A pretreatment structure of a spherical graphite reverse osmosis device

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of pretreatment structure of spherical graphite reverse osmosis equipment belongs to graphite reverse osmosis equipment technical field, the pretreatment structure of this spherical graphite reverse osmosis equipment, spherical shell is made of stainless steel, it is standard sphere, upper and lower hemispheres are connected by annular flange with sealing ring groove, rubber sealing ring is loaded in groove;Shell top has water inlet, connects umbrella-shaped water inlet distributor, central axis coincides with sphere geometric center;Bottom has water outlet, connects funnel-shaped water outlet collector;It has rotating separation component inside, including central rotating shaft and 6 pieces radial separation plate, each included angle 60 degrees;Filter medium carrier is fixed on radial separation plate, fills spherical graphite particle;Support base is connected spherical shell bottom by three equidistant support columns;The utility model can solve the technical problems that uneven distribution of graphite particle, low pretreatment efficiency exist in the pretreatment structure of spherical graphite reverse osmosis equipment in prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of graphite reverse osmosis equipment, specifically, it relates to a pretreatment structure for a spherical graphite reverse osmosis equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Spherical graphite reverse osmosis technology, as an emerging water treatment technology, has shown great application potential in industrial wastewater treatment, seawater desalination, and drinking water purification. Spherical graphite, as a pretreatment medium, possesses advantages such as large specific surface area, strong adsorption capacity, and good chemical stability, effectively removing organic pollutants, heavy metal ions, and suspended particles from water. However, existing spherical graphite reverse osmosis equipment suffers from numerous technical defects in the pretreatment stage, severely impacting the overall treatment effect. Currently, most pretreatment equipment on the market adopts traditional rectangular or cylindrical container structures. This structure has significant shortcomings in water flow distribution, easily forming dead zones and eddy currents, resulting in uneven distribution of graphite particles, with some areas having excessively high particle concentrations while others have insufficient concentrations. Existing technologies often employ simple paddle or spiral agitation methods. While these methods can produce a certain mixing effect, they have limited effectiveness in optimizing the three-dimensional spatial distribution of spherical graphite particles, making it difficult to achieve sufficient suspension and uniform dispersion of the particles. Furthermore, existing equipment suffers from design flaws in influent distribution and effluent collection. Influent often concentrates at a single point or in a specific area, causing excessive localized impact, while incomplete effluent collection leads to reduced treatment efficiency. The heat management of existing pretreatment equipment is also inadequate; the heat generated during operation cannot be effectively dissipated, affecting the adsorption performance of graphite particles and the long-term stable operation of the equipment. These technical problems result in low pretreatment efficiency of existing spherical graphite reverse osmosis equipment, hindering the full utilization of the technological advantages of spherical graphite and limiting the widespread application and promotion of this technology. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a pretreatment structure for a spherical graphite reverse osmosis device, which can solve the technical problems of uneven graphite particle distribution and low pretreatment efficiency in the pretreatment structure of existing spherical graphite reverse osmosis devices.

[0004] This utility model is implemented as follows:

[0005] This utility model provides a pretreatment structure for a spherical graphite reverse osmosis device, comprising: a spherical shell, a rotating separation component, a filter media carrier, an inlet water distributor, an outlet water collector, and a support base; the spherical shell is made of stainless steel and is in the shape of a standard sphere. The upper and lower hemispheres of the spherical shell are connected by an annular flange, and a sealing ring groove is provided on the annular flange, in which a rubber sealing ring is installed; the top of the spherical shell has an inlet, and an inlet water distributor is connected to the inlet. The inlet water distributor has an umbrella-shaped structure, and the central axis of the umbrella-shaped structure coincides with the geometric center of the spherical shell; the bottom of the spherical shell has an outlet, and an outlet water collector is connected to the outlet. The outlet water collector has a funnel-shaped structure. The spherical shell contains a rotating separation assembly, which includes a central rotating shaft and radial separation plates. The central rotating shaft passes perpendicularly through the geometric center of the spherical shell. The upper end of the central rotating shaft is connected to the top of the spherical shell via a bearing, and the lower end of the central rotating shaft is connected to the bottom of the spherical shell via a bearing. The radial separation plates are arranged radially around the central rotating shaft, and there are six radial separation plates. The angle between each radial separation plate and its adjacent radial separation plate is 60 degrees. The filter media carrier is fixedly installed on the radial separation plates, and the filter media carrier is filled with spherical graphite particles. The support base is located below the spherical shell and is connected to the bottom of the spherical shell via three equidistantly distributed support columns.

