A ship oil-containing pollutant ash separation device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a ship oil-containing pollutant ash separation device, including first reation kettle, centrifuge and finished product transfer tank, first reation kettle includes liquid inlet and liquid outlet, and centrifuge includes feed port, oil liquid export, waste liquid export and sediment collection bin, the liquid outlet of first reation kettle is communicated with the feed port of centrifuge through the conveying pipeline, and the oil liquid export of centrifuge is communicated with finished product transfer tank through the conveying pipeline, the inside of first reation kettle is equipped with stirring mechanism, and the outer wall of first reation kettle is equipped with heating device, the separation device of the utility model solves the problem of low ash removal efficiency, greatly shortens the processing cycle, and the ash removal effect is good, provides stable and reliable raw material for subsequent preparation high quality fuel oil, and significantly improves the value -added benefit of resource.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of fuel oil regeneration and processing technology, specifically relating to a device for separating ash from oily pollutants in ships. Background Technology

[0002] Oily pollutants from ships (such as oily sludge and bilge water) are among the major hazardous wastes generated by the shipping industry. Their composition is complex, containing large amounts of water, suspended solids (ash), heavy oil substances, and emulsified oil. Currently, the main treatment methods for these oily pollutants include physical separation, chemical treatment, and resource utilization. Among these, further processing the oil phase to convert it into standard-compliant fuel oil after removing ash and impurities can achieve the dual goals of waste resource utilization and economic benefits, and has become a key research direction in the industry.

[0003] In traditional processes, ash removal typically employs flocculation and sedimentation, where flocculants (such as inorganic salts or polymers) are added to aggregate and settle finely dispersed solid particles, thus achieving three-phase separation of oil, water, and solids. However, this method has significant drawbacks: 1. Low separation efficiency: The flocculation process relies on natural gravity sedimentation, which is time-consuming (usually requiring tens of hours); 2. Limited processing scale: Low-speed sedimentation and intermittent operation result in large equipment footprints and low capacity, making it difficult to adapt to large-scale continuous production needs; 3. Poor process compatibility: Subsequent deep processing requires extremely low ash content in the raw materials (usually below 0.1%), while the oil phase after flocculation and sedimentation still retains a significant amount of fine ash, requiring repeated processing, further increasing costs and complexity. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a separation device that can efficiently remove ash, providing a stable and reliable raw material for the subsequent production of high-quality fuel oil and significantly improving the value-added benefits of resource utilization. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a separation device that can achieve efficient ash removal.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a ship oil pollutant ash separation device, comprising a first reaction vessel, a centrifuge, and a finished product transfer tank; the first reaction vessel includes an inlet and an outlet, and the centrifuge includes a feed inlet, an oil outlet, a waste outlet, and a sediment collection bin; the outlet of the first reaction vessel is connected to the feed inlet of the centrifuge via a conveying pipeline, and the oil outlet of the centrifuge is connected to the finished product transfer tank via a conveying pipeline; the first reaction vessel is equipped with a stirring mechanism inside, and a heating device is provided on the outer wall of the first reaction vessel.

[0006] This utility model discloses a ship oil pollutant ash separation device. In the first reaction vessel, the ship oil pollutant raw material undergoes a chemical reaction with the deashing agent. After the reaction is complete, it is conveyed into a centrifuge to complete solid-liquid separation, achieving deashing, dehydration, and impurity removal. The oil after impurity removal is then conveyed to the finished product transfer tank through the oil outlet of the centrifuge. Compared with the prior art, by setting up a centrifuge instead of the traditional gravity settling tank, the problem of low deashing efficiency is solved. The centrifuge has a high separation factor, which shortens the solid-liquid separation time that originally required tens of hours to be completed in a few hours. This not only greatly shortens the processing cycle, but also has a better deashing effect than flocculation and sedimentation, so that the final regenerated marine oil product meets the national quality standard of marine residual fuel oil GB / T17411-2015 "Marine Fuel Oil".

