Mounting and positioning structure for a vehicle headlight

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of automotive technology and relates to an installation and positioning structure for automotive headlights. It includes a positioning pin on the headlight housing and positioning holes on the fender. The positioning pin is inserted into the positioning holes to achieve installation and positioning. The positioning pin, along the insertion direction, includes a guide section, a transition section, a limiting section, and a flange portion connected to each other. The guide section is the insertion end, and the end face of the flange portion abuts against the outer surface of the fender to limit the insertion depth. The positioning holes are, in sequence, a first hole section, an annular stepped throat, and a second hole section. The annular stepped throat is located between the two hole sections and has the smallest inner diameter, which is smaller than the outer diameter of the guide section, so that after the guide section is inserted into the first hole section, it abuts against the inner edge to form a reverse locking. The second hole section is used to accommodate the limiting section and the transition section, and the limiting section and the second hole section have a clearance fit. This achieves reliable anti-detachment locking and multi-directional precise positioning of the headlight relative to the fender, while taking into account assembly efficiency, clearance consistency, and structural stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of automotive technology, specifically relating to an installation and positioning structure for automotive headlights. Background Technology

[0002] As automotive front-end designs evolve towards larger camber angles, narrower bezels, and more complex curved surfaces, the assembly relationship between headlights and external body panels such as fenders and front bulkheads is becoming increasingly tight. This places higher demands on the precision of headlight mounting positions, the control of mounting angles, and the consistency of gaps and surface differences between the headlight body and the vehicle body. Headlights are not only lighting and signaling devices, but also an important component of the vehicle's front-end styling and brand identity; their positioning and installation accuracy directly affect the overall vehicle appearance quality and assembly efficiency.

[0003] In current vehicle models, the headlight mounting method generally adopts the method of screwing the lamp legs to the body structure. That is, the lamp legs are set on the headlight housing, and the lamp legs are fixed to the fender or front bulkhead reinforcement by bolts to achieve the installation and basic positioning of the lamp body. In some cases, as an auxiliary assembly, a simple positioning pin and positioning hole structure is set on the lamp body or the side of the body, mainly to guide and assist in limiting. This type of positioning structure is also common in the installation of components such as taillights.

[0004] However, the traditional mounting structure based on lamp leg screw connection and simple positioning pin has limitations in adapting to the large tilt angle and complex contour of the headlight: the installation direction and lamp leg arrangement freedom are limited, which is not conducive to achieving a reasonable mounting point design on the fender side; the positioning function is relatively simple, making it difficult to efficiently and reliably ensure the stability of the lamp body in spatial position and posture during the assembly process, resulting in the gap and surface difference between the lamp housing and the fender being difficult to control precisely, and the assembly process is prone to misalignment, interference or repeated adjustments, affecting assembly efficiency and the consistency of the overall vehicle appearance. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology and provide an installation and positioning structure for automotive headlights.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a mounting and positioning structure for an automotive headlight, including a positioning pin disposed on the headlight housing and a positioning hole disposed on the fender. The positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole to achieve mounting and positioning. The positioning pin includes, along the insertion direction, a guide section, a transition section, a limiting section, and a flange portion connected to each other. The guide section is the insertion end, and the end face of the flange portion abuts against the outer surface of the fender to limit the insertion depth. The positioning hole includes, along the insertion direction from the inside to the outside, a first hole section, an annular stepped throat, and a second hole section. The annular stepped throat is located at... Between the first and second hole segments, the inner diameter of the guide segment is smaller than the inner diameters of both the first and second hole segments. The guide segment, with its annular stepped throat, provides a guiding fit, allowing it to pass through the annular stepped throat and enter the first hole segment. The inner diameter of the annular stepped throat is smaller than the outer diameter of the guide segment. After insertion into the first hole segment, the guide segment's outer surface abuts against the inner edge of the annular stepped throat, forming a locking fit against the positioning pin in the opposite direction of insertion. The second hole segment accommodates the limiting segment and the transition segment, with a clearance fit between the limiting segment and the second hole segment. This multi-segment insertion fit structure achieves reliable installation positioning and anti-disengagement locking of the headlight relative to the fender, simplifying assembly operations and improving assembly stability.

