A device for excavating a tunnel having a non-circular cross-section

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the technical field of full-face rock tunnel boring machine (TBM) excavation devices, specifically providing an irregular cross-section tunnel excavation device, including a long-shaft cutterhead, a traveling trolley, and a swing arm cylinder. The long-shaft cutterhead has two sets respectively disposed on two parallel side end faces of the traveling trolley along its displacement direction, and the rotation directions of the two sets of long-shaft cutterheads are opposite. Each set of long-shaft cutterheads is hinged to the traveling trolley, and a swing arm cylinder is also provided between the single set of long-shaft cutterheads and the traveling trolley. The single set of long-shaft cutterheads is extended or retracted towards or away from the traveling trolley by the swing arm cylinder. This utility model, by arranging the long-shaft cutterheads in two symmetrical sets on the left and right sides, with opposite rotation directions, helps to balance the reaction forces on the left and right long-shaft cutterheads during rock breaking; and each set of long-shaft cutterheads has an independent drive system and swing arm cylinder, so it does not interfere with the excavation of the full-face rock tunnel boring machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of full-face rock tunnel boring machine (TBM) excavation device, and relates to an irregular cross-section tunnel excavation device. Background Technology

[0002] With societal development and increasing demands for tunnel functionality, the need for excavating irregularly shaped tunnels (such as archways, horseshoe-shaped tunnels, and straight-walled semi-circular arches) is growing. In the tunnel construction field, tunnel boring machines (TBMs) are widely used both domestically and internationally due to their high efficiency, safety, environmental friendliness, high degree of mechanization, and low manual labor intensity. However, currently, the cross-sections excavated by TBMs are all circular. To address this issue, the common method is to first excavate a circular cross-section using a TBM, and then use manual labor or other equipment for secondary reshaping excavation. This construction method is not only inefficient and produces poor results, but it also prolongs the construction period and increases construction costs.

[0003] Therefore, developing a device that can excavate and form irregularly shaped tunnels (such as city gate type, horseshoe type, and straight-wall semi-circular arch type) in one go has become an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a tunnel excavation device for irregular cross-sections, which aims to realize the one-time excavation and shaping of irregular cross-section tunnels (city gate type, horseshoe type, straight wall semi-circular arch type, etc.) using the full-section rock tunneling machine.

[0005] This utility model provides a tunnel excavation device with irregular cross-section, including a long shaft cutterhead, a traveling trolley and a swing arm cylinder; The long shaft cutter head is provided in two sets. The two sets of long shaft cutter heads are respectively set on two side end faces of the traveling trolley that are parallel to each other along its displacement direction, and the rotation directions of the two sets of long shaft cutter heads are set in opposite directions. The single long-shaft cutter head is hinged to the traveling trolley, and a set of swing arm cylinders is also provided between the single long-shaft cutter head and the traveling trolley. The single long-shaft cutter head is extended or retracted in the direction of approaching or moving away from the traveling trolley by the swing arm cylinders.

[0006] Furthermore, each set of the long shaft cutter head includes a support arm and a long shaft roller, a drive assembly, and a hobbing cutter assembly disposed on the support arm; The support arm includes an arm body and a U-shaped groove disposed on the arm body; The long shaft roller is installed in the U-shaped groove, and both ends of the long shaft roller are rotatably connected to the arm body through bearings; The drive assembly includes a rotary motor, the fixed end of which is fixedly connected to the arm body, and the drive end of which is connected to one end of the long shaft roller for driving the long shaft roller to rotate. The hobbing cutter assembly has multiple sets arranged in an array along the outer circumferential surface of the long axis roller. Each set of hobbing cutter assemblies has multiple pieces arranged at intervals along the central axis of the long axis roller. Each hobbing cutter assembly includes a cutter holder and a hobbing cutter disposed on the cutter holder.

[0007] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the support arm also includes a drive shaft; The drive shaft has two parts, both of which are fixedly mounted on the arm body. The two drive shafts are rotatably connected to both ends of the long shaft roller.

[0008] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the support arm also includes a swing lug. The swing lugs are located on the side of the arm away from the U-shaped groove, and at least two sets are provided at intervals between each other for hinge connection with the swing arm cylinder.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the long shaft cutter head also includes a slag scraping assembly; The slag scraping assembly has multiple sets arranged in an array along the outer circumferential surface of the long shaft roller. Each set of slag scraping assembly has multiple pieces arranged at intervals along the central axis of the long shaft roller, and each set of slag scraping assembly and each set of roller cutter assembly are on the same straight line. Furthermore, the single-piece scraper assembly includes a scraper base and a scraper blade rotatably mounted on the scraper base.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the long shaft cutter head also includes a water spray assembly; The water spray assembly is provided with multiple sets arranged at intervals. Each set of water spray assembly includes a nozzle and a water spray pipe that are interconnected. The nozzle is mounted on the arm and extends to the U-shaped groove. The water spray pipe is connected to an external water pump structure to deliver cooling water to the nozzle.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the long shaft cutter head also includes a dust removal component; The dust removal component is installed on the end of the arm that is furthest from the drive component.