[0007] In some embodiments, the ship's oil pollutant ash separation device further includes a second reaction vessel, which also includes an inlet and an outlet. The oil outlet of the centrifuge is connected to the inlet of the second reaction vessel via a conveying pipeline, and the outlet of the second reaction vessel is connected to the feed inlet of the centrifuge via a conveying pipeline. The second reaction vessel also has an internal stirring mechanism and a heating device on its outer wall. Therefore, when the ash content in the raw material is high, adding a second reaction vessel and connecting it to the centrifuge allows for a two-stage reaction and two-stage centrifugation process (initial deashing and secondary deashing), ultimately ensuring that the ash content of the finished oil meets the required standards.

[0008] In some embodiments, the heating device is a closed jacket enclosing the outer walls of the first and second reactors. Thus, by providing jacketed heating on the outer walls of the reactors, a stable heat source is provided for the chemical reaction in the reactors through indirect heating. Simultaneously, the high temperature reduces the viscosity of the materials, which is beneficial for subsequent centrifugal separation.

[0009] In some embodiments, a semi-finished product transfer tank is connected between the oil outlet of the centrifuge and the liquid inlet of the second reactor. Thus, the semi-finished product that has undergone initial deashing is stored in the semi-finished product transfer tank.

[0010] In some embodiments, the centrifuge is a three-phase tubular centrifuge, which has a rotating drum and a self-made ring fitted around the outer wall of the drum. The oil outlet of the centrifuge is located at the top of the outer wall, the waste liquid outlet is located in the middle of the outer wall, and the sediment collection chamber is located at the bottom of the centrifuge. Thus, oily contaminants enter the high-speed rotating drum. Under the strong centrifugal force, the denser heavy liquid is thrown towards the drum wall, forming an outer ring; the less dense light liquid is pushed towards the center, forming an inner ring. The separated light liquid (oil) flows out from the oil outlet at the top of the drum, the heavy liquid (waste liquid) flows out from the waste liquid outlet in the middle of the drum, and the ash is deposited in the sediment collection chamber at the bottom of the centrifuge. This achieves efficient liquid-liquid or liquid-solid separation through the rotating drum and the self-made ring.

[0011] In some embodiments, the homemade ring includes a ring body with an inner hole at its center through which the rotating shaft of the drum passes, and the diameter of the inner hole is larger than the outer diameter of the rotating shaft. Thus, through the gap formed between the inner hole of the ring and the rotating shaft, the light liquid and the heavy liquid flow out separately in a separated state.

[0012] In some embodiments, the flow rate of the three-phase tubular centrifuge is 150 L / h, and the orifice diameter φd ranges from 51.1 to 51.2 mm. Therefore, by setting the orifice diameter of the self-made ring within this range, the heavy liquid flow area of ​​the self-made ring is smaller than that of the standard small through-ring, resulting in slightly higher flow resistance. This improves the heavy liquid entrainment phenomenon. For raw materials or semi-finished products with a moisture content ≤1%, after entering the centrifuge, it can reduce the oil content in the wastewater (heavy liquid) separated by the centrifuge. Simultaneously, it matches the centrifuge's flow rate of 150 L / h, achieving optimal results. This reduces the oil content in the wastewater separated by the centrifuge to below 0.1%, increasing the fuel oil yield by 1%.

[0013] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the ring is provided with an inclined heavy liquid guiding surface. This allows the heavy liquid and light liquid to form a clear separation interface under centrifugal force through the heavy liquid guiding surface.

[0014] In some embodiments, the ship's oily pollutant ash separation device also includes an electrical control system. Each conveying pipeline is equipped with a conveying pump, and the electrical control system is electrically connected to the stirring mechanism of the first reaction vessel, the heating device on the outer wall of the first reaction vessel, the centrifuge, the stirring mechanism of the second reaction vessel, the heating device on the outer wall of the second reaction vessel, and the conveying pumps. This allows for coordinated control of the entire separation device's operation.

[0015] In some implementations, the three-phase tubular centrifuge operates at a speed of 15,000 to 18,000 rpm. This selection of a suitable centrifugation speed ensures optimal separation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a ship oily pollutant ash separation device according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Structural diagram of a three-phase tubular centrifuge; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a tubular centrifuge. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a self-made ring.