[0006] The technical advantages of the pretreatment structure of the spherical graphite reverse osmosis equipment provided by this utility model are as follows: The spherical shell design allows for a uniform three-dimensional flow field distribution of water within the spherical space, avoiding dead zones and eddies found in traditional rectangular or cylindrical containers. The radially distributed separation plates in the rotating separation assembly, combined with the rotational motion of the central axis, achieve thorough agitation and mixing of graphite particles, improving pretreatment efficiency. The umbrella-shaped structure of the inlet water distributor ensures uniform distribution of inlet water within the spherical space, while the funnel-shaped structure of the outlet water collector ensures smooth discharge of treated water. The support base provides stable mechanical support through a three-point support method, resulting in a compact and reasonable overall structure with stable and reliable operation.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the pretreatment structure of the spherical graphite reverse osmosis device of this utility model can be further improved as follows:

[0008] The water inlet distributor includes a main body and branch pipes. The main body has a conical structure with the cone apex facing downwards. A central hole is provided at the cone apex and connects to the water inlet. The branch pipes extend from the conical surface of the main body at equal angles. There are 12 branch pipes, and each branch pipe is connected to the main body at a 30-degree angle. A spray hole with a diameter of 8 mm is provided at the end of each branch pipe.

[0009] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: The conical distribution body design of the inlet distributor allows the incoming raw water to form a uniform radial diffusion along the conical surface, avoiding concentrated impact of the water flow. The equiangular arrangement of the 12 distribution branch pipes ensures 360-degree all-round distribution of water flow within the spherical space, and the 30-degree connection angle between each distribution branch pipe and the distribution body optimizes the spray direction of the water flow. The 8 mm diameter spray hole design at the end of the distribution branch pipes ensures sufficient flow rate while controlling the impact force of the water flow, which is conducive to the uniform suspension and dispersion of graphite particles and increases the contact opportunity between pollutants and graphite particles during pretreatment.

[0010] Furthermore, the central rotating shaft is a hollow shaft structure with an inner diameter of 50 mm and a wall thickness of 10 mm; the outer surface of the central rotating shaft has a spiral groove along the axial direction, the spiral groove pitch is 100 mm, the spiral groove depth is 5 mm, and the spiral groove width is 15 mm; the radial separation plate is fixed to the central rotating shaft by a key connection, the key connection position has a keyway with a depth of 8 mm, and the key material is carbon steel.

[0011] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: The hollow structure design of the central rotating shaft reduces the overall weight while ensuring strength, thus lowering the inertial resistance during rotation. The 50 mm inner diameter and 10 mm wall thickness configuration meets mechanical strength requirements while reserving space for possible future functional expansion. The spiral groove design on the outer surface creates additional water flow disturbance, promoting the three-dimensional movement of graphite particles and enhancing the mixing effect between particles and contaminants. The optimized parameters of the spiral groove's 100 mm pitch, 5 mm depth, and 15 mm width ensure both turbulence effect and avoidance of excessive resistance. The radial separation plate is fixed by a key connection, ensuring the reliability of transmission and ease of maintenance.

[0012] Furthermore, the radial separation plate has a fan-shaped structure with a central angle of 55 degrees and a radius that is 0.8 times the inner diameter of the spherical shell. The radial separation plate has a thickness of 20 mm and has circular flow holes with a diameter of 12 mm along the radial direction. The flow holes are distributed in a matrix along the surface of the radial separation plate, and the center distance between adjacent flow holes is 25 mm.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: The fan-shaped structure design of the radial separation plates, with a central angle of 55 degrees, allows the six separation plates to evenly cover the spherical space, forming an effective separation area. The fan radius is set to 0.8 times the inner diameter of the spherical shell, ensuring sufficient processing space while avoiding interference with the spherical wall. The 20 mm plate thickness provides sufficient structural strength to withstand the centrifugal force during rotation. The flow-through hole design on the radial separation plates creates a complex water flow path; the 12 mm diameter circular flow-through holes ensure appropriate flow resistance, and the 25 mm center-to-center matrix distribution ensures uniform water flow, enhancing the contact effect and separation efficiency between graphite particles and contaminants.

[0014] Furthermore, the filter media carrier has a mesh structure, which is woven from stainless steel wire with a diameter of 2 mm and a mesh aperture of 5 mm. The filter media carrier is fixed to the surface of the radial separation plate by a snap-fit ​​method, with the snap-fit ​​located at the edge of the radial separation plate, and the number of snap-fits is 8 per radial separation plate.

