A fixture for numerical control drilling machine
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522288098.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-10-29
AI Technical Summary
[0012]This application provides a chuck for a CNC drilling machine, used for machining long bars, comprising a base, a chuck, and a one-way rotating structure. When the bar moves, it passes through a through hole, and its surface generates friction with the surface of the clamping wheel, causing the clamping wheel to rotate. At this time, the one-way rotating structure connected to the clamping wheel is in a released state, providing little or no resistance to the rotation of the clamping wheel. The bar can be smoothly fed forward. During this process, the chuck itself maintains a radial clamping state, providing stable support for the bar, but does not need to be released. After the bar is fed to the predetermined machining position, the drill bit begins cutting. The cutting force naturally generates a tendency for the bar to move in the opposite direction to the feeding direction. This reverse tendency is transmitted through the bar to the clamping wheel, attempting to reverse it. At this moment, the one-way rotating structure instantly enters a locked state, preventing the coaxially connected clamping wheel from reversing, thereby firmly locking the axial position of the bar. After processing at one station is completed, simply continue pushing the bar along the feeding direction, and the unidirectional rotating structure will switch back to the release state to start the next round of feeding and positioning, thus improving processing efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN224764877U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of machining, and more specifically, to a fixture for a CNC drilling machine. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of machining, it is often necessary to perform CNC drilling on long bar stock, such as round steel, pipes, and shaft blanks, for example, drilling a series of holes along the axial direction or performing milling operations. In such operations, how to efficiently and accurately clamp the workpiece and achieve its axial feed is the key to affecting machining efficiency and accuracy. Utility Model Content
[0003] This application provides a fixture for a CNC drilling machine that can improve machining efficiency.
[0004] Specifically, this application is implemented through the following technical solution: This application provides a fixture for a CNC drilling machine, used for machining long bars, comprising: The base has a through hole in the center for the long bar to pass through; A chuck is radially movably mounted on the base. The chuck has a receiving groove facing the long bar. A clamping wheel is installed in the receiving groove. The clamping wheel is connected to a one-way rotation structure. The unidirectional rotation structure is configured such that when the long bar moves along the feeding direction, it is in a released state, allowing the clamping wheel to rotate freely; when the long bar has a tendency to move in the opposite direction, it is in a locked state, preventing the clamping wheel from reversing.
[0005] Optionally, the chuck has an internal mounting cavity, and the unidirectional rotating structure is housed within the mounting cavity; The unidirectional rotation structure includes an inner ring, an outer ring, and a wedge element. The inner ring is fixedly connected to the shaft of the pressure wheel, and the outer ring is fixed to the inner wall of the mounting cavity. The outer contour of the inner ring and the inner contour of the outer ring are non-cylindrical, so that an annular gap with a periodically changing cross section is formed between them. The wedge element includes multiple wedge elements, which are movably disposed in the annular gap. When the inner ring rotates relative to the outer ring in the first direction, it drives the wedge element to move to the ample area of the annular gap, and the structure is in the released state. When the inner ring attempts to rotate relative to the outer ring in a second direction opposite to the first direction, it drives the wedge element to move to the narrow area of the annular gap and is wedged, and the structure is in the locked state.
[0006] Optionally, the outer contour of the inner ring is provided with a plurality of trapezoidal blocks evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the trapezoidal blocks have long inclined surfaces and short inclined surfaces arranged opposite each other in the circumferential direction; The inner contour of the outer ring is a mounting hole adapted to the trapezoidal block, so that the long inclined surface and the inner wall of the outer ring form a gap that gradually decreases along the first direction in the annular gap; The wedge element includes an abutting post, and a mounting hole is provided on the short inclined surface. The abutting post is accommodated in the mounting hole by an elastic element, and its end points to the long inclined surface of the adjacent trapezoidal block. When the inner ring rotates in the first direction, the abutting post tends to move relative to the inner ring in the second direction due to inertia, thereby sliding along the long inclined surface and retracting into the mounting hole, entering the spacious area, and the structure is in a released state; When the inner ring tends to rotate in the second direction, the abutting post tends to move relative to the inner ring in the first direction due to inertia. As a result, under the thrust of the elastic element, it is wedged into the narrow area formed by the long inclined surface and the inner wall of the outer ring, and the structure is in a locked state.
