Fixing clamp for machining small-sized parts of automobile

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of fixing clamps for automobile small-size part processing, including base, the base upper shaft slidingly equipped with sliding seat, fixed clamp seat is connected on the sliding seat, the end of base is equipped with fixed support plate, the fixed support plate is equipped with hydraulic cylinder, the output end of hydraulic cylinder is connected with sliding seat, the two sides of fixed clamp seat are fixed with first limit plate and second limit plate, threaded rod is threadedly connected on the first limit plate, one end of threaded rod is rotatably connected with pressure block, the other end of threaded rod is equipped with rotating handle, pressure block and second limit plate are also equipped with pressure clamp between, the pressure clamp includes first clamp block and second clamp block, first clamp block and second clamp block are formed with fixed groove after combination, which is compatible with the appearance of small-size part, and the scheme can accurately and reliably fix small-size part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of automotive parts processing technology, specifically relating to a fixing fixture for processing small automotive parts. Background Technology

[0002] Automotive parts are the various units that make up the overall automotive parts processing and the products that serve automotive parts processing. In the automotive parts processing process, it is often necessary to position the workpiece to be processed on a fixture table. After the workpiece is positioned, milling operations can be performed.

[0003] Chinese Patent Application No. 2020205572722 discloses a simple automotive welding fixture, including a base, a handrail fixedly installed on one side of the base, support plates fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the base, and clamping components provided on the top of the support plates; a hydraulic cylinder fixedly installed in the middle of the base, the pushing end of the hydraulic cylinder extending to the top of the base and fixedly installed on a base plate, and positioning components fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the base plate; an automotive part is placed on the base plate, and the upper and lower ends of the automotive part are clamped by two clamping components and positioning components respectively.

[0004] The above solution achieves clamping stability during welding of automotive parts by combining clamping and positioning components. However, in the machining of automotive parts, especially in the milling and chamfering of small precision parts, traditional fixtures, which are usually fixed fixtures or special molds, suffer from insufficient positioning accuracy and the workpiece is easily displaced by cutting forces. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model discloses a fixing fixture for processing small automotive parts, comprising a base, a sliding seat slidably mounted on the upper part of the base, a fixed clamping seat connected to the sliding seat, a fixed support plate at the end of the base, a hydraulic cylinder mounted on the fixed support plate, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder connected to the sliding seat, a first limiting plate and a second limiting plate fixedly mounted on both sides of the fixed clamping seat, a threaded rod threadedly connected to the first limiting plate, a pressure block rotatably connected to one end of the threaded rod, the pressure block being located between the first limiting plate and the second limiting plate and slidably mounted on the fixed clamping seat, a rotating handle at the other end of the threaded rod, and a pressure clamping fixture between the pressure block and the second limiting plate, the pressure clamping fixture comprising a first clamping block and a second clamping block, which, when combined, form a fixing groove adapted to the shape of the small-sized part.

[0006] Preferably, the base has two parallel slide rails, and the bottom sides of the front end of the sliding seat are provided with a first roller and a second roller that rotate horizontally, with the first roller and the second roller respectively abutting against the inner sides of the two slide rails. The bottom sides of the sliding seat are also provided with guide sliders, and the two guide sliders abut against the outer sides of the two slide rails.

[0007] Preferably, a limit sensor is provided on the side of the base away from the fixed support plate. The limit sensor is used to detect the extreme position of the sliding seat and send a signal to the hydraulic cylinder control system.

[0008] Preferably, the first clamping block is provided with a guide rod, and the second clamping block is provided with a corresponding guide groove.

[0009] Preferably, a thin-film pressure sensor is provided on the side of the second clamp block opposite to the second limiting plate.

[0010] The advantages of this utility model are: 1. This solution, through the combined use of pressure blocks and pressure fixtures, can simultaneously achieve stable clamping and precise positioning when clamping workpieces, ensuring that small precision parts will not be displaced due to cutting forces during milling, chamfering and other machining processes, thereby guaranteeing positioning accuracy and stability during machining.

[0011] 2. This design adopts a modular and replaceable fixture block structure. Small parts of different shapes and sizes can be matched and clamped simply by replacing or recombining the fixture blocks, without the need to replace the entire fixture. This greatly shortens the clamping preparation time, reduces the number of fixtures and manufacturing costs, while maintaining the positioning accuracy for repeated clamping.