[0015] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: The mesh structure design of the filter media carrier, woven from 2 mm diameter stainless steel wire, provides good mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. The 5 mm mesh aperture design effectively traps larger impurity particles without excessively obstructing water flow, ensuring appropriate filtration accuracy. The mesh structure provides an ideal carrier for spherical graphite particles, allowing the particles to move freely within the mesh gaps and fully exert their adsorption effect. The snap-fit ​​fixing method simplifies the installation and replacement process of the filter media carrier; the configuration of 8 snaps per radial separation plate ensures a firm fixation of the carrier, improving the convenience of equipment maintenance and operational reliability.

[0016] Furthermore, the water collector includes a collecting funnel and a collecting pipe. The upper diameter of the collecting funnel is equal to the inner diameter of the spherical shell, and the lower diameter of the collecting funnel is 100 mm. The collecting pipe extends from the lower opening of the collecting funnel to the water outlet. The collecting pipe has a U-shaped bend structure with a bending radius of 80 mm. The inner surface of the collecting funnel is provided with guide ribs, which are spirally distributed with a spiral angle of 45 degrees.

[0017] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: The funnel-shaped collection structure of the effluent collector, with an upper diameter equal to the inner diameter of the spherical outer shell, ensures complete collection of the treated water flow, avoiding loss of treated water. The 100 mm lower diameter provides a standardized interface for subsequent pipeline connections. The U-shaped bend in the collection pipeline design, with a bending radius of 80 mm, reduces water flow resistance and acts as a buffer, preventing direct impact from the water flow. The spiral guide ribs on the inner surface of the collection funnel, with a 45-degree spiral angle, optimize the water flow collection path, reduce eddy currents, improve effluent efficiency, and ensure smooth discharge of treated water.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer surface of the spherical shell is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation fins, which are arranged along the meridian direction of the surface of the spherical shell.

[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: The heat dissipation fins on the outer surface of the spherical shell are arranged along the meridian direction in a manner that harmonizes with the spherical structure, increasing the outer surface area and improving heat dissipation efficiency. The design of the heat dissipation fins effectively dissipates the heat generated during equipment operation into the environment, preventing excessive temperature from affecting the adsorption performance of graphite particles and the operational stability of the equipment. The meridian direction arrangement conforms to the geometric characteristics of the spherical shell, which is not only aesthetically pleasing and harmonious but also facilitates processing and manufacturing. Furthermore, it allows for good airflow during equipment rotation, further enhancing the heat dissipation effect.

[0020] Furthermore, the radial separation plate has an arc-shaped guide edge, which matches the shape of the inner surface of the spherical shell.

[0021] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: the arc-shaped guide edge design of the radial separator plate perfectly matches the shape of the inner surface of the spherical shell, eliminating the water flow turbulence and energy loss that may be caused by sharp corners. The arc-shaped guide edge design makes the transition of water flow between the radial separator plate and the spherical shell smoother, reducing flow resistance and eddy current generation. This matching design not only improves the flow efficiency of water but also reduces the vibration and noise of the radial separator plate during rotation, extends the service life of the equipment, and improves the overall operational stability and reliability.

[0022] Furthermore, the central rotating shaft has tapered ends at both ends, with a tapered angle of 60 degrees.

[0023] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: The tapered end design at both ends of the central rotating shaft, with a 60-degree tapered angle, reduces stress concentration when the shaft end contacts the bearing, thus improving the bearing's service life. The streamlined structure of the tapered end reduces water flow resistance, avoids vortices and dead angles at the shaft end, and facilitates smooth water flow. The tapered design also facilitates shaft installation and positioning, improving assembly accuracy and efficiency. The 60-degree tapered angle achieves optimal hydrodynamic performance while ensuring strength, reducing energy consumption and improving the overall operating efficiency of the equipment.

[0024] Furthermore, the number of heat dissipation fins is 24, and the heat dissipation fins are distributed at equal angles on the outer surface of the spherical shell, with an included angle of 15 degrees between adjacent heat dissipation fins.

[0025] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: With 24 heat dissipation fins distributed at a 15-degree angle between adjacent fins, a uniform heat dissipation network is formed on the surface of the spherical shell. The configuration of 24 fins achieves an optimal balance between heat dissipation effect and manufacturing cost, ensuring sufficient heat dissipation area. The equidistant 15-degree angle distribution ensures uniform heat dissipation and avoids localized overheating. This precise geometric configuration not only improves heat dissipation efficiency but also maintains the aesthetic appearance and structural symmetry of the equipment, which is beneficial for stable operation in various working environments.

