift the ingot out of the casting well and to the raw ingot storage area. Then, the ingot is tilted and laid flat before being hoisted onto a sawing machine for sawing.

[0003] Figure 1 It is a traditional hydraulic vertical semi-continuous casting of copper and copper alloys. Before casting, the hydraulic cylinder drives the ingot base to rise along the guide rails on both sides (the internal guide is inside the cylinder), raising the ingot head into the crystallizer. The copper liquid is poured into the crystallizer through the smelting furnace group and solidifies under the cooling of the water channels around the crystallizer. After it is combined with the ingot head as a whole, the hydraulic cylinder drives the ingot base to pull the ingot downwards at the set casting speed. After the ingot reaches the set length, the crystallizer trolley is moved away from the casting well opening. Then, the overhead crane lifts the ingot with the lifting device and lifts it out of the casting well. It is then transported to the ingot storage area. The overhead crane places the ingot on the ground, using the bottom of the ingot as a fulcrum, and then drives the overhead crane to fall to one side, finally placing the ingot flat on the ground.

[0004] The ingot lifting process presents significant safety hazards during the above production process. The ingots are relatively long, reaching a maximum height of approximately 10 meters after lifting (with the lifting equipment reaching approximately 12 meters). Furthermore, the ingots are heavy (several tons to over twenty tons). From being lifted out of the casting well to being transported to the ingot storage area, the ingots pass through several melting and casting equipment and sawing machines, all operated by workers. If the ingot falls from the lifting equipment, it could damage surrounding equipment and cause injury or death. During the lifting process, the casting equipment needs to be moved away from the casting well, requiring specific arrangements for the equipment. Vertical lifting of the ingot is difficult because it is hard to detach it from the ingot derrick, making lifting challenging and labor-intensive. When lowering the ingot from its vertical position to the ground, the lifting clamps need to rotate relative to the ingot, further increasing the risk of it falling. This operation requires close-range supervision, increasing the risk of injury and damage to the factory or equipment. In addition, ingot lifting requires the factory to reach a certain height, increasing construction costs. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to overcome existing defects and provide a safe and efficient bottom-out ingot structure for alloy casting. By setting an ingot support device inside the casting well, after the ingot casting is completed, the ingot support device clamps the ingot and tilts it to a horizontal position, then transports it to the discharge roller conveyor. The ingot on the discharge roller conveyor is lifted to the ground roller conveyor by a crane using a horizontal lifting device or by a lifting device, and then lifted to the raw ingot storage area by a horizontal lifting device. This avoids the safety risks of vertical lifting, horizontal placement, and vertical transportation of copper and copper alloy ingots in the workshop. The ingot is easy to separate from the ingot derrick, has low requirements for plant height, and can save plant construction costs, effectively solving the problems in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a safe and efficient bottom-out ingot structure for alloy casting, comprising a melting furnace / pouring ladle above the casting well, an internally guided hydraulic vertical semi-continuous casting machine below the melting furnace / pouring ladle, the internally guided hydraulic vertical semi-continuous casting machine including a crystallizer mounted on a crystallizer trolley, a cylinder sleeve inside the casting well, an internally guided hydraulic cylinder inside the cylinder sleeve, the movable end of the internally guided hydraulic cylinder being connected to the ingot head and the raising pad via an ingot base, the ingot head and the raising pad having a hook-shaped ingot head groove at their end edges, and the lower mating surface between the formed ingot and the inner side of the ingot head groove being an arc surface; an ingot support device is movably mounted inside the casting well, the ingot support device being connected to the movable end of a tilting cylinder of the support device located in a groove at the outlet of the casting well, the ingot support device being able to rotate the ingot 90° within the casting well under the push of the tilting cylinder of the support device.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, a horizontal discharge roller conveyor for conveying ingots is provided at the outlet of the casting well.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ingot support device includes a support frame, a conveyor roller conveyor on the support frame, and a clamping device for clamping the ingot on the support frame.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the clamping device is a side clamping device arranged on both sides of the material support frame, and the two sides of the material support frame are also provided with clamping drive devices for driving the side clamping devices to move left and right.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the clamping device is a gripping clamping device set on the upper side of the material support frame, and the two sides of the material support frame are also provided with clamping drive devices for driving the gripping clamping device to move up and down.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, an anti-tipping device is provided on the lower side of the operating table where the crystallizer trolley is located, and the anti-tipping device is located on both sides of the ingot.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a retractable secondary cooling water spray ring is provided below the crystallizer, and an anti-tipping device is provided at the bottom of the secondary cooling water spray ring.