A multi-stage impactor

Abstract

This invention provides a multi-stage impactor, comprising a primary impactor and a secondary impactor, coaxially arranged. The drilling diameter of the secondary impactor is larger than that of the primary impactor. The secondary impactor is a bundled impactor, comprising a base, secondary impactor units, a secondary stabilizer, and a connector. Multiple secondary impactor units are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the base. The secondary stabilizer and connector are located at the tail end of the base. The primary impactor is connected to the center of the head end of the base, and its internal air passage is connected to the internal air passage of the base. A primary drill bit is located at the head end of the primary impactor, and a primary stabilizer is located at the tail end. Compared with the prior art, the multi-stage impactor provided by this invention can form large-diameter holes in one pass with high hole straightness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of drilling equipment technology, and in particular to a multi-stage impactor. Background Technology

[0002] An impactor, as the name suggests, is a tool or device that uses impact energy to work. Its core principle is to convert the energy of a fluid (usually compressed air or high-pressure water) into high-frequency mechanical impact energy. It is a basic piece of equipment in drilling engineering and is mainly used for impact breaking of rock strata or demolition operations.

[0003] Currently, when drilling large-diameter holes, the common method is to first drill a small-diameter pilot hole using an impactor, and then use a hole reaming device to expand the hole by guiding it through the pilot hole. This method is not only cumbersome to operate and takes a long time to complete, but also results in poor straightness of the hole and high cost.

[0004] In addition, existing technologies also include structures that assemble roller cone reamers and impactors together. Although such structures can form large-diameter holes in one go, the roller cone reamer has a slow reaming speed, low reaming efficiency, and poor straightness of the formed hole.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a multi-stage impactor that can form large-diameter holes in one step and ensure the straightness of the holes is an urgent problem to be solved in this field. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the technical problems of existing technologies that require drilling a smaller pilot hole before reaming a larger hole during large-diameter hole drilling, which is cumbersome, time-consuming, results in poor hole straightness, and is costly, this invention provides a multi-stage impactor that combines an impactor for drilling the pilot hole with a binding impactor. This allows for the one-time formation of a large-diameter hole during drilling, eliminating the need to change drilling equipment mid-process. The method is simple, easy to operate, and offers fast drilling speed, high hole straightness, and reduced costs.

[0007] A multi-stage impactor includes a primary impactor and a secondary impactor, wherein the primary impactor and the secondary impactor are coaxially arranged, and the borehole diameter of the secondary impactor is larger than that of the primary impactor. The secondary impactor is a bundled impactor, which includes a base, a secondary impactor unit, a secondary stabilizer, and a connector. The secondary impactor unit is disposed in the base, and the drill bit of the secondary impactor unit is located at the front end of the base. Multiple secondary impactor units are provided, and the multiple secondary impactor units are distributed sequentially at intervals along the circumference of the base. The secondary stabilizer is disposed at the rear end of the base, and the connector is disposed at the rear end of the base. The first-stage impactor is connected to the center of the head end of the base, and the internal air passage of the first-stage impactor is connected to the internal air passage of the base. The head end of the first-stage impactor is provided with a first-stage drill bit, and the tail end of the first-stage impactor is provided with a first-stage stabilizer.

[0008] Preferably, the primary stabilizer includes multiple primary stabilizer units, which are arranged sequentially at intervals along the circumference of the primary impactor. A primary slag discharge trough is formed between two adjacent primary stabilizer units, and the drill bit of the secondary impactor unit is arranged corresponding to the primary slag discharge trough.

[0009] Preferably, alloy teeth are provided on the circumferential surface of the primary straightening unit.

[0010] Preferably, a secondary slag discharge channel is formed on the circumferential surface of the substrate, and the secondary slag discharge channel extends axially.

[0011] Preferably, multiple secondary slag discharge channels are provided, and the multiple secondary slag discharge channels are arranged sequentially at intervals along the circumference of the substrate; Along the circumference of the substrate, the secondary impactor unit is staggered with the secondary slag discharge trough.

[0012] Preferably, the secondary straightening device includes a support frame and a secondary straightening unit; The support is connected to the base; Multiple secondary straightening units are provided, and the multiple secondary straightening units are arranged sequentially and at intervals along the circumference of the base on the support.

[0013] Preferably, the secondary straightening unit is a cylindrical structure, and the secondary straightening unit is rotatably mounted on the support, with the rotation axis of the secondary straightening unit parallel to the central axis of the base.

[0014] Preferably, alloy teeth are provided on the circumferential surface of the secondary straightening unit.

[0015] Preferably, the secondary impactor unit and the secondary straightening unit are staggered along the circumferential direction of the substrate.

