Automatic tightening device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic tightening device relates to automatic tightening device technical field, wherein, including base, synchronous unit, tightening unit and control unit, synchronous unit sets up in base, and synchronous unit includes clamping part, vertical adjusting part and horizontal adjusting part, and the extension end of vertical adjusting part is connected with horizontal adjusting part, and the extension end of horizontal adjusting part is connected with clamping part, and clamping part is used for clamping the spreader, and tightening unit includes at least three tightening mechanical arms, and is provided with shooting part on every tightening mechanical arm, and tightening mechanical arm, shooting part, vertical adjusting part and horizontal adjusting part all are with control unit signal connection. Synchronous unit, tightening unit and control unit mutually cooperate, and control unit coordinates the action logic of each unit, realizes the automatic tightening bolt of tightening mechanical arm, and does not need the manual tightening of operating personnel, and the labor cost is reduced greatly, and the labor intensity of operating personnel is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automatic tightening device technology, and in particular to an automatic tightening device. Background Technology

[0002] As core components of the chassis system, the reliability of the bolted connections of the front and rear suspensions directly affects the vehicle's safety, handling, and comfort.

[0003] Currently, tightening the bolts on the front and rear suspensions requires manual labor, and both sides of the vehicle need to be tightened. This requires a worker on each side to tighten the bolts, resulting in excessively high labor costs and excessive labor intensity for the workers.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new automatic tightening device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main purpose of this utility model is to propose an automatic tightening device, which aims to improve the technical problem of high labor costs and high labor intensity in tightening the bolts of the front and rear suspensions of automobiles in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an automatic tightening device, comprising: Base; A synchronization unit is disposed on the base. The synchronization unit includes a clamping component, a vertical adjustment component, and a horizontal adjustment component. The protruding end of the vertical adjustment component is connected to the horizontal adjustment component, and the protruding end of the horizontal adjustment component is connected to the clamping component. The clamping component is used to clamp the lifting device. A tightening unit, comprising at least three tightening robotic arms, each of which is equipped with a camera component; The control unit, the tightening robotic arm, the shooting component, the vertical adjustment component, and the horizontal adjustment component are all signal-connected to the control unit.

[0007] In one embodiment, the clamping component includes a mounting plate, a synchronizing block, and a hinge seat. The hinge seat is mounted on the mounting plate, the synchronizing block is rotatably mounted on the hinge seat, the protruding end of the horizontal adjustment component is connected to the mounting plate, and a clamping plate is provided on the horizontal adjustment component. The clamping plate and the synchronizing block are respectively used to abut against the opposite sides of the lifting device.

[0008] In one embodiment, a counterweight is provided at the end of the real-time synchronization block away from the real-time clamping plate, and the middle part of the real-time synchronization block is hinged to the real-time hinge seat.

[0009] In one embodiment, the horizontal adjustment component includes a first drive cylinder, a base plate, and a position detection switch. The cylinder body of the first drive cylinder is mounted on the base plate, the base plate is connected to the extended end of the vertical adjustment component, the mounting plate is slidably mounted on the base plate, the extended end of the first drive cylinder is connected to the mounting plate, the position detection switch is mounted on the base plate, the position detection switch is used to contact the mounting plate, and the position detection switch is signal-connected to the first drive cylinder through the control unit.

[0010] In one embodiment, a proximity switch is provided on the side of the clamping plate facing the synchronization block, and the proximity switch is signal-connected to the first drive cylinder through the control unit.

[0011] In one embodiment, the leveling component further includes an over-limit component, which includes an over-travel detection module, a telescopic rod, a detection block, and a fixing block. The fixing block is mounted on the base plate, and the telescopic rod is telescopically sleeved on the fixing block. The extension direction of the telescopic rod is the same as the extension direction of the extended end of the first drive cylinder. One end of the telescopic rod is used to abut against the mounting plate, and the detection block is disposed at the other end of the telescopic rod. The over-travel detection module is used to detect the position of the detection block, and the over-travel detection module is signal-connected to the control unit.

[0012] In one embodiment, the over-limit component further includes an elastic element and a vertical plate. The vertical plate has a telescopic hole. One end of the telescopic rod, which abuts against the mounting plate, is telescopically installed in the telescopic hole. The elastic element is sleeved on the telescopic rod. One end of the elastic element is connected to the fixing block, and the other end of the elastic element is connected to the vertical plate.

[0013] In one embodiment, the tightening unit further includes a buffer mechanism, which includes a telescopic carbon arm, a mounting base, a drive motor, a lead screw, and a sliding seat. The drive motor is mounted on the mounting base, which is mounted on the base. Two rotating seats are provided on the mounting base, and the two ends of the lead screw are rotatably disposed on the two rotating seats respectively. The drive motor is connected to the lead screw, and the sliding seat is threadedly connected to the lead screw. A first slide rail is formed on the mounting base along the length direction of the lead screw, and the sliding seat is slidably connected to the first slide rail. The two ends of the telescopic carbon arm are respectively connected to the sliding seat and the tightening mechanical arm.

[0014] In one embodiment, the mounting base is provided with two limit switches spaced apart along the length of the first slide rail, and both limit switches are signal-connected to the drive motor through the control unit.