[0012] 3. This solution integrates a thin-film pressure sensor into the fixture to achieve real-time monitoring and feedback control of the clamping force, avoiding excessive clamping force that could cause part deformation or insufficient clamping force that could cause part loosening, thereby improving the safety of the processing and the stability of product quality. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a side view of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 This is the main structural view of the present utility model.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the pressure clamp of this utility model.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Base, 2. Sliding seat, 3. Fixed clamp, 4. Fixed support plate, 5. Hydraulic cylinder, 6. First limit plate, 7. Second limit plate, 8. Threaded rod, 9. Pressure block, 10. Rotary handle, 11. First clamping block, 12. Second clamping block, 13. Fixed groove, 14. Slide rail, 15. First roller, 16. Second roller, 17. Guide slider, 18. Limit sensor, 19. Guide rod, 20. Guide groove, 21. Thin-film pressure sensor, 22. Hydraulic assembly, 23. Control box, 24. Part to be clamped. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," and "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Simultaneously, when an component is referred to as "fixed to" or "equipped on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or may have an intervening component present. When an component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or may have an intervening component present. When an component is referred to as "fixedly connected to" another component, it can be a common fixed connection method such as welding, bolting, or gluing. In short, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] Example 1, as Figure 1-3As shown, a fixed fixture for machining small automotive parts includes a base 1, which is plate-shaped and mounted on a milling machine bed, providing stable support and positioning for the entire fixture. A parallel slide rail 14 is provided above the base 1, guiding a sliding seat 2 to move in a predetermined direction. The sliding seat 2, through rollers at its bottom cooperating with the slide rail 14, can slide smoothly and with low friction on the slide rail 14. Guide sliders 17 are also provided on both sides of the sliding seat 2, abutting against the outer surface of the slide rail 14, further ensuring the linearity and stability of the sliding seat 2's movement. A fixed support plate 4 is provided at one end of the base 1, and a hydraulic cylinder 5 is mounted on the fixed support plate 4. The hydraulic cylinder 5 is equipped with a hydraulic assembly 22 and a control box 23. The hydraulic assembly 22 consists of a hydraulic pump and a control valve. Hydraulic oil is introduced into the cylinder through the hydraulic assembly 22, pushing the piston rod to extend and retract, achieving linear motion. The control box 23 is used to control the opening, closing, and stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 5.

[0022] The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 5 is connected to the sliding seat 2, providing linear motion power for the sliding seat 2 along the slide rail 14, thereby enabling controllable movement of the fixture on the base 1. The hydraulic cylinder 5 is driven by the control system, which can precisely adjust the position of the sliding seat 2 according to processing needs. To ensure that the sliding seat 2 does not exceed the safe range during movement, a limit sensor, preferably a Hall sensor, is installed on the side of the base 1 away from the fixed support plate 4. This Hall sensor mainly works based on the Hall effect principle, that is, when the sliding seat 2 moves to the limit position, the preset permanent magnet on it approaches the Hall sensor, and the magnetic field causes the semiconductor material inside the sensor to generate a potential difference, thereby outputting a corresponding electrical signal. After receiving the electrical signal, the control system immediately drives the hydraulic component 22 to cut off or adjust the supply of hydraulic oil, causing the hydraulic cylinder 5 to stop moving, preventing the sliding seat 2 from continuing to move forward and causing overtravel or collision.

[0023] The fixed clamp 3 is fixedly connected to the sliding seat 2. A first limiting plate 6 and a second limiting plate 7 are fixedly provided on both sides of the fixed clamp 3 to limit the range of motion of the clamp. A threaded rod 8 is threadedly connected to the first limiting plate 6. A pressure block 9 is rotatably connected to one end of the threaded rod 8. The end of the threaded rod 8 is machined into a cylindrical section, which is inserted into a rotating sleeve hole on the pressure block, allowing the cylindrical section to rotate freely within the sleeve hole. The pressure block 9 is located between the first limiting plate 6 and the second limiting plate 7 and slides on the surface of the fixed clamp 3. By rotating the handle at the other end of the threaded rod 8, the pressure block 9 can be moved axially along the threaded rod 8, thereby adjusting the clamping force and achieving precise control.

[0024] A pressure clamp is provided between the pressure block 9 and the second limiting plate 7. The pressure clamp includes a first clamp block 11 and a second clamp block 12. After assembly, the first clamp block 11 and the second clamp block 12 form a fixing groove 13 that conforms to the shape of the small-sized part, used for stable support and precise positioning of the workpiece. Figure 4The first clamping block 11 is equipped with a guide rod 19, and the second clamping block 12 is equipped with a corresponding guide groove 20, enabling precise alignment of the clamping blocks during assembly and ensuring clamping stability and repeatability. By combining the first clamping block 11 and the second clamping block 12 to form a fixing groove 13 that adapts to the shape of small-sized parts, stable clamping of the workpiece can be achieved. For small-sized parts with different shapes, several clamping blocks with different groove shapes can be prepared in advance. By selecting appropriate clamping blocks to form the corresponding fixing groove 13, parts of different sizes and shapes can be adapted. For example, small support blocks, gaskets, and square buckles have flat and right-angled edges. For such parts, clamping blocks with rectangular or L-shaped grooves can be prepared to allow the parts to be stably fixed in a plane-to-plane manner. For parts such as pins, connecting columns, and round shafts, the cross-section is circular or arc-shaped. Correspondingly, clamping blocks with concave semi-circular grooves or V-shaped grooves can be prepared to achieve wrap-around limiting and stable support for columnar parts.

[0025] During use, there is no need to replace the entire fixture according to the type of part. Simply replace or recombine the fixture blocks to complete the clamping. This saves preparation and clamping time, reduces the number of fixtures and costs, and ensures the positioning accuracy and processing stability of each clamping.

