Self-aligning device

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of railway line maintenance technology, and in particular to an automatic alignment device. It includes a support mounted on railway construction equipment. The support is a vertically arranged cylindrical structure. A longitudinal sliding column is vertically slidable within the support. A lifting mechanism for controlling the up-and-down movement of the longitudinal sliding column is mounted on the support. A transverse shaft is horizontally mounted at the bottom of the longitudinal sliding column. A positioning wheel is rotatably mounted at the cantilevered end of the transverse shaft. A conical inclined surface is provided on the side of the positioning wheel near the inner side of the top of the rail. A pressure sensor for sensing changes in vertical pressure on the transverse shaft is installed inside the bottom of the longitudinal sliding column. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to a controller, which is electrically connected to the lifting mechanism. This automatic alignment device can continuously and smoothly pass through narrow spaces such as turnouts and guardrails. It can also guide the centers of various working mechanisms on railway construction equipment to coincide with the center of the working rail, eliminating the operational hazards that may occur if the working mechanisms deviate from the working center.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of railway line maintenance technology, and in particular to an automatic alignment device. Background Technology

[0002] To ensure the safety of railway lines and railway operating equipment, the design of the conical tread structure of railway wheels and rails and the wheel-rail clearance inevitably cause railway construction equipment (such as rail grinding vehicles) to undergo serpentine movements and other lateral movements during operation. This can cause the working mechanism on the railway construction equipment to deviate laterally from the accurate working position during operation, potentially causing secondary damage to the rails and tracks or reducing the effectiveness of the work.

[0003] To avoid this situation, when railway construction equipment passes through narrow spaces such as turnouts and guardrails, the construction mechanism must be raised, crossed, and then lowered again to continue the work. This creates blind spots in the work, making it impossible to achieve a balanced and consistent work quality on the track after the work is completed. This reduces the overall work quality of the track after the work is completed and will, to some extent, limit and affect the operational quality of the railway line. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic centering device.

[0005] The automatic centering device provided by this utility model adopts the following technical solution: An automatic alignment device includes a support installed on railway construction equipment. The support is a vertically arranged cylindrical structure. A longitudinal sliding column is vertically slidable inside the support. A lifting mechanism for controlling the up-and-down movement of the longitudinal sliding column is installed on the support. A transverse shaft is horizontally installed at the bottom of the longitudinal sliding column. A positioning wheel is rotatably installed at the cantilever end of the transverse shaft. A tapered inclined surface is provided on the side of the positioning wheel near the inner side of the top of the rail. A pressure sensor for sensing the vertical pressure change of the transverse shaft is installed inside the bottom of the longitudinal sliding column. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to a controller. The controller is electrically connected to the lifting mechanism.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the automatic centering device of this utility model, through the structural design of two sets of positioning wheels for auxiliary positioning, can ensure that the automatic centering device can continuously and smoothly pass through narrow spaces such as turnouts and guard rails, and can also guide the center of various operation and construction mechanisms set on railway construction equipment to coincide with the center of the working rail, eliminating the operation hazards that may be caused by the operation and construction mechanism deviating from the operation center, realizing continuous operation and construction of line maintenance, and improving the overall maintenance operation quality.

[0007] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a geared motor, which is mounted on the top of the support via a connecting seat. The geared motor is connected by a key to a lead screw coaxially disposed within the support. An adjusting nut is threaded onto the lead screw, and the adjusting nut is fixedly engaged with a longitudinal slide column.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the controller controls the geared motor to work, and the geared motor drives the lead screw to rotate forward and backward, thereby driving the adjusting nut to move the longitudinal slide column up and down, so as to dynamically adjust the spatial height of the positioning wheel. This lifting mechanism is easy to control, has high control accuracy, and has good practical effect.

[0009] Preferably, the longitudinal slide column has a cavity from the top to the middle, and the outer wall of the adjusting nut is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the cavity of the longitudinal slide column.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the cavity serves two purposes: it provides space for the installation of the adjusting nut and it can also accommodate the lead screw.