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, a secondary water collection tank is provided on the side wall of the casting well, and a drain outlet is provided at the bottom of the secondary water collection tank; an anti-tipping device is provided at the bottom of the secondary water collection tank.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, a water-cooled protective wall plate is provided on the inner surface of the wellhead of the casting well, and cooling water is circulated into the water-cooled protective wall plate to reduce the temperature.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, a protective railing is provided at the edge of the operating platform where the smelting furnace / pouring ladle is located.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The casting machine adopts an internally guided hydraulic vertical semi-continuous casting machine, or adopts an ingot traction mechanism to pull the ingot out of the crystallizer, and then clamps the ingot with an ingot bearing device and tilts it to a horizontal position before conveying it to the discharge roller conveyor. The ingot on the discharge roller conveyor is lifted to the ground roller conveyor by a crane using a flat lifting device or by a lifting device, and then lifted to the raw ingot storage area by a flat lifting device. This avoids high-altitude vertical lifting and transportation of ingots, as well as leveling operations from high points, reducing hazards and lifting risks; it simplifies the ingot discharge process and reduces the labor intensity of production workers and crane operators; it reduces the height of the factory building and lowers the factory building cost; when casting extra-long ingots according to production needs, the lifting process is not limited by the height of the factory building; when adding a melting and casting unit in the existing factory building, the limitation of the existing factory building height on ingot lifting can be disregarded, further reducing production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the composition and casting process of a traditional vertical semi-continuous casting machine (taking an externally guided hydraulic casting machine as an example). Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the elevation structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the secondary cooling water spray ring in the red ingot casting of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the secondary water collection tank in the non-red ingot casting of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of flat casting ingots of different specifications according to this utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the ingot clamping method of the single-flow flat ingot casting support device of this utility model; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the ingot clamping method of the transverse arrangement of the ingot support device for the dual-flow flat ingot casting of this utility model; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the ingot clamping method of the vertical arrangement of the ingot support device for the dual-flow flat ingot casting of this utility model; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the ingot clamping method of the vertical arrangement of the three-strand casting ingot support device of this utility model; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the casting of round ingots with different flow rates according to this utility model; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the cylindrical ingot clamping and conveying of this utility model; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flat ingot guide head of this utility model; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ingot guide head of this utility model; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the elevation structure of another embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the ingot traction mechanism in another embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Melting furnace / pouring ladle; 2. Internally guided hydraulic vertical semi-continuous casting machine; 2.1 Crystallizer; 2.2 Crystallizer trolley; 2.3 Ingot receiving device; 2.3.1 Material receiving rack; 2.3.2 Conveying roller conveyor; 2.3.3 Side clamping device; 2.3.4 Clamping type clamping device; 2.3.5 Clamping drive device; 2.3.6 Intermediate fixed stop; 2.3.7 Ingot tilting device; 2.3.8 Anti-tipping guide device; 2.4 Material receiving device tilting cylinder; 2.5 Ingot head and raising pad; 2.5.1 Ingot head groove; 2.6 Ingot base; 2.7 Internally guided hydraulic cylinder; 2.8 Oil... 2.9 Cylinder liner, 2.10 Anti-tipping device, 2.11 Discharge roller conveyor, 2.12 Guardrail, 2.13 Secondary cooling water spray ring, 2.14 Water-cooled protective wall panel, 2.15 Secondary water collection tank, 2.15 Ground discharge roller conveyor, 2.16 Winch lifting mechanism, 2.17 Underground discharge roller conveyor, 3 Flat ingot, 3.1 Single-flow flat ingot, 3.2 Double-flow flat ingot, 3.3 Triple-flow flat ingot, 4 Round ingot, 4.1 Single-flow round ingot, 4.2 Double-flow round ingot, 4.3 Triple-flow round ingot, 5 Cooling water tank, 6 Ingot traction mechanism, 6.1 Traction roller, 7 Material receiving device up and down moving guide column, 8 Tilting ingot head. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] In existing casting processes, the cooling water used in the crystallizer to cool the ingot is divided into primary cooling water and secondary cooling water. Primary cooling water, located inside the crystallizer's sidewall, provides initial cooling to the ingot, causing it to solidify from a liquid state (the ingot exiting the crystallizer at a temperature approximately 100°C below its solidification point; this varies depending on the alloy, ranging from approximately 1000°C ± 100~200°C). Secondary cooling water, after the ingot has solidified and been drawn out of the crystallizer, is sprayed directly onto the ingot surface for further cooling (directly cooling the ingot temperature to below 60°C). Depending on the alloy and crystallizer design, the two cooling water systems can be the same (i.e., primary cooling water is sprayed directly from the bottom of the crystallizer for secondary cooling), or they can be separate, with the primary cooling water directly refluxed in a closed loop.