[0026] In addition, a thin-film pressure sensor 21 is provided on the side of the second clamping block 12 near the second limiting plate 7 for real-time detection of clamping force. This pressure sensor feeds the clamping force information back to the control system. When the clamping force reaches the set upper limit or falls below the safety lower limit, the system will issue an alarm, thus ensuring the safety and accuracy of the workpiece during processing. Furthermore, during installation, the sensor is embedded in the inner wall groove of the second clamping block 12, ensuring its surface is flush with the clamping surface, avoiding protrusions or gaps. Because the thin-film pressure sensor itself is extremely thin, typically 0.1–0.3 mm, and its pressure-sensing surface is soft and can closely conform to the contact surface, it has minimal interference with the direct contact between the clamping block and the workpiece, and therefore does not significantly change the geometry of the clamping surface or the force distribution.

[0027] During operation, the operator first controls the position of the sliding seat 2 using the hydraulic cylinder 5 to achieve initial positioning of the fixture. Then, the first clamping block 11 and the second clamping block 12 are combined to form a fixing groove 13. A small part 24 to be clamped is placed in the fixing groove 13 according to the workpiece shape. At this point, the first clamping block 11 and the second clamping block 12 are not fully engaged. By rotating the threaded rod 8, the pressure block 9 is driven to apply a predetermined clamping force to the workpiece. The distance between the first clamping block 11 and the second clamping block 12 gradually decreases, firmly fixing the workpiece in the fixture. A pressure sensor monitors the clamping force in real time to ensure that the clamping force is within a safe range, thereby avoiding deformation of the part due to excessive clamping or displacement during processing due to excessive clamping.

[0028] Furthermore, the guide devices of the slide rail 14 and sliding seat 2 on the base 1 ensure smooth linear movement of the fixture along the slide rail 14 on the milling machine. The hydraulic cylinder 5 provides controllable power, enabling the fixture to quickly and accurately reach the required position. The first limit plate 6 and the second limit plate 7 limit the range of motion of the pressure block 9 and the sliding seat 2, preventing excessive movement of the fixture or operational errors, and improving overall operational safety. The guide rod 19 and guide groove 20 of the fixture block not only ensure the stability of the assembly but also facilitate quick disassembly and replacement, adapting to small parts of different shapes and sizes without requiring a complete fixture replacement, reducing production costs and improving work efficiency.

[0029] In this solution, to meet the precision requirements of machining small parts, flexible pads or elastic shims can be installed on the fixture blocks to buffer the clamping force, protect the part surface from scratches or indentations, and maintain clamping stability. Through the cooperation of the sliding seat 2, hydraulic cylinder 5, and limit sensor 18, precise positioning of the fixture before machining and controllable adjustment of the clamping force can be achieved, enabling the fixture to work stably and reliably during high-precision machining operations such as milling and chamfering. The combination of base 1, sliding seat 2, fixed clamping seat 3, and hydraulic cylinder 5 achieves stable installation and controllable movement of the fixture on the milling machine, enabling precise positioning of small parts. A pressure sensor monitors the clamping force in real time to ensure workpiece machining safety; the modular fixture block design adapts to different part types without requiring replacement of the entire fixture, thereby reducing costs and improving production efficiency.

[0030] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fixing fixture for machining small automotive parts, characterized in that: The system includes a base (1), a sliding seat (2) slidably mounted on the top of the base (1), a fixed clamp (3) connected to the sliding seat (2), a fixed support plate (4) at the end of the base (1), a hydraulic cylinder (5) mounted on the fixed support plate (4), the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (5) connected to the sliding seat (2), a first limiting plate (6) and a second limiting plate (7) fixedly mounted on both sides of the fixed clamp (3), a threaded rod (8) threadedly connected to the first limiting plate (6), and one end of the threaded rod (8) rotatably connected to... A pressure block (9) is located between a first limiting plate (6) and a second limiting plate (7) and is slidably mounted on a fixed clamp (3). The other end of the threaded rod (8) is provided with a rotating handle (10). A pressure clamp is also provided between the pressure block (9) and the second limiting plate (7). The pressure clamp includes a first clamp block (11) and a second clamp block (12). After being combined, the first clamp block (11) and the second clamp block (12) form a fixing groove (13) that is adapted to the shape of the small part.

2. The fixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The base (1) is provided with two parallel slide rails (14). The bottom sides of the front end of the sliding seat (2) are provided with a first roller (15) and a second roller (16) that rotate horizontally. The first roller (15) and the second roller (16) abut against the inner sides of the two slide rails (14) respectively. The bottom sides of the sliding seat (2) are also provided with guide sliders (17), and the two guide sliders (17) abut against the outer sides of the two slide rails (14).

3. The fixture as claimed in claim 2, wherein: A limit sensor (18) is provided on the side of the base (1) away from the fixed support plate (4). The limit sensor (18) is used to detect the extreme position of the sliding seat (2) and send a signal to the hydraulic cylinder (5) control system.

4. The fixing fixture for machining small automotive parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first clamp block (11) is provided with a guide rod (19), and the second clamp block (12) is provided with a corresponding guide groove (20).

5. The fixture as claimed in claim 4, wherein: The second clamp block (12) is provided with a thin-film pressure sensor (21) on the side opposite to the second limiting plate (7).

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