[0011] Preferably, a copper sleeve is fixedly fitted inside the support, a longitudinal sliding column is slidably installed inside the copper sleeve, a sliding groove is provided on the outer wall of the copper sleeve along the vertical direction, and an oil cup extending into the sliding groove is fixedly installed on the side wall of the support.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, lubricating oil can be injected into the copper sleeve through the oil cup to facilitate the smooth movement of the longitudinal slide column.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the longitudinal slide column is provided with a mounting hole along the transverse direction, the fixed end of the transverse shaft passes through the mounting hole, the pressure sensor is installed in the hole wall of the mounting hole, and the fixed end of the transverse shaft is fixedly installed with a shaft cover by a shaft end screw.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the horizontal shaft is installed on the longitudinal slide column through the mounting hole, shaft cover and shaft end screw, which facilitates the installation or disassembly of the horizontal shaft and improves the ease of operation.

[0015] Preferably, a bearing is installed inside the positioning wheel, the outer ring of the bearing is interference-fitted with the positioning wheel, the inner ring of the bearing is interference-fitted with the horizontal shaft, and an end cover is installed on the side of the positioning wheel away from the horizontal shaft, and the end cover is fixed to the positioning wheel by mounting bolts.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the horizontal shaft is connected to the positioning wheel through the bearing, which makes the positioning wheel rotate more flexibly. At the same time, the bearing also facilitates the connection between the positioning wheel and the horizontal shaft.

[0017] Preferably, a connecting plate is vertically fixed to the side wall of the support, and the connecting plate is fixed to the frame of the railway construction equipment by bolts.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the support can be fixedly installed on the frame of railway construction equipment through connecting plates and bolts, so as to facilitate the installation or disassembly of the support and improve the convenience of operation.

[0019] Preferably, a pressure cap is installed at the top of the lead screw, and the pressure cap is fixed to the geared motor by fixing screws.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the top of the lead screw is connected to the geared motor through a pressure cap and fixing screws, which facilitates the fixed installation of the lead screw and improves the convenience of operation. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic centering device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic centering device and its cooperation with the rail in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Support; 11. Connecting seat; 12. Copper sleeve; 2. Connecting plate; 3. Railway construction equipment frame; 4. Longitudinal sliding column; 41. Mounting hole; 42. Mounting groove; 5. Lifting mechanism; 51. Gear motor; 52. Lead screw; 53. Adjusting nut; 54. Key; 55. Pressure cap; 56. Fixing screw; 6. Horizontal shaft; 61. Shaft cover; 62. Shaft end screw; 7. Positioning wheel; 71. Bearing; 72. End cover; 73. Mounting bolt; 74. Conical inclined surface; 8. Pressure sensor; 9. Oil cup. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following combination Figs. 1-2 This utility model will be described in further detail.

[0025] This utility model discloses an automatic centering device. The automatic centering device includes a support 1, which is a vertically arranged cylindrical structure. A rectangular connecting plate 2 is vertically fixed to the outer wall of the support 1. The connecting plate 2 is fixedly installed on the railway construction equipment frame 3 by bolts. The railway construction equipment frame 3 is part of the railway construction equipment.

[0026] A longitudinal sliding column 4 is vertically slidably disposed inside the support 1. A cavity is provided inside the longitudinal sliding column 4 from the top to the middle. A lifting mechanism 5 for driving the longitudinal sliding column 4 to move up and down is also installed on the support 1. The lifting mechanism 5 includes a reduction motor 51, which is located above the support 1 and fixedly installed on the support 1 through a connecting seat 11. A lead screw 52 is coaxially disposed inside the support 1. An adjusting nut 53 is threaded at the bottom of the lead screw 52. The outer wall of the adjusting nut 53 is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the cavity at the top of the longitudinal sliding column 4.