[0021] For some copper alloy ingots, due to the high casting stress generated during the casting process, the casting process is not suitable for high cooling intensity. Otherwise, the ingot is prone to casting defects or even cracking and scrapping. Therefore, after the ingot comes out of the crystallizer, it cannot be directly cooled with secondary cooling water at high intensity. Secondary cooling can only be carried out after the ingot has been cast to a certain length and the ingot has been completely stabilized. That is, the red ingot casting process is adopted (the ingot turns red due to high temperature within a certain length after it comes out of the crystallizer).

[0022] Please see Figure 2-14 This utility model provides a technical solution: a bottom-out ingot equipment and process for vertical semi-continuous casting of copper and copper alloy ingots, including a smelting furnace / pouring ladle 1 above the casting well, an internally guided hydraulic vertical semi-continuous casting machine 2 below the smelting furnace / pouring ladle 1, the internally guided hydraulic vertical semi-continuous casting machine 2 including a crystallizer 2.1 mounted on a crystallizer trolley 2.2, a cylinder sleeve 2.8 inside the casting well, and an internally guided hydraulic cylinder 2.7 inside the cylinder sleeve 2.8. The movable end of the hydraulic cylinder 2.7 is connected to the ingot head and the raising pad 2.5 via the ingot base 2.6. An ingot support device 2.3 is movably installed inside the casting well. The ingot support device 2.3 is connected to the movable end of the tilting cylinder 2.4, which is located in a groove at the outlet of the casting well. Under the push of the tilting cylinder 2.4, the ingot support device 2.3 can rotate the ingot 90° within the casting well. A horizontal discharge roller conveyor 2.10 for conveying the ingot is installed at the outlet of the casting well. The ingot support device 2.3 includes a support frame 2.3.1, a conveying roller conveyor 2.3.2, and a clamping device for holding the ingot. An anti-tipping device 2.9 is installed on the lower side of the operating platform where the crystallizer trolley 2.2 is located, and the anti-tipping device 2.9 is located on both sides of the ingot.

[0023] In this embodiment, an internally guided hydraulic cylinder is selected, eliminating the need for the two-sided guide rails required by the externally guided cylinder. This allows for a larger internal space in the casting well, providing space for the arrangement of the ingot support device 2.3, etc.

[0024] The production process is as follows: The internal guide hydraulic cylinder 2.7 drives the ingot base 2.6 to raise the ingot head 2.5 and insert it into the crystallizer 2.1. After the copper liquid is poured into the crystallizer 2.1, it is cooled and solidified by primary water cooling. The internal guide hydraulic cylinder 2.7 then drives the ingot 3 to pull it downwards and grow. Secondary cooling water is sprayed onto the ingot and then falls into the bottom of the casting well. A water pump is set at the bottom of the casting well to pump the cooling water back to the circulating water pump station to ensure that there is no large amount of water in the casting well.

[0025] After the ingot 3 reaches the set length, the supply of molten copper to the crystallizer is stopped. After the molten copper in the crystallizer is completely solidified, the hydraulic cylinder continues to pull the flattened ingot 3 downwards until it is completely away from the foundation. (During this process, in order to prevent the ingot from accidentally tipping over, an anti-tipping device 2.9 is set to support the ingot. This anti-tipping device 2.9 is a hydraulically driven and retractable device. After the ingot is clamped and fixed by the material support device 2.3, the anti-tipping device 2.9 retracts to avoid the tipping space of the ingot 3.) The ingot support device 2.3 clamps the ingot, and then drives the tilting hydraulic cylinder 2.4 of the material support device to tilt the material support device to a horizontal position. The clamping mechanism of the material support device is opened, and the flat ingot 3 is driven into the discharge roller conveyor 2.10 for discharge through the upper roller conveyor of the material support device.