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the pretreatment structure of the spherical graphite reverse osmosis device provided by this utility model are as follows: This utility model, through its unique spherical shell design combined with the radial arrangement of the radial separation plates of the rotating separation component, achieves uniform distribution and thorough mixing of graphite particles in three-dimensional space, significantly improving pretreatment efficiency. The spherical structure eliminates the dead corners and eddies commonly found in traditional rectangular or cylindrical containers, allowing the water flow to form an ideal three-dimensional flow field distribution within the spherical space. The umbrella-shaped structure of the inlet distributor ensures uniform distribution of raw water, while the fan-shaped structure and flow-through configuration of the radial separation plates create a complex yet orderly water flow path, greatly enhancing the contact opportunities and contact time between graphite particles and contaminants. The hollow structure and spiral groove design of the central rotating shaft not only reduce the overall weight but also create additional water flow disturbance, promoting the three-dimensional movement of particles. The mesh structure of the filter media carrier provides an ideal carrier environment for graphite particles, enabling them to fully exert their adsorption effect. The funnel-shaped structure and spiral guide rib design of the outlet collector ensure complete collection and smooth discharge of treated water. The heat dissipation fins effectively control the equipment temperature, ensuring stable performance of the graphite particles. The overall structure is compact and rational, operates stably and reliably, and is easy to maintain, offering significant technical advantages compared to traditional pretreatment structures. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the pretreatment structure of a spherical graphite reverse osmosis device;

[0029] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the pretreatment structure of a spherical graphite reverse osmosis device;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a pretreatment system for a spherical graphite reverse osmosis device.

[0031] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0032] 1. Spherical shell; 2. Rotary separation assembly; 21. Central rotating shaft; 22. Radial separation plate; 4. Inlet water distributor; 5. Outlet water collector; 6. Support base. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] like Figures 1-3The image shows a first embodiment of the pretreatment structure of a spherical graphite reverse osmosis device provided by this utility model. In this embodiment, it includes: a spherical shell 1, a rotating separation component 2, a filter media carrier, an inlet water distributor 4, an outlet water collector 5, and a support base 6. The spherical shell 1 is made of stainless steel and has a standard spherical shape. The upper and lower hemispheres of the spherical shell 1 are connected by an annular flange. A sealing ring groove is provided on the annular flange, and a rubber sealing ring is installed in the sealing ring groove. The top of the spherical shell 1 has an inlet, and the inlet water distributor 4 is connected to the inlet. The inlet water distributor 4 has an umbrella-shaped structure, and the central axis of the umbrella-shaped structure coincides with the geometric center of the spherical shell 1. The bottom of the spherical shell 1 has an outlet, and the outlet water collector 5 is connected to the outlet. The outlet water collector 5 has a funnel-shaped structure. The spherical shell 1 is equipped with a rotating separation assembly 2, which includes a central rotating shaft 21 and radial separation plates 22. The central rotating shaft 21 passes vertically through the geometric center of the spherical shell 1. The upper end of the central rotating shaft 21 is connected to the top of the spherical shell 1 through a bearing, and the lower end of the central rotating shaft 21 is connected to the bottom of the spherical shell 1 through a bearing. The radial separation plates 22 are distributed radially around the central rotating shaft 21, and there are 6 radial separation plates 22. The angle between each radial separation plate 22 and the adjacent radial separation plate 22 is 60 degrees. The filter media carrier is fixedly installed on the radial separation plates 22, and the filter media carrier is filled with spherical graphite particles. The support base 6 is located below the spherical shell 1 and is connected to the bottom of the spherical shell 1 through three equidistantly distributed support columns.

[0035] In the above technical solution, the water inlet distributor 4 includes a distribution body and distribution branch pipes. The distribution body has a conical structure with the cone apex facing downwards. A central hole is opened at the cone apex and is connected to the water inlet. The distribution branch pipes extend from the conical surface of the distribution body at equal angles. There are 12 distribution branch pipes. The connection angle between each distribution branch pipe and the distribution body is 30 degrees. A spray hole with a diameter of 8 mm is opened at the end of the distribution branch pipe.

[0036] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the central rotating shaft 21 is a hollow shaft structure with an inner diameter of 50 mm and a wall thickness of 10 mm; the outer surface of the central rotating shaft 21 is provided with a spiral groove along the axial direction, the spiral groove pitch is 100 mm, the spiral groove depth is 5 mm, and the spiral groove width is 15 mm; the radial separation plate 22 is fixed to the central rotating shaft 21 by a key connection, the key connection position is provided with a keyway, the keyway depth is 8 mm, and the key material is carbon steel.

[0037] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the radial separation plate 22 has a fan-shaped structure with a central angle of 55 degrees and a radius of 0.8 times the inner diameter of the spherical shell 1; the thickness of the radial separation plate 22 is 20 mm, and flow holes are provided on the radial separation plate 22 along the radial direction. The flow holes are circular with a diameter of 12 mm. The flow holes are distributed in a matrix along the surface of the radial separation plate 22, and the center distance between adjacent flow holes is 25 mm.