[0027] The top of the lead screw 52 is connected to the geared motor 51 via a key 54. The geared motor 51 drives the lead screw 52 to rotate in both directions. A pressure cover 55 is installed on the top of the lead screw 52, ​​and the pressure cover 55 is fixed to the geared motor 51 by fixing screws 56. A mounting hole 41 is provided transversely through the bottom of the longitudinal slide column 4. A horizontal shaft 6 is detachably installed in the mounting hole 41. The axis of the horizontal shaft 6 is perpendicular to the axis of the longitudinal slide column 4. A positioning wheel 7 is rotatably installed on the cantilever end of the horizontal shaft 6. The positioning wheel 7 is used to abut against the inner side of the top of the rail to generate tangential friction, thereby realizing the rolling operation and positioning of the positioning wheel 7 on the inner side of the rail. A shaft cover 61 is fixedly installed on the fixed end of the horizontal shaft 6 by shaft end screws 62.

[0028] A bearing 71 is installed inside the positioning wheel 7. The outer ring of the bearing 71 is interference-fitted with the positioning wheel 7, and the inner ring of the bearing 71 is interference-fitted with the horizontal shaft 6. An end cover 72 is installed on the side of the positioning wheel 7 away from the horizontal shaft 6 to facilitate the installation of the bearing 71 through this side. The end cover 72 is fixed to the positioning wheel 7 by mounting bolts 73. A tapered inclined surface 74 is provided on the side of the positioning wheel 7 that contacts the rail to adapt to changes in track gauge.

[0029] Mounting slots 42 are provided on the top and bottom walls of mounting hole 41, respectively, through which the longitudinal sliding column 4 passes in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the horizontal axis 6. A pressure sensor 8 is installed in the mounting slot 42, and an ear plate is fixed to the pressure sensor 8. The ear plate is fixed to the bottom wall of the mounting slot 42 by screws. The mounting slot 42 is provided to facilitate the installation of the pressure sensor 8. The clearance between the longitudinal sliding column 4 and the horizontal axis 6 is greater than the clearance between the pressure sensor 8 and the horizontal axis 6, so that the pressure sensor 8 is triggered first when the horizontal axis 6 moves vertically.

[0030] The pressure sensor 8 is electrically connected to the controller, which can be an existing programmable PLC control system. The controller is electrically connected to the geared motor 51. A copper sleeve 12 is fixedly fitted inside the support 1. The longitudinal sliding column 4 is slidably installed inside the copper sleeve 12. A vertical groove is provided on the outer wall of the copper sleeve 12. An oil cup 9 extending into the groove is fixedly installed on the side wall of the support 1. Lubricating oil can be injected between the copper sleeve 12 and the longitudinal sliding column 4 through the oil cup 9.

[0031] The implementation principle of the automatic centering device in this embodiment of the utility model is as follows: The automatic centering device is installed on the railway construction equipment. After the railway construction equipment is placed on the rail, the operator controls the reduction motor 51 to work through the controller. The reduction motor 51 drives the lead screw 52 to rotate. The lead screw 52 drives the longitudinal sliding column 4 to move downward until the conical inclined surface 74 of the two positioning wheels 7 contacts the inner side of the top of the two rails respectively. The vertical force of the rail on the positioning wheel 7 is detected by the pressure sensor 8. When the pressure reaches the reasonable design range, the controller controls the reduction motor 51 to stop working. At this time, the positioning wheel 7 is in stable contact with the rail.

[0032] During the operation of railway construction equipment, when the railway track gauge narrows, the pressure sensor 8 detects an increase in the vertical force exerted by the rail on the positioning wheel 7. The signal is transmitted to the controller, which then controls the reduction motor 51 to operate. The lead screw 52 drives the longitudinal sliding column 4 to rise until the pressure returns to the set range, at which point the reduction motor 51 stops operating. When the railway track gauge widens, the pressure sensor 8 detects a decrease in the vertical force exerted by the rail on the positioning wheel 7. The signal is transmitted to the controller, which then controls the reduction motor 51 to operate. The lead screw 52 drives the longitudinal sliding column 4 to descend, and the positioning wheel 7 makes stable contact with the rail until the pressure returns to the set range. In this way, the height of the positioning wheel 7 is automatically and dynamically adjusted according to the change in track gauge to ensure effective contact between the positioning wheel 7 and the rail.