[0026] Since the ingot base 2.6 is larger than the ingot 3, the material receiving device 2.3 needs to be moved back and forth to avoid the large components such as the ingot base 2.6.

[0027] The preferred technical solution, combined with Figure 4 A retractable secondary cooling water spray ring 2.12 is installed below the crystallizer 2.1, and an anti-tipping device 2.9 is installed at the bottom of the secondary cooling water spray ring 2.12. When producing copper alloy ingots using the red ingot casting process, this invention considers separating the primary and secondary cooling water for the ingot. The primary cooling water is directly and closedly returned to the circulating water pump station. The secondary cooling water spray ring 2.12 is hung at the bottom of the crystallizer 2.1 to provide secondary cooling of the ingot to a lower temperature, avoiding thermal shock to the material support device and preventing equipment damage. The specific position of the spray ring depends on the specific process, generally set about 2-3 meters from the bottom surface of the crystallizer 2.1. This spray ring is retractable and movable to adjust its position and avoid conflict with the production equipment. The anti-tipping device 2.9, configured in this way, is located at the bottom of the secondary cooling water spray ring 2.12.

[0028] In a further preferred embodiment, a water-cooled protective wall plate 2.13 is provided on the inner surface of the wellhead of the casting well, and cooling water is introduced into the water-cooled protective wall plate 2.13 to reduce its temperature.

[0029] Because the ingot temperature above the secondary cooling water spray ring 2.12 is high, long-term high-temperature radiation will cause the concrete at the wellhead to crack and be damaged. This utility model hangs a water-cooled protective wall panel 2.13 on the side wall of the wellhead to protect the well wall, and cooling water is circulated inside the wall panel to cool it down.

[0030] The preferred technical solution, combined with Figure 5 The casting well is equipped with a secondary water collection tank 2.14 on its side wall, with a drain outlet at the bottom. An anti-tipping device 2.9 is installed at the bottom of the secondary water collection tank 2.14. In non-red ingot casting, to prevent secondary cooling water from flowing directly to the bottom of the casting well, a secondary water collection tank 2.14 can be hung on the side wall of the well opening. This tank has a drain outlet at its bottom. After the secondary cooling water is sprayed onto the ingot, it is collected by the secondary water collection tank 2.14 and discharged by gravity to the circulating water pump station through the bottom drain outlet. A high-temperature resistant rubber seal is installed between the secondary water collection tank 2.14 and the ingot. This arrangement avoids the secondary cooling water affecting the ingot support device 2.3. Furthermore, the gravity flow of the cooling water back to the circulating water pump station saves pumping energy.

[0031] Preferred, combined Figure 6 The width of copper and copper alloy flat ingots is generally 330~1250mm. All sizes of ingots can be cast using single-strand casting, and their arrangement is shown in Figure 3.1, Single-Strand Flat Ingot. In addition, to improve production efficiency, smaller ingots can be cast simultaneously using double-strand or triple-strand casting. Ingots with a width of 450mm and below can be cast using double-strand or triple-strand casting, ingots with a width of 650mm can be cast using double-strand casting, and ingots with a width of 650mm and above can be cast using single-strand casting.

[0032] In single-strand casting, all ingots are arranged horizontally. Figure 6 3.1 Arrangement of single-strand flat ingots; when casting two strands simultaneously, there are two arrangement methods: horizontal and vertical, see [reference]. Figure 6 Section 3.2. Arrangement of double-strand flat ingots; when casting three strands simultaneously, the ingots are arranged vertically, see [reference needed]. Figure 6 3.3. Three-stream flat casting ingot.

[0033] When the ingots are arranged horizontally, the conveying rollers of the ingot support device 2.3 are in contact with the large surface of the ingot; when the ingots are arranged vertically, the conveying rollers of the ingot support device 2.3 are in contact with the narrow surface of the ingot.

[0034] The preferred technical solution, combined with Figure 7-10There are two types of clamping devices. One type is a side clamping device 2.3.3 located on both sides of the material support frame 2.3.1, and a clamping drive device 2.3.5 for driving the side clamping device 2.3.3 to move left and right is also provided on both sides of the material support frame 2.3.1. The other type is a gripping clamping device 2.3.4 located on the upper side of the material support frame 2.3.1, and a clamping drive device 2.3.5 for driving the gripping clamping device 2.3.4 to move up and down is also provided on both sides of the material support frame 2.3.1.