[0012] Furthermore, the dust removal assembly includes a dust removal baffle and a dust removal duct; One end of the dust removal baffle is fixedly connected to the boom, and the other end of the dust removal baffle extends, with the extension length of the dust removal baffle being greater than the excavation diameter of the cutter assembly. One end of the dust removal duct is installed through the dust removal baffle, and the other end of the dust removal duct is equipped with a dust removal fan.

[0013] Furthermore, support components and lifting components are provided on both ends of the traveling trolley along its displacement direction.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The tunnel excavation device with irregular cross section provided by this utility model has two sets of long shaft cutter discs arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides of the traveling trolley, and the left and right long shaft cutter discs rotate in opposite directions, which is conducive to balancing the reaction force on the left and right long shaft cutter discs when breaking rocks; and the two sets of long shaft cutter discs have independent drive systems and swing arm cylinders, which do not interfere with the excavation of the full-section rock tunneling machine in front.

[0015] (2) The long shaft cutterhead in this utility model can adjust the excavation position through the lifting system and swing arm cylinder on the traveling trolley, and can adapt to the irregular cross-section forming of tunnels with different diameters; (3) The long shaft cutter head in this utility model is also equipped with a slag scraping device, which can scrape the surrounding rock slag into the middle of the tunnel. This can prevent the accumulation of rock slag on both sides from causing abnormal wear of the long shaft cutter head roller and other structures, and can also transfer the rock slag to the middle area of ​​the tunnel in advance, which is beneficial to the subsequent backfilling construction.

[0016] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, this utility model has other objectives, features, and advantages. The present utility model will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an irregular cross-section tunnel excavation device according to an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top-down view; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the first perspective of a medium-long shaft cutter head; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a medium-long shaft cutter head from a second perspective; Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the interconnected structure of the central support arm, water spray assembly, and dust removal assembly; Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the middle scraper assembly; Figure 7 yes Figure 1The middle image is a schematic diagram of a long-shaft cutterhead in the excavation state; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A side view diagram; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of a straight-walled semi-circular arch tunnel after excavation using an irregular cross-section tunnel excavation device according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0018] in: 1. Long shaft cutter head; 1.1 Support arm; 1.1.1 Arm body; 1.1.2 U-shaped groove; 1.1.3 Drive shaft; 1.1.4 Swinging lug; 1.2 Long shaft roller; 1.3 Drive assembly; 1.4 Roller assembly; 1.5 Slag scraper assembly; 1.5.1 Slag scraper; 1.5.2 Scraper base; 1.6 Water spray assembly; 1.6.1 Sprayer head; 1.6.2 Water spray pipeline; 1.7 Dust removal assembly; 1.7.1 Dust removal baffle; 1.7.2 Dust removal duct; 2. Traveling trolley; 3. Swing arm cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model clearer and easier to understand, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings of this utility model are all in a simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist in illustrating the implementation of this utility model; the "several" mentioned in this utility model are not limited to the specific number shown in the examples in the drawings; the directions or positional relationships indicated by "front," "middle," "rear," "left," "right," "up," "down," "top," "bottom," and "middle" mentioned in this utility model are all based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings of this utility model, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, nor should they be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0020] Example: See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a tunnel excavation device with irregular cross-section, including a long shaft cutterhead 1, a traveling trolley 2, and a swing arm cylinder 3. The long shaft cutter head 1 is provided in two sets. The two sets of long shaft cutter heads 1 are respectively set on two side end faces that are parallel to each other along the displacement direction of the traveling trolley 2, and the rotation directions of the two sets of long shaft cutter heads are set in opposite directions. Specifically, a single set of long shaft cutter heads 1 is hinged to the traveling trolley 2, and a set of swing arm cylinders 3 is also provided between the single set of long shaft cutter heads 1 and the traveling trolley 2. The single set of long shaft cutter heads 1 is driven by the swing arm cylinders 3 to expand or retract in the direction of approaching or moving away from the traveling trolley 2.

