Pneumatic monorail with two-stage braking

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of pneumatic monorail crane with two-stage braking, including pneumatic driving device and pneumatic braking device, pneumatic driving device is used to drive at least a pair of rollers on I-beam track operation, pneumatic driving device is installed with pneumatic braking device, pneumatic braking device is used for conventional braking, pneumatic driving device is also provided with hydraulic braking device, hydraulic braking device is used for overspeed braking, hydraulic braking device includes: brake executor, for clamping I-beam track to realize braking;Spring return type hydraulic cylinder is used to control brake executor action;Hydraulic oil tank provides hydraulic medium for spring return type hydraulic cylinder;Spring return type hydraulic cylinder is configured as: when oil inlet, through hydraulic medium pressurization compression spring to keep brake release;When pressure relief, drive brake executor clamping to I-beam track to realize braking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of monorail technology, specifically a pneumatic monorail with two-stage braking. Background Technology

[0002] The pneumatic monorail for coal mines is a rail transit device specifically designed for auxiliary transportation in underground coal mines. Powered by compressed air, it uses a pneumatic motor to drive a roller assembly along an I-beam track. It is primarily used for personnel transport, equipment and material transport, and mine rescue operations. The equipment consists of a track system, the vehicle body, a pneumatic drive unit, and a braking system. Due to the hazardous environment of underground coal mines, including methane, coal dust, and humidity, the equipment requires extremely high safety, reliability, and explosion-proof performance. In particular, the braking system must ensure safe and reliable braking under any operating conditions.

[0003] Currently, the braking technology of pneumatic monorail cranes used in coal mines is mainly based on pure pneumatic braking systems. These systems primarily consist of pneumatic braking devices, with core components including a brake actuator, a spring return mechanism, and a cylinder. During operation, the cylinder is pressurized to compress the spring return mechanism, causing the brake actuator to release the brake on the track. When the cylinder depressurizes, the spring return mechanism releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the brake actuator to clamp the I-beam rail, completing the braking action.

[0004] Existing pneumatic braking systems lack effective secondary braking devices, which mainly presents the following problems: when the pneumatic braking system malfunctions (such as component damage) or the air supply is suddenly interrupted, the equipment cannot achieve emergency braking because there is no backup braking means, posing a significant operational safety hazard; in emergency situations under complex underground working conditions, due to the lack of a reliable braking control method independent of the pneumatic system, the existing braking system cannot meet the stringent requirements for multiple safety guarantees in underground coal mines. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the above problems by providing a pneumatic monorail that can achieve independent and reliable braking when the pneumatic braking system fails.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a pneumatic monorail crane with two-stage braking, comprising a pneumatic drive device and a pneumatic braking device. The pneumatic drive device is used to drive at least one pair of rollers to run on an I-beam track, and the pneumatic braking device is mounted on the pneumatic drive device.

[0007] The pneumatic drive device is also equipped with a hydraulic braking device, which includes:

[0008] The braking actuator includes a braking component that moves relative to the I-beam track to clamp it;

[0009] A spring-return hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder body, a piston rod, and a return spring. The return spring is configured to drive the piston rod to move when the spring-return hydraulic cylinder is depressurized. The spring-return hydraulic cylinder is connected to the brake actuator to control the action of the brake actuator.

[0010] The hydraulic oil tank is connected to the spring-reset hydraulic cylinder via an oil circuit.

[0011] In some possible embodiments, the return spring is sleeved on the outside of the cylinder body, with one end connected to the piston rod and the other end connected to the bottom end of the cylinder body.

[0012] In some possible embodiments, the braking actuator includes a first brake arm and a second brake arm disposed opposite to each other, a first brake lever and a second brake lever, a first brake block and a second brake block, and a first limiting structure and a second limiting structure;

[0013] The first limiting structure and the second limiting structure are fixed to the frame of the pneumatic drive device;

[0014] The first end of the first brake arm is hinged to the bottom end of the cylinder, the first end of the second brake arm is hinged to the piston rod, and the middle parts of the first brake arm and the second brake arm are respectively hinged to the frame.

[0015] The second end of the first brake arm is hinged to one end of the first brake lever, and the second end of the second brake arm is hinged to one end of the second brake lever;

[0016] The other end of the first brake lever is fixedly connected to the first brake block, and the other end of the second brake lever is fixedly connected to the second brake block;

[0017] The first brake rod passes through the first limiting structure and slides in cooperation with the first limiting structure, and the second brake rod passes through the second limiting structure and slides in cooperation with the second limiting structure.

[0018] In some possible embodiments, a mechanical speed limiter is also included, the mechanical speed limiter comprising:

[0019] A centrifugal speed limiter is mounted on the frame of the pneumatic drive device, and the centrifugal speed limiter includes a trigger rod that can be thrown out radially.