[0035] Combination Figure 7 For single-flow casting of flat ingots, the large surface of the ingot contacts the conveyor rollers. Two clamping methods are used: one clamps both sides of the ingot (side clamping device 2.3.3), and the other uses a gripping method (gripping clamping device 2.3.4), directly clamping the large surface of the ingot. The clamping distance for both methods is adjustable to accommodate variations in ingot size within a certain range. Furthermore, the clamping method design must fully consider the passage space for the ingot guide base. The drive device 2.3.5 uses common equipment such as hydraulic cylinders to move and adjust either the side clamping device 2.3.3 or the gripping clamping device 2.3.4.

[0036] Combination Figure 8 The flat ingots in the dual-flow casting process are arranged laterally, with the large surface in contact with the conveyor rollers. Two clamping methods are used: one clamps both sides of the ingot (side clamping device 2.3.3), with a fixed stop block 2.3.6 between the two ingots; the other uses a gripping method (gripping clamping device 2.3.4), directly clamping the large surface of the ingot. The clamping distance for both methods is adjustable to accommodate variations in ingot size within a certain range. Furthermore, the clamping method design must fully consider the passage space for the ingot guide base. Additionally, guides are required on the ingot conveyor rollers to prevent deviation during ingot transport.

[0037] Combination Figure 9 The flat ingots in the dual-flow casting system are arranged vertically, with the narrow side contacting the conveyor rollers. Two clamping methods are used: one clamps both sides of the ingot (side clamping device 2.3.3), with a central fixing block 2.3.6 between the two ingots; the side clamping device 2.3.3 can also tilt the ingot to flatten it. The other method is a gripping type (gripping clamping device 2.3.4), which directly clamps the narrow side of the ingot and also includes a tilting device 2.3.7. After the receiving device 2.3 tilts to a horizontal position, 2.3.7 flattens the ingot. The clamping distance for both methods is adjustable to accommodate variations in ingot size within a certain range. Furthermore, the clamping method design must fully consider the passage space for the ingot guide base. Additionally, guides are required on the ingot conveyor rollers to prevent deviation during ingot transport.

[0038] Combination Figure 10The three-strand casting flat ingots are arranged vertically, with the narrow side contacting the conveyor rollers. A clamping method (clamping clamping device 2.3.4) is used to directly clamp the narrow side of the ingot. A tilting device 2.3.7 is also provided. After the material receiving device 2.3 tilts to a horizontal position, 2.3.7 flattens the ingots on both sides, while the middle ingot remains upright. An anti-tipping guide device 2.3.8 is also provided. The clamping spacing of the clamping devices is adjustable to accommodate changes in ingot size within a certain range. Furthermore, the clamping method must fully consider the passage space of the ingot guide base. Anti-tipping guides are required on the ingot conveyor rollers to prevent deviation and tipping of the middle ingot during transport. The lifting device for the middle ingot needs to clamp the large side for lifting.

[0039] Combination Figure 11-12 The clamping method for round ingots 4 is the same as that for flat ingots 3. Both side clamping and gripping clamping can be selected. When multiple round ingots are clamped from both sides, a fixed stop needs to be installed in the middle. The round ingot conveyor rollers can be made curved at the ingot position to prevent the ingots from deviating during conveying, or a guiding device can be used for guidance.

[0040] The preferred technical solution, combined with Figure 13-14 The ingot head and the heightening pad 2.5 are provided with a hook-shaped ingot head groove 2.5.1 at the end edge, and the lower mating surface between the formed ingot and the inner side of the ingot head groove 2.5.1 is an arc surface.

[0041] The main function of the dummy head is to guide the ingot. After the molten copper is poured into the crystallizer, the contact point between the molten copper and the dummy head solidifies and needs to be firmly connected to the dummy head. Otherwise, it will easily detach when being pulled down. The common practice is to set a dovetail or crescent-shaped notch at the end of the dummy head. After the molten copper is poured into the notch and solidifies, it can form a whole with the notch and will not detach when being pulled down.