[0015] In one embodiment, the automatic tightening device further includes a walking unit and a lifting unit. The walking unit includes an engine assembly and a drive wheel, with the engine assembly being kinetically connected to the drive wheel. The lifting unit includes a second drive cylinder and a support base. The cylinder body of the second drive cylinder is rotatably mounted on the support base, and the extension shaft of the second drive cylinder is rotatably connected to the engine assembly. A second slide rail is provided on the side of the support base opposite to the second drive cylinder, and the engine assembly is slidably connected to the second slide rail. The position detection switch is signal-connected to the second drive cylinder through the control unit.

[0016] In the above scheme, the automatic tightening device includes a base, a synchronization unit, a tightening unit, and a control unit. The synchronization unit is set on the base and includes a clamping component, a vertical adjustment component, and a horizontal adjustment component. The extended end of the vertical adjustment component is connected to the horizontal adjustment component, and the extended end of the horizontal adjustment component is connected to the clamping component. The clamping component is used to clamp the lifting device. The tightening unit includes at least three tightening robotic arms, and each tightening robotic arm is equipped with a camera component. The tightening robotic arms, camera component, vertical adjustment component, and horizontal adjustment component are all signal-connected to the control unit. Specifically, the automatic tightening device synchronizes with the vehicle spreader while waiting in place for it to enter the predetermined position. When the spreader enters the predetermined position, the synchronization unit starts operation. The vertical adjustment component drives the horizontal adjustment component to rise to the specified height. Subsequently, the horizontal adjustment component drives the clamping component to extend and clamp the spreader, achieving mechanical synchronization between the device and the spreader. After synchronization, the control unit coordinates the tightening robot arm according to the production instructions. The tightening robot arm moves to the bolt tightening position, and the imaging component takes a picture of the bolt position and transmits the image data to the control unit. The control unit adjusts the robot arm trajectory based on the image analysis results to ensure precise alignment of the sleeve and the bolt. After alignment, the control unit generates compensation data based on the image data and sends it to the tightening robot arm for trajectory correction and tightening operation. At least three tightening robots simultaneously or in a preset sequence perform tightening operations on the vehicle bolts until all bolts are tightened. After the operation is completed, the clamping component of the synchronization unit releases the spreader, the vertical and horizontal adjustment components reset, and the device returns to standby mode to wait for the next vehicle to enter. Each tightening robotic arm is equipped with a camera component, which, combined with the real-time trajectory adjustment function of the control unit, ensures the bolt alignment accuracy. The synchronization unit, through the cooperation of vertical and horizontal adjustment components, achieves a rigid connection with the lifting device, avoiding relative displacement between the equipment and the lifting device during operation, and ensuring the stability and consistency of the tightening process. The control unit, as the core hub, coordinates the action logic of each unit, and automatically tightens bolts through the operation of the tightening robotic arm, eliminating the need for manual tightening by operators, greatly reducing labor costs and the labor intensity of operators. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall layout of an embodiment of the automatic tightening device provided by this utility model; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the synchronization unit provided by this utility model; Figure 3 A top view of an embodiment of the synchronization unit provided by this utility model; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the buffer mechanism provided by this utility model; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the switching unit provided by this utility model; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of the walking unit and lifting unit provided by this utility model from one perspective; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the walking unit and lifting unit provided by this utility model from another perspective.

[0019] Explanation of icon numbers: 100. Automatic tightening device; 1. Base; 2. Synchronization unit; 21. Clamping component; 211. Mounting plate; 212. Synchronization block; 213. Hinge seat; 214. Counterweight block; 22. Vertical adjustment component; 221. Third drive cylinder; 222. Support part; 222a. Third slide rail; 223. Limit baffle; 23. Horizontal adjustment component; 231. Clamping plate; 231a. Proximity switch; 232. First drive cylinder; 233. Base plate; 234. Position detection switch; 235. Over-limit component; 235a. Over-travel detection module; 235b. Telescopic rod; 235c. Detection block; 235d. Fixing block; 235e. Elastic element; 235f. Vertical plate; 235g. Telescopic hole; 236. Drop plate; 3. Tightening unit 31. Tightening robotic arm; 32. Buffer mechanism; 321. Telescopic carbon arm; 322. Mounting base; 322a. Rotating base; 322b. Limit switch; 323. Drive motor; 324. Lead screw; 325. Sliding base; 4. Switching unit; 41. Fixed base; 411. Slot; 42. First position switch; 43. Placement block; 431. Placement slot; 44. Second position switch; 45. Indicator light; 5. Sleeve; 6. Walking unit; 61. Engine assembly; 62. Drive wheel; 621. Protruding plate; 7. Lifting unit; 71. Second drive cylinder; 72. Support base; 721. First connecting plate; 722. Second connecting plate; 722a. Second slide rail; 722b. Upper limit detection module; 722c. Lower limit detection module.

