A thin coal seam mining with a pushing arm

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of mining machinery technology, specifically disclosing a pusher arm for thin coal seam mining, including a base, a multi-stage telescopic mechanism, and an adaptive angle adjustment component. The multi-stage telescopic mechanism achieves length adjustment by driving a three-stage telescopic cylinder with a hydraulic cylinder. The adaptive angle adjustment component uses a ball seat and a hinged ball to adjust the drill bit angle. A trapezoidal spring works in conjunction with a rubber protective sleeve to absorb impact force and prevent coal chunks from entering critical components. During use, this robotic arm can flexibly adjust the pusher arm length according to the coal seam thickness and adjust the drill bit angle in real time, avoiding drill bit damage, ensuring continuous coal mining, improving equipment lifespan and safety, and solving the problems of traditional pusher arms with fixed heights that cannot adapt to changes in coal seam thickness, easily causing drill bit damage and reduced coal recovery rates.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mining machinery technology, specifically, it relates to a propulsion arm for thin coal seam mining. Background Technology

[0002] The advance arm of a coal mining machine is a key piece of equipment in coal mining, mainly used to achieve efficient tunneling in thin coal seams. To ensure the coal mining machine can operate within confined spaces, the advance arm needs good spatial adaptability and sufficient thrust output capacity. However, most coal mining machine advance arms currently used underground are typically over 1.5 meters high, which often presents numerous challenges in mining thin coal seams (less than 1.3 meters thick) due to the uneven thickness of the coal seam.

[0003] For example, the fixed height design of the boom in traditional coal mining machines makes it difficult to flexibly adapt to changes in coal seam thickness. When the coal seam thins, the drill bit is more likely to come into contact with the overlying rock layer, significantly increasing the risk of drill bit damage. Furthermore, drill bit damage not only incurs high equipment maintenance costs but also causes mining interruptions, negatively impacting production efficiency. In addition, the hard contact between the drill bit and the rock layer can generate sparks, posing a safety hazard of gas explosion. To avoid these problems, operators typically adopt conservative mining strategies, but this leads to lower coal recovery rates, further affecting economic efficiency. Therefore, existing technologies exhibit certain limitations in dealing with changes in coal seam thickness and urgently need improvement to enhance mining efficiency and safety.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention proposes a propulsion arm for thin coal seam mining to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the main purpose of this utility model is to provide a propulsion arm for thin coal seam drilling, so as to solve the problem that the height of the traditional propulsion arm is fixed, which cannot adapt to the changes in coal seam thickness, and is prone to damage to the drill bit and reduced coal recovery rate.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows: A thin coal seam excavation method using a thruster arm includes: Base; A multi-stage telescopic mechanism is located at the front end of the base; An adaptive angle adjustment component is disposed at the end of a multi-stage telescopic mechanism, including a ball seat, and a first hinge ball and a second hinge ball rotatably disposed on the ball seat. The first hinge ball is disposed at one end of the ball seat and connected to the multi-stage telescopic mechanism; the second hinge ball is disposed at the end away from the first hinge ball.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the multi-stage telescopic mechanism includes: The hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the base. The primary telescopic cylinder is fixedly installed at the front end of the base; The secondary telescopic cylinder is nested inside the primary telescopic cylinder; The third-stage telescopic cylinder is nested inside the second-stage telescopic cylinder, and its front end is connected to the first hinge ball component by bolts.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the multi-stage telescopic mechanism further includes: Guide grooves are installed on the inner walls of the primary and secondary telescopic cylinders; Guide ribs are installed on the outer walls of the secondary and tertiary telescopic cylinders and are matched with the guide grooves.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the piston end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the inner wall of the three-stage telescopic cylinder.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, a flange connecting ring is provided at the bottom connecting end of the base, and the flange connecting ring is connected to the coal mining machine by a connecting bolt; an oil injection hole is also provided on the inner middle plate of the base, and the oil injection hole corresponds to the oil inlet of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the first hinge ball member includes: The first hinge ball is rotatably set at one end of the ball seat; The first flange plate is fixedly installed at one end of the first hinge ball and connected to the third-stage telescopic cylinder.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the first hinge ball is further provided with a plurality of positioning holes, which are matched with positioning bolts threaded onto the ball seat.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the second hinge ball member includes: The second hinge ball is rotatably mounted in the spherical groove on the ball seat; The threaded rod is integrally formed at the other end of the second hinge ball and is fixedly connected to the second flange plate.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, a trapezoidal spring is sleeved on the outer side of the threaded rod, the lower end of the trapezoidal spring being connected to a ball seat, and the upper end being matched with a prestressed nut threaded onto the threaded rod.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the trapezoidal spring is fitted with a rubber protective sleeve on its outer side.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a propulsion arm for thin coal seam mining, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. By setting up a multi-stage telescopic mechanism, the length of the propulsion arm can be flexibly adjusted according to the changes in coal seam thickness during the coal mining process. This avoids the risk of the drill bit coming into contact with the rock layer due to the thinning of the coal seam, reduces the probability of drill bit damage, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0017] 2. By setting the adaptive angle adjustment component, the angle of the drill bit can be adjusted in real time under different coal seam orientations and thicknesses without stopping the machine, ensuring the continuity of coal mining operations and improving production efficiency.