[0042] However, traditional overhead crane lifting is vertical, and it is difficult to detach the ingot vertically regardless of the type of notch. Therefore, manual assistance is required. The overhead crane needs to drive the lifting clamps to shake the ingot so that it can be detached from the ingot head. This is labor-intensive and poses a significant safety hazard.

[0043] This utility model employs a material-supporting device to clamp and tilt the ingot, thus considering both horizontal and vertical ingot arrangement. Figure 11 The dummy ingot head groove 2.5.1 is shown in the diagram. The upper wall of the dummy ingot head groove 2.5.1 is equipped with an inverted hook structure. Therefore, after the metal solidifies, it can be firmly hung on the dummy ingot head to ensure that it will not separate when subjected to vertical force. In addition, the lower mating surfaces are all designed with a certain curvature (including the inverted hook). When the material receiving device rotates, there is no obstruction, and the ingot can be easily separated from the dummy ingot head.

[0044] Please see Figure 15-17The present invention also provides another embodiment, which is largely the same as the aforementioned embodiment, except that: an underground discharge roller conveyor 2.17 is provided inside the casting well, and a ground discharge roller conveyor 2.15 is provided on the ground. A hoisting lifting mechanism 2.16 is provided above the casting well for lifting the underground discharge roller conveyor 2.17 and the ingots on it. After the ingots are flipped in the underground discharge roller conveyor 2.17 inside the casting well, they are lifted to the ground by the hoisting lifting mechanism 2.16 and then transported through the ground discharge roller conveyor 2.15.

[0045] Combination Figure 16 In contrast Figure 2 The embodiment shown, Figure 15 The main difference in the embodiment shown is that the ingot is not pulled by a hydraulic cylinder at the bottom, but by an ingot pulling mechanism 6 at the bottom of the crystallizer 2.1. The ingot pulling mechanism 6 is driven by a motor to pull the ingot downward by a traction roller 6.1. A cooling water tank 5 is set above the ingot pulling mechanism 6. A drain outlet is set at the bottom of the cooling water tank 5 to collect secondary cooling water and return it to the circulating water pump station. A rubber seal is used between the bottom of the cooling water tank 5 and the ingot to prevent the water flow from affecting the bottom ingot pulling mechanism 6.

[0046] When using this scheme, a relatively long tilting ingot head 8 (approximately 4m) is required. For each casting operation, the overhead crane lifts the tilting ingot head 8 from the casting well opening and lowers it into the casting well. Finally, the ingot traction mechanism 6 clamps it, and the crystallizer trolley 2.2 is moved to the casting position for casting. After solidification, the ingot grows downwards under the traction of the ingot traction mechanism 6. Once the set length is reached, casting stops, and the ingot support device 2.3 clamps the ingot. Then, the ingot support device 2.3 moves up and down along the support device guide. Column 7 moves downward a certain distance to ensure that ingot 3 is completely detached from ingot traction mechanism 6 and its base plate. Then, under the drive of internal guide hydraulic cylinder 2.7, ingot supporting device 2.3 tilts to a horizontal position (a rotatable shaft is set between ingot supporting device 2.3 and the vertically moving guide column 7 for relative rotation operation), conveying the ingot to discharge roller conveyor 2.10 for discharge. The ingot supporting device 2.3 clamps the ingot, discharges it, and the ingot head is set in accordance with... Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 13 The same scheme applies.

[0047] Since this embodiment requires the installation of a cooling water tank 5, and the length of the flipping ingot head 8 should not be too long, otherwise the purpose of safe ingot removal from the bottom will be lost, this solution is only suitable for the production of copper and copper alloy ingots that are not cast in red ingots.

[0048] In this embodiment, a clamping device is set at a suitable position on the feeding roller 2.10 for the flipping ingot head 8, and an ejection device is set at the junction of the ingot head 2.9 and the ingot to eject and separate the ingot. Then the flipping ingot head 8 and the ingot are lifted out separately, and the flipping ingot head 8 is placed in the ingot head pit of the casting machine accessory for later use.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 17 Considering that the traction roller 6.1 of the ingot traction mechanism 6 is more suitable for traction of the narrow face of the ingot, the length of the traction roller 6.1 can be reduced, thus lowering the cost. Furthermore, the traction roller 6.1 needs to apply clamping force to the ingot surface, and the rotational traction of the ingot can cause indentations and cracks on the ingot surface. Clamping the narrow face can minimize the impact of the traction roller 6.1's crushing effect on the ingot surface. Therefore, the traction method of the ingot traction mechanism 6 is as follows: Figure 17 As shown, when pulling a single ingot or multiple ingots, the narrow side is pulled. Therefore, this embodiment is only suitable for pulling single-flow casting ingots and ingots with vertical arrangement in multi-flow casting.