[0007] Furthermore, the minimum diameter d42 of the annular step throat and the outer diameter d22 of the transition section satisfy 0 < (d42 − d22) ≤ 0.05 mm. This structure ensures a suitable clearance fit between the transition section and the annular step throat, which is beneficial for precise control of the guiding and locking positions, while also ensuring both insertion force and reliability against dislodgement.

[0008] Furthermore, the front end of the guide section is a spherical crown surface, the first hole section is a conical cavity converging along the insertion direction of the positioning pin, and the inner diameter of the annular stepped throat is smaller than the maximum diameter of the spherical crown surface. Through the cooperation of the stepped positioning pin and the three-section positioning hole, reliable positioning and anti-disengagement of the headlight relative to the fender are achieved, simplifying the assembly process and improving installation accuracy and consistency.

[0009] Furthermore, the included angle 2α between the inwardly tapered surfaces of the first hole segment's conical cavity is 30° to 70°. This angle range balances smooth insertion with self-centering rigidity, ensuring that the guide segment automatically centers upon insertion with moderate insertion resistance, making it suitable for various assembly error environments.

[0010] Furthermore, the equivalent diameter of the guide section is no greater than the equivalent diameter of the first hole section and is a transition fit; the outer diameter of the limiting section is smaller than the inner diameter of the second hole section and is a clearance fit. This structure ensures smooth insertion and self-centering by allowing the guide section and the first hole section to have a transition fit, while the clearance fit between the limiting section and the second hole section improves insertion / removal efficiency and installation error tolerance.

[0011] Furthermore, the inlet of the second hole section is provided with a 30° to 45° guide chamfer, and the hole wall is provided with at least one venting groove along the axial direction, with a width of 0.3 to 0.8 mm and a depth of no more than 0.3 mm. The chamfer design improves the efficiency of locating pin insertion, and the venting groove helps to eliminate air or moisture retention during assembly, avoids pressure resistance, and ensures smooth insertion.

[0012] Furthermore, the coaxiality between the spherical cap surface of the guide section and the cylindrical surface of the limiting section is no greater than 0.05 mm, and the perpendicularity of the stop end face of the flange relative to the axis of the limiting section is no greater than 0.10 mm. This structure ensures the axial consistency of the positioning pin and the positioning hole during insertion, improving insertion stability and stop reliability, and avoiding assembly deviations or interference caused by eccentricity or tilting.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer circle and end face of the flange are provided with rounded corners or chamfers of R0.2 to R0.5, and an elastic pad with a thickness of 0.2 to 0.5 mm is provided between the flange and the fender. This structure can prevent damage to the mating surfaces during insertion and removal, thus improving structural durability; the elastic pad helps to buffer the contact force between the locating pin and the fender, avoiding abnormal noise or stress concentration, and further enhancing the impact resistance and assembly consistency of the positioning structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the positioning hole is located on the fender and extends through the fender along the insertion direction of the positioning pin to form a through hole. This structure helps improve processing convenience and installation tolerance, while also facilitating mold processing and subsequent venting and drainage design integration, adapting to various vehicle body structure layouts.