[0020] A lever is mounted on the frame and cooperates with the trigger lever;

[0021] A control valve is installed in the oil line between the spring-return hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic oil tank, and the control switch of the control valve abuts against the lever.

[0022] In some possible embodiments, the control valve is a shut-off directional valve, which includes a P port, an A port, and a T port. The P port is connected to the hydraulic oil tank through an oil suction device, the A port is connected to the oil inlet of the spring-return hydraulic cylinder, and the T port is connected to the hydraulic oil tank.

[0023] In some possible embodiments, the oil suction device is a manual pump.

[0024] In some possible embodiments, the oil suction device is a gas-liquid booster pump.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: it is equipped with a two-stage braking system of pneumatic braking and hydraulic braking. The pneumatic braking is used for normal working braking. When the equipment overspeeds or the pneumatic braking fails, the hydraulic braking device automatically starts to clamp the I-beam rail to achieve reliable braking, which effectively solves the safety hazard of traditional pneumatic monorail cranes lacking backup braking means.

[0026] A mechanical speed limiting device is constructed by a centrifugal speed limiter, a lever, and a control valve. When the speed reaches the set threshold, the trigger lever is thrown out to push the lever to switch the control valve. After the hydraulic cylinder is depressurized, the spring drives the brake actuator to quickly clamp the track, realizing purely mechanical overspeed braking. No electronic control system is required, and the response is rapid and reliable.

[0027] The system uses a spring-reset hydraulic cylinder with an independent hydraulic oil tank, eliminating the need for complex equipment such as an electrical control box and an external hydraulic pump station. The system has a compact structure, reducing costs and maintenance difficulty. Oil replenishment is done by a manual pump or a pneumatic-hydraulic booster pump, which facilitates on-site maintenance and emergency operation. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 A perspective view of the pneumatic drive device for a pneumatic monorail crane provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 An installation perspective view of the hydraulic braking device and mechanical speed limiting device provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the installation position of the hydraulic oil tank in a pneumatic drive device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 A hydraulic system diagram of a hydraulic drive device provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0032] The text labels in the diagram represent: 10. Mechanical speed limiter; 11. Speed ​​measuring wheel; 12. Centrifugal device; 13. Pulley; 14. Control switch; 15. Control valve; 16. Tension spring; 17. Air-liquid booster pump; 20. Hydraulic braking device; 21. First brake arm; 22. Spring-return hydraulic cylinder; 23. First brake lever; 24. First limiting structure; 25. First brake block; 30. Pneumatic drive device; 31. Frame; 32. Roller assembly; 33. Transmission assembly; 34. Power unit; 40. Pneumatic braking device; 50. Elastic locking device; 60. Hydraulic oil tank. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. This description is merely illustrative and explanatory, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses a pneumatic monorail crane, mainly used in rail transportation scenarios requiring explosion-proof and reliable braking, such as underground coal mines. The pneumatic monorail crane includes a pneumatic drive unit 30, a pneumatic braking unit 40, and a hydraulic braking unit 20. The pneumatic drive unit 30 drives the equipment to run along the I-beam track, the pneumatic braking unit 40 performs conventional braking, and the hydraulic braking unit 20 performs emergency braking. All three are integrated into the same frame 31, resulting in a compact structure and high braking reliability.

[0034] In this embodiment, the pneumatic drive device 30 includes a frame 31, a transmission assembly 33, a roller assembly 32, an elastic locking device 50, and a pneumatic power unit 34. A transmission assembly 33 is hinged to each side of the frame 31, and two roller assemblies 32 are synchronously driven on the housing of each transmission assembly 33. The other ends of the housings of the two sets of transmission assemblies 33 are respectively connected to the elastic locking device 50, and the other end of the elastic locking device 50 is connected to the frame 31, so that the preload of the elastic locking device 50 presses the roller assembly 32 against the web of the I-beam track. Each transmission component 33 has a pneumatic power unit 34 connected to its bottom. The pneumatic power unit 34 drives the gears inside the transmission component 33 to mesh with each other, thereby driving the two roller assemblies 32 on the same transmission component 33 to rotate synchronously. In order to achieve the overall synchronous operation of the four roller assemblies 32, the input air pressure of the two pneumatic power units 34 is controlled synchronously to make their output speed and direction consistent, thereby driving the roller assemblies 32 on the two sets of transmission components 33 to rotate synchronously, and finally realizing the smooth movement of the pneumatic monorail along the I-beam track.

[0035] In some possible embodiments, the pneumatic power unit 34 includes a pneumatic motor and a speed reducer.