[0007] Optionally, the abutting post is cylindrical.
[0008] Optionally, the mounting cavity and the receiving groove are separated by a first wall, and the shaft of the clamping wheel connected to the inner ring is mounted on the first wall via a bearing.
[0009] Optionally, the clamping wheel has an elongated blind hole on its side facing away from the unidirectional rotation structure for inserting a locking pin.
[0010] Optionally, the clamp is a three-jaw chuck structure, including three jaws; The base is equipped with a rotatable drive disk, which is connected to the three clamps to drive them to move synchronously toward or away from the central axis of the long bar.
[0011] Optionally, the side of the clamping wheel is an arc-shaped concave surface, and the side of the clamping wheel is machined with anti-slip texture.
[0012] This application provides a chuck for a CNC drilling machine, used for machining long bars, comprising a base, a chuck, and a one-way rotating structure. When the bar moves, it passes through a through hole, and its surface generates friction with the surface of the clamping wheel, causing the clamping wheel to rotate. At this time, the one-way rotating structure connected to the clamping wheel is in a released state, providing little or no resistance to the rotation of the clamping wheel. The bar can be smoothly fed forward. During this process, the chuck itself maintains a radial clamping state, providing stable support for the bar, but does not need to be released. After the bar is fed to the predetermined machining position, the drill bit begins cutting. The cutting force naturally generates a tendency for the bar to move in the opposite direction to the feeding direction. This reverse tendency is transmitted through the bar to the clamping wheel, attempting to reverse it. At this moment, the one-way rotating structure instantly enters a locked state, preventing the coaxially connected clamping wheel from reversing, thereby firmly locking the axial position of the bar. After processing at one station is completed, simply continue pushing the bar along the feeding direction, and the unidirectional rotating structure will switch back to the release state to start the next round of feeding and positioning, thus improving processing efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the inside of the chuck shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a clamping wheel and a one-way rotation structure shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a side view of the clamping wheel shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a unidirectional rotation structure shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of the image; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a fixture for a CNC drilling machine shown in an exemplary embodiment of this application.
[0014] Wherein: 100, base; 110, through hole; 200, chuck; 201, receiving groove; 202, mounting cavity; 203, first wall surface; 210, clamping wheel; 211, elongated blind hole; 300, unidirectional rotation structure; 310, inner ring; 311, trapezoidal block; 311a, short inclined surface; 311b, long inclined surface; 320, outer ring; 330, wedge element; 331, contact post; 340, annular gap; x, first direction; y, second direction. Detailed Implementation
[0015] The technical solutions in the embodiments (or "implementations") of this application will be clearly and completely described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements.
[0016] If the embodiments of this application contain terms relating to directional indications or positional relationships (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside, top, bottom, center, vertical, horizontal, longitudinal, transverse, length, width, counterclockwise, clockwise, axial, radial, circumferential, etc.), such terms are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and movement of the components in a specific posture (as shown in the attached figures); if the specific posture changes, the directional indications or positional relationships will also change accordingly. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" used in the embodiments of this application are only for descriptive convenience and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0017] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 This application provides a chuck for a CNC drilling machine, used for machining long bars, including a base 100, a chuck 200, and a one-way rotation structure 300. The base 100 has a through hole 110 at its center for the long bar to pass through. The chuck 200 is radially movably mounted on the base 100 and has a receiving groove 201 facing the long bar. A clamping wheel 210 is installed in the receiving groove 201 and connected to the one-way rotation structure 300. The one-way rotation structure 300 is configured such that: when the long bar moves in the feeding direction, it is in a released state, allowing the clamping wheel 210 to rotate freely; when the long bar has a tendency to move in the opposite direction, it is in a locked state, preventing the clamping wheel 210 from reversing. The long bar passes through the through hole 110 at the center of the base 100.