[0015] Furthermore, the headlight housing is provided with two or more positioning pins, and the fender is provided with multiple positioning holes accordingly. This structure further improves installation stability and torsional resistance, ensuring that the lamp body remains in a stable position after installation and reducing the risk of displacement or loosening caused by vibration during operation.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The installation and positioning structure for automotive headlights provided by this utility model involves inserting a guide section into the first hole section and being restricted at the annular step throat. This allows the positioning pin to achieve circumferential restriction and reverse anti-dislodgement at the annular step throat. The annular step throat, as an inner diameter contraction part, forms a clear engagement and positioning reference when the positioning pin reaches the design position. This effectively suppresses the displacement trend caused by assembly gaps, tolerance accumulation, or external forces, enabling the headlight to maintain a stable posture even under conditions such as large tilt angles, limited space, and long-term vibration. This reduces repeated adjustments and secondary tightening operations during the assembly process, thereby improving the overall vehicle appearance consistency, assembly efficiency, and reliability and durability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is an assembly drawing of the positioning pin and positioning hole structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the dimensions of the transition section between the annular stepped throat of the positioning hole and the positioning pin in this utility model. In the figure, the lamp housing is 1, the positioning pin is 2, the guide section is 21, the transition section is 22, the limiting section is 23, the flange is 24, the fender is 3, the positioning hole is 4, the first hole section is 41, the annular step throat is 42, the second hole section is 43, the exhaust groove is 44, and the elastic pad is 5. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is an assembly drawing of the positioning pin and positioning hole structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the dimensions of the transition section between the annular stepped throat of the positioning hole and the positioning pin in this utility model. Figures 1 to 3 The present invention provides an installation and positioning structure for automotive headlights, which aims to solve technical problems such as insufficient positioning accuracy, inadequate limiting, and risk of assembly detachment in the prior art.

[0020] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this utility model relates to an installation and positioning structure for an automotive headlight, including a positioning pin 2 disposed on the headlight housing 1 and a positioning hole 4 disposed on the fender 3. The positioning pin 2 is inserted into the positioning hole 4 to achieve installation and positioning. The positioning pin 2 includes, in sequence along the insertion direction, a guide section 21, a transition section 22, a limiting section 23, and a flange portion 24, wherein the guide section 21 is the insertion end, and the end face of the flange portion 24 abuts against the outer surface of the fender 3 to limit the insertion depth of the positioning pin 2.

[0021] The positioning hole 4, from the inside to the outside along the insertion direction, includes a first hole segment 41, an annular stepped throat 42, and a second hole segment 43. The annular stepped throat 42 is located between the first hole segment 41 and the second hole segment 43, and its inner diameter is smaller than the inner diameters of both the first hole segment 41 and the second hole segment 43. In this embodiment, a guiding fit is formed between the guide segment 21 and the annular stepped throat 42. Specifically, there is a difference between the outer diameter of the guide segment 21 and the inner diameter of the annular stepped throat 42, allowing the guide segment 21 to pass smoothly through the annular stepped throat 42 and accurately enter the first hole segment 41. This guiding fit ensures the precise guidance of the positioning pin 2 during insertion, avoiding positioning offset caused by assembly errors or external forces.

[0022] When the guide section 21 is inserted into the first hole section 41, its outer surface abuts against the inner edge of the annular step throat 42, forming a locking fit against the positioning pin 2 in the opposite direction of insertion, further preventing the positioning pin 2 from accidentally retracting. The second hole section 43 is used to accommodate the limiting section 23 and the transition section 22, and the limiting section 23 and the second hole section 43 adopt a clearance fit to ensure that the positioning pin 2 can be positioned smoothly and stably during insertion.

[0023] The minimum diameter d42 of the annular step throat 42 and the outer diameter d22 of the transition section 22 satisfy 0 < (d42 − d22) ≤ 0.05 mm, so that the transition section 22 can enter the adjacent area through the annular step throat 42. When the positioning pin 2 reaches the design position, the outer side of the guide section 21 near the transition section 22 abuts against the inner edge of the annular step throat 42, forming a locking fit on the positioning pin 2 in the opposite direction of insertion, preventing the positioning pin 2 from accidentally coming out.

[0024] The front end of the guide section 21 is a spherical cap surface. The first hole section 41 is a tapered cavity that gradually converges along the insertion direction of the positioning pin. The maximum diameter of the spherical cap surface is greater than the inner diameter of the annular step throat 42. The tapered cavity of the first hole section 41 is composed of a pair of inwardly tapering inclined surfaces that are symmetrical about the center line of the positioning hole. The included angle 2α between the inwardly tapering inclined surfaces is 30° to 70°. When the guide section 21 is inserted, it cooperates with the inwardly tapering inclined surfaces to achieve guidance and self-centering.

