Hydraulically driven walking and steering axle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of hydraulic drive walking steering axle, it is related to vehicle chassis transmission technical field, including axle mechanism and the drive mechanism assembled in the inside of the axle mechanism, and the steering assembly mechanism assembled in the both sides of the axle mechanism;The axle mechanism includes bridge body, and the both sides of the bridge body are respectively equipped with upper shaft sleeve and lower shaft sleeve;The drive mechanism includes the steering cylinder fixedly installed in the inner wall of the bridge body;The steering assembly mechanism includes the steering knuckle rotatably installed between the upper shaft sleeve and the lower shaft sleeve, and the steering knuckle and the steering cylinder are hingedly installed with connecting plate;The hydraulic drive walking steering axle, by the cooperation between axle mechanism and drive mechanism and steering assembly mechanism, four-wheel drive can be realized under the condition that steering angle does not change, can work on road surface and narrow site in rain, snow, mud etc. Without slipping and running deviation, increase work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle chassis transmission technology, specifically to a hydraulically driven walking and steering axle. Background Technology

[0002] Most existing counterbalance forklifts are two-wheel drive with no drive function on the rear steering wheel. They are prone to slipping, especially when unloaded, on rainy, snowy, or muddy surfaces, and are prone to veering off course when turning, making them difficult to operate and reducing work efficiency. Even four-wheel drive off-road forklifts are available, but their mechanical drive makes them much larger than two-wheel drive forklifts of the same tonnage. Moreover, the steering wheel is affected by mechanical rotation, resulting in a small angle, a large turning radius, and an inability to turn diagonally, making them unsuitable for working in confined spaces. Electric forklifts, on the other hand, ensure stability and safety during operation by maintaining a certain ratio between the forklift's size and weight and the weight of the goods being handled. However, when the weight of the goods being handled reaches a critical point in relation to the forklift's weight, instability can occur, leading to safety hazards. This also increases the difficulty of operation for the driver, slows down the movement, and reduces work efficiency.

[0003] However, due to the influence of the vehicle width, counterbalance forklifts under 3.5 tons have a small space between the tires and the steering axle without changing the overall dimensions. Adding a hydraulic motor will cause the steering axle to protrude in the direction of the steering knuckle kingpin center, which will affect the normal steering angle. The steering wheel is affected by mechanical rotation, resulting in a small angle, a large turning radius, and the inability to turn diagonally, making it unsuitable for working in narrow spaces. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hydraulically driven walking and steering axle to solve the problems in the prior art where the space between the tires and the steering axle is too small, which affects the normal steering angle, the steering wheels are affected by mechanical rotation, the angle is small and the turning radius is large, making it impossible to turn diagonally and adapt to working in narrow spaces.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a hydraulically driven traveling and steering axle, comprising:

[0006] The axle mechanism and the drive mechanism assembled inside the axle mechanism, and the steering assembly mechanism assembled on both sides of the axle mechanism;

[0007] The axle mechanism includes an axle body, and an upper axle sleeve and a lower axle sleeve are respectively installed on both sides of the axle body;

[0008] The drive mechanism includes a steering cylinder fixedly installed on the inner wall of the axle body;

[0009] The steering assembly includes a steering knuckle rotatably mounted between the upper and lower bushings. A connecting plate is hinged between the steering knuckle and the steering cylinder. A shaft tube is mounted on one side of the steering knuckle. A hub is rotatably mounted around the shaft tube. A half-shaft is fixedly connected to one side of the hub. One side of the half-shaft extends into the shaft tube. A drive component is fixedly mounted inside the steering knuckle. The output shaft of the drive component extends into the shaft tube and meshes with the half-shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, movable openings are provided on both sides of the bridge body, and the movable openings correspond to the steering knuckles.

[0011] Furthermore, the top of the steering knuckle is rotatably mounted to the upper bushing via a first shaft, and the bottom of the steering knuckle is rotatably mounted to the lower bushing via a second shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, a fixed arm is fixedly installed on the top of the steering knuckle and at the front end of the first shaft. The fixed arm is hinged to the connecting plate by a movable pin, and the steering cylinder is fixedly installed to the axle body by a fixed seat.

[0013] Furthermore, the steering knuckle has an internal mounting cavity for fixing the drive component, and the half shaft is connected to the output shaft of the drive component through a spline meshing connection.