[0017] In the picture: 1. First reactor; 2. Centrifuge; 21. Feed inlet; 22. Oil outlet; 23. Waste outlet; 24. Rotary drum; 25. Self-made ring; 251. Heavy liquid guide surface; 3. Finished product transfer tank; 4. Second reactor; 5. Semi-finished product transfer tank; 6. Steam generator; 7. Cooling tower; 8. Wastewater and waste liquid receiving tank; 9. Transfer pump; 10. First finished product tank; 11. Second finished product tank. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and their variations all mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0020] Figure 1 The diagram schematically illustrates a ship oily pollutant ash separation device according to one embodiment of the present invention. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the device includes a first reaction vessel 1, a centrifuge 2, and a finished product transfer tank 3; the first reaction vessel 1 includes an inlet and an outlet, and the centrifuge 2 includes a feed inlet 21, an oil outlet 22, a waste outlet 23, and a sediment collection bin; the outlet of the first reaction vessel 1 is connected to the feed inlet 21 of the centrifuge 2 through a conveying pipe, and the oil outlet 22 of the centrifuge 2 is connected to the finished product transfer tank 3 through a conveying pipe; the first reaction vessel 1 is equipped with a stirring mechanism inside, and a heating device is provided on the outer wall of the first reaction vessel 1.

[0021] This utility model discloses a ship oil pollutant ash separation device. First, a transfer pump 9 delivers the ship oil pollutant raw material to a first reaction vessel 1 and drives a stirring mechanism for stirring. The material is then heated by a heating device. Next, a deashing agent is added to the first reaction vessel 1, allowing the raw material to chemically react with the agent. After the reaction is complete, the material is transferred to a centrifuge 2. The centrifuge 2 rotates at high speed, completing solid-liquid separation within the centrifuge, achieving deashing, dehydration, and impurity removal. The oil, after impurity removal, is then further processed by a centrifuge... The oil outlet 22 of centrifuge 2 is fed into the finished product transfer tank 3, and then further packaged into the finished product tank. Compared with the existing technology, by setting centrifuge 2 instead of the traditional gravity settling tank, the problem of low deashing efficiency is solved. Centrifuge 2 has a high separation factor, which shortens the solid-liquid separation time that originally required tens of hours to be completed in a few hours. This not only greatly shortens the processing cycle, but also has a better deashing effect than flocculation and sedimentation, so that the final regenerated marine oil product meets the national quality standard of marine residual fuel oil GB / T17411-2015 "Marine Fuel Oil".

[0022] In this embodiment, centrifuge 2 is a three-phase tubular centrifuge 2, and the rotational speed of the three-phase tubular centrifuge 2 is configured to be 15,000~18,000 rpm. See [link to documentation]. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the three-phase tubular centrifuge 2 has a rotating drum 24, and a self-made ring 25 is fitted onto the outer wall of the rotating drum 24. The oil outlet 22 of the centrifuge 2 is located at the top of the outer wall of the centrifuge 2, the waste liquid outlet 23 of the centrifuge 2 is located in the middle of the outer wall of the centrifuge 2, and the sediment collection bin is located at the bottom of the centrifuge 2. Thus, oily contaminants enter the high-speed rotating drum 24. Under the action of strong centrifugal force, the denser heavy liquid is thrown towards the wall of the drum 24, forming an outer ring; the less dense light liquid is pushed towards the center, forming an inner ring. The separated light liquid (oil) flows out from the oil outlet 22 at the top of the drum 24, and the heavy liquid (waste liquid) flows out from the waste liquid outlet 23 in the middle of the drum 24 and enters the wastewater and waste liquid receiving bin 8. The ash is deposited in the sediment collection bin at the bottom of the centrifuge 2, thereby achieving efficient liquid-liquid or liquid-solid separation through the rotating drum 24 and the self-made ring 25.