[0016] Preferably, there are three secondary impactor units and three secondary straightening units.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the multi-stage impactor provided by this utility model includes a primary impactor and a secondary impactor. The primary impactor and the secondary impactor are coaxially arranged, and the drilling diameter of the secondary impactor is larger than that of the primary impactor. The secondary impactor is a bundled impactor, which includes a base, a secondary impactor unit, a secondary stabilizer, and a connector. The secondary impactor unit is disposed in the base, and the drill bit of the secondary impactor unit is located at the beginning of the base. Multiple secondary impactor units are provided, and the multiple secondary impactor units are distributed sequentially and spaced apart along the circumference of the base. The secondary stabilizer is located at the end of the base, and the connector is located at the end of the base. The primary impactor is connected to the center of the beginning of the base, and the internal air passage of the primary impactor is connected to the internal air passage of the base. The beginning of the primary impactor is provided with a primary drill bit, and the end of the primary impactor is provided with a primary stabilizer. The multi-stage impactor includes a primary impactor and a secondary impactor. During large-diameter hole drilling, a small-diameter hole can be formed first using the primary impactor, and then drilling can continue until the large-diameter hole is formed directly using the secondary impactor. The primary impactor acts as a guide during the large-diameter hole formation, ensuring the straightness of the formed hole. Drilling does not require changing drilling equipment, allowing for the formation of a large-diameter hole in one pass. The method is simple, convenient, and fast, while also achieving high straightness and reducing costs. Furthermore, both the primary and secondary impactors are equipped with stabilizers at their tails to further ensure the straightness of the formed hole. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-stage impactor provided in one embodiment; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: Multi-stage impactor 100, primary impactor 10, primary drill bit 11, primary stabilizer 12, primary stabilizer unit 121, primary slag discharge trough 122, secondary impactor 20, base 21, secondary slag discharge trough 211, secondary impactor unit 22, secondary impactor drill bit 221, secondary stabilizer 23, support 231, secondary stabilizer unit 232, connector 24. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "mounted on", "fixed on", or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly set on the other component; when a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to the other component.

[0022] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application, provided that they do not affect the effects and purposes that this application can produce.

[0023] This utility model provides a multi-stage impactor, comprising a primary impactor and a secondary impactor. The primary and secondary impactors are coaxially arranged, and the borehole diameter of the secondary impactor is larger than that of the primary impactor. The secondary impactor is a bundled impactor, comprising a base, secondary impactor units, a secondary stabilizer, and a connector. The secondary impactor units are disposed within the base, with the drill bit of the secondary impactor unit located at the beginning of the base. Multiple secondary impactor units are arranged, spaced apart sequentially along the circumference of the base. The secondary stabilizer and the connector are located at the end of the base. The primary impactor is connected to the center of the beginning of the base, and its internal air passage is connected to the internal air passage of the base. The primary impactor has a primary drill bit at its beginning and a primary stabilizer at its end. The multi-stage impactor includes a primary impactor and a secondary impactor. During large-diameter hole drilling, a small-diameter hole can be formed first using the primary impactor, and then drilling can continue until the large-diameter hole is formed directly using the secondary impactor. The primary impactor acts as a guide during the large-diameter hole formation, ensuring the straightness of the formed hole. Drilling does not require changing drilling equipment, allowing for the formation of a large-diameter hole in one pass. The method is simple, convenient, and fast, while also achieving high straightness and reducing costs. Furthermore, both the primary and secondary impactors are equipped with stabilizers at their tails to further ensure the straightness of the formed hole.

[0024] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 In one embodiment, a multi-stage impactor 100 is provided, primarily to address the problems of existing technologies requiring the replacement of drilling equipment, resulting in cumbersome operation, long drilling time, poor hole straightness, and high costs during large-diameter hole drilling. The multi-stage impactor 100 has two impactors of different diameters arranged axially. During drilling, a small-diameter hole can be drilled first using the smaller diameter impactor at the front, followed by direct drilling of the large-diameter hole using the larger diameter impactor at the rear. This allows for one-time drilling of a large-diameter hole without the need to change drilling equipment, making operation more convenient, reducing drilling time and costs. Furthermore, the smaller diameter impactor at the front also acts as a guide during large-diameter hole drilling, thereby improving hole straightness.

[0025] The multi-stage impactor 100 includes a primary impactor 10 and a secondary impactor 20. The primary impactor 10 and the secondary impactor 20 are coaxially arranged, and the borehole diameter of the secondary impactor 20 is larger than that of the primary impactor 10.

[0026] The secondary impactor 20 is a bundled impactor, where a bundled impactor refers to a combined impactor that bundles multiple impactor units together to achieve large-diameter drilling. This is well-known in the art and will not be elaborated further here. The secondary impactor 20 includes a base 21, a secondary impactor unit 22, a secondary stabilizer 23, and a connector 24. The secondary impactor unit 22 is disposed within the base 21, and the drill bit 221 of the secondary impactor unit 22 is located at the beginning end of the base 21. In this embodiment, the beginning and end of a component refer to the two ends along the axial direction of the component, for example, such as... Figure 1 In the indicated angular direction, the beginning of a component refers to the left side, and the end of a component refers to the right side. Multiple secondary impactor units 22 are provided, arranged sequentially and at intervals along the circumference of the base 21. The secondary centralizer 23 is located at the end of the base 21, and the connector 24 is located at the end of the base 21. The main function of the connector 24 is to connect with other structures, and the connector 24 has an air passage interface, allowing high-pressure gas from an external air source to be transmitted to the base 21 through the air passage interface, and then transmitted through the internal air passage of the base 21 to the secondary impactor unit 22 and the primary impactor 10.

[0027] The primary impactor 10 is connected to the center of the front end of the base 21, and the internal air passage of the primary impactor 10 is connected to the internal air passage of the base 21. A primary drill bit 11 is provided at the front end of the primary impactor 10, and a primary stabilizer 12 is provided at the rear end of the primary impactor 10. Both the primary impactor 10 and the secondary impactor unit 22 can adopt existing impactor structures, each containing a piston. When high-pressure gas is injected into the primary impactor 10 and the secondary impactor unit 22, the pistons within them reciprocate, impacting the drill bit at the end to achieve drilling. This is well-known in the art and will not be elaborated further here.

[0028] When the multi-stage impactor 100 is in use, the high-pressure gas on the drilling rig is transmitted to the base 21 through the connector 24, and then to the primary impactor 10 and the secondary impactor unit 22, causing the drill bits of the primary impactor 10 and the secondary impactor unit 22 to impact the rock strata. Additionally, the drilling rig rotates the multi-stage impactor 100, which in turn drives the base 21 and the secondary impactor unit 22 inside the base 21 to rotate, subjecting the rock to impact force and rotational cutting force, achieving the purpose of rock breaking and completing the drilling of a large-diameter hole.

[0029] Understandably, during the drilling process, the multi-stage impactor 100 can first form a small-diameter hole through the first-stage impactor 10, and then continue drilling to directly enlarge the hole through the second-stage impactor 20 to the desired diameter, directly forming a large-diameter hole. During drilling, there is no need to change drilling equipment; a large-diameter hole can be formed in one go. The drilling method is simple, convenient, and the drilling speed is fast. When forming the large-diameter hole, the first-stage impactor 10 acts as a guide, ensuring the straightness of the formed hole and resulting in a high degree of straightness in the drilled large-diameter hole. Furthermore, both the first-stage impactor 10 and the second-stage impactor 20 are equipped with stabilizers at their tails, further ensuring the straightness of the formed hole. Preferably, in one embodiment, the primary straightener 12 includes a plurality of primary straightening units 121, which are arranged sequentially at intervals along the circumference of the primary impactor 10, and a primary slag discharge groove 122 is formed between adjacent primary straightening units 121. This structure not only facilitates the straightening of the primary impactor 10 during drilling, ensuring the straightness of the formed hole, but also facilitates slag discharge during the drilling process.

[0030] Preferably, in one embodiment, the drill bit 221 of the secondary impactor 20 is arranged corresponding to the primary slag discharge trough 122, thereby making the overall structure of the multi-stage impactor 100 more compact and facilitating the arrangement of the multi-stage impactor 100 structure.

[0031] Preferably, in one embodiment, alloy teeth are provided on the circumferential surface of the primary straightening unit 121, thereby improving the wear resistance and service life of the primary straightening unit 121. Furthermore, the alloy teeth, while improving the wear resistance of the primary straightening unit 121, also provide better stability and directional control capabilities.

[0032] Specifically, in one embodiment, three primary straightening units 121 are provided, and three primary slag discharge troughs 122 are formed at the primary straightener 12.

[0033] Preferably, in one embodiment, a secondary slag discharge groove 211 is formed on the circumferential surface of the substrate 21, and the secondary slag discharge groove 211 extends axially. By forming the secondary slag discharge groove 211 on the circumferential surface of the substrate 21, it is not only beneficial for slag discharge during the drilling process, but also eliminates the need for a complex slag discharge structure inside the substrate 21, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the multi-stage impactor 100.

[0034] Preferably, multiple secondary slag discharge channels 211 are provided, and these channels are arranged sequentially at intervals along the circumference of the base 21, thereby further improving slag discharge efficiency and effect. Along the circumference of the base 21, the secondary impactor unit 22 and the secondary slag discharge channels 211 are staggered, thereby avoiding interference between components and further improving the slag discharge effect.

[0035] Specifically, in one embodiment, the secondary slag discharge trough 211 is provided with three troughs.

[0036] Preferably, in one embodiment, the secondary straightener 23 includes a bracket 231 and secondary straightening units 232. The bracket 231 is connected to the base 21. Multiple secondary straightening units 232 are arranged sequentially and at intervals along the circumference of the base 21 on the bracket 231. The secondary straightening unit 232 is a component of the secondary straightener 23 used to contact the borehole wall during drilling, thereby achieving the straightening function. The bracket 231 is a component of the secondary straightener 23 used to support and mount the secondary straightening units 232.

[0037] Preferably, in one embodiment, the secondary straightening unit 232 has a cylindrical structure and is rotatably mounted on the bracket 231, with its rotation axis parallel to the central axis of the base 21. By rotatably mounting the secondary straightening unit 232, friction between the secondary straightening unit 232 and the hole wall can be reduced, resistance can be reduced, and wear can be further reduced, thereby improving service life.

[0038] Preferably, in one embodiment, alloy teeth are provided on the circumferential surface of the secondary straightening unit 232. Similarly, the alloy teeth not only improve the wear resistance of the secondary straightening unit 232, but also provide better stability and directional control.

[0039] Preferably, in one embodiment, the secondary impactor unit 22 and the secondary centralizer unit 232 are staggered along the circumference of the base 21, so that the rock-breaking load of the drill bit 221 of the secondary impactor unit 22 and the stabilizing support load of the secondary centralizer 23 are more evenly distributed on the circumference, avoiding stress concentration, extending the service life of the drill bit and the centralizer, achieving a smoother drilling process, drilling higher quality holes, and simultaneously protecting the multi-stage impactor 100.

[0040] Specifically, in one embodiment, three secondary impactor units 22 and three secondary straightening units 232 are provided.

[0041] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make improvements without departing from the inventive concept of this utility model, but these improvements all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-stage impactor, characterized by, It includes a primary impactor and a secondary impactor, wherein the primary impactor and the secondary impactor are coaxially arranged, and the borehole diameter of the secondary impactor is larger than that of the primary impactor. The secondary impactor is a bundled impactor, which includes a base, a secondary impactor unit, a secondary stabilizer, and a connector. The secondary impactor unit is disposed in the base, and the drill bit of the secondary impactor unit is located at the front end of the base. Multiple secondary impactor units are provided, and the multiple secondary impactor units are distributed sequentially at intervals along the circumference of the base. The secondary stabilizer is disposed at the rear end of the base, and the connector is disposed at the rear end of the base. The first-stage impactor is connected to the center of the head end of the base, and the internal air passage of the first-stage impactor is connected to the internal air passage of the base. The head end of the first-stage impactor is provided with a first-stage drill bit, and the tail end of the first-stage impactor is provided with a first-stage stabilizer.

2. The multi-stage impactor of claim 1, wherein, The primary stabilizer includes multiple primary stabilizer units, which are arranged sequentially at intervals along the circumference of the primary impactor. A primary slag discharge trough is formed between two adjacent primary stabilizer units, and the drill bit of the secondary impactor unit is arranged corresponding to the primary slag discharge trough.

3. The multi-stage impactor of claim 2, wherein, Alloy teeth are provided on the circumferential surface of the primary straightening unit.

4. The multi-stage impactor of claim 1, wherein, A secondary slag discharge channel is formed on the circumferential surface of the substrate, and the secondary slag discharge channel extends axially.

5. The multi-stage impactor of claim 4, wherein, Multiple secondary slag discharge channels are provided, and these channels are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the substrate. Along the circumference of the substrate, the secondary impactor unit is staggered with the secondary slag discharge trough.

6. The multi-stage impactor of claim 1, wherein, The secondary straightening device includes a support frame and a secondary straightening unit; The support is connected to the base; Multiple secondary straightening units are provided, and the multiple secondary straightening units are arranged sequentially and at intervals along the circumference of the base on the support.

7. The multi-stage impactor of claim 6, wherein, The secondary straightening unit is a cylindrical structure and is rotatably mounted on the support. The rotation axis of the secondary straightening unit is parallel to the central axis of the base.

8. The multi-stage impactor of claim 7, wherein, Alloy teeth are provided on the circumferential surface of the secondary straightening unit.

9. The multi-stage impactor of claim 6, wherein, Along the circumferential direction of the substrate, the secondary impactor unit and the secondary straightening unit are misaligned.

10. The multi-stage impactor of claim 6, wherein, The secondary impactor unit is provided in three parts, and the secondary straightening unit is provided in three parts.

Images