[0014] Furthermore, the shaft tube is rotatably mounted to the hub via a bearing, and the half-shaft is fixedly connected to the hub via a fixing bolt.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the hydraulically driven walking and steering axle provided by this utility model, through the cooperation between the axle mechanism, the drive mechanism and the steering assembly mechanism, can achieve four-wheel drive without damaging the overall external structure of the existing two-wheel drive counterbalance forklift or reducing its existing functions. This is achieved by designing the steering knuckle with a hollow structure to accommodate the drive components and adding two drive components. The power is provided by the forklift's own hydraulic pump station to drive the vehicle while keeping the steering angle unchanged. This allows the vehicle to work on rainy, snowy, muddy and other roads and in narrow spaces without slipping or veering, increasing work efficiency and ensuring that the vehicle maintains a stable driving state under various complex road conditions. The stability is improved during handling and lifting operations, greatly improving work efficiency and safety. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure provided for an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 A bottom view structural schematic diagram provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure in a front cross-section provided for an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a bottom view cross-sectional structural diagram provided for an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0023] 1. Axle mechanism; 11. Axle body; 12. Upper axle sleeve; 13. Lower axle sleeve; 14. Movable port; 2. Drive mechanism; 21. Steering cylinder; 22. Connecting plate; 23. Movable pin; 24. Fixed seat; 3. Steering assembly mechanism; 31. Steering knuckle; 32. Fixed arm; 33. Wheel hub; 34. Half shaft; 35. Drive component; 36. Bearing; 37. First axle; 38. Second axle; 39. Mounting cavity; 310. Gear groove; 311. Fixing bolt; 312. Axle tube. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 5 As shown:

[0026] Example 1:

[0027] This utility model provides a hydraulically driven traveling and steering axle, comprising:

[0028] The axle mechanism 1 and the drive mechanism 2 assembled inside the axle mechanism 1, and the steering assembly mechanism 3 assembled on both sides of the axle mechanism 1.

[0029] The axle mechanism 1 includes an axle body 11, with an upper axle sleeve 12 and a lower axle sleeve 13 installed on both sides of the axle body 11 respectively;

[0030] The drive mechanism 2 includes a steering cylinder 21 that is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the axle body 11;

[0031] The steering assembly mechanism 3 includes a steering knuckle 31 rotatably mounted between the upper bushing 12 and the lower bushing 13. A connecting plate 22 is hinged between the steering knuckle 31 and the steering cylinder 21. A shaft tube 312 is mounted on one side of the steering knuckle 31. A hub 33 is rotatably mounted on the periphery of the shaft tube 312. A half shaft 34 is fixedly connected to one side of the hub 33. One side of the half shaft 34 extends into the shaft tube 312. A drive component 35 is fixedly mounted inside the steering knuckle 31. The output shaft of the drive component 35 extends into the shaft tube 312 and meshes with the half shaft 34.

[0032] As can be seen from the above, when in use, the bridge body 11 can be installed in a suitable position on the forklift. The bridge body 11 can provide support for this device. When the forklift starts and needs to turn or move, the hydraulic pump of the forklift itself starts to work, which can provide hydraulic power to the steering cylinder 21, so that the steering cylinder 21 begins to extend and retract under the action of hydraulic power. Its extension and retraction action can be transmitted to the steering knuckle 31 through the connecting plate 22. Since the steering knuckle 31 is rotatably installed between the upper bushing 12 and the lower bushing 13, the pushing and pulling action of the connecting plate 22 can make the steering knuckle 31 rotate around the first shaft 37 and the second shaft 38, thereby realizing the steering action of the wheel. By raising the bridge body 11, the steering cylinder 21 is moved from the center of the bridge body 11 to the top, which can reasonably avoid the protruding part of the drive component 35 when turning, and facilitate the installation and operation of the steering knuckle 31.