[0036] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2The pneumatic braking device 40 and the hydraulic braking device 20 are integrated at both ends of the frame 31 along the length of the track. The pneumatic braking device 40 is used for conventional braking of the pneumatic monorail, while the hydraulic braking device 20 is used to independently achieve braking when the pneumatic braking device 40 fails or emergency braking is required. It includes a braking actuator, a spring-return hydraulic cylinder 22, and a hydraulic oil tank 60. The braking actuator includes a first brake arm 21 and a second brake arm symmetrically arranged on both sides of the I-beam track, and correspondingly cooperating first brake rods 23 and 2, first brake blocks 25 and 2, and first and second limiting structures 24 and 25, respectively. The two limiting structures are fixed to the frame 31 of the pneumatic drive device 30 to provide sliding guidance for the brake rods.

[0037] In some embodiments, the middle portions of the first brake arm 21 and the second brake arm are both hinged to the frame 31 via hinge pins, forming a lever fulcrum; the first end of the first brake arm 21 is hinged to the piston rod extension end of the spring-return hydraulic cylinder 22, and the first end of the second brake arm is hinged to the bottom end of the cylinder body of the spring-return hydraulic cylinder 22; the second end of the first brake arm 21 is hinged to one end of the first brake rod 23, and the second end of the second brake arm is hinged to one end of the second brake rod; the other end of the first brake rod 23 is fixedly connected to the first brake block 25, and the other end of the second brake rod is fixedly connected to the second brake block; the first brake rod 23 passes through the first limiting structure 24 and slides in cooperation with the first limiting structure 24, and the second brake rod passes through the second limiting structure and slides in cooperation with the second limiting structure.

[0038] When the spring-return hydraulic cylinder 22 is activated, the piston rod drives the first brake arm 21 and the second brake arm to rotate around the hinge pin in their respective middle, pushing the first brake rod 23 and the second brake rod to slide axially along the corresponding limiting structure, thereby driving the first brake block 25 and the second brake block to move closer to each other, thereby achieving clamping and braking of the I-beam track.

[0039] refer to Figure 3 The hydraulic oil tank 60 is fixedly connected to the frame 31. A mechanical speed limiting device 10 is also installed on the frame 31. The mechanical speed limiting device 10 is used to trigger the hydraulic braking device 20 when the pneumatic monorail overspeeds. The mechanical speed limiting device 10 includes a centrifugal speed limiter, a lever 13, and a control valve 15.

[0040] The centrifugal speed limiter includes a speed measuring wheel 11 that rolls along the lower wing plate of the track. This speed measuring wheel 11 is rigidly connected to a centrifugal device 12 via a connecting shaft. The centrifugal device 12 integrates a trigger rod that can be thrown outwards under centrifugal force. The connecting shaft is rotatably mounted on a mounting base. One end of the mounting base is hinged to the frame 31, and the middle of the mounting base is elastically connected to the frame 31 via a tension spring 16 (the other end of the tension spring 16 is fixed to a preset position on the frame 31). Through the preload of the tension spring 16, the speed measuring wheel 11 remains tightly pressed against the surface of the lower wing plate of the track, ensuring the stability of the speed detection.

[0041] In some embodiments, a lever rotatable about its axis is provided on the mounting base, and a lever block 13 is provided at the end of the lever, which abuts against the control switch 14 of the control valve 15. When the trigger rod in the centrifugal speed governor is thrown out, the lever block 13 is actuated, causing the lever block 13 to rotate at an angle to disengage from the control switch 14 of the control valve 15. The control valve 15 then actuates and controls the spring-return hydraulic cylinder 22 to release pressure and brake.

[0042] refer to Figure 4 Control valve 15 is connected to the oil circuit of spring-return hydraulic cylinder 22. Control valve 15 is a shut-off directional valve. The P port of the shut-off directional valve is connected to the oil outlet of the air-hydraulic booster pump 17, the A port of the shut-off directional valve is connected to the oil inlet of the spring-return hydraulic cylinder 22, and the T port of the shut-off directional valve is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 60. The air inlet of the air-hydraulic booster pump 17 is connected to an air source.

[0043] In some possible embodiments, the P port of the shut-off directional valve can also be connected to the hydraulic oil tank 60 via a manual pump, and the oil inlet of the spring-reset hydraulic cylinder 22 can be achieved by manually pressurizing the manual pump.

[0044] For example, the pneumatic monorail braking system achieves braking function through the coordinated action of pneumatic braking device 40 and hydraulic braking device 20, and the specific operation method is as follows:

[0045] When the control handle is pushed, the pneumatic drive device 30 and the pneumatic brake device 40 simultaneously increase the air pressure: the pneumatic brake device 40 releases the brake on the track, and the pneumatic power unit 34 of the pneumatic drive device 30 drives the roller assembly 32 to run along the I-beam track; at this time, the hydraulic brake device 20 remains in the released brake state (the spring return hydraulic cylinder 22 is in the oil supply state, and the brake block is disengaged from the track).