[0018] The operator or drive mechanism applies an axial force from one end of the bar stock, pushing it to move in the feeding direction. As the bar stock moves, it passes through the through-hole 110, and its surface generates friction with the wheel surface of the clamping wheel 210, causing the clamping wheel 210 to rotate. At this time, the one-way rotating structure 300 connected to the clamping wheel 210 is in a released state, providing little or no resistance to the rotation of the clamping wheel 210. The bar stock is then smoothly fed forward. During this process, the chuck 200 itself maintains a radial clamping state, providing stable support for the bar stock, but does not need to be released. After the bar stock is fed to the predetermined processing position, the drill bit begins cutting. The cutting force naturally generates a tendency for the bar stock to move in the opposite direction to the feeding direction. This reverse tendency is transmitted through the bar stock to the clamping wheel 210, attempting to reverse it. At this moment, the one-way rotating structure 300 instantly enters a locked state, preventing the coaxially connected clamping wheel 210 from reversing, thereby firmly locking the axial position of the bar stock. After processing at one station is completed, simply continue pushing the bar along the feeding direction, and the unidirectional rotating structure 300 will switch back to the release state to begin the next round of feeding and positioning.
[0019] Because the feeding process eliminates the need for the cycle of releasing the clamp, feeding, and re-clamping as with traditional chucks, non-cutting auxiliary time is significantly reduced. This is particularly beneficial for long bars requiring multi-position machining, resulting in a substantial efficiency improvement. The unidirectional feeding characteristic of this clamp makes it easily compatible with automated feeding mechanisms such as servo actuators and pneumatic devices. The automated mechanism only needs to provide unidirectional propulsion, while the clamp itself provides reliable locking, simplifying the control logic and structural design of automated production lines.
[0020] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 In one embodiment, the chuck 200 has an internal mounting cavity 202, and the one-way rotating structure 300 is housed within the mounting cavity 202. The one-way rotating structure 300 includes an inner ring 310, an outer ring 320, and a wedge element 330. The inner ring 310 is fixedly connected to the shaft of the pressure wheel 210, and the outer ring 320 is fixed to the inner wall of the mounting cavity 202. The outer contour of the inner ring 310 and the inner contour of the outer ring 320 are non-cylindrical, forming an annular gap with a periodically changing cross-section between them. Multiple wedge elements 330 are movably disposed in the annular gap. When the inner ring 310 rotates relative to the outer ring 320 along a first direction x, it drives the wedge element 330 to move to a wide area of the annular gap, and the structure is in a released state. When the inner ring 310 attempts to rotate relative to the outer ring 320 along a second direction y opposite to the first direction x, it drives the wedge element 330 to move to a narrow area of the annular gap and is wedged, and the structure is in a locked state.
[0021] When the inner ring 310 rotates along the first direction x, the wedge element 330 moves to the wide clearance area, and the mechanism is in the released state. When the inner ring 310 tends to rotate in the opposite direction, the wedge element 330 is pushed into the narrow clearance area and wedges, thereby achieving reverse locking. This process is completed automatically and mechanically with a rapid response. Because multiple wedge elements 330 are set in one ring to share the locking force, the structure can withstand greater reverse torque and impact loads. This load distribution effect also reduces the stress on individual components, lowers the wear rate, and extends the overall service life, making it particularly suitable for the cutting conditions of CNC drilling machines.
[0022] In one embodiment, the outer contour of the inner ring 310 is provided with a plurality of trapezoidal blocks evenly distributed circumferentially. The trapezoidal blocks have a long inclined surface 311b and a short inclined surface 311a arranged opposite each other circumferentially. The inner contour of the outer ring 320 is a mounting hole adapted to the trapezoidal blocks, such that a gap gradually decreases along the first direction x in an annular gap is formed between the long inclined surface 311b and the inner wall of the outer ring 320. The wedge element 330 includes an abutment post 331. The short inclined surface 311a is provided with a mounting hole. The abutment post 331 is accommodated in the mounting hole by an elastic element, and its end points to the long inclined surface 311a of the adjacent trapezoidal block. 11b; When the inner ring 310 rotates along the first direction x, the abutting post 331 tends to move relative to the inner ring 310 along the second direction y due to inertia, thus sliding along the long inclined surface 311b and retracting into the mounting hole, entering the spacious area, and the structure is in the released state; when the inner ring 310 tends to rotate along the second direction y, the abutting post 331 tends to move relative to the inner ring 310 along the first direction x due to inertia, thus being wedged into the narrow area formed by the long inclined surface 311b and the inner wall of the outer ring 320 under the thrust of the elastic element, and the structure is in the locked state.