[0033] The drive unit 35 is a hydraulic motor, which can also be connected to the forklift's own hydraulic pump system. During the steering process, the drive unit 35, which is fixedly installed inside the steering knuckle 31, can start working synchronously. When the output shaft of the drive unit 35 rotates, it will drive the half shaft 34 to rotate synchronously. The other side of the half shaft 34 is fixedly connected to the wheel hub 33, so that the rotation of the half shaft 34 can drive the wheel hub 33 to rotate. The tire can be installed on the outer periphery of the wheel hub 33. The rotation of the wheel hub 33 will drive the tire to rotate, thereby realizing the forklift's walking function. During the steering process, the tire can move normally. It can realize four-wheel drive and flexible steering functions through hydraulic drive without damaging the overall external structure of the existing two-wheel drive counterbalance forklift and without reducing the existing functions. It can work on rain, snow, mud and other road surfaces and in narrow spaces without slipping or veering, greatly improving work efficiency and safety.

[0034] From the appendix Figure 2 It can be seen that movable openings 14 are provided on both sides of the bridge body 11, and the movable openings 14 correspond to the steering knuckle 31.

[0035] As can be seen from the above, the position of the movable port 14 corresponds to the steering knuckle 31, so that the steering knuckle 31 has sufficient room for movement during rotation and will not be restricted by the obstruction of the axle body 11, thus ensuring the flexibility and smoothness of steering. At the same time, the space of the movable port 14 also facilitates the installation, debugging and maintenance of the steering knuckle 31 and its related components, bringing more convenience to the maintenance of the entire axle mechanism 1.

[0036] For details, please refer to the appendix. Figure 4 As shown, the top of the steering knuckle 31 is rotatably mounted to the upper bushing 12 via a first shaft 37, and the bottom of the steering knuckle 31 is rotatably mounted to the lower bushing 13 via a second shaft 38.

[0037] As can be seen from the above, the steering knuckle 31 can be stably installed between the upper bushing 12 and the lower bushing 13 through the first shaft 37 and the second shaft 38, and can rotate flexibly around the axis of the first shaft 37 and the second shaft 38, which ensures the smooth steering effect of the steering knuckle 31 and makes it less prone to shaking. At the same time, it improves the steering accuracy, so that the forklift can respond more accurately to the driver's steering commands during driving.

[0038] For details, please refer to the appendix. Figure 1 As shown, a fixed arm 32 is fixedly installed on the top of the steering knuckle 31 and at the front end of the first shaft 37. The fixed arm 32 is hinged to the connecting plate 22 by a movable pin 23. The steering cylinder 21 is fixedly installed to the axle body 11 by a fixed seat 24.

[0039] As can be seen from the above, the front end of the steering knuckle 31 extends through the fixed arm 32, and the movable pin 23 makes the connection between the connecting plate 22 and the steering knuckle 31 more flexible. When the steering cylinder 21 extends or retracts, the connecting plate 22 can rotate at a certain angle on the fixed arm 32 through the movable pin 23, thereby accurately transmitting the power of the steering cylinder 21 to the steering knuckle 31 to realize the steering operation. The steering cylinder 21 is fixedly installed on the axle body 11 through the fixed seat 24, which ensures the stability of the steering cylinder 21 during operation. It will not be displaced or loosened due to the bumps of the forklift, thus ensuring the reliability and stability of the entire steering system.

[0040] Working principle: When the forklift is started, the hydraulic pump starts working and provides hydraulic power to the steering cylinder 21. The steering cylinder 21 extends and retracts under hydraulic pressure. Its extension and retraction action is transmitted to the fixed arm 32 through the connecting plate 22. Since the fixed arm 32 is fixedly connected to the steering knuckle 31, and the steering knuckle 31 is rotatably mounted between the upper bushing 12 and the lower bushing 13 through the first shaft 37 and the second shaft 38, the steering knuckle 31 can rotate around the axis of the first shaft 37 and the second shaft 38 by using the pushing and pulling action of the connecting plate 22, thereby realizing the steering action of the wheel. At the same time, the drive component 35 fixedly installed inside the steering knuckle 31 is connected to the forklift's own hydraulic pump system and starts working synchronously during the steering process. The output shaft of the drive component 35 rotates, driving the half shaft 34 to rotate synchronously. The other side of the half shaft 34 is fixedly connected to the wheel hub 33, thereby driving the wheel hub 33 to rotate. The tires mounted on the outer side of the wheel hub 33 rotate accordingly, so that the forklift can have the function of walking at the same time during the steering process.