[0020] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0022] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0023] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0024] To achieve the above objectives, please refer to Figure 1This utility model provides an automatic tightening device 100, including a base 1, a synchronization unit 2, a tightening unit 3, and a control unit. The synchronization unit 2 is disposed on the base 1 and includes a clamping component 21, a vertical adjustment component 22, and a horizontal adjustment component 23. The extended end of the vertical adjustment component 22 is connected to the horizontal adjustment component 23, and the extended end of the horizontal adjustment component 23 is connected to the clamping component 21. The clamping component 21 is used to clamp the lifting device. The tightening unit 3 includes at least three tightening mechanical arms 31, and each tightening mechanical arm 31 is provided with a shooting component. The tightening mechanical arm 31, the shooting component, the vertical adjustment component 22, and the horizontal adjustment component 23 are all signal connected to the control unit. Specifically, while the automatic tightening device 100 is in place waiting for the vehicle spreader to enter the predetermined position, the device synchronizes with the spreader. When the vehicle spreader enters the predetermined position, the synchronization unit 2 starts operation, and the vertical adjustment component 22 drives the horizontal adjustment component 23 to rise to the specified height. Subsequently, the horizontal adjustment component 23 drives the clamping component 21 to extend and clamp the spreader, achieving mechanical synchronization between the device and the spreader. After synchronization is completed, the control unit coordinates the tightening robotic arm 31 to work according to the production instructions. The tightening robotic arm 31 moves to the bolt tightening position, and the imaging component takes pictures of the bolt position, transmitting the images. The data is transmitted to the control unit, which adjusts the robotic arm trajectory based on the image analysis results to ensure precise alignment between the sleeve 5 and the bolt. After alignment, the control unit generates compensation data based on the image data and sends it to the tightening robotic arm for trajectory correction and tightening. At least three tightening robotic arms 31 simultaneously or in a preset sequence tighten the vehicle bolts until all bolts are tightened. After the operation, the clamping component 21 of the synchronization unit 2 releases the lifting device, and the vertical adjustment component 22 and horizontal adjustment component 23 reset, returning the equipment to standby mode to await the next vehicle. Each tightening robotic arm 31 is equipped with a camera component, which, combined with the real-time trajectory adjustment function of the control unit, ensures bolt alignment accuracy. The synchronization unit 2, through the cooperation of the vertical and horizontal adjustment components 23, achieves a rigid connection with the lifting device, avoiding relative displacement between the equipment and the lifting device during operation, ensuring the stability and consistency of the tightening process. The control unit, as the core hub, coordinates the action logic of each unit, automatically tightening bolts through the operation of the tightening robotic arms 31, eliminating the need for manual tightening by operators, significantly reducing labor costs and the labor intensity of operators.

[0025] Please see Figure 1Furthermore, the automatic tightening device 100 also includes a switching unit 4, which is located on the base 1. Multiple sleeves 5 are mounted on the switching unit 4. The tightening robotic arm 31 can move to the switching unit 4 to fit one of the sleeves 5 onto the tightening robotic arm 31. The tightening robotic arm 31 then uses the sleeves 5 to tighten the bolts on the vehicle. Specifically, when the automatic tightening device 100 is in place waiting for the vehicle spreader to enter the predetermined position, the device synchronizes with the spreader. When the vehicle spreader enters the predetermined position, the synchronization unit 2 starts operation. The vertical adjustment component 22 drives the horizontal adjustment component 23 to rise to the specified height. Subsequently, the horizontal adjustment component 23 drives the clamping component 21 to extend and clamp the spreader, achieving mechanical synchronization between the device and the spreader. After synchronization is completed, the control unit coordinates the operation of the tightening unit 3 and the switching unit 4 according to production instructions. The tightening robotic arm 31 moves to the switching unit 4, where it completes tool replacement by fitting the corresponding type of sleeve 5. Then, the tightening robotic arm 31 moves to the bolt tightening position. The camera captures images of the bolt positions and transmits the image data to the control unit. The control unit adjusts the robotic arm trajectory based on the image analysis results to ensure precise alignment between the sleeve 5 and the bolt. After alignment, the control unit generates compensation data based on the image data and sends it to the tightening robot for trajectory correction and tightening operations. At least three tightening robotic arms 31 simultaneously or in a preset sequence tighten the vehicle bolts until all bolts are tightened. After the operation, the clamping component 21 of the synchronization unit 2 releases the lifting device, and the vertical adjustment component 22 and horizontal adjustment component 23 reset, returning the equipment to standby mode to await the next vehicle. Each tightening robotic arm 31 is equipped with a camera, which, combined with the real-time trajectory adjustment function of the control unit, ensures bolt alignment accuracy. The switching unit 4 allows for quick replacement of different sleeve models 5, enabling the device to adapt to various bolt specifications and enhancing its versatility.

[0026] Furthermore, the tightening gun is fixed on the flange of the tightening robot arm 31. Since the tightening gun plus the sleeve 5 is quite long, the gun body shakes beyond the alignment requirements during operation. Therefore, an axial stabilizing arm is added to fix the gun body, ensuring that the gun body is aligned with two points, reducing the amount of shaking, increasing the alignment success rate, and reducing the occurrence of tightening failures caused by the shaking of the sleeve 5. At the same time, when the rear suspension tightening operation cycle is not sufficient, the front suspension tightening robot arm can also perform rear suspension bolt tightening operations, avoiding the waste of time caused by the cycle.