[0038] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the filter media carrier has a mesh structure, which is woven from stainless steel wire with a diameter of 2 mm and a mesh aperture of 5 mm. The filter media carrier is fixed to the surface of the radial separation plate 22 by a snap-fit ​​method. The snap-fit ​​is located at the edge of the radial separation plate 22, and the number of snap-fits is 228 per radial separation plate.

[0039] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the water collector 5 includes a collecting funnel and a collecting pipe. The upper diameter of the collecting funnel is equal to the inner diameter of the spherical shell 1, and the lower diameter of the collecting funnel is 100 mm. The collecting pipe extends from the lower opening of the collecting funnel to the water outlet. The collecting pipe has a U-shaped bend structure with a bending radius of 80 mm. The inner surface of the collecting funnel is provided with guide ribs, which are distributed in a spiral shape with a spiral angle of 45 degrees.

[0040] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the outer surface of the spherical shell 1 is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation fins, which are arranged along the meridian direction of the surface of the spherical shell 1.

[0041] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the edge of the radial separation plate 22 is provided with an arc-shaped guide edge, which matches the shape of the inner surface of the spherical shell 1.

[0042] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the two ends of the central rotating shaft 21 are provided with tapered ends, and the tapered end has a cone angle of 60 degrees.

[0043] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the number of heat dissipation fins is 24, and the heat dissipation fins are distributed at equal angles on the outer surface of the spherical shell 1, with the included angle between adjacent heat dissipation fins being 15 degrees.

[0044] The following is a specific embodiment 1 of this utility model: The pretreatment structure of the spherical graphite reverse osmosis equipment in this embodiment adopts a spherical shell 1 with a diameter of 2000 mm. The shell material is 316L stainless steel with a wall thickness of 8 mm, capable of withstanding a working pressure of 0.6 MPa. The spherical shell 1 is divided into upper and lower hemispheres, connected by an annular flange with a diameter of 2100 mm. The flange is fixed with 16 M20 high-strength bolts, and the machining accuracy of the connection surface reaches Ra1.6 to ensure sealing performance. The sealing ring groove of the annular flange is 12 mm wide and 8 mm deep, with a 0.5 mm rounded corner transition at the bottom of the groove. A 6 mm thick nitrile rubber sealing ring is installed inside the groove. The water inlet at the top of the spherical shell 1 has a diameter of 200 mm and is connected by a flange, using a standard PN16 flange. The water outlet at the bottom has a diameter of 150 mm and is also connected by a flange. The central rotating shaft 21 is made of 45# high-quality carbon steel, with a total length of 2200 mm, an outer diameter of 140 mm, an inner diameter of 50 mm, and a wall thickness of 45 mm. The shaft is machined into 60-degree tapered ends, each 100 mm long. The shaft surface is heat-treated to achieve a hardness of HRC40-45. The spiral grooves on the shaft are CNC machined with a pitch precisely controlled at 100 mm, a groove depth of 5 mm, a groove width of 15 mm, and a spiral angle of 30 degrees. The radial separation plates 22 are made of 304 stainless steel sheet, each 20 mm thick, with a fan radius of 800 mm and a central angle of 55 degrees. The diameter of the flow holes on the separation plate surface is precisely controlled at 12 mm, with a hole spacing of 25 mm, and is laser-cut with a 0.5 mm chamfer on the hole edges. Each separation plate is connected to the central shaft by a 40 mm × 20 mm × 200 mm key, with a keyway depth of 8 mm and a fit tolerance of H7 / r6. The filter media carrier is woven from 316L stainless steel wire with a wire diameter of 2 mm, a mesh size of 5 mm × 5 mm, and a mesh size of 800 mm × 400 mm. Each carrier is secured to the radial separation plate 22 by eight stainless steel clips made of spring steel to ensure it will not loosen during operation. The main body of the inlet distributor 4 is made of cast aluminum alloy, anodized, with a cone height of 300 mm, an upper diameter of 200 mm, a lower diameter of 80 mm, and a wall thickness of 10 mm. The 12 distribution branch pipes are made of seamless steel pipe with an outer diameter of 32 mm, a wall thickness of 4 mm, and a length of 600 mm each. The jet holes at the ends of the branch pipes are precision drilled, with a diameter tolerance controlled within ±0.1 mm. The outlet collector 5 is welded from 304 stainless steel sheet, with an upper diameter of 1980 mm, a lower diameter of 100 mm, and a depth of 400 mm. The spiral guide ribs on the inner surface of the funnel are 5 mm thick, 15 mm high, and have a spiral angle of 45 degrees, with a total of 6 guide ribs. The U-shaped collecting pipe is made of seamless steel pipe with a diameter of 108 mm, a wall thickness of 6 mm, and a bending radius of 80 mm. The support base 6 is made of Q235 carbon steel welded structure, with a base plate thickness of 20 mm and dimensions of 2400 mm × 2400 mm.The three support columns are made of seamless steel pipes, with an outer diameter of 219 mm, a wall thickness of 10 mm, and a height of 1000 mm, evenly distributed at 120-degree intervals. The 24 heat dissipation fins on the outer surface are made of extruded aluminum alloy profiles, with a cross-sectional dimension of 100 mm × 20 mm and a length of 1000 mm, and are welded to the surface of the spherical outer shell. The entire equipment is designed to process a flow rate of 50 cubic meters per hour, with a graphite particle loading capacity of 800 kg, and a total weight of approximately 8.5 tons. The bearings are deep groove ball bearings, model 6236, with a rated dynamic load of 125 kN, meeting the requirements for long-term continuous operation. The drive system uses a variable frequency speed-regulating motor with a power of 15 kW and a speed range of 0-100 rpm, equipped with a reducer with a reduction ratio of 1:20. The equipment control system uses PLC program control and has functions such as automatic start / stop, speed adjustment, and fault alarm. The water quality monitoring system includes instruments such as a turbidity meter, pH meter, and conductivity meter to achieve online monitoring and data recording. During operation, graphite particles form a uniform three-dimensional suspension under the influence of a complex flow field, achieving optimal contact efficiency with contaminants. Through precise geometric design and material selection, this embodiment achieves efficient, stable, and reliable pretreatment, laying a solid foundation for subsequent reverse osmosis treatment. The equipment is easy to maintain, key components are readily replaceable, and operating costs are low, making it suitable for water treatment projects of various scales.