[0041] Example 2:

[0042] Reference Appendix Figure 4 As shown, the steering knuckle 31 has an internal mounting cavity 39 for fixing the drive component 35, and the half shaft 34 is connected to the output shaft of the drive component 35 by a spline groove 310.

[0043] As can be seen from the above, the mounting cavity 39 provides a stable and suitable mounting space for the drive component 35, ensuring that the drive component 35 will not shake or shift due to space issues during operation, thus guaranteeing the stable operation of the drive component 35. The spline groove 310 meshing connection between the half-shaft 34 and the output shaft of the drive component 35 provides a larger contact area, making power transmission smoother and more efficient, reducing power loss during transmission. At the same time, the spline groove 310 connection method has strong impact resistance, and can withstand greater impact forces when the forklift encounters bumps or complex road conditions during travel without easily being damaged, ensuring the firmness of the connection between the half-shaft 34 and the drive component 35, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the forklift's travel and steering functions. In addition, when maintenance or replacement of the drive component 35 or half-shaft 34 is required, quick installation and disassembly operations can be performed conveniently, improving maintenance efficiency and reducing maintenance costs.

[0044] Reference Appendix Figure 4 As shown, the shaft tube 312 and the hub 33 are rotatably mounted together via the bearing 36, and the half shaft 34 and the hub 33 are fixedly connected together via the fixing bolt 311.

[0045] As can be seen from the above, the bearing 36 makes the rotation between the shaft tube 312 and the hub 33 smoother, reduces frictional resistance, and lowers energy consumption. At the same time, the bearing 36 also plays a supporting and positioning role, ensuring that the hub 33 is not prone to displacement or shaking during rotation. The fixing bolt 311 can firmly connect the half shaft 34 and the hub 33, improving the firmness and ensuring that the power of the half shaft 34 is accurately transmitted to the hub 33, so that the hub 33 can drive the tire to rotate stably, thereby realizing the walking function of the forklift.

[0046] The foregoing description only illustrates certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulically driven walking and steering axle characterized in that, include: Axle mechanism (1) and drive mechanism (2) assembled inside the axle mechanism (1), and steering assembly mechanism (3) assembled on both sides of the axle mechanism (1). The axle mechanism (1) includes an axle body (11), and an upper axle sleeve (12) and a lower axle sleeve (13) are respectively installed on both sides of the axle body (11). The drive mechanism (2) includes a steering cylinder (21) fixedly installed on the inner wall of the bridge body (11); The steering assembly (3) includes a steering knuckle (31) rotatably mounted between the upper bushing (12) and the lower bushing (13). A connecting plate (22) is hinged between the steering knuckle (31) and the steering cylinder (21). A shaft tube (312) is mounted on one side of the steering knuckle (31). A hub (33) is rotatably mounted on the periphery of the shaft tube (312). A half shaft (34) is fixedly connected to one side of the hub (33). One side of the half shaft (34) extends into the shaft tube (312). A drive member (35) is fixedly mounted inside the steering knuckle (31). The output shaft of the drive member (35) extends into the shaft tube (312) and meshes with the half shaft (34).

2. A hydraulically driven walking beam axle as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The bridge body (11) has movable openings (14) on both sides, and the movable openings (14) correspond to the steering knuckle (31).

3. The hydraulically driven traveling and steering axle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the steering knuckle (31) is rotatably mounted to the upper bushing (12) via a first shaft (37), and the bottom of the steering knuckle (31) is rotatably mounted to the lower bushing (13) via a second shaft (38).

4. The hydraulically driven traveling and steering axle according to claim 3, characterized in that, A fixed arm (32) is fixedly installed on the top of the steering knuckle (31) and at the front end of the first shaft (37). The fixed arm (32) is hinged to the connecting plate (22) by a movable pin (23). The steering cylinder (21) is fixedly installed to the axle body (11) by a fixed seat (24).

5. The hydraulically driven traveling and steering axle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steering knuckle (31) has an internal mounting cavity (39) for fixing the drive member (35), and the half shaft (34) and the output shaft of the drive member (35) are connected by a spline groove (310).

6. The hydraulically driven traveling and steering axle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shaft tube (312) and the hub (33) are rotatably mounted via a bearing (36), and the half shaft (34) and the hub (33) are fixedly connected via a fixing bolt (311).

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