[0027] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3In one embodiment, the clamping component 21 includes a mounting plate 211, a synchronizing block 212, and a hinge seat 213. The hinge seat 213 is mounted on the mounting plate 211, and the synchronizing block 212 is rotatably mounted on the hinge seat 213. The protruding end of the horizontal adjustment component 23 is connected to the mounting plate 211. A clamping plate 231 is provided on the horizontal adjustment component 23. The clamping plate 231 and the synchronizing block 212 are respectively used to abut against the two sides opposite to the lifting device. When a clamping command is received, the vertical adjustment component 22 pushes the horizontal adjustment component 23 upward, causing the clamping component 21 to rise to the synchronous position. Since the lifting device may come into contact with the top of the synchronous block 212 during this process, in order to prevent interference, the synchronous block 212 is hinged to the hinge seat 213, which causes the synchronous block 212 to rotate around the hinge seat 213. Then, the horizontal adjustment component 23 pushes the mounting plate 211 to extend, so that the lifting device is placed between the synchronous block 212 and the clamping plate 231. The synchronous block 212 rotates in the opposite direction around the hinge seat 213 and returns to its original position. Then, the extended end of the horizontal adjustment component 23 retracts, causing the synchronous block 212 to move toward the clamping plate 231. The synchronous block 212 and the clamping plate 231 come into contact with the two sides of the lifting device respectively, thereby clamping the lifting device. In this way, the automatic tightening device 100 can move synchronously with the lifting device. Synchronization block 212 is rotatably mounted via hinge seat 213. During the upward movement of horizontal adjustment component 23 driven by vertical adjustment component 22, if the lifting device comes into contact with the top of synchronization block 212, synchronization block 212 can rotate around hinge seat 213 to avoid the lifting device, preventing rigid collisions that could damage components or cause displacement of the lifting device, thus ensuring the safety of the mechanical structure during the docking phase. When the extended end of horizontal adjustment component 23 retracts, synchronization block 212 and clamping plate 231 abut from opposite sides of the lifting device, fixing the lifting device with symmetrical clamping force to prevent lateral or longitudinal displacement of the lifting device during subsequent tightening operations. This ensures that automatic tightening device 100 can stably follow the lifting device in synchronous movement, providing a rigid support foundation for bolt tightening. Horizontal adjustment component 23 simultaneously connects mounting plate 211 and clamping plate 231, achieving continuous pushing, extending, and retracting clamping actions through a single power source. This eliminates the need for additional drive components, reduces misalignment between components, and ensures a fast and reliable synchronization process.

[0028] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3Furthermore, a counterweight 214 is provided at the end of the synchronizing block 212 away from the clamping plate 231. The middle part of the synchronizing block 212 is hinged to the hinge seat 213. In this way, the vertical adjusting component 22 pushes the horizontal adjusting component 23 to move upward, so that the clamping component 21 rises to the synchronizing position. Since the lifting device may abut against the top of the synchronizing block 212 near the clamping plate 231 during this process, the synchronizing block 212 overcomes the gravity of the counterweight 214 and rotates around the hinge seat 213. Then the horizontal adjusting component 23... Pushing the mounting plate 211 outwards places the lifting device between the synchronizing block 212 and the clamping plate 231. Due to the gravity of the counterweight 214, the synchronizing block 212 rotates in the opposite direction around the hinge seat 213, returning to its original position. Then, the extended end of the horizontal adjustment component 23 retracts, causing the synchronizing block 212 to move towards the clamping plate 231. The synchronizing block 212 and the clamping plate 231 abut against the two sides of the lifting device, thereby clamping the lifting device. In this way, the automatic tightening device 100 can move synchronously with the lifting device. By setting the counterweight 214 on the side of the synchronizing block 212 away from the clamping plate 231, the automatic return of the synchronizing block 212 can be achieved, eliminating the need for other drive equipment and reducing manufacturing costs.

[0029] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the horizontal adjustment component 23 includes a first drive cylinder 232, a base plate 233, and a position detection switch 234. The cylinder body of the first drive cylinder 232 is mounted on the base plate 233, and the base plate 233 is connected to the extended end of the vertical adjustment component 22. The extended end of the first drive cylinder 232 is connected to the mounting plate 211, and the mounting plate 211 is slidably mounted on the base plate 233. The position detection switch 234 is mounted on the base plate 233 and is used to contact the mounting plate 211. The position detection switch 234 and the first drive cylinder 232 are connected by a control unit signal. When the lifting device is clamped, the first drive cylinder 232 is activated, its extended end retracts, and it moves the mounting plate 211. Since the clamping component 21 is mounted on the mounting plate 211, it moves towards the clamping plate 231. As the mounting plate 211 moves, when it contacts the position detection switch 234 mounted on the base plate 233, it indicates that the synchronizing block 212 and the clamping plate 231 have clamped the lifting device. The position detection switch 234 triggers a signal and transmits it to the control unit. Upon receiving the position signal, the control unit immediately stops the first drive cylinder 232. The position detection switch 234 achieves position detection through direct contact with the mounting plate 211, providing real-time feedback on the movement status of the mounting plate 211 to the control unit. The control unit precisely controls the stopping of the first drive cylinder 232 based on the signal.