[0023] During forward rotation, the relative motion tendency of the abutment post 331 due to inertia causes it to retract along the long inclined plane 311b, avoiding interference. During reverse rotation, the abutment post 331, under the action of inertia and elastic force, wedges into the narrow triangular area formed by the long inclined plane 311b and the outer ring 320, achieving reliable locking. The trapezoidal block contour naturally forms the wedging inclined plane, resulting in a clever and compact structure. The wedging action of the abutment post 331 has a self-amplifying effect; that is, the greater the reverse force, the tighter the locking, and the higher the safety factor. Furthermore, the arrangement of multiple abutment posts 331 in a ring ensures instantaneous, seamless locking at any angle, with a rapid response.
[0024] In one embodiment, the abutment post 331 is cylindrical. Cylindrical shapes are standard parts, easy to machine and procure precisely, and their contact characteristics with the mating ramp are consistent at any angle. Assembly has no directional requirements, facilitating production and maintenance.
[0025] In one embodiment, the mounting cavity 202 and the receiving groove 201 are separated by a first wall 203, and the shaft of the clamping wheel 210 connected to the inner ring 310 is mounted on the first wall 203 via a bearing. The bearing ensures the rotational accuracy of the shaft while achieving relative fixation between it and the wall of the chuck 200. Furthermore, this design makes the mounting cavity 202 accommodating the unidirectional rotating structure 300 an independent sealed chamber, which can effectively isolate the chips generated during processing and prevent them from intruding into the mechanism and causing abnormal wear, jamming, or failure, greatly improving the reliability and durability of the transmission components.
[0026] refer to Figure 3In one embodiment, the clamping roller 210 has an elongated blind hole 211 on its side facing away from the one-way rotating structure 300 for inserting a locking pin. Based on the one-way clutch preventing backward movement, inserting the locking pin further secures the clamping roller 210 completely in the circumferential direction, thereby preventing any slight forward movement of the bar stock under continuous or heavy cutting vibration. This provides double protection for long-term, heavy-cutting machining conditions, ensuring extremely high process stability.
[0027] refer to Figure 6 In one embodiment, the clamp is a three-jaw chuck structure, including three chucks 200. A rotatable drive disk is provided on the base 100, and the drive disk is connected to the three chucks 200 to drive them to synchronously approach or move away from the central axis of the long bar. The three chucks 200 move radially synchronously under the drive disk, which can automatically align with the central axis of the long bar, ensuring that the bar is uniformly enveloped and clamped, effectively preventing the bar from bending or centering off due to uneven clamping force, and providing a reliable reference for subsequent high-precision drilling.
[0028] refer to Figure 2 In one embodiment, the side surface of the clamping wheel 210 is an arc-shaped concave surface, and the side surface of the clamping wheel 210 is machined with anti-slip texture. The arc-shaped concave surface increases the contact area with the round bar stock, reducing the pressure per unit area and helping to protect the surface of the bar stock. At the same time, the anti-slip texture machined on it, such as a mesh or straight pattern formed by knurling, can significantly improve the coefficient of friction between the wheel surface and the bar stock, ensuring that slippage is minimized during feeding and locking, and guaranteeing feeding accuracy and locking reliability.
