Anti-shrinkage mold for casting of fine hardware castings

Abstract

The utility model relates to hardware precision casting technical field, concretely relates to the anti -shrinkage hole mould for hardware precision casting casting, including mould block, support frame, square frame, moving mechanism and clamping mechanism, moving mechanism installs on support frame, is used for driving mould block to shake, clamping mechanism adjustably installs on square frame, is used for clamping the local cooling of iron block to mould block. The utility model shakes mould block through moving mechanism to improve the feeding flowability of metal liquid, and simultaneously realizes sequential solidification through the local cooling of iron block forced by clamping mechanism, solves the problem that the shrinkage cavity, shrinkage porosity defects of castings are easy to produce in the prior art, and the internal density of castings is improved obviously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of precision casting technology for hardware, and in particular to an anti-shrinkage mold for casting precision hardware. Background Technology

[0002] As key components in various mechanical equipment and daily necessities, precision castings directly affect the overall performance and service life of products due to their internal quality and dimensional accuracy. During the production process of precision casting, the molten metal shrinks in volume when it solidifies from a liquid state to a solid state. If the shrinkage area is not replenished with molten metal in a timely and effective manner, casting defects such as shrinkage cavities and porosity are easily formed in the final solidification part of the casting, which seriously affects the mechanical properties and density of the casting.

[0003] To address this issue, existing technologies typically employ risers for feeding. As a source of molten metal, risers deliver high-temperature molten metal into the casting as it solidifies and shrinks, filling the voids created by shrinkage. However, for some complex or unevenly thick metal castings, the static feeding effect of risers alone is limited. This is because the solidification process of castings is often not uniform. Some areas far from the riser may solidify later due to poor heat dissipation, causing the feeding channel of the riser to be blocked by the prematurely solidified areas. Consequently, the last solidified areas cannot be effectively fed, and shrinkage defects will still occur.

[0004] Further analysis reveals that during solidification, a large number of dendritic crystals form inside the molten metal. The growth and interlacing of these dendrites form a solid-phase framework, which not only hinders the flow of the remaining liquid metal but also divides the liquid phase into isolated regions. This significantly reduces the feeding capacity of the molten metal in the semi-solid region. Thus, existing technologies mainly rely on passive feeding methods, lacking active control over the solidification sequence of castings and failing to effectively improve the fluidity of semi-solid metals. Consequently, the feeding effect is poor, making it difficult to fundamentally and stably eliminate internal shrinkage defects in precision metal castings.

[0005] Therefore, this utility model proposes an anti-shrinkage mold for casting precision metal parts to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the problems in the existing technology of molds used for casting precision metal parts, such as the lack of active control over the solidification process of molten metal and the easy occurrence of shrinkage cavities and porosity defects in the castings, this utility model aims to provide a mold with an improved structure that can effectively solve the above problems for casting precision metal parts.

[0007] This utility model provides an anti-shrinkage mold for casting precision metal parts, comprising: a mold block, a support frame installed below the mold block, and a square frame connected to the support frame by a support rod; as well as a moving mechanism and a clamping mechanism.

[0008] The moving mechanism is mounted on the support frame and forms a transmission connection with the mold block to drive the mold block to shake.

[0009] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism is adjustablely mounted on the square frame. The clamping mechanism is used to clamp the iron block and bring the iron block close to a preset position of the mold block to achieve local cooling.

[0010] Preferably, the anti-shrinkage mold for casting precision metal parts further includes a support plate; the moving mechanism includes a motor mounted on the support plate, a rotating short column driven by the motor, a connecting rope wound around the rotating short column, and a moving cylinder connected to the other end of the connecting rope, the reciprocating motion of the moving cylinder driving the mold block to shake.

[0011] Preferably, the moving mechanism further includes a fixed frame mounted on the support frame and a moving block fixed on the moving cylinder; the moving block is slidably fitted within the fixed frame.

[0012] Preferably, the moving mechanism further includes a circular tube disposed within the support frame, a first spring disposed within the circular tube, and a fixing plate fixed to the moving cylinder; one end of the first spring is connected to the fixing plate and is used to pull the moving cylinder to reset when the motor stops.

[0013] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a square plate, clamping plates installed on both sides of the square plate and connected by a second spring, and a handle connected to the square plate; the clamping plates are used to clamp the iron block.

[0014] Preferably, the clamping mechanism further includes a fixed round rod installed at the bottom of the square plate and a support plate disposed on the fixed round rod, the support plate being used to support the iron block.