[0045] The following is another specific embodiment 2 of this utility model: This embodiment 2 is based on embodiment 1, and further optimizes and improves the spiral groove structure of the central rotating shaft 21. The spiral groove on the central rotating shaft 21 adopts a double spiral design, that is, two intersecting spiral grooves are simultaneously machined on the shaft surface to form a diamond-shaped mesh surface texture. The first spiral groove is machined according to the parameters of embodiment 1, with a pitch of 100 mm and a right-hand spiral direction. The second spiral groove uses the same geometric parameters, but is left-hand spiral, and the two spiral grooves form a 60-degree intersection angle on the shaft surface. This double spiral structure generates a more complex water flow disturbance mode during rotation, forming multiple eddies and shear flows, which significantly enhances the mixing effect of graphite particles. The depth of the double spiral groove is uniformly set to 6 mm, slightly deeper than the single spiral, and the groove width remains unchanged at 15 mm. The average side length of the diamond mesh is about 58 mm, and the mesh density is moderate, which ensures the disturbance effect while avoiding excessive flow resistance. Radial flow-dissipating holes were added to the shaft surface, arranged in a row of 6 holes every 200 mm, each 8 mm in diameter, inclined downwards at a 30-degree angle to the shaft centerline. These radial holes connect to the inner cavity of the hollow shaft, creating a jet effect during rotation, further enhancing the particle suspension effect. The surface roughness of the improved central shaft was optimized from Ra3.2 to Ra2.5, reducing frictional resistance. The shaft material was changed to 40Cr alloy steel, which underwent tempering and surface nitriding treatment, achieving a surface hardness of HRC58, significantly improving wear resistance. The double-helix structure was machined using a five-axis CNC machining center, ensuring the accuracy of the helix and surface quality. Through this structural improvement, the mixing uniformity of graphite particles increased by approximately 25%, and the pretreatment efficiency was significantly improved, especially when treating high-concentration organic polluted water.