[0029] It should be noted that the technical solutions or features described in the above embodiments can be combined or supplemented with each other without conflict. The scope of protection of this application is not limited to the precise structures described in the above embodiments and shown in the accompanying drawings; all modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A fixture for a CNC drilling machine, characterized in that, Used for processing long bars, including: The base (100) has a through hole (110) in the center for the long bar to pass through. A chuck (200) is radially movably mounted on the base (100). The chuck (200) is provided with a receiving groove (201) facing the long bar. A clamping wheel (210) is installed in the receiving groove (201). The clamping wheel (210) is connected to a one-way rotating structure (300). The unidirectional rotation structure (300) is configured such that when the long bar moves along the feeding direction, it is in a released state, allowing the clamping wheel (210) to rotate freely; when the long bar has a tendency to move in the opposite direction, it is in a locked state, preventing the clamping wheel (210) from reversing.
2. The fixture for a numerical control drill press according to claim 1, wherein The chuck (200) has an internal mounting cavity (202), and the one-way rotating structure (300) is housed within the mounting cavity (202); The unidirectional rotating structure (300) includes an inner ring (310), an outer ring (320), and a wedge element (330). The inner ring (310) is fixedly connected to the shaft of the pressure wheel (210), and the outer ring (320) is fixed to the inner wall of the mounting cavity (202). The outer contour of the inner ring (310) and the inner contour of the outer ring (320) are non-cylindrical, so that an annular gap with a periodically changing cross section is formed between them. The wedge element (330) includes multiple elements and is movably disposed in the annular gap. When the inner ring (310) rotates relative to the outer ring (320) in the first direction (x), it drives the wedge element (330) to move to the spacious area of the annular gap, and the structure is in the released state. When the inner ring (310) attempts to rotate relative to the outer ring (320) in a second direction (y) opposite to the first direction (x), it drives the wedge element (330) to move to the narrow area of the annular gap and is wedged, and the structure is in the locked state.
3. A fixture for a numerical control drill press as set forth in claim 2, wherein The outer contour of the inner ring (310) is provided with a plurality of trapezoidal blocks evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The trapezoidal blocks have a long inclined surface (311b) and a short inclined surface (311a) arranged opposite to each other in the circumferential direction. The inner contour of the outer ring (320) is a mounting hole adapted to the trapezoidal block, so that the long inclined surface (311b) and the inner wall of the outer ring (320) form a gap that gradually decreases along the first direction (x) in the annular gap; The wedge element (330) includes an abutment post (331), and the short inclined surface (311a) is provided with a mounting hole. The abutment post (331) is accommodated in the mounting hole by an elastic element, and its end points to the long inclined surface (311b) of the adjacent trapezoidal block. When the inner ring (310) rotates along the first direction (x), the abutting post (331) has a tendency to move relative to the inner ring (310) along the second direction (y) due to inertia, thereby sliding along the long inclined surface (311b) and retracting into the mounting hole, entering the spacious area, and the structure is in a released state; When the inner ring (310) tends to rotate in the second direction (y), the abutting post (331) tends to move in the first direction (x) relative to the inner ring (310) due to inertia, and is thus wedged into the narrow area formed by the long inclined surface (311b) and the inner wall of the outer ring (320) under the thrust of the elastic member, and the structure is in a locked state.
4. The fixture for a numerical control drill press according to claim 3, wherein The abutment post (331) is cylindrical.
5. The fixture for a numerical control drill press according to claim 2, wherein The mounting cavity (202) and the receiving groove (201) are separated by a first wall (203), and the shaft of the clamping wheel (210) connected to the inner ring (310) is mounted on the first wall (203) by a bearing.
6. A fixture for a numerical control drill press as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The clamping wheel (210) has an elongated blind hole (211) on its side facing away from the one-way rotating structure (300) for inserting a locking pin.
7. A fixture for a numerical control drilling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The clamp is a three-jaw chuck structure, including three chucks (200). The base (100) is provided with a rotatable drive disk, which is connected to three chucks (200) to drive the three chucks to move synchronously toward or away from the central axis of the long bar.
8. The fixture for a numerical control drill press according to claim 1, wherein The side of the clamping wheel (210) is an arc-shaped concave surface, and the side of the clamping wheel (210) is processed with anti-slip texture.