[0015] Preferably, the square frame has multiple circular holes; the clamping mechanism further includes a fixing block mounted on the square plate, the fixing block having a circular groove; the clamping mechanism further includes a locking rod for sequentially inserting into the circular groove and any of the circular holes to lock the square plate.

[0016] Preferably, the clamping mechanism further includes a hollow tube, which is sleeved on the outside of the second spring.

[0017] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. This utility model solves the problem in the prior art that the molten metal easily forms dendritic structures during the solidification process, which hinders the subsequent feeding and flow of the molten metal. It achieves the technical effect of breaking dendrites and improving the feeding efficiency of molten metal during casting, thereby effectively improving the internal density of the casting.

[0019] 2. This utility model solves the problem in the prior art that the solidification direction of castings is difficult to control and shrinkage defects are easily formed at the last solidification point by setting a clamping mechanism that can clamp the iron block and adjust its position. It achieves the technical effect of realizing the sequential solidification of castings through local quenching, thereby significantly reducing casting defects such as shrinkage cavities and porosity. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the anti-shrinkage cavity mold for casting precision metal parts proposed in this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a front view of the anti-shrinkage mold for casting precision metal parts proposed in this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a partial structural exploded view of the anti-shrinkage mold for casting precision metal parts proposed in this utility model.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the anti-shrinkage mold for casting precision metal parts proposed in this utility model.

[0024] Legend:

[0025] 1. Mold block; 2. Moving mechanism; 201. Motor; 202. Rotating short column; 203. Connecting rope; 204. Moving cylinder; 205. Fixed frame; 206. Moving block; 207. Fixed plate; 208. Circular tube; 209. First spring; 3. Clamping mechanism; 301. Square plate; 302. Fixed block; 303. Circular groove; 304. Fixed rod; 305. Hollow tube; 306. Second spring; 307. Clamping rod; 308. Circular hole; 309. Iron block; 310. Support plate; 311. Handle; 312. Clamping plate; 4. Square frame; 5. Support frame; 6. Support rod; 7. Supporting square plate. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0027] Example:

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The anti-shrinkage cavity mold for precision casting of hardware parts includes a mold block 1 for forming the casting and a support frame 5 installed below the mold block 1. The support frame 5 provides a stable installation foundation for the entire device and provides space for the arrangement of functional mechanisms. A support square plate 7 serving as an installation platform is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support frame 5. A square frame 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 5 via multiple support rods 6. The square frame 4 surrounds the lower outer periphery of the mold block 1. The mold block 1, support frame 5, support square plate 7, support rods 6, and square frame 4 together constitute the overall basic frame of the mold, which is used to support and integrate the anti-shrinkage cavity functional mechanism. A moving mechanism 2 and a clamping mechanism 3 are set on the basic frame. The moving mechanism 2 is integrally installed on the support frame 5 and support square plate 7, and the power output end of the moving mechanism 2 is connected to the mold block 1 to drive it. The shaking of mold block 1, through the shaking action applied during the casting process, can break the dendrites at the solidification front of the molten metal, refine the grains, and maintain good fluidity of the semi-solid molten metal, thereby more effectively filling the shrinkage areas of the casting. The clamping mechanism 3 is adjustablely mounted on the square frame 4. The clamping mechanism 3 is used to clamp an iron block 309 as a chilling block, and can easily adjust the position of the iron block 309 to be close to a specific outer wall area of ​​mold block 1. The iron block 309 provides forced local cooling to mold block 1, artificially establishing a temperature gradient and controlling the solidification sequence, guiding the solidification process toward the feeding channel. The dynamic feeding function provided by the moving mechanism 2 and the sequential solidification function provided by the clamping mechanism 3 work together to ensure the internal density of the casting from both dynamic and static aspects, effectively preventing the generation of shrinkage cavities and porosity defects.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4The moving mechanism 2 can improve the shaking of the mold block 1. The moving mechanism 2 mainly includes a power component set on the support plate 7 and a transmission and reset component installed in the support frame 5. The support plate 7 is installed at the bottom of the support frame 5. The motor 201 is vertically fixedly installed on the top surface of the support plate 7. The output axis of the motor 201 passes through the support plate 7 and is fixedly connected to the rotating short column 202. One end of the connecting rope 203 is fixed and wrapped around the outer peripheral wall of the rotating short column 202, and the other end of the connecting rope 203 extends horizontally and connects to the support plate 7. The moving mechanism 2 also includes a fixed frame 205 and a moving block 206; the fixed frame 205 is horizontally fixedly installed inside the support frame 5, and the moving block 206 is fixed to the moving cylinder 204, and the moving block 206 is slidably fitted into the inner cavity of the fixed frame 205; the moving mechanism 2 also includes a circular tube 208, a first spring 209, and a fixing plate 207; the circular tube 208 is horizontally fixedly installed inside the support frame 5 and is coaxially arranged with the fixed frame 205; the fixing plate 207 is fixed to one end of the moving cylinder 204; the moving mechanism 2 also includes a fixed frame 205 and a moving block 206; the fixed frame 205 is horizontally fixedly installed inside the support frame 5 and is coaxially arranged with the fixed frame 205; the moving block 206 is slidably fitted into the inner cavity of the fixed frame 205; the moving mechanism 2 also includes a circular tube 208, a first spring 209, and a fixing plate 207; the circular tube 208 is horizontally fixedly installed inside the support frame 5 and is coaxially arranged with the fixed frame 205; the fixing plate 207 is fixed to the moving cylinder 204. The other end of the movable cylinder 204; the first spring 209 is housed inside the circular tube 208, with one end of the first spring 209 abutting against the fixed plate 207 and the other end abutting against the inner wall end of the circular tube 208; when the motor 201 starts and rotates in the forward direction, the motor 201 drives the rotating short column 202 to rotate, and the rotating short column 202 pulls the movable cylinder 204 through the connecting rope 203, and the movable cylinder 204 drives the movable block 206 to overcome the elastic force of the first spring 209 within the fixed frame 205. The cylinder slides towards the motor 201; the movement of the cylinder 204 is connected to the mold block 1 via a transmission rod (not shown), driving the mold block 1 to shake; when the motor 201 stops or rotates in the reverse direction, the connecting rope 203 is released, the elastic energy stored in the first spring 209 is released, pushing the fixed plate 207 and causing the cylinder 204 to move in the reverse direction to reset; by periodically starting and stopping or reversing the motor 201, the reciprocating motion of the cylinder 204 can be achieved, thereby causing the mold block 1 to shake continuously.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 3The clamping mechanism 3 is adjustablely mounted on the square frame 4 for clamping the iron block 309. The clamping mechanism 3 includes a horizontally movable square plate 301. Clamping plates 312 are connected to both sides of the square plate 301 via second springs 306. The clamping plates 312 are used to elastically clamp the iron block 309 from both sides to ensure that the iron block 309 is securely fixed. The clamping mechanism 3 also includes a handle 311 fixedly connected to one end of the square plate 301. Operating the handle 311 can drive the square plate 301 to adjust its position on the square frame 4. To provide stable support for the iron block 309, the clamping mechanism 3 also includes two fixed round rods 304 mounted on the bottom of the square plate 301. A support plate 310 is horizontally mounted on the two fixed round rods 304. The iron block 309 is placed above the top surface of the support plate 310 and clamped by the clamping plates 312. The position of the clamping mechanism 3 is reliably locked. The square frame 4 has multiple circular holes 308 equidistantly spaced along its length. The clamping mechanism 3 also includes a fixing block 302 fixedly installed on the outside of the square plate 301. The fixing block 302 has a circular groove 303. The clamping mechanism 3 also includes a locking rod 307. When the square plate 301 is adjusted to a suitable position by the handle 311, the circular groove 303 on the fixing block 302 can be aligned with a certain circular hole 308 on the square frame 4. At this time, the locking rod 307 is inserted into the circular groove 303 and the circular hole 308 in sequence to lock the square plate 301. As a preferred protective structure, the clamping mechanism 3 also includes a hollow tube 305. The hollow tube 305 is respectively sleeved on the outside of the two second springs 306 to protect the second springs 306 and prevent impurities from entering or external impact.

