A novel sponge city water treatment system suitable for saline-alkali land

Abstract

This utility model discloses a novel sponge city water treatment system suitable for saline-alkali land, including sponge runoff rainwater treatment facilities, sponge storage and salinity removal facilities, water quality monitoring facilities, sponge rainwater delayed discharge and metering facilities, and sponge rainwater reuse facilities. This system is suitable for project sites with high salinity content, is green, environmentally friendly, and low-carbon, and can replace conventional salinity removal facilities and sponge infrastructure. It combines two functions into one, without altering the landscape verticality, paving type, or seedling selection, while also enhancing salinity removal capabilities. This utility model has the advantages of strong runoff rainwater treatment capacity, excellent salinity removal effect, long service life, minimal impact on landscape effects, low overall cost, and fast construction speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the fields of sponge city and salt and alkali removal technology. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, project development in saline-alkali areas not only needs to address the issue of salinization and alkali removal but also needs to solve related issues of sponge cities. In practice, the conventional approach is to design, tender, and construct salinization and alkali removal separately, which is not only costly and time-consuming, but also causes significant damage due to overlapping construction. Ultimately, neither the sponge city function nor the salinization and alkali removal function can be fully utilized, resulting in significant cost and resource waste and violating the relevant green concepts of low carbon, green, environmental protection, and livability.

[0003] In addition, current technologies also have certain limitations: they are inefficient and unreliable in terms of desalination; and they also pose significant challenges to the overall landscape presentation and the resource utilization of rainwater in the context of sponge cities.

[0004] In addition, the current separate design, construction and maintenance of sponge city and saline-alkali drainage facilities have resulted in a significant waste of manpower, resources and financial resources. Furthermore, the rainwater stored in the sponge city in saline-alkali areas cannot be directly reused, which not only pollutes the municipal water system but also fails to meet the basic requirements of sponge city for runoff rainwater management.

[0005] In addition, the current desalination facilities are designed and arranged separately between the saline-alkali soil layer and the planting soil layer. They rely on blind pipes and blind ditches in the desalination layer to remove salt. This can only isolate some of the underground saline water from damaging the upper planting soil. Moreover, the design of the blind pipes has certain limitations in terms of material, pipe diameter, opening size, and opening density. If there is any local damage during subsequent construction and maintenance, the desalination system will be paralyzed and lose its desalination function.

[0006] In addition, the current design and construction of sponge cities mainly uses sunken green spaces, rain gardens, permeable paving, and water storage modules as the main technical means, which has a great impact on the landscape presentation effect and makes it difficult to meet the requirements of customers and the general public for a green and livable life.

[0007] In addition, the sunken green spaces and rain gardens in the current sponge city technology have requirements for the storage time and infiltration time when storing rainwater. The stored rainwater is easily polluted by the salt and alkali components in the underlying saline-alkali soil, which in turn damages the planting soil and causes the vegetation in the sunken green spaces and rain gardens to die.

[0008] In addition, the shortcomings of traditional technologies have led to the dismantling and reconstruction of a large number of sponge city facilities during subsequent use or maintenance, resulting in the loss of the original social benefits and causing a huge waste of resources.

[0009] This invention combines the functions of sponge city construction and desalination / alkali removal into one, or it can function as either a sponge city or a desalination / alkali removal system, depending on site hydrological characteristics, landscape design, and cost control requirements. It not only has no impact on the landscape but also solves the problem of high costs associated with rainwater resource utilization in sponge cities. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a sponge city and desalination / alkali removal water treatment system for saline-alkali areas, in order to solve the aforementioned problems. To solve the above problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: This utility model system comprises five main facilities: a sponge city runoff rainwater treatment facility (facility 1), a sponge city storage and desalination facility (facility 2), a water quality monitoring facility (facility 3), a sponge city rainwater delayed discharge and metering facility (facility 4), and a sponge city rainwater reuse facility (facility 5). Different combinations can be selected as needed for specific applications. Among these, the sponge city runoff rainwater treatment facility (facility 1), the sponge city storage and desalination facility (facility 2), and the sponge city rainwater delayed discharge and metering facility (facility 4) are the core facilities of this utility model technology and are essential infrastructure for solving sponge city and desalination / desalination problems.