[0023] For raw materials with an ash content in the range of 1-1.7%, it is necessary to increase the number of reactions and centrifugation processes. In this embodiment, for example... Figure 1As shown, the ship oil pollutant ash separation device also includes a second reaction vessel 4, which also includes an inlet and an outlet. The oil outlet 22 of the centrifuge 2 is connected to the inlet of the second reaction vessel 4 via a conveying pipe, and the outlet of the second reaction vessel 4 is connected to the feed inlet 21 of the centrifuge 2 via a conveying pipe. The second reaction vessel 4 is also equipped with a stirring mechanism inside, and a heating device is also provided on the outer wall of the second reaction vessel 4. Preferably, a semi-finished product transfer tank 53 is connected between the oil outlet 22 of the centrifuge 2 and the inlet of the second reaction vessel 4. When the ash content in the raw material is higher than that in the previous embodiment, adding a second reaction vessel 4 and connecting the second reaction vessel 4 to the centrifuge 2 can realize a two-stage reaction and two-stage centrifugation (initial deashing and secondary deashing) processing technology, ultimately ensuring that the ash content of the finished oil meets the requirements. The specific process route for 2-reaction + 2-centrifugation processing is as follows: Ship oily pollutant raw material → raw material inlet pipeline a → first reactor 1 (reaction in the first reactor) → centrifuge inlet pipeline b → three-phase tubular centrifuge → centrifuge outlet semi-finished oil pipeline c → semi-finished product transfer tank 53 → semi-finished product second reactor pipeline e → second reactor 4 (reaction in the second reactor) → centrifuge inlet pipeline f → three-phase tubular centrifuge → centrifuge outlet finished oil pipeline g → finished product transfer tank 3 → finished fuel oil inlet pipeline h → first finished product tank 10 or second finished product tank 11.

[0024] In a specific embodiment, the heating device is a closed jacket enclosing the outer walls of the first reactor 1 and the second reactor 4. Thus, by providing jacket heating on the outer walls of the reactors, a stable heat source is provided for the chemical reaction within the reactors through indirect heating. Simultaneously, the high temperature reduces the viscosity of the materials, which is beneficial for subsequent centrifugal separation. In this example, steam heating is used. Steam is introduced into the jacket, and the large amount of latent heat released by steam condensation heats the interior of the reactors. Therefore, the separation device includes a steam generator 6, which is connected to the closed jacket of the first reactor 1 and the second reactor 4 via pipelines. Preferably, a cooling tower 7 is also provided for cooling the first reactor 1 and the second reactor 4.

[0025] The ship's oil pollutant ash separation device also includes an electrical control system. A transfer pump 9 is installed on each of the conveying pipelines. The electrical control system is electrically connected to the stirring mechanism of the first reaction vessel 1, the heating device on the outer wall of the first reaction vessel 1, the centrifuge 2, the stirring mechanism of the second reaction vessel 4, the heating device on the outer wall of the second reaction vessel 4, and the transfer pump 9. This allows for coordinated control of the entire separation device's operation.

[0026] In this example, the three-phase tubular centrifuge 2 uses the GF tubular centrifuge 2. The key dimensions of the specific gravity rings supplied by the manufacturer are shown in Table 1 below, numbered 1-4, for a total of 4 rings. Their functions are check ring, small ring, medium ring, and large ring, respectively. During the test, the 4 specific gravity rings were replaced and tested multiple times. The specific dimensions and application range of the specific gravity rings supplied by the manufacturer are shown in Table 1 below.

[0027] Table 1. Parameters and Application Range of Specific Gravity Ring

[0028] During the experiment, it was found that the standard specific gravity ring provided by the manufacturer was not suitable for raw materials with a moisture content of ≤1%. When the raw materials (or semi-finished products) entering the centrifuge 2 had a moisture content of ≤1%, it was found that the heavy liquid (wastewater) separated by the centrifuge 2 had an oil content of about 1% or more, which was serious and resulted in a large loss of finished products.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, the self-made ring 25 includes a ring body with an inner hole at its center for the shaft of the rotating drum 24 to pass through. The diameter φd of the inner hole is larger than the outer diameter of the shaft. Thus, through the gap formed between the inner hole of the ring and the shaft, the light liquid and heavy liquid flow out separately in a separated state. The inner wall of the ring body has an inclined heavy liquid guiding surface 251. Therefore, under centrifugal force, the heavy liquid and light liquid can easily form a clear separation interface through the heavy liquid guiding surface 251. The flow rate of the three-phase tubular centrifuge 2 is 150 L / h, and the diameter φd of the inner hole ranges from 51.1 to 51.2 mm, preferably 51.16 ± 0.01 mm. The inner diameter of the self-made ring 25 is set within this range, smaller than the inner diameter of the standard small through ring, and slightly larger than the inner diameter of the check ring. In this way, the heavy liquid flow area of ​​the self-made ring 25 is smaller than that of the standard small through ring, resulting in a larger flow resistance. This improves the heavy liquid entrainment phenomenon. For raw materials or semi-finished products with a water content of ≤1%, after entering the centrifuge 2, it can reduce the oil content in the wastewater (heavy liquid) separated by the centrifuge 2. At the same time, it matches the flow rate of the centrifuge 2 of 150L / h to achieve better results, thereby reducing the oil content in the wastewater separated by the centrifuge 2 to below 0.1% and increasing the yield of fuel oil by 1%.