[0046] After the control handle is moved to the neutral position, the pneumatic drive device 30 and the pneumatic brake device 40 stop supplying air: the pneumatic brake device 40 brakes the rail through a mechanical structure, the roller assembly 32 stops rotating, and the pneumatic monorail stops; the hydraulic brake device 20 remains in the released state.

[0047] When the operating speed does not exceed the set threshold, the hydraulic braking device 20 remains in the released braking state; when the speed exceeds the threshold, the trigger rod of the centrifugal device 12 is thrown out and pushes the dial block 13 to rotate. After the dial block 13 disengages from the control switch 14, it triggers the control valve 15 to switch states. The spring-reset hydraulic cylinder 22 of the hydraulic braking device 20 is depressurized, and the piston rod extends under the action of the spring force. Through the brake arm and brake rod, it drives the brake block to clamp the track, thereby achieving emergency braking.

[0048] When the brake needs to be released, oil can be supplied in two ways: one is by pneumatic pressurization of the air-hydraulic booster pump 17, with hydraulic oil entering the spring-reset hydraulic cylinder 22 from the hydraulic oil tank 60 via the control valve 15; the other is by manual pressurization of the manual pump, with hydraulic oil being pumped from the hydraulic oil tank 60 into the spring-reset hydraulic cylinder 22, causing the piston rod to retract and disengage the brake block from the track, thus releasing the brake.

[0049] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0050] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The above examples are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this utility model. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that due to the limitations of textual expression, while there are objectively infinite specific structures, those skilled in the art can make several improvements, modifications, or changes without departing from the principles of this utility model, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, changes, or combinations, or the direct application of the concept and technical solution of the utility model to other occasions without modification, should all be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A pneumatic monorail with two-stage braking, comprising a pneumatic drive unit and a pneumatic braking unit, wherein the pneumatic drive unit is used to drive at least one pair of rollers to run on an I-beam track, and the pneumatic braking unit is mounted on the pneumatic drive unit, characterized in that, The pneumatic drive device is also equipped with a hydraulic braking device, which includes: The braking actuator includes a braking component that moves relative to the I-beam track to clamp it; A spring-return hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder body, a piston rod, and a return spring. The return spring is configured to drive the piston rod to move when the spring-return hydraulic cylinder is depressurized. The spring-return hydraulic cylinder is connected to the brake actuator to control the action of the brake actuator. The hydraulic oil tank is connected to the spring-reset hydraulic cylinder via an oil circuit.

2. The air motor monorail hoist of claim 1, wherein, The return spring is sleeved on the outside of the cylinder body, with one end connected to the piston rod and the other end connected to the bottom of the cylinder body.

3. The pneumatic monorail crane according to claim 2, characterized in that, The braking actuator includes a first brake arm and a second brake arm, a first brake lever and a second brake lever, a first brake block and a second brake block, and a first limiting structure and a second limiting structure disposed opposite to each other. The first limiting structure and the second limiting structure are fixed to the frame of the pneumatic drive device; The first end of the first brake arm is hinged to the bottom end of the cylinder, the first end of the second brake arm is hinged to the piston rod, and the middle parts of the first brake arm and the second brake arm are respectively hinged to the frame. The second end of the first brake arm is hinged to one end of the first brake lever, and the second end of the second brake arm is hinged to one end of the second brake lever; The other end of the first brake lever is fixedly connected to the first brake block, and the other end of the second brake lever is fixedly connected to the second brake block; The first brake rod passes through the first limiting structure and slides in cooperation with the first limiting structure, and the second brake rod passes through the second limiting structure and slides in cooperation with the second limiting structure.

4. The pneumatic monorail crane according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It also includes mechanical speed limiters, which include: A centrifugal speed limiter is mounted on the frame of the pneumatic drive device, and the centrifugal speed limiter includes a trigger rod that can be thrown out radially. A lever is mounted on the frame and cooperates with the trigger lever; A control valve is installed in the oil line between the spring-return hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic oil tank, and the control switch of the control valve abuts against the lever.

5. The pneumatic monorail crane according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control valve is a shut-off directional valve, which includes a P port, an A port, and a T port. The P port is connected to the hydraulic oil tank through an oil suction device, the A port is connected to the oil inlet of the spring-return hydraulic cylinder, and the T port is connected to the hydraulic oil tank.

6. The pneumatic monorail crane according to claim 5, characterized in that, The oil suction device is a manual pump.

7. The pneumatic monorail crane according to claim 5, characterized in that, The oil suction device is a gas-liquid booster pump.

Images