[0011] The sponge city runoff rainwater treatment facility (facility 1) mentioned above includes environmentally friendly rainwater inlets, sponge overflow pipes, energy-dissipating filter bags, isolation filter geotextiles, hydrophobic and water-storage materials, sponge salt-alkali drainage pipes, and isolation geotextiles, etc. Environmentally friendly rainwater inlets can be conventional brick rainwater inlets that have been professionally designed and modified to meet the requirements of sponge cities, or they can be prefabricated environmentally friendly rainwater inlets. Energy-dissipating filter bags consist of filter geotextile wrapped with filter material; Hydrophobic and water-storing materials are generally made of crushed stone with a particle size of 5-40 mm; The sponge desalination network is a mesh pipeline composed of HDPE perforated pipes, with symmetrical staggered openings on both sides of the bottom, and the opening size is 20-30mm (the conventional desalination pipe is a PE perforated pipe or corrugated pipe with uniform openings all around, and the opening diameter is 8-10mm). The size, density and location of the openings also vary slightly depending on different hydrogeological conditions and on-site construction conditions. The spacing of the density meter is based on the sponge calculation and the actual mesh layout of the site. The sponge overflow pipe mainly consists of a sponge overflow pipe and an overflow threshold designed based on sponge calculations. Filtering facilities are installed at the sponge overflow pipe inlet as needed.

[0012] The aforementioned sponge-like water storage and desalination facility (facility 2) mainly includes hydrophobic water storage materials and sponge-like pipe networks. Hydrophobic water storage materials are granular materials, generally using crushed stone with a particle size of 5-40 mm; The sponge drainage network is a mesh pipeline composed of HDPE perforated pipes. The bottom two sides have symmetrically staggered openings with a size of 20-30mm. The size, density, and location of the openings vary slightly depending on different hydrogeological conditions and on-site construction conditions. The mesh layout is based on sponge calculations and the existing site conditions.

[0013] The water quality monitoring facility (facility 3) mentioned above mainly includes a sponge-like water level protection sleeve, a sponge-like rainwater level sensor, and water quality sensors (pH meter, salinity, conductivity, etc.). The water level regulating casing is generally made of HDPE or UPVC pipe and is installed in the sponge water level regulating and desalination facility and the high-level planting soil layer.

[0014] The aforementioned sponge rainwater delayed discharge and metering facility (facility 4) mainly includes a sponge saline-alkali drainage network, a sponge siphon drainer, and a sponge rainwater metering facility: The sponge-like saline-alkali drainage network is a mesh-like pipeline composed of HDPE perforated pipes. The bottom sides have symmetrically staggered perforations, with a perforation size of 20-30mm. The size, density, and location of the perforations vary slightly depending on different hydrogeological conditions and on-site construction conditions. The mesh layout is determined based on sponge calculations and the existing site conditions. The sponge siphon drainer and sponge rainwater metering facility can be combined into one, or the sponge rainwater metering facility can be eliminated. Based on sponge calculations and relevant specifications, the sponge siphon drainer's discharge capacity and the sponge's rainwater storage capacity are professionally designed and installed.

[0015] The sponge rainwater reuse facility (facility 5) mentioned therein includes a reuse rainwater buffer facility (storage module, storage tank or storage well), sponge observation well, sponge overflow pipe, water level and water quality sensor for regulating water storage, reuse and discharge equipment, reuse and discharge pipeline network, soil temperature and humidity and salinity content sensor, and sponge city control system. Rainwater reuse buffer facilities can be plastic water storage modules, concrete water storage tanks, or professionally designed sponge reuse wells. They do not require conventional large-scale design and installation. Only a suitable small-scale buffer water storage facility needs to be rotated after water balance calculation based on reuse requirements. The sponge observation well is equipped with a sponge overflow pipe to regulate and store rainwater exceeding the standard and to act as a flood discharge mechanism during heavy rainfall; The rainwater recycling and buffering facility is equipped with water level and water quality sensors, sponge water recycling pumps, recycling pipe networks, sponge water discharge pumps, discharge pipes, and other equipment. Linear soil salinity sensors were installed on site to detect the salinity content in low-level saline-alkali soil layers, inside drainage and salt-alkali storage facilities, and in high-level planting soil layers. The drainage and salinization facility is equipped with water level and water quality sensors. The water level sensor is protected by a casing, which also serves as a maintenance and repair facility for the water level and sensor. Sensors for soil temperature, humidity, salinity, and conductivity were installed in both the low-lying saline-alkali soil layer and the high-lying planting soil layer. The reuse pipeline of the sponge water reuse pump is connected to the site reuse pipeline network through the sponge observation well (generally connected to the greening irrigation pipeline network, cooling water replenishment pipeline, or as a backup water source for fire protection, etc.). The outflow pipeline of the sponge water drainage pump is connected to the sponge observation well and then to the nearest rainwater inspection well for outflow. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Appendix Figure 1 This is a basic structural principle diagram of the present invention. In the diagram: 1. Low-lying saline-alkali soil layer; 2. Isolating geotextile; 3. Sponge drainage pipe (net); 4. Sponge siphon drainer and sponge rainwater metering facility; 5. Water-draining and water-storing material; 6. Isolating filter geotextile; 7. High-lying planting soil layer; 8. Environmentally friendly rainwater inlet; 9. Environmentally friendly rainwater inlet grate; 10. Environmentally friendly rainwater inlet filtration facility; 11. Energy-dissipating filter bag; 12. Overflow control threshold; 13. Sponge overflow pipe; 14. Rainwater inspection well; 15. Rainwater drainage pipe.