[0021] As a further embodiment of this utility model, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 3 to 6As shown, a single set of long shaft cutter heads 1 includes a support arm 1.1 and a long shaft roller 1.2, a drive assembly 1.3 and a hobbing cutter assembly 1.4 disposed on the support arm 1.1; The support arm 1.1 includes an arm body 1.1.1 and a U-shaped groove 1.1.2 disposed on the arm body 1.1.1; The long shaft roller 1.2 is installed in the U-shaped groove 1.1.2, and the two ends of the long shaft roller 1.2 are rotatably connected to the arm body 1.1.1 through bearings; The drive assembly 1.3 is preferably configured as a rotary motor, with the fixed end of the rotary motor fixedly connected to the arm body 1.1.1 and the drive end of the rotary motor connected to one end of the long shaft roller 1.2 for driving the long shaft roller 1.2 to rotate; The hobbing cutter assembly 1.4 has multiple sets arranged in an array along the outer circumferential surface of the long shaft roller 1.2. Each set of hobbing cutter assemblies 1.4 has multiple pieces arranged at intervals along the central axis of the long shaft roller 1.2. Each piece of hobbing cutter assembly 1.4 includes a cutter holder and a hobbing cutter set on the cutter holder. The cutter holder and the long shaft roller 1.2 are welded or integrally formed.

[0022] Preferably, the support arm 1.1 further includes a drive shaft 1.1.3 and a swing lug 1.1.4; The drive shaft 1.1.3 has two parts that are fixedly mounted on the arm body 1.1.1, and the two drive shafts 1.1.3 are rotatably connected to both ends of the long shaft roller 1.2 respectively; The swing lug 1.1.4 is located on the side of the arm body 1.1.1 away from the U-shaped groove 1.1.2, and has at least two sets arranged at intervals to be hinged to the swing arm cylinder 3.

[0023] Preferably, in order to discharge the slag generated by the cutter head assembly 1.4 during the tunneling process, the long shaft cutter head 1 further includes a slag scraper assembly 1.5; The slag scraping assembly 1.5 has multiple sets arranged in an array along the outer circumferential surface of the long axis roller 1.2. Each set of slag scraping assembly 1.5 has multiple pieces arranged at intervals along the central axis of the long axis roller 1.2, and each set of slag scraping assembly 1.5 and the single set of roller blade assembly 1.4 are on the same straight line. Each piece of slag scraping assembly 1.5 includes a scraper base 1.5.2 and a slag scraper blade 1.5.1 rotatably mounted on the scraper base 1.5.2.

[0024] Preferably, in order to cool the cutter head assembly 1.4 during the tunneling process, the long shaft cutter head 1 further includes a water spray assembly 1.6; The water spray assembly 1.6 is provided with multiple sets arranged at intervals. Each set of water spray assembly 1.6 includes a nozzle 1.6.1 and a water spray pipe 1.6.2 that are interconnected. The nozzle 1.6.1 is mounted on the arm 1.1.1 and extends to the U-shaped groove so that cooling water can be sprayed onto the roller cutter assembly 1.4 and the slag scraper assembly 1.5 to cool and remove dust from the roller cutter assembly 1.4 and the slag scraper assembly 1.5. The water spray pipe 1.6.2 is connected to an external water pump structure to deliver cooling water to the nozzle 1.6.1.

[0025] Preferably, in order to ensure timely removal of dust generated by the cutter head assembly 1.4 during the tunneling process, the long shaft cutter head 1 further includes a dust removal assembly 1.7; The dust removal component 1.7 is installed on the end of the arm 1.1.1 away from the drive component 1.3; The dust removal assembly 1.7 includes a dust removal baffle 1.7.1 and a dust removal duct 1.7.2. One end of the dust removal baffle 1.7.1 is fixedly connected to the boom 1.1.1, and the other end of the dust removal baffle 1.7.1 extends, with the extension length of the dust removal baffle 1.7.1 being greater than the excavation diameter of the cutter assembly 1.4, so that the dust generated during the excavation process can be accumulated, thereby preventing the dust from spreading to the surrounding area. One end of the dust removal duct 1.7.2 is installed through the dust removal baffle 1.7.1, and a dust removal fan is installed on the other end of the dust removal duct 1.7.2, so that the dust accumulated by the dust removal baffle 1.7.1 can be sucked into the dust removal duct 1.7.2 and discharged from the dust removal duct 1.7.2.

[0026] As a further embodiment of this utility model, in order to fix the traveling trolley 2 when it travels to a designated position in the tunnel, support components are provided on both ends of the traveling trolley 2 along its displacement direction. When the traveling trolley 2 moves to the designated position in the tunnel, the two sets of support components are tightened against the tunnel wall, thereby fixing the position of the traveling trolley 2.

[0027] Preferably, the specific structure of the support component refers to the support shoe structure in the prior art.

[0028] As a further embodiment of the present invention, in order to adjust the height position between the long shaft cutter head 1 and the traveling trolley 2, a lifting component is also provided between the traveling trolley 2 and the long shaft cutter head 1.