[0046] The following is another specific embodiment 3 of this utility model: Based on embodiment 1, embodiment 3 innovatively improves the layout of the flow holes in the radial separation plate 22. The flow holes on the radial separation plate 22 no longer adopt a uniform matrix distribution, but instead use a biomimetic honeycomb hexagonal arrangement. Each flow hole is surrounded by six adjacent flow holes, forming a honeycomb-like densely packed structure. The hole diameter remains unchanged at 12 mm, but the center-to-center distance is adjusted to 22 mm, increasing the porosity from the original 18% to 23%, thus increasing the area of ​​the water flow channel. The honeycomb arrangement of the flow holes creates a more uniform flow resistance distribution on the surface of the separation plate, resulting in a more balanced pressure drop when water flows through, avoiding localized high-speed flow and stagnant areas. The total number of flow holes in each radial separation plate 22 increases from the original 480 to 620, but due to the optimized arrangement, the actual opening area ratio is more reasonable. The inlet edge of the flow holes adopts a tapered chamfer design with a chamfer angle of 45 degrees and a depth of 2 mm, reducing eddy current losses when water enters the channel. The inner walls of the channels are precision reamed, achieving a surface roughness of Ra0.8, further reducing flow resistance. The separation plate material has been upgraded to 2205 duplex stainless steel, offering higher strength and better corrosion resistance, making it particularly suitable for treating industrial wastewater containing chloride ions. The plate thickness has been increased to 25 mm, improving structural strength and enabling it to withstand higher rotational speeds and fluid impacts. The honeycomb-like perforation distribution also creates microscopic vortex structures on the separation plate surface. These microvortices, combined with macroscopic rotational flow, create a multi-scale turbulent mixing environment, allowing graphite particles to move fully within the flow structures at different scales, resulting in more thorough contact with contaminants. CFD fluid simulation analysis verifies that this honeycomb-like perforation layout increases the mixing efficiency of the separation plate area by approximately 35%, reduces pressure drop by 15%, and significantly improves overall pretreatment performance, particularly demonstrating excellent separation effects when treating raw water containing fine suspended particles.

[0047] Specifically, the principle of this invention is as follows: The fundamental principle behind the spherical shell design lies in utilizing the symmetry and uniformity of spherical geometry to create an ideal three-dimensional flow field environment for water flow. Any cross-section of the spherical structure is circular, without sharp corners or right angles. This geometric feature allows water to form uniform radial flow and circulation within the spherical space, avoiding the dead zones and eddies commonly found in traditional rectangular or cylindrical containers. The radial arrangement of the separation plates is based on the radial symmetry of the spherical space. The six separation plates are distributed at equal angles of 60 degrees, forming a uniform spatial division. Each sector has the same geometric characteristics and flow conditions, ensuring the uniform distribution of graphite particles within each region. The design principle of the central rotating shaft is to generate centrifugal and shear forces through rotational motion of the radial separation plates. This combined force field causes the graphite particles to undergo stratified movement in the radial direction, while simultaneously forming complex three-dimensional motion trajectories in the axial and circumferential directions, greatly increasing the collision and contact opportunities between particles and contaminants. The spiral channel design is based on the spiral flow theory in fluid mechanics. The rotating spiral channel generates spiral flow in the water. This flow mode can effectively transform axial flow into a complex three-dimensional flow, enhancing the mixing effect. The grid structure of the filter media carrier provides multi-level movement space for graphite particles. Particles can move freely inside the grid, on the grid surface, and in the grid gaps, forming multi-scale contact interfaces and improving adsorption efficiency. The umbrella-shaped structure of the inlet distributor is based on the principle of uniform fluid distribution. It transforms the concentrated inlet flow into a multi-directional dispersed flow through a conical surface and distribution branches, achieving omnidirectional uniform distribution within the spherical space. The funnel structure and spiral guide rib design of the outlet collector are based on the principles of gravity collection and flow guidance, ensuring that the treated water can be completely collected and smoothly discharged, avoiding water retention and loss.

[0048] The specific operation or use method of this utility model is as follows: Before starting the equipment, first check the sealing status of the spherical shell to ensure that the annular flange connection between the upper and lower hemispheres is tight and the rubber sealing ring is intact. Open the water inlet valve, and after the raw water fills the internal space of the spherical shell, start the drive system of the central rotating shaft to make the radial separation plate start rotating. The rotation speed is adjusted according to the water quality and flow requirements, usually controlled between 20 and 80 revolutions per minute. As the separation plate rotates, the pre-added spherical graphite particles begin to form a three-dimensional suspension state in the spherical space, and the particles are evenly dispersed under the action of centrifugal force and shear force. The raw water is evenly sprayed into the spherical space through the 12 distribution branches of the water inlet distributor, making full contact with the suspended graphite particles. The graphite particles adsorb organic pollutants, heavy metal ions and suspended impurities in the water by relying on their large specific surface area and porous structure. After the predetermined contact time, the treated water flows downward through the flow holes on the radial separation plate under the action of gravity and collects in the effluent collector. During the treatment process, it is necessary to monitor the effluent water quality regularly and adjust the rotation speed and residence time as needed. When the graphite particles reach saturation, the machine needs to be shut down for particle replacement or regeneration. When shutting down the equipment, first stop the water inlet, and wait until all the water inside the spherical shell has been drained before stopping the rotating system. Finally, clean and maintain the equipment. The entire operation is simple, convenient, and highly automated, suitable for continuous operation and unattended operation.