[0030] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3In one embodiment, a proximity switch 231a is provided on the side of the clamping plate 231 facing the synchronization block 212. The proximity switch 231a is signal-connected to the first drive cylinder 232 via a control unit. When the lifting device approaches the proximity switch 231a, the proximity switch 231a is triggered, transmitting a signal to the control unit. The control unit then controls the vertical adjustment component 22 and the horizontal adjustment component 23 to operate, causing the synchronization block 212 and the clamping plate 231 to cooperate in clamping the lifting device. This eliminates the need for manual triggering of the clamping mechanism, achieving automatic clamping and further reducing the labor intensity of the operators.

[0031] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 Furthermore, the horizontal adjustment component 23 also includes an over-limit component 235, which includes an over-travel detection module 235a, a telescopic rod 235b, a detection block 235c, and a fixing block 235d. The fixing block 235d is mounted on the base plate 233. The telescopic rod 235b is telescopically sleeved on the fixing block 235d, and the extension direction of the telescopic rod 235b is the same as the extension direction of the extension end of the first drive cylinder 232. One end of the telescopic rod 235b is used to abut against the mounting plate 211, and the other end of the telescopic rod 235b is provided with a detection block 235c. The over-travel detection module 235a is used to detect the position of the detection block 235c. Under normal conditions, the over-travel detection module 235a and the detection block 235c are located on the same horizontal line. The over-travel detection module 235a is signal-connected to the control unit. When the extended end of the first drive cylinder 232 retracts, it drives the mounting plate 211 to move towards the telescopic rod 235b. When the mounting plate 211 abuts against the telescopic rod 235b, it pushes the telescopic rod 235b, causing the detection block 235c to move away from the fixed block 235d. This prevents the overtravel detection module 235a from detecting the detection block 235c, indicating that the fixed block 235d has overtraveled. The overtravel detection module 235a transmits a signal to the control unit, which then stops the first drive cylinder 232. When the first drive cylinder 232 retracts the mounting plate 211, if the mounting plate 211 moves beyond a preset stroke, it will abut against and push the telescopic rod 235b, causing the detection block 235c to move away from the fixed block 235d along with the telescopic rod 235b. At this time, the overtravel detection module 235a, which was originally at the same level as the detection block 235c, immediately sends an overtravel signal to the control unit because it cannot detect the detection block 235c. The control unit then controls the first drive cylinder 232 to stop running to prevent the mounting plate 211 from colliding with the parts due to excessive movement, and to prevent the clamping force between the synchronizing block 212 and the clamping plate 231 from being too large, which could lead to damage to the lifting device or damage to the synchronizing block 212 and the clamping plate 231.

[0032] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3Furthermore, the over-limit component 235 also includes an elastic element 235e and a vertical plate 235f. The vertical plate 235f has a telescopic hole 235g. The telescopic rod 235b, with one end abutting against the mounting plate 211, is telescopically installed in the telescopic hole 235g. The elastic element 235e is sleeved on the telescopic rod 235b. One end of the elastic element 235e is connected to the fixing block 235d, and the other end of the elastic element 235e is connected to the vertical plate 235f. When the mounting plate 211 abuts against the telescopic rod 235b, pushing the telescopic rod 235b back into the telescopic hole 235g, the mounting plate 211 may abut against the vertical plate 235f. A collision will occur between the mounting plate 211 and the vertical plate 235f. The elastic element 235e can buffer this impact force, protecting the entire over-limit component 235 from rigid impact.

[0033] Please see Figure 2 Furthermore, the vertical adjustment component 22 includes a third drive cylinder 221, a support part 222, and a limiting baffle 223. Both the third drive cylinder 221 and the support part 222 are mounted on the base 1. The support part 222 is provided with a third slide rail 222a arranged vertically. The horizontal adjustment component 23 also includes a drop plate 236, which is vertically positioned below the base plate 233 and slidably connected to the third slide rail 222a. The extended end of the third drive cylinder 221 is connected to the base plate 233, and the limiting baffle 223 is mounted on the base 1 and abuts against the drop plate 236. When a vertical adjustment command is received, the third drive cylinder 221 is activated, and its extended end pushes the connected base plate 233 to move vertically. The base plate 233 then drives the drop plate 236 below it to move synchronously. Since the drop plate 236 is slidably connected along the third slide rail 222a on the support 222, the drop plate 236 rises or falls stably under the guidance of the third slide rail 222a, realizing the overall vertical displacement of the horizontal adjustment component 23. When the base plate 233 moves the drop plate 236 to the preset position, the drop plate 236 abuts against the limiting baffle 223 on the base 1. The limiting baffle 223 restricts the drop plate 236 from moving further through mechanical contact, and the third drive cylinder 221 stops operating, completing the vertical position adjustment. The third slide rail 222a on the support 222 is set in the vertical direction, and the drop plate 236 is slidably connected to the slide rail, providing rigid guiding constraints for the vertical movement of the horizontal adjustment component 23, effectively avoiding lateral displacement caused by gravity or external force during movement, and ensuring the straightness and positional accuracy of the vertical displacement. The limiting baffle 223 is set on the base 1 and abuts against the drop plate 236 to form a hard limiting mechanism, which can directly prevent the third drive cylinder 221 from over-extending or retracting due to control error or air pressure fluctuation, prevent the drop plate 236, the base plate 233 from rigidly colliding with the base 1 or other components, and protect the mechanical structure of the vertical adjustment component 22 from damage.