[0031] Working principle: When the mold block 1 is used for precision machining of hardware, a support frame 5 is installed at the bottom of the mold block 1, and a square frame 4 is installed on the support frame 5, which is connected by a support rod 6. By operating the handle 311, the square plate 301 can be moved. A fixed block 302 is installed outside the square plate 301, and a circular groove 303 is provided on the fixed block 302. Multiple circular holes 308 are also provided at equal intervals on the square frame 4. After the position of the square plate 301 is adjusted, the locking rod 307 is sequentially engaged with the circular groove 303 and the circular holes 308 to lock them in place. Two fixed round rods 304 are installed at the bottom of the square plate 301, and a support plate 310 is installed outside the fixed round rods 304. Its function is to place the iron block 309. The second spring 306 installed on both sides of the square plate 301 is protected by the hollow tube 305. The other end of the second spring 306 is equipped with a clamping plate 312. The two clamping plates 312 on the side can firmly clamp the iron block 309. Through the clamping mechanism 3, the iron block 309 can play its role in accelerating cooling during the casting process, thereby realizing the sequential solidification of the casting and reducing casting defects such as shrinkage cavities and porosity.

[0032] By activating the motor 201 at the top of the support plate 7, the rotating short column 202 can be driven to rotate, which in turn causes the connecting rope 203 on its outer side to wind or unwind. The other end of the connecting rope 203 is connected to the movable cylinder 204, on which a movable block 206 is mounted, allowing it to move within the fixed frame 205. Inside the support frame 5, there is a circular tube 208, and inside the circular tube 208, there is a first spring 209. The other end of the first spring 209 is connected to the fixed plate 207 fixed on the movable cylinder 204, which allows the movable cylinder 204 to be pulled back to its original position when the motor 201 stops rotating. This achieves the effect of the moving mechanism 2, which allows the mold block 1 to shake during the casting process, causing relative movement of the molten metal within the mold block 1. This helps to break the dendritic structure in the molten metal, allowing the unsolidified molten metal to fill the shrinkage area of ​​the casting more effectively, thereby reducing the formation of shrinkage cavities and improving production efficiency.

Claims

1. A mold for preventing shrinkage holes in metal precision casting, comprising a mold block (1) and a support frame (5) installed below the mold block (1), wherein a square frame (4) is connected to the support frame (5) by a support rod (6); Its features are, The anti-shrinkage mold for casting precision metal castings also includes a moving mechanism (2) and a clamping mechanism (3); The moving mechanism (2) is mounted on the support frame (5) and forms a transmission connection with the mold block (1) to drive the mold block (1) to shake; The clamping mechanism (3) is adjustablely mounted on the square frame (4). The clamping mechanism (3) is used to clamp the iron block (309) and bring the iron block (309) close to the preset position of the mold block (1) to achieve local cooling.

2. The anti-shrinkage cavity mold for casting precision metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-shrinkage mold for casting precision metal parts also includes a support plate (7). The moving mechanism (2) includes a motor (201) mounted on the support plate (7), a rotating short column (202) driven to rotate by the motor (201), a connecting rope (203) wound around the rotating short column (202), and a moving cylinder (204) connected to the other end of the connecting rope (203). The reciprocating motion of the moving cylinder (204) drives the mold block (1) to shake.

3. The anti-shrinkage cavity mold for casting precision metal parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The moving mechanism (2) further includes a fixed frame (205) mounted on the support frame (5) and a moving block (206) fixed on the moving cylinder (204), wherein the moving block (206) is slidably fitted within the fixed frame (205).

4. The anti-shrinkage cavity mold for casting precision metal parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The moving mechanism (2) further includes a circular tube (208) disposed in the support frame (5), a first spring (209) disposed in the circular tube (208), and a fixing plate (207) fixed on the moving cylinder (204). One end of the first spring (209) is connected to the fixing plate (207) and is used to pull the moving cylinder (204) to reset when the motor (201) stops.

5. The anti-shrinkage cavity mold for casting precision metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism (3) includes a square plate (301), a clamping plate (312) installed on both sides of the square plate (301) and connected by a second spring (306), and a handle (311) connected to the square plate (301). The clamping plate (312) is used to clamp the iron block (309).

6. The anti-shrinkage cavity mold for casting precision metal parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism (3) further includes a fixed round rod (304) installed at the bottom of the square plate (301) and a support plate (310) disposed on the fixed round rod (304), the support plate (310) being used to support the iron block (309).

7. The anti-shrinkage cavity mold for casting precision metal parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The square frame (4) is provided with a plurality of circular holes (308). The clamping mechanism (3) further includes a fixing block (302) installed on the square plate (301). The fixing block (302) is provided with a circular groove (303). The clamping mechanism (3) further includes a locking rod (307) for sequentially inserting into the circular groove (303) and any of the circular holes (308) to lock the square plate (301).

8. The anti-shrinkage cavity mold for casting precision metal parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism (3) further includes a hollow tube (305), which is sleeved on the outside of the second spring (306).

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