[0017] Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the high-order structure of the present invention. In the diagram: 1. Low-lying saline-alkali soil layer; 2. Isolating geotextile; 3. Sponge drainage pipe (net); 4. Sponge siphon drainer and sponge rainwater metering facility; 5. Hydrophobic and water-storing material; 6. Isolating filter geotextile; 7. High-lying planting soil layer; 8. Reclaimed rainwater buffer facility (water storage module, water tank, or water well); 9. Sponge inspection well; 10. Sponge overflow pipe; 11. Sponge water reuse pump; 12. Sponge water reuse pipe; 13. Sponge water external discharge pump; 14. Sponge water external discharge pipe; 15. Reclaimed rainwater buffer facility water level and water quality sensor; 16. Sponge regulating water level monitoring casing; 17. Sponge regulating water level and water quality (liquid level, salinity, conductivity, pH) sensor; 18. Soil salinity sensor; 19. Planting soil temperature and humidity sensor; 20. Sponge city control system. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; Example 1

[0019] A sponge city water treatment system suitable for saline-alkali land, such as Figure 1 As shown, where: From bottom to top, according to the construction process, the layers are as follows: 1. Low-lying saline-alkali soil layer; 2. Isolation geotextile; 3. Sponge drainage pipe for saline-alkali soil; 4. Sponge siphon drainer and sponge rainwater metering facility; 5. Drainage and water storage material; 6. Isolation and filtration geotextile; 7. High-lying planting soil layer; 8. Environmentally friendly rainwater inlet; 9. Environmentally friendly rainwater inlet grate; 10. Environmentally friendly rainwater inlet filtration facility; 11. Filtration and energy dissipation bag; 12. Overflow control threshold; 13. Sponge overflow pipe; 14. Rainwater inspection well; 15. Rainwater drainage pipe.

[0020] The process for treating runoff rainwater using this utility model is as follows (Process 1): Rainwater runoff generated on the ground surface during rainfall enters the interior of environmentally friendly rainwater inlet 8 after preliminary filtration through environmentally friendly rainwater inlet 8 (step 1). It then undergoes a second filtration through the internal filtration facility 10 of the environmentally friendly rainwater inlet 8 (step 2). The water is then filtered a third time through the energy-absorbing filter bag 11, which reduces the kinetic and potential energy of the runoff rainwater on the lower sponge storage facility and the surrounding planting soil, thereby preventing soil erosion (step 3). The material is then further filtered a fourth time through the isolation geotextile 6 (step 4). The runoff rainwater is then further stored inside the hydrophobic and water-storing material 5 and filtered for the fifth time (step 5). Further dissolve the salt and alkali components in the upper part of the low-level saline-alkali soil layer 1 and organize the rainwater containing the dissolved salt and alkali components into the sponge salt and alkali drain pipe (net) 3 set inside the hydrophobic water storage material 5 for the sixth filtration (the sponge pipe is an open pipe wrapped with filter geotextile) (step 6). Further, the runoff rainwater is transmitted to the rainwater inspection well 14 through the sponge desalination pipe (network) 3, and a siphon drain with rainwater metering facilities is installed at the end of the well to control the discharge speed and measure the discharge volume (rainwater metering facilities are optional equipment and are installed as needed) (step 7). The rainwater that has been stored and transported to the rainwater inspection well 14 is then discharged into the municipal rainwater pipe (network) 15 (step 8). In this way, the runoff rainwater is filtered at least 6 times, and the particulate pollutants are almost zero, which can easily achieve the sponge city's control indicators for runoff pollution. In addition, the runoff rainwater undergoes multiple filtrations, increases the transmission path, and changes the transmission rate (from traditional rainwater pipe drainage to a large-area, three-dimensional space with a certain thickness of facilities for sponge drainage of salt and alkali), which can easily achieve the sponge city's control indicators for runoff rainwater interception and filtration, delayed discharge, and staggered discharge. In addition, the discharge capacity of the sponge siphon drainer 4 installed in the rainwater inspection well can be set to different discharge capacities as needed. This makes it easy to achieve the control indicators for the discharge time of sponge cities;

[0021] The process for regulating and reusing rainwater in this utility model is (process 2).

[0022] Based on Example 1, such as Figure 2 As shown, where: From bottom to top, according to the construction process, the components are as follows: 1. Low-lying saline-alkali soil layer; 2. Isolation geotextile; 3. Sponge drainage pipe (net); 4. Sponge siphon drainer and sponge rainwater metering facility; 5. Drainage and water storage material; 6. Isolation and filter geotextile; 7. High-lying planting soil layer; 8. Reclaimed rainwater buffer facility (water storage module, water storage tank or water storage well); 9. Sponge inspection well; 10. Sponge overflow pipe; 11. Sponge water reuse pump; 12. Sponge water reuse pipe; 13. Sponge water discharge pump; 14. Sponge water discharge pipe; 15. Reclaimed rainwater buffer facility water level and water quality sensor; 16. Sponge regulating water level and water quality monitoring casing; 17. Sponge regulating water level and water quality sensor; 18. Soil salinity and alkali content sensor; 19. Planting soil temperature and humidity sensor; 20. Sponge city control system. The sponge city control system 20 monitors various water quality indicators of the stored rainwater. When the indicators meet design requirements, it automatically opens the rainwater collection valve installed in the sponge city desalination pipe 3, which connects to the water storage facility, to begin collecting the stored rainwater. The rainwater collection and reuse process is as follows: Step 7 of process 1 is changed to connect the sponge desalination pipe 3 to the sponge inspection well 9 at the top of the rainwater recycling buffer facility 8, and the stored sponge rainwater enters the interior of the water storage facility 8 through the sponge inspection well 9 (step 9). Furthermore, when the rainwater storage level of the reused rainwater buffer facility 8 reaches the designed overflow level, it overflows from the sponge overflow pipe 9 into the surrounding rainwater inspection wells, and finally flows into the rainwater pipe network (step 10). Furthermore, after the rain, when the weather clears up, the water in the green planting layer of the project evaporates, and the soil moisture in the high-level planting decreases. The sponge city control system 20 automatically starts the sponge water reuse pump 11 (step 11) based on the monitored data (planting soil temperature and humidity 19, salinity 18, water storage level and quality 15, etc.). Furthermore, after the sponge water reuse pump 11 is started, the rainwater stored inside the reuse rainwater buffer facility 8 is transmitted through the reuse pipeline network 12 to various reuse facilities (such as green automatic irrigation system, landscape water body, etc.) (step 12). Furthermore, the sponge city control system 20 monitors various monitoring data of the planting soil in real time. When the temperature and humidity of the planting soil and the irrigation penetration depth reach the design requirements, the sponge water reuse pump 11 is automatically stopped, and the sponge city control system 20 is in standby monitoring operation state (step 13). Furthermore, when the sponge city control system 20 detects that the stored water quality 15 is abnormal and cannot be reused, it automatically starts the sponge water discharge pump 13 to discharge the stored sponge water into the rainwater pipe network through the discharge pipe 14 (step 14). In addition, the Sponge City Control System 20 also has remote communication capabilities, enabling relevant management personnel to remotely monitor, start, stop, and maintain the system's operation. Simultaneously, the Sponge City Control System 20 can also be connected to the government's regulatory system, allowing the government to centrally manage various sponge facilities before heavy rainfall and facilitating the government's statistical analysis of the social benefits of these facilities. The Sponge City Control System 20 also features remote program maintenance capabilities, allowing equipment suppliers to remotely monitor, debug, improve, and maintain the system program via a 4G network.

Claims

1. A novel sponge city water treatment system suitable for saline-alkali soil, characterized in that: This includes sponge runoff rainwater treatment facilities, sponge storage and salinity removal facilities, water quality monitoring facilities, sponge rainwater delayed discharge and metering facilities, and sponge rainwater reuse facilities. The sponge runoff rainwater treatment facility, from top to bottom, includes an environmentally friendly rainwater inlet, a sponge overflow pipe, an energy-dissipating filter bag, an isolation filter geotextile, a hydrophobic and water-storage material, a sponge salt-alkali drainage pipe network, and an isolation geotextile. The aforementioned sponge-like water storage and desalination facilities include hydrophobic water storage materials and sponge-like desalination pipe networks; The water quality monitoring facilities include a sponge water storage level monitoring casing and a sponge water storage level and water quality sensor. The aforementioned sponge rainwater delayed discharge and metering facilities include sponge salt-alkali discharge pipes, sponge siphon drainers, and sponge rainwater metering facilities; The aforementioned sponge city rainwater reuse facilities include rainwater buffer facilities, water storage modules, water storage tanks or wells, water level and quality sensors, reuse and discharge equipment, reuse and discharge pipelines, soil temperature and humidity and salinity sensors, and a sponge city control system.

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