[0033] The automatic centering device of this utility model adopts a structural design with two sets of positioning wheels 7 for auxiliary positioning. Under the premise of ensuring that the automatic centering device can pass through narrow spaces such as turnouts and guard rails continuously and smoothly, it can also guide the center of various operation and construction mechanisms set on railway construction equipment to coincide with the center of the working rail, eliminate the operation hazards that may be caused by the operation and construction mechanism deviating from the operation center, realize continuous operation and construction of track maintenance, and improve the overall maintenance operation quality.

[0034] The above are all preferred embodiments of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape and principle of this utility model should be covered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. An automatic centering device characterized by: The system includes a support (1) installed on railway construction equipment. The support (1) is a vertically arranged cylindrical structure. A longitudinal sliding column (4) is vertically slidable inside the support (1). A lifting mechanism (5) for controlling the vertical movement of the longitudinal sliding column (4) is installed on the support (1). A horizontal shaft (6) is horizontally installed at the bottom of the longitudinal sliding column (4). A positioning wheel (7) is rotatably installed at the cantilever end of the horizontal shaft (6). A tapered inclined surface (74) is provided on the side of the positioning wheel (7) near the inner side of the top of the rail. A pressure sensor (8) for sensing the vertical pressure change of the horizontal shaft (6) is installed inside the bottom of the longitudinal sliding column (4). The pressure sensor (8) is electrically connected to a controller. The controller is electrically connected to the lifting mechanism (5).

2. The self-aligning device of claim 1, wherein: The lifting mechanism (5) includes a geared motor (51), which is mounted on the top of the support (1) via a connecting seat (11). The geared motor (51) is connected to a lead screw (52) coaxially located in the support (1) via a key (54). An adjusting nut (53) is threaded onto the lead screw (52), and the adjusting nut (53) is fixedly engaged with the longitudinal slide column (4).

3. The self-aligning device of claim 2, wherein: The longitudinal slide column (4) has a cavity from the top to the middle, and the outer wall of the adjusting nut (53) is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the cavity of the longitudinal slide column (4).

4. The self-aligning device of claim 1, wherein: A copper sleeve (12) is fixedly fitted inside the support (1). A longitudinal sliding column (4) is slidably installed inside the copper sleeve (12). A sliding groove is provided on the outer wall of the copper sleeve (12) along the vertical direction. An oil cup (9) extending into the sliding groove is fixedly installed on the side wall of the support (1).

5. The self-aligning device of claim 1, wherein: The bottom of the longitudinal slide column (4) is provided with a mounting hole (41) along the transverse direction. The fixed end of the horizontal shaft (6) passes through the mounting hole (41). The pressure sensor (8) is installed in the hole wall of the mounting hole (41). The fixed end of the horizontal shaft (6) is fixedly installed with a shaft cover (61) by a shaft end screw (62).

6. The self-aligning device of claim 1, wherein: A bearing (71) is installed inside the positioning wheel (7). The outer ring of the bearing (71) is interference-fitted with the positioning wheel (7), and the inner ring of the bearing (71) is interference-fitted with the horizontal shaft (6). An end cover (72) is installed on the side of the positioning wheel (7) away from the horizontal shaft (6). The end cover (72) is fixed to the positioning wheel (7) by mounting bolts (73).

7. The self-aligning device of claim 1, wherein: A connecting plate (2) is vertically fixed to the side wall of the support (1), and the connecting plate (2) is fixed to the frame (3) of the railway construction equipment by bolts.

8. The self-aligning device of claim 2, wherein: A pressure cap (55) is installed at the top of the lead screw (52), and the pressure cap (55) is fixed to the geared motor (51) by fixing screws (56).

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