[0050] The oil cylinders, hydraulic cylinders and other electrical equipment used in this application are all commonly used electronic components in the prior art. Their specific structures, working principles, control methods and circuit connections are all known technologies. This application does not innovate or improve on this part, and will not describe it in detail here.

[0051] The parts not disclosed in this utility model are all prior art, and their specific structures, materials, and working principles will not be described in detail. Although embodiments of this utility model have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this utility model, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A safe and efficient alloy bottom pit-drawing structure for casting, comprising a smelting furnace / pouring ladle (1) above a casting pit, characterized in that: Below the smelting furnace / pouring ladle (1) is an internally guided hydraulic vertical semi-continuous casting machine (2). The internally guided hydraulic vertical semi-continuous casting machine (2) includes a crystallizer (2.1) mounted on a crystallizer trolley (2.2). Inside the casting well is a cylinder sleeve (2.8), and inside the cylinder sleeve (2.8) is an internally guided hydraulic cylinder (2.7). The movable end of the internally guided hydraulic cylinder (2.7) is connected to the ingot head and raising pad (2.5) via an ingot base (2.6). 2.5) has a hook-shaped ingot head groove (2.5.1) at the end edge, and the lower mating surface of the ingot and the ingot head groove (2.5.1) after forming is an arc surface; an ingot support device (2.3) is movably installed inside the casting well. The ingot support device (2.3) is connected to the movable end of the support device tilting cylinder (2.4) set in the groove at the outlet of the casting well. The ingot support device (2.3) can drive the ingot to rotate 90° inside the casting well under the push of the support device tilting cylinder (2.4).

2. A safe and efficient alloy bottom ingot structure for casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The casting well outlet is equipped with a horizontal discharge roller conveyor (2.10) for conveying ingots.

3. A safe and efficient alloy bottom ingot structure for casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ingot support device (2.3) includes a support frame (2.3.1), a conveyor roller (2.3.2) is provided on the support frame (2.3.1), and a clamping device for clamping the ingot is provided on the support frame (2.3.1).

4. A safe and efficient alloy bottom ingot structure for casting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping device is a side clamping device (2.3.3) provided on both sides of the material support frame (2.3.1), and a clamping drive device (2.3.5) for driving the side clamping device (2.3.3) to move left and right is also provided on both sides of the material support frame (2.3.1).

5. A safe and efficient alloy bottom ingot structure for casting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping device is a gripping clamping device (2.3.4) installed on the upper side of the material support frame (2.3.1), and the material support frame (2.3.1) is also provided with clamping drive devices (2.3.5) on both sides for driving the gripping clamping device (2.3.4) to move up and down.

6. A safe and efficient alloy bottom ingot structure for casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-tipping device (2.9) is provided on the lower side of the operating table where the crystallizer trolley (2.2) is located, and the anti-tipping device (2.9) is located on both sides of the ingot.

7. A safe and efficient alloy bottom ingot structure for casting according to claim 6, characterized in that: A retractable secondary cooling water spray ring (2.12) is provided below the crystallizer (2.1), and an anti-tipping device (2.9) is provided at the bottom of the secondary cooling water spray ring (2.12).

8. A safe and efficient alloy bottom ingot structure for casting according to claim 6, characterized in that: The casting well is provided with a secondary water collection tank (2.14) on its side wall, and a drain outlet is provided at the bottom of the secondary water collection tank (2.14); an anti-tipping device (2.9) is provided at the bottom of the secondary water collection tank (2.14).

9. A safe and efficient alloy bottom ingot structure for casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the wellhead of the casting well is provided with a water-cooled protective wall plate (2.13), and cooling water is introduced into the water-cooled protective wall plate (2.13) to reduce the temperature.

10. A safe and efficient alloy bottom ingot structure for casting according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: A protective railing (2.11) is provided at the edge of the operating platform where the smelting furnace / pouring ladle (1) is located.

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