[0018] 3. The combination of trapezoidal springs and rubber protective sleeves can effectively absorb impact force and prevent coal from entering the inside of key components, thereby improving the service life and safety of the equipment and avoiding equipment failure caused by coal accumulation.

[0019] 4. The detachable connection design between the base and the coal mining machine facilitates the installation and maintenance of the equipment, further enhancing its practicality.

[0020] In summary, this utility model, through the synergistic effect of a multi-stage telescopic mechanism and an adaptive angle adjustment component, solves the problem that the traditional propulsion arm has a fixed height, cannot adapt to changes in coal seam thickness, and is prone to drill bit damage and reduced coal recovery rate. It has significant technological progress and practical application value. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the usage state of the propulsion arm used in the thin coal seam excavation of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the propulsion arm used in the thin coal seam development of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the multi-stage telescopic mechanism of this utility model; Figure 4 This utility model Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive angle adjustment component of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the adaptive angle adjustment component of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second hinge ball component of this utility model.

[0023] [Explanation of Key Component Symbols] 1. Base; 11. Connecting bolt; 12. Oil injection hole; 2. Multi-stage telescopic mechanism; 21. Hydraulic cylinder; 22. First-stage telescopic cylinder; 23. Second-stage telescopic cylinder; 24. Third-stage telescopic cylinder; 25. Guide groove; 26. Guide rib; 3. Adaptive angle adjustment assembly; 31. Ball seat; 32. First hinge ball; 321. First hinge ball; 322. First flange plate; 323. Positioning hole; 34. Rubber protective sleeve; 35. Prestressed nut; 36. Second hinge ball; 361. Second flange plate; 362. Second hinge ball; 363. Threaded rod; 37. Positioning bolt; 38. Trapezoidal spring; 4. Coal mining machine; 5. Coal mining drill bit. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The structure of the propulsion arm for thin coal seam opening will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments of this utility model.

[0025] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments as described in this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0027] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0028] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0029] As per the instruction manual Figures 1-7 As shown, this utility model provides a technical solution: A thin coal seam excavation method employs a propulsion arm, the overall structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a base 1, a multi-stage telescopic mechanism 2, and an adaptive angle adjustment component 3. The base 1 is located at the bottom of the fixed end of the multi-stage telescopic mechanism 2 and is detachably connected to the coal mining machine 4, used to connect the robotic arm to the coal mining machine 4. The multi-stage telescopic mechanism 2 is located at the front end of the base 1 and is used to adjust the mining depth of the coal mining drill bit 5 on the working face. The adaptive angle adjustment component 3 is detachably installed at the telescopic end of the multi-stage telescopic mechanism 2, and its other end is connected to the coal mining drill bit 5, used to match the mining position of the coal mining drill bit 5 when the coal seam thickness is different, so as to avoid damage to the coal mining drill bit 5 due to contact with the rock strata.

[0030] In one specific implementation, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the base 1 serves as the foundation of the propulsion arm, and its main structure is cast from high-strength alloy steel, which has high strength and wear resistance to adapt to the harsh working environment downhole.

[0031] Specifically, a flange connecting ring is provided at the bottom connection end of the base 1. The flange connecting ring is connected to the end flange of the coal mining rod of the coal mining machine 4 through the connecting bolt 11, thereby realizing the detachable connection between the base 1 and the coal mining machine 4, so that the mechanical arm can be driven by the coal mining machine 4 to work during coal mining.

[0032] Specifically, an oil injection hole 12 is provided on the inner middle plate of the base 1. The oil injection hole 12 corresponds to the oil inlet of the hydraulic cylinder 21, so that the hydraulic pipe can be connected through the oil injection hole 12 to control the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 21 during use.

[0033] In one specific implementation, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the multi-stage telescopic mechanism 2 is located at the front end of the base 1 and is used to adjust the length of the propulsion arm to adapt to coal seams of different thicknesses. Specifically, it is a three-stage telescopic structure, including a hydraulic cylinder 21, a first-stage telescopic cylinder 22, a second-stage telescopic cylinder 23, and a third-stage telescopic cylinder 24, with each stage of the telescopic cylinder connected in a nested manner. The hydraulic cylinder 21 is fixedly mounted on the base 1, and its piston end is connected to the inner wall of the third-stage telescopic cylinder 24. The first-stage telescopic cylinder 22 is fixedly mounted at the front end of the base 1. The second-stage telescopic cylinder 23 is nested inside the first-stage telescopic cylinder 22. The third-stage telescopic cylinder 24 is nested inside the second-stage telescopic cylinder 23, and its front end is fixedly connected to the adaptive angle adjustment assembly 3 by bolts, forming a complete telescopic path.

[0034] Specifically, guide grooves 25 are provided on the inner sidewalls of the first-stage telescopic cylinder 22 and the second-stage telescopic cylinder 23. The guide grooves 25 are used in conjunction with the guide ribs 26 provided on the outer sidewalls of the second-stage telescopic cylinder 23 and the third-stage telescopic cylinder 24 to guide the telescopic direction of the second-stage telescopic cylinder 23 and the third-stage telescopic cylinder 24 during use, so as to reduce friction and ensure the stability of the telescopic process.

[0035] Specifically, stroke scales are provided on the surfaces of the first-stage telescopic cylinder 22, the second-stage telescopic cylinder 23, and the third-stage telescopic cylinder 24 to visually display the telescopic position and facilitate operators to monitor the working status of the propulsion arm in real time. The total telescopic stroke of the multi-stage telescopic mechanism 2 is designed to be 600-800mm, a stroke range that can meet the long-stroke propulsion requirements in thin coal seams.

[0036] In one specific implementation, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the adaptive angle adjustment assembly 3 is located at the end of the three-stage telescopic cylinder 24, including a ball seat 31, and a first hinge ball member 32 and a second hinge ball member 36 rotatably mounted on the ball seat 31. The first hinge ball member 32 is located at one end of the ball seat 31 and is threadedly connected to the end plate of the three-stage telescopic cylinder 24 through a first flange plate 322 at its end. The second hinge ball member 36 is located at the end away from the first hinge ball member 32, and the second flange plate 361 at its end is connected to the flange of the coal mining drill bit 5.

[0037] Specifically, a plurality of positioning holes 323 are provided on the spherical surface of the first hinge ball 321 of the first hinge ball 32. The positioning holes 323 are used in conjunction with the positioning bolts 37 threaded onto the ball seat 31. This allows the first hinge ball 32 to be fixed by screwing in the positioning bolts 37 during use, so that the position of the front coal mining drill bit 5 can be matched to the drilling of coal seams with different orientations and thicknesses.

[0038] Specifically, the second hinge ball 36 further includes an integrally formed second hinge ball 362 and a threaded rod 363. The second hinge ball 362 is rotatably mounted in a spherical groove on the ball seat 31, and the threaded rod 363 is located at the other end of the second hinge ball 362 and is fixedly connected to the second flange plate 361.

[0039] More specifically, a trapezoidal spring 38 is also sleeved on the outside of the threaded rod 363. The lower end of the trapezoidal spring 38 is connected to the ball seat 31, and the upper end cooperates with the prestressed nut 35. It is used to reset the threaded rod 363 during use, so that the threaded rod 363 can be located at its central axis position. When the coal mining drill bit 5 encounters coal seams with inconsistent thicknesses, the compression deformation of the trapezoidal spring 38 can make way for it, so that it can adapt to the excavation of coal seams with different thicknesses.

[0040] More specifically, the prestressed nut 35 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 363, and is used to apply prestress to the trapezoidal spring 38 by screwing in the prestressed nut 35 during use.

[0041] More specifically, a rubber protective sleeve 34 is also provided on the outside of the trapezoidal spring 38 to protect the trapezoidal spring 38 during use, so as to prevent coal blocks from entering the trapezoidal spring 38 and affecting its compression and displacement effect.

[0042] In actual operation, the base 1 is first connected to the end flange of the coal mining machine's coal mining arm via a flange connecting ring to ensure a secure connection between the propulsion arm and the coal mining machine. Then, hydraulic oil is injected into the hydraulic cylinder 21 through the oil injection hole 12. The piston end of the hydraulic cylinder 21 pushes the third-stage telescopic cylinder 24 to slide along the guide groove 25, thereby causing the second-stage telescopic cylinder 23 and the first-stage telescopic cylinder 22 to extend or retract sequentially, achieving length adjustment of the propulsion arm. When it is necessary to adjust the angle of the coal mining drill bit, the positioning bolt 37 is loosened, the first hinge ball 32 is rotated, and after the coal mining drill bit reaches the required angle, the positioning bolt 37 is tightened to fix the position of the first hinge ball 32. During coal mining operations, the trapezoidal spring 38 and the rubber protective sleeve 34 work together to absorb impact force and prevent coal blocks from entering the critical components, ensuring stable operation of the equipment.

[0043] Through the above structural design, this utility model can flexibly adjust the length of the propulsion arm according to changes in coal seam thickness during coal mining, avoiding the risk of the drill bit contacting the rock layer due to thinning coal seams. Simultaneously, it can adjust the drill bit angle in real time under different coal seam orientations and thicknesses without requiring machine downtime, ensuring the continuity of coal mining operations. Furthermore, the detachable connection design between the base 1 and the coal mining machine facilitates equipment installation and maintenance, further enhancing the equipment's practicality.

[0044] During coal mining operations, the total extension stroke of the multi-stage telescopic mechanism 2 is designed to be 600-800mm, which can meet the long-stroke propulsion requirements in thin coal seams.

[0045] When the coal seam thickness is uneven, the hydraulic cylinder 21 controls the extension and retraction of the three-stage telescopic cylinder 24 to adjust the length of the propulsion arm in real time, preventing the drill bit from contacting the upper rock layer and thus reducing the risk of drill bit damage. Simultaneously, the adaptive angle adjustment component 3 can adjust the drill bit angle in real time under different coal seam orientations and thicknesses without requiring machine downtime, ensuring the continuity of coal mining operations. The combined use of the trapezoidal spring 38 and the rubber protective sleeve 34 further enhances the stability and safety of the equipment, reducing equipment failures caused by coal chunks entering critical components.

[0046] Through the above steps and structural design, this utility model enables flexible adjustment of the propulsion arm length and drill bit angle in thin coal seam mining, solving the problems of high drill bit damage risk, high maintenance costs, and low production efficiency caused by the fixed height design of the propulsion arm in traditional coal mining machines. Furthermore, the detachable connection design between the base 1 and the coal mining machine facilitates equipment installation and maintenance, further enhancing the equipment's practicality.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A propulsion arm for thin coal seam excavation, characterized in that: include: Base (1); A multi-stage telescopic mechanism (2) is installed at the front end of the base (1); An adaptive angle adjustment component (3) is disposed at the end of a multi-stage telescopic mechanism (2), including a ball seat (31), and a first hinge ball (32) and a second hinge ball (36) rotatably disposed on the ball seat (31). The first hinge ball (32) is disposed at one end of the ball seat (31) and connected to the multi-stage telescopic mechanism (2); the second hinge ball (36) is disposed at the end away from the first hinge ball (32).

2. The thin coal seam mining method using a thruster as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage telescopic mechanism (2) includes: A hydraulic cylinder (21) is fixedly installed on a base (1); The first-stage telescopic cylinder (22) is fixedly installed at the front end of the base (1); The secondary telescopic cylinder (23) is nested inside the primary telescopic cylinder (22); The third-stage telescopic cylinder (24) is nested inside the second-stage telescopic cylinder (23), and its front end is connected to the first hinge ball (32) by bolts.

3. The thin coal seam mining method using a propulsion arm as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-stage telescopic mechanism (2) also includes: Guide grooves (25) are provided on the inner walls of the first-stage telescopic cylinder (22) and the second-stage telescopic cylinder (23); The guide rib (26) is set on the outer wall of the secondary telescopic cylinder (23) and the tertiary telescopic cylinder (24) and matches the guide groove (25).

4. A propulsion arm for thin coal seam mining as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The piston end of the hydraulic cylinder (21) is connected to the inner wall of the three-stage telescopic cylinder (24).

5. A propulsion arm for thin coal seam mining as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom connection end of the base (1) is provided with a flange connection ring, which is connected to the coal mining machine (4) through a connecting bolt (11); an oil injection hole (12) is also provided on the inner middle plate of the base (1), which corresponds to the oil inlet of the hydraulic cylinder (21).

6. The thin coal seam mining method using a thruster as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first hinge ball member (32) includes: The first hinge ball (321) is rotatably mounted at one end of the ball seat (31); The first flange plate (322) is fixedly installed at one end of the first hinge ball (321) and connected to the third-stage telescopic cylinder (24).

7. A propulsion arm for thin coal seam mining as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first hinge ball (321) is also provided with a plurality of positioning holes (323), which are matched with positioning bolts (37) threaded on the ball seat (31).

8. A propulsion arm for thin coal seam mining as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The second hinge ball (36) includes: The second hinge ball (362) is rotatably mounted in the spherical groove on the ball seat (31); The threaded rod (363) is integrally formed at the other end of the second hinge ball (362) and is fixedly connected to the second flange plate (361).

9. A propulsion arm for thin coal seam mining as described in claim 8, characterized in that: A trapezoidal spring (38) is sleeved on the outside of the threaded rod (363). The lower end of the trapezoidal spring (38) is connected to the ball seat (31), and the upper end is matched with the prestressed nut (35) threaded onto the threaded rod (363).

10. A propulsion arm for thin coal seam mining as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The trapezoidal spring (38) is fitted with a rubber protective sleeve (34) on its outer side.

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