[0025] The equivalent diameter of the guide section 21 is not greater than the equivalent diameter of the first hole section 41. The two are in a transition fit to ensure smooth insertion without significant shaking. The outer diameter of the limiting section 23 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second hole section 43. The two are in a clearance fit. The second hole section 43 is used to accommodate the limiting section 23 and part of the transition section 22, providing space for the insertion force of the positioning pin 2.

[0026] The inlet of the second hole section 43 is provided with a 30° to 45° guide chamfer. The hole wall is provided with at least one venting groove 44 along the axial direction. The venting groove is 0.3 to 0.8 mm wide and no more than 0.3 mm deep. It is used to release the air or residual liquid accumulated during the insertion process, reduce the insertion force and avoid the internal cavity from being stuck.

[0027] The coaxiality between the spherical cap surface of the guide section 21 and the cylindrical surface of the limiting section 23 is no greater than 0.05 mm, and the perpendicularity of the stop end face of the flange 24 to the axis of the limiting section 23 is no greater than 0.10 mm, so as to ensure the stability of the position of the positioning pin 2 after insertion and the reliable contact of the stop.

[0028] Based on the above, the insertion direction of the positioning pin 2 is defined as the Z direction, and the lateral direction is defined as the X direction and the front-to-back direction is defined as the Y direction in the plane perpendicular to the Z direction. The X direction adopts a zero-clearance fit to achieve lateral limiting. The Y direction is set with a single-sided clearance of 0.03 to 0.06 mm to compensate for the front and rear assembly tolerances. The Z direction is jointly limited by the axial clearance between the limiting section 23 and the second hole section 43 and the stop of the flange 24 and the outer surface of the fender 3. The single-sided clearance is 0.18 to 0.25 mm, thereby achieving high-precision and high-rigidity spatial positioning in three directions, improving the consistency and anti-interference of the headlight assembly.

[0029] In terms of structural details, the outer circle and end face of the flange 24 are provided with rounded corners or chamfers of R0.2 to R0.5. An elastic pad 5 with a thickness of 0.2 to 0.5 mm can be provided between the flange 24 and the fender 3 to improve the distribution of contact stress and vibration reduction performance. This structure not only improves assembly comfort but also enhances connection durability and adapts to vibration and impact in long-term operating environments.

[0030] The positioning hole 4 can penetrate the fender 3 along the insertion direction of the positioning pin 2 to form a through hole, so as to allow for air and fluid drainage and to adapt to automated assembly. Two or more positioning pins 2 can be set on the headlight housing 1, and multiple positioning holes 4 are set on the fender 3 accordingly, forming a support structure with multi-point insertion and multi-point limiting, which improves the installation stability and vibration resistance of the headlight assembly.

[0031] In one embodiment, the positioning pin 2 can be integrally molded with the lamp housing 1 through injection molding, or it can be retrofitted to the lamp housing through snap-fit, screw connection, or other methods, making the structure suitable for different production processes and product platforms. At the same time, the positioning hole 4 can be uniformly opened on the fender 3 as a standardized sheet metal structure, which helps to realize the common platform design of multiple models and improve the efficiency and consistency of mass production.