[0030] This utility model's ship oil pollutant ash separation device solves the problem of low deashing efficiency by replacing the traditional gravity settling tank with a centrifuge 2. It not only greatly shortens the processing cycle, but also achieves better deashing effect than flocculation and settling. This ensures that the regenerated marine oil product meets the national quality standards for marine residual fuel oil, providing a stable and reliable raw material for the subsequent preparation of high-quality fuel oil and significantly improving the value-added benefits of resource utilization.

[0031] The above descriptions are merely some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are protected by this utility model.

Claims

1. An oil-containing pollutant ash separation device for a marine vessel, characterized in that, It includes a first reaction vessel, a centrifuge, and a finished product transfer tank; the first reaction vessel includes a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and the centrifuge includes a feed inlet, an oil outlet, a waste liquid outlet, and a sediment collection bin; The liquid outlet of the first reactor is connected to the feed inlet of the centrifuge through a conveying pipeline, and the oil outlet of the centrifuge is connected to the finished product transfer tank through a conveying pipeline; the first reactor is equipped with a stirring mechanism inside, and a heating device is provided on the outer wall of the first reactor.

2. The ship oil-containing pollutant ash separation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, It also includes a second reaction vessel, which also includes an inlet and an outlet. The oil outlet of the centrifuge is connected to the inlet of the second reaction vessel through a conveying pipe, and the outlet of the second reaction vessel is connected to the feed inlet of the centrifuge through a conveying pipe. The second reaction vessel is also equipped with a stirring mechanism inside, and a heating device is also provided on the outer wall of the second reaction vessel.

3. A ship oil-containing pollutant ash separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heating device is a closed jacket wrapped around the outer walls of the first and second reaction vessels.

4. The ship oil-containing pollutant ash separation apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by, A semi-finished product transfer tank is connected between the oil outlet of the centrifuge and the liquid inlet of the second reaction vessel.

5. The ship oily pollutant ash separation device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The centrifuge is a three-phase tubular centrifuge, which has a rotating drum and a self-made ring fitted on the outer wall of the rotating drum. The oil outlet of the centrifuge is located at the top of the outer wall of the centrifuge, the waste liquid outlet of the centrifuge is located in the middle of the outer wall of the centrifuge, and the sludge collection bin is located at the bottom of the centrifuge.

6. The ship oil-containing pollutant ash separation apparatus according to claim 5, characterized by, The self-made ring includes a ring body, the center of which has an inner hole through which the rotating shaft of the drum passes, and the diameter of the inner hole is larger than the outer diameter of the rotating shaft.

7. A ship oil-containing pollutant ash separation device according to claim 6, characterized in that The flow rate of the three-phase tubular centrifuge is 150 L / h, and the diameter φd of the inner hole ranges from 51.1 to 51.2 mm.

8. The ship oily pollutant ash separation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner wall of the ring is provided with a heavy liquid guiding surface, which is inclined.

9. The ship oily pollutant ash separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes an electrical control system, and a delivery pump is installed on the delivery pipeline. The electrical control system is electrically connected to the stirring mechanism of the first reaction vessel, the heating device on the outer wall of the first reaction vessel, the centrifuge, the stirring mechanism of the second reaction vessel, the heating device on the outer wall of the second reaction vessel, and the delivery pump.

10. The ship oily pollutant ash separation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The speed of the three-phase tubular centrifuge is 15,000 to 18,000 rpm.

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