[0029] Preferably, the specific structure of the lifting component refers to the lifting structure in the prior art.

[0030] Taking a straight-walled semi-circular arch tunnel as an example, the excavation method implemented by the excavation device is as follows: See Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, when the full-face rock tunnel boring machine is tunneling, the support components of the traveling trolley 2 are firmly supported on the tunnel wall to stabilize the traveling trolley 2; the swing cylinder 3 extends and drives the long shaft cutterhead 1 to swing left and right to the predetermined position, and activates the drive component 1.3, water spray component 1.6 and dust removal component 1.7 on the long shaft cutterhead 1. The long shaft cutterhead 1 rotates to break the rock. Under this working condition, the left and right swing arm cylinders 3 and the long shaft cutterhead 1 are in the same working condition, and excavation is carried out on both sides at the same time.

[0031] When it is necessary to perform irregular cross-section forming excavation at a turning position, the swing arm cylinders 3 of the traveling trolley 2 need to be controlled separately to control their left and right positions. According to the excavation conditions when the full-face rock tunneling machine is turning, the system automatically controls the extension of the left and right swing arm cylinders 3, thereby controlling the left and right long shaft cutterheads 1 to operate independently without interfering with each other, so as to adapt to the excavation in the turning state.

[0032] In addition, the position of the long shaft cutter head 1 can be raised or lowered by the lifting component on the traveling trolley 2, and the irregular cross-section of tunnels with different diameters can be formed in conjunction with the swing arm cylinder 3, as shown in the following figure. Figure 9 The diagram shows the formation of a straight-walled semi-circular arch tunnel cross section.

[0033] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for tunnel excavation of a non-circular cross-section, characterized in that, It includes a long shaft cutter head (1), a traveling trolley (2), and a swing arm cylinder (3); The long shaft cutter head (1) is provided in two sets. The two sets of long shaft cutter heads (1) are respectively set on two side end faces of the traveling trolley (2) that are parallel to each other along its displacement direction, and the rotation directions of the two sets of long shaft cutter heads (1) are set in opposite directions. The single long shaft cutter head (1) is hinged to the traveling trolley (2), and a set of swing arm cylinders (3) is provided between the single long shaft cutter head (1) and the traveling trolley (2). The single long shaft cutter head (1) is driven by the swing arm cylinders (3) to expand or retract towards or away from the traveling trolley (2).

2. The irregular cross-section tunnel excavation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single set of long shaft cutter head (1) includes a support arm (1.1) and a long shaft roller (1.2), a drive assembly (1.3) and a hobbing assembly (1.4) disposed on the support arm (1.1). The support arm (1.1) includes an arm body (1.1.1) and a support disposed on the arm body (1.1.1). The U-shaped groove on 1.1.1) (1.1.2); The long shaft roller (1.2) is installed in the U-shaped groove (1.1.2), and the two ends of the long shaft roller (1.2) are rotatably connected to the arm body (1.1.1) through bearings; The drive assembly (1.3) includes a rotary motor, the fixed end of which is fixedly connected to the arm body (1.1.1), and the drive end of which is connected to one end of the long shaft roller (1.2) for driving the long shaft roller (1.2) to rotate. The hobbing cutter assembly (1.4) has multiple sets arranged in an array along the outer circumferential surface of the long axis roller (1.2). Each set of hobbing cutter assemblies (1.4) has multiple pieces arranged at intervals along the central axis of the long axis roller (1.2). Each piece of hobbing cutter assembly (1.4) includes a cutter holder and a hobbing cutter disposed on the cutter holder.

3. The irregular cross-section tunnel excavation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support arm (1.1) also includes a drive shaft (1.1.3). The drive shaft (1.1.3) is fixedly mounted on the arm body ( The two pieces on 1.1.1) have two drive shafts (1.1.3) that are rotatably connected to both ends of the long shaft roller (1.2).

4. The irregular cross-section tunnel excavation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The support arm (1.1) also includes a swing lug (1.1.4). The swing lug (1.1.4) is located on the side of the arm body (1.1.1) away from the U-shaped groove (1.1.2), and is provided with at least two sets of them spaced apart from each other for hinge connection with the swing arm cylinder (3).

5. The irregular cross-section tunnel excavation device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The long shaft cutter head (1) also includes a slag scraper assembly (1.5). The slag scraping assembly (1.5) is provided with multiple sets arranged in an array along the outer circumferential surface of the long axis roller (1.2). Each set of slag scraping assembly (1.5) is provided with multiple pieces arranged at intervals along the central axis of the long axis roller (1.2), and each set of slag scraping assembly (1.5) and each set of roller blade assembly (1.4) are on the same straight line.

6. The irregular cross-section tunnel excavation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The single-piece scraper assembly (1.5) includes a scraper base