[0032] In another embodiment, the positioning hole 4 is integrally formed with the fender 3 via injection molding. The fender 3 is made of engineering plastic, and the positioning hole structure is pre-defined during the molding stage using an integrated mold, eliminating the need for welding or installation of metal sheet metal parts. The hole segment structure of the positioning hole 4 remains unchanged, still including the first hole segment 41, the annular stepped throat 42, and the second hole segment 43. Because the positioning hole 4 is formed synchronously during the molding stage, its positional accuracy is high and its coaxiality is good, which can significantly improve the positioning consistency of the headlights and is suitable for platform-based models or models with plastic front-end modules. This structure helps to reduce the number of parts, lower assembly costs, and eliminates subsequent welding processes, making it suitable for automated injection molding and assembly integrated processes.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility belongs. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this utility patent application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an” or “a” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms “comprising” or “including” and similar terms mean that the elements or objects preceding “comprising” or “including” encompass the elements or objects listed following “comprising” or “including” and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. The terms “connected” or “linked” and similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. “Above,” “below,” “left,” “right,” etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described objects changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0034] The above description is only an optional embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A mounting and positioning structure for an automotive headlight, comprising a positioning pin (2) disposed on a headlight housing (1) and a positioning hole (4) disposed on a fender (3), wherein the positioning pin (2) is inserted into the positioning hole (4) to achieve mounting and positioning; characterized in that: The positioning pin (2) includes, in sequence along the insertion direction, a guide section (21), a transition section (22), a limiting section (23), and a flange (24) connected to each other. The guide section (21) is the insertion end, and the end face of the flange (24) abuts against the outer surface of the fender (3) to limit the insertion depth. The positioning hole (4) includes a first hole section (41), an annular step throat (42) and a second hole section (43) in sequence from the inside to the outside along the insertion direction. The annular step throat (42) is located between the first hole section (41) and the second hole section (43), and its inner diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the first hole section (41) and the inner diameter of the second hole section (43). The guide section (21) is guided by the annular step throat (42), so that the guide section (21) can pass through the annular step throat (42) and enter the first hole section (41). The inner diameter of the annular step throat (42) is smaller than the outer diameter of the guide section (21). After the guide section (21) is inserted into the first hole section (41), its outer side abuts against the inner edge of the annular step throat (42), forming a locking fit against the positioning pin (2) in the opposite direction of insertion. The second hole segment (43) is used to accommodate the limiting segment (23) and the transition segment (22), and the limiting segment (23) is clearance-fitted with the second hole segment (43).

2. The mounting and positioning structure for an automotive headlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum diameter d42 of the annular step throat (42) and the outer diameter d22 of the transition section (22) satisfy 0 < (d42 − d22) ≤ 0.05 mm.

3. The mounting and positioning structure for an automotive headlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the guide section (21) is a spherical cap surface, the first hole section (41) is a conical cavity that converges along the insertion direction of the positioning pin, and the inner diameter of the annular step throat (42) is smaller than the maximum diameter of the spherical cap surface.

4. The mounting and positioning structure for automotive headlights according to claim 3, characterized in that: The included angle 2α between the inner inclined surfaces of the first hole segment (41) conical cavity is 30° to 70°.

5. The mounting and positioning structure for an automotive headlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equivalent diameter of the guide section (21) is not greater than the equivalent diameter of the first hole section (41) and is a transition fit. The outer diameter of the limiting section (23) is smaller than the inner diameter of the second hole section (43) and is a clearance fit.

6. The mounting and positioning structure for an automotive headlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet of the second hole section (43) is provided with a 30° to 45° inlet chamfer, and the hole wall is provided with at least one exhaust groove (44) with a width of 0.3 to 0.8 mm and a depth of no more than 0.3 mm along the axial direction.

7. The mounting and positioning structure for an automotive headlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coaxiality between the spherical cap surface of the guide section (21) and the cylindrical surface of the limiting section (23) is no greater than 0.05 mm, and the perpendicularity of the stop end face of the flange (24) to the axis of the limiting section is no greater than 0.10 mm.

8. The mounting and positioning structure for an automotive headlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circle and end face of the flange (24) are provided with rounded corners or chamfers of R0.2 to R0.5, and an elastic pad (5) with a thickness of 0.2 to 0.5 mm is provided between the flange (24) and the fender (3).

9. The mounting and positioning structure for an automotive headlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning hole (4) is provided on the fender (3) and passes through the fender (3) along the insertion direction of the positioning pin (2) to form a through hole.

10. The mounting and positioning structure for an automotive headlight according to claim 1, characterized in that: The headlight housing (1) is provided with two or more positioning pins (2), and the fender (3) is provided with a plurality of positioning holes (4).

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