Claims

1. A pretreatment structure of a spherical graphite reverse osmosis apparatus, characterized by comprising: include: Spherical shell, rotating separation assembly, filter media carrier, inlet water distributor, outlet water collector and support base; The spherical outer shell is made of stainless steel and is in the shape of a standard sphere. The upper and lower hemispheres of the spherical outer shell are connected by an annular flange. The annular flange has a sealing ring groove, and a rubber sealing ring is installed in the sealing ring groove. The top of the spherical outer shell has a water inlet, and a water distributor is connected to the water inlet. The water distributor has an umbrella-shaped structure, and the central axis of the umbrella-shaped structure coincides with the geometric center of the spherical outer shell. The bottom of the spherical outer shell has a water outlet, and a water collector is connected to the water outlet. The water collector has a funnel-shaped structure. The spherical outer shell contains a rotating separation assembly, which includes a central rotating shaft and a radial... The separator has a central rotation axis that passes perpendicularly through the geometric center of the spherical shell. The upper end of the central rotation axis is connected to the top of the spherical shell via a bearing, and the lower end of the central rotation axis is connected to the bottom of the spherical shell via a bearing. The radial separators are arranged radially around the central rotation axis, and there are 6 radial separators in total. The angle between each radial separator and the adjacent radial separator is 60 degrees. The filter media carrier is fixedly installed on the radial separators and is filled with spherical graphite particles. The support base is located below the spherical shell and is connected to the bottom of the spherical shell via three equidistant support columns.

2. The pretreatment structure of a spherical graphite reverse osmosis device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water inlet distributor includes a main body and branch pipes. The main body has a conical structure with the cone apex facing downwards. A central hole is provided at the cone apex and connects to the water inlet. The branch pipes extend from the conical surface of the main body at equal angles. There are 12 branch pipes, and each branch pipe is connected to the main body at a 30-degree angle. A spray hole with a diameter of 8 mm is provided at the end of each branch pipe.

3. The pretreatment structure of a spherical graphite reverse osmosis device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The central rotating shaft is a hollow shaft structure with an inner diameter of 50 mm and a wall thickness of 10 mm. A spiral groove is formed along the axial direction on the outer surface of the central rotating shaft. The spiral groove has a pitch of 100 mm, a depth of 5 mm, and a width of 15 mm. The radial separation plate is fixed to the central rotating shaft by a key connection. A keyway is provided at the key connection position, with a depth of 8 mm. The key is made of carbon steel.

4. The pretreatment structure of a spherical graphite reverse osmosis device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The radial separation plate has a fan-shaped structure with a central angle of 55 degrees and a radius that is 0.8 times the inner diameter of the spherical shell. The radial separation plate has a thickness of 20 mm and has circular flow holes with a diameter of 12 mm along the radial direction. The flow holes are distributed in a matrix along the surface of the radial separation plate, and the center distance between adjacent flow holes is 25 mm.

5. The pretreatment structure of a spherical graphite reverse osmosis device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The filter media carrier has a mesh structure, which is woven from stainless steel wire with a diameter of 2 mm and a mesh aperture of 5 mm. The filter media carrier is fixed to the surface of the radial separation plate by a snap-fit ​​method. The snap-fit ​​is located at the edge of the radial separation plate, and there are 8 snap-fits per radial separation plate.

6. The pretreatment structure of a spherical graphite reverse osmosis device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The water collector includes a collecting funnel and a collecting pipe. The upper diameter of the collecting funnel is equal to the inner diameter of the spherical shell, and the lower diameter of the collecting funnel is 100 mm. The collecting pipe extends from the lower opening of the collecting funnel to the water outlet. The collecting pipe has a U-shaped bend structure with a bending radius of 80 mm. The inner surface of the collecting funnel is provided with guide ribs, which are distributed in a spiral shape with a spiral angle of 45 degrees.

7. A pretreatment structure for a spherical graphite reverse osmosis device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer surface of the spherical shell is provided with multiple heat dissipation fins, which are arranged along the meridian direction of the surface of the spherical shell.

8. The pretreatment structure of a spherical graphite reverse osmosis device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The radial separation plate has an arc-shaped guide edge, which matches the shape of the inner surface of the spherical shell.

9. The pretreatment structure of a spherical graphite reverse osmosis device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The central rotating shaft has tapered ends at both ends, with a tapered angle of 60 degrees.

10. The pretreatment structure of a spherical graphite reverse osmosis device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The number of heat dissipation fins is 24, and the heat dissipation fins are distributed at equal angles on the outer surface of the spherical shell, with an included angle of 15 degrees between adjacent heat dissipation fins.

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