[0034] Please see Figure 4 In one embodiment, the tightening unit 3 further includes a buffer mechanism 32, which includes a telescopic carbon arm 321, a mounting base 322, a drive motor 323, a lead screw 324, and a sliding seat 325. The drive motor 323 is mounted on the mounting base 322, which is mounted on the base 1. Two rotating seats 322a are provided on the mounting base 322. The two ends of the lead screw 324 are rotatably mounted on the two rotating seats 322a respectively. The output shaft of the drive motor 323 is connected to one end of the lead screw 324 through a coupling. The sliding seat 325 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 324 through a threaded hole. A first slide rail 322c is formed on the mounting base 322 along the length direction of the lead screw 324. The sliding seat 325 is slidably connected to the first slide rail 322c. The two ends of the telescopic carbon arm 321 are connected to the sliding seat 325 and the tightening mechanical arm 31 respectively. During the tightening operation, a resistance opposite to the tightening direction is applied to the tightening robotic arm 31. By setting up a telescopic carbon arm 321 and connecting it to the tightening robotic arm 31, the resistance is transmitted to the telescopic carbon arm 321, causing it to retract and thus buffering the force and preventing damage to the tightening robotic arm 31. At the same time, as the working end of the tightening robotic arm 31 moves to different positions to achieve tightening, the control unit synchronously controls the drive motor 323 to run, causing the sliding seat 325 to move on the lead screw 324. This allows the telescopic carbon arm 321 to cooperate with the tightening robotic arm 31 in real time, preventing buffering failure caused by the telescopic carbon arm 321 stretching or retracting.

[0035] Please see Figure 4 In one embodiment, the mounting base 322 is provided with two limit switches 322b spaced apart along the length of the first slide rail. Both limit switches 322b are signal-connected to the drive motor 323 via a control unit. The two limit switches 322b limit the movement position of the sliding seat 325, covering every tightening operation position of the tightening robot arm 31, ensuring the normal use of the telescopic carbon arm 321, and preventing the telescopic carbon arm 321 from being overstretched or retracted due to the sliding seat 325 moving beyond its limit.

[0036] Please see Figure 5In one embodiment, the switching unit 4 includes a fixed base 41 and a first positioning switch 42. The fixed base 41 is provided with a plurality of spaced slots 411. The number of first positioning switches 42 is equal to the number of slots 411. A sleeve 5 is engaged in a slot 411, with the mounting end of the sleeve 5 facing the base 1. The first positioning switches 42 are located on the fixed base 41 and close to the mounting end of the sleeve 5. The first positioning switches 42 are used to detect whether the tightening robotic arm 31 is in position. The first positioning switches 42 are signal-connected to the tightening robotic arm 31 through a control unit. When the control unit receives the model of the vehicle being tightened, the control unit controls the tightening robotic arm 31 to switch to the corresponding sleeve 5. The tightening robotic arm 31 moves to the area corresponding to the target slot 411 of the fixed base 41. The target slot 411 is engaged with the sleeve 5 to be switched, with the mounting end of the sleeve 5 facing the base 1. As the tightening robotic arm 31 moves towards the mounting end of the target sleeve 5, when the robotic arm reaches the preset docking position, the first positioning switch 42 near the slot 411 detects that the tightening robotic arm 31 has reached its position, triggers a signal, and transmits it to the control unit. After receiving the positioning signal, the control unit controls the tightening robotic arm 31 to dock with the mounting end of the target sleeve 5. Subsequently, the tightening robotic arm 31 enters the work preparation state, completing the sleeve 5 switching process. Multiple slots 411 spaced apart on the fixed base 41 can simultaneously engage sleeves 5 of different specifications. The control unit drives the tightening robotic arm 31 to switch to the sleeve 5 corresponding to the target slot 411, eliminating the need for manual disassembly and replacement of the sleeve 5. This meets diverse tightening operation needs and improves the equipment's adaptability to different workpieces. The number of first positioning switches 42 is equal to the number of slots 411 and they are located near the mounting end of the sleeve 5. Each slot 411 corresponds to an independent positioning detection point. When the tightening robotic arm 31 moves to the target sleeve 5, the first positioning switch 42 corresponding to the slot 411 can directly detect whether the robotic arm has reached the preset docking position, avoiding misalignment of the sleeve 5 caused by the movement of the robotic arm, ensuring accurate docking between the robotic arm and the mounting end of the sleeve 5 during the switching process, and reducing the docking failure rate. The sleeve 5 is fixed to the slot 411 by a snap-fit ​​method, with the mounting end facing the base 1. The robotic arm only needs to dock from the mounting end to complete the switching. The structure is simple and facilitates the pre-installation and maintenance of the sleeve 5. The first positioning switch 42, the control unit, and the tightening robotic arm 31 form a signal closed loop, eliminating the need for manual observation or manual calibration of the robotic arm position, realizing fully automatic control of the sleeve 5 switching, reducing manual intervention, and improving switching efficiency.

[0037] Please see Figure 5In one embodiment, the switching unit 4 further includes placement blocks 43, the number of which is equal to the number of slots 411. Multiple placement blocks 43 are spaced apart on the fixed base 41, and each placement block 43 corresponds to one slot 411. Each placement block 43 has a placement groove, and the working end of the sleeve 5 engages with the placement groove. The placement blocks 43 and slots 411 are spaced apart and correspond one-to-one. The placement grooves are used to engage the working end of the sleeve 5, providing a double positioning constraint. The working end of the sleeve 5 is fixed by the placement grooves. Combined with the engagement relationship with the slots 411, the axial and radial positions of the sleeve 5 on the fixed base 41 are restricted, preventing the sleeve 5 from tilting, shifting, or shaking due to its own weight or slight external vibrations, ensuring the sleeve 5 maintains a stable posture when not in operation. Simultaneously, the engagement and fixation of the working end by the placement grooves ensures the orientation and positional accuracy of the working end of the sleeve 5. Since the working end is the critical part where the sleeve 5 directly contacts the bolt, its positional stability directly affects the accuracy of the connection during tightening. The placement slot uses physical locking to keep the working end in a preset orientation, avoiding misalignment between the sleeve 5 and the bolt during subsequent tightening due to working end offset, thus improving the reliability of the tightening operation. In addition, multiple placement blocks 43 are spaced apart, making the working ends of each sleeve 5 independent of each other, avoiding collisions or interference between the working ends of sleeves 5 of different specifications due to insufficient spacing. Especially during the process of the robotic arm switching sleeves 5, it can reduce the interference of adjacent sleeves 5 on the docking path of the target sleeve 5, further ensuring the smoothness of the switching process.

[0038] Please see Figure 5In one embodiment, the switching unit 4 further includes a second position switch 44 and an indicator light 45. The number of second position switches 44 and the number of indicator lights 45 are equal to the number of slots 411. The second position switches 44 are mounted on the fixed base 41 and are positioned close to the slots 411. The second position switches 44 are used to detect whether a sleeve 5 is installed on the corresponding slot 411. The indicator lights 45 are mounted on the placement block 43. The second position switches 44 are signal-connected to the indicator lights 45 through the control unit. The second position switches 44, mounted on the fixed base 41 and positioned close to the slots 411, can perform one-to-one sleeve 5 installation status detection for each slot 411. When a sleeve 5 is engaged in the corresponding slot 411, the second position switch 44 triggers a detection signal; if there is no sleeve 5, there is no signal output. This design can accurately identify whether a sleeve 5 is present in each slot 411, avoiding the tightening robot arm 31 from switching to an empty slot 411 due to misjudgment, reducing invalid movement or docking failure, and improving the reliability of sleeve 5 switching. Meanwhile, indicator lights 45 are installed on placement blocks 43 corresponding one-to-one with slots 411. They receive detection signals from the second position switch 44 via the control unit and display the status synchronously. Operators can intuitively and quickly grasp the sleeve 5 configuration of all slots 411 through the indicator lights 45, eliminating the need for manual inspection of each slot 411. This significantly improves the efficiency of confirming the status before sleeve 5 replacement, replenishment, or switching, and reduces human error. Furthermore, the signal closed loop between the second position switch 44 and the indicator lights 45 achieves automated monitoring and visual feedback of the sleeve 5 status, reducing reliance on manual inspection. When a sleeve 5 is missing from a slot 411, the corresponding indicator light 45 will not illuminate, promptly reminding the operator to replenish it. This avoids interruptions in the switching process or delays in tightening operations due to missing sleeves 5, ensuring the continuity and stability of the overall operation.

[0039] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7In one embodiment, the automatic tightening device 100 further includes a walking unit 6 and a lifting unit 7. The walking unit 6 includes an engine assembly 61 and a drive wheel 62, which are connected in a transmission manner. The lifting unit 7 includes a second drive cylinder 71 and a support base 72. The support base 72 includes a first connecting plate 721 and a second connecting plate 722 that are perpendicularly connected to each other. The cylinder body of the second drive cylinder 71 is rotatably mounted on the first connecting plate 721. The extension shaft of the second drive cylinder 71 is rotatably connected to the engine assembly 61. A second slide rail 722a is provided on the side of the second connecting plate 722 away from the second drive cylinder 71. The engine assembly 61 is slidably connected to the second slide rail 722a. The position detection switch 234 is connected to the second drive cylinder 71 via a control unit signal. When the automatic tightening device 100 is not synchronized with the spreader, the drive wheel 62 is in contact with the bottom surface, and the engine assembly 61 drives the drive wheel 62 to move, which in turn moves the automatic tightening device 100. When the automatic tightening device 100 is synchronized with the spreader, the extension shaft of the second drive cylinder 71 retracts, causing the engine assembly 61 to move upward along the second slide rail 722a. This causes the drive wheel 62 to disengage from the bottom surface. At this time, the movement of the automatic tightening device 100 is dragged forward by the spreader, and the drive wheel 62 becomes ineffective. After all tightening operations are completed, the automatic tightening device 100 loses its power source when it is in synchronous contact with the spreader. The extension shaft of the second drive cylinder 71 extends, pushing the engine assembly 61 downward along the second slide rail 722a, causing the drive wheel 62 to contact the ground. The automatic tightening device 100 needs the drive wheel 62 to provide power to move backward back to the standby position to wait for the next vehicle to enter the work area. In this embodiment, the automatic tightening device 100 is moved by being dragged by the spreader, which reduces operating costs.

[0040] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 Furthermore, the second connecting plate 722 is equipped with an upper limit detection module 722b and a lower limit detection module 722c spaced vertically apart. A protruding plate 621 is provided on the aircraft plate of the drive wheel 62. The upper limit detection module 722b and the lower limit detection module 722c are used to sense the position of the protruding plate 621. The second drive cylinder 71, the upper limit detection module 722b, and the lower limit detection module 722c are all signal-connected to the control unit. The upper limit detection module 722b and the lower limit detection module 722c control the movement range of the drive wheel 62, preventing the engine assembly 61 and the drive wheel 62 from moving beyond their limits, thereby preventing rigid impacts on the components.

[0041] The above are merely exemplary embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of this utility model and the contents of this utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. An automatic tightening device, characterized by, include: Base; A synchronization unit is disposed on the base. The synchronization unit includes a clamping component, a vertical adjustment component, and a horizontal adjustment component. The protruding end of the vertical adjustment component is connected to the horizontal adjustment component, and the protruding end of the horizontal adjustment component is connected to the clamping component. The clamping component is used to clamp the lifting device. A tightening unit, comprising at least three tightening robotic arms, each of which is equipped with a camera component; The control unit, the tightening robotic arm, the shooting component, the vertical adjustment component, and the horizontal adjustment component are all signal-connected to the control unit.

2. The automatic tightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that The clamping component includes a mounting plate, a synchronizing block, and a hinge seat. The hinge seat is mounted on the mounting plate, and the synchronizing block is rotatably mounted on the hinge seat. The protruding end of the horizontal adjustment component is connected to the mounting plate. The horizontal adjustment component is provided with a clamping plate. The clamping plate and the synchronizing block are respectively used to abut against the opposite sides of the lifting device.

3. The automatic tightening device according to claim 2, characterized in that A counterweight is provided at the end of the real-time synchronization block away from the real-time clamping plate, and the middle part of the real-time synchronization block is hinged to the real-time hinge seat.

4. The automatic tightening device of claim 2, wherein The horizontal adjustment component includes a first drive cylinder, a base plate, and a position detection switch. The cylinder body of the first drive cylinder is mounted on the base plate, and the base plate is connected to the extended end of the vertical adjustment component. The mounting plate is slidably mounted on the base plate, and the extended end of the first drive cylinder is connected to the mounting plate. The position detection switch is mounted on the base plate and is used to contact the mounting plate. The position detection switch and the first drive cylinder are connected via a signal from the control unit.

5. The automatic tightening device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A proximity switch is provided on the side of the clamping plate facing the synchronization block, and the proximity switch is signal-connected to the first drive cylinder through the control unit.

6. The automatic tightening device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The leveling component also includes an over-limit component, which includes an over-travel detection module, a telescopic rod, a detection block, and a fixing block. The fixing block is installed on the base plate, and the telescopic rod is telescopically sleeved on the fixing block. The extension direction of the telescopic rod is the same as the extension direction of the extension end of the first drive cylinder. One end of the telescopic rod is used to abut against the mounting plate, and the detection block is disposed at the other end of the telescopic rod. The over-travel detection module is used to detect the position of the detection block, and the over-travel detection module is signal-connected to the control unit.

7. The automatic tightening device according to claim 6, characterized in that The over-limit component also includes an elastic element and a vertical plate. The vertical plate has a telescopic hole. The telescopic rod is telescopically installed in the telescopic hole at one end, which abuts against the mounting plate. The elastic element is sleeved on the telescopic rod. One end of the elastic element is connected to the fixing block, and the other end of the elastic element is connected to the vertical plate.

8. The automatic tightening device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The tightening unit further includes a buffer mechanism, which includes a telescopic carbon arm, a mounting base, a drive motor, a lead screw, and a sliding seat. The drive motor is mounted on the mounting base, which is mounted on the base. The mounting base has two rotating seats, and the two ends of the lead screw are rotatably mounted on the two rotating seats. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the lead screw, and the sliding seat is threadedly connected to the lead screw. A first slide rail is formed on the mounting base along the length of the lead screw, and the sliding seat is slidably connected to the first slide rail. The two ends of the telescopic carbon arm are connected to the sliding seat and the tightening mechanical arm, respectively.

9. The automatic tightening device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The mounting base is provided with two limit switches spaced apart along the length of the first slide rail, and both limit switches are signal-connected to the drive motor through the control unit.

10. The automatic tightening device of claim 4, wherein The automatic tightening device further includes a walking unit and a lifting unit. The walking unit includes an engine assembly and a drive wheel. The engine assembly is pulsatorically connected to the drive wheel. The lifting unit includes a second drive cylinder and a support base. The cylinder body of the second drive cylinder is rotatably mounted on the support base. The extension shaft of the second drive cylinder is rotatably connected to the engine assembly. A second slide rail is provided on the side of the support base opposite to the second drive cylinder. The engine assembly is slidably connected to the second slide rail. The position detection switch is signal-connected to the second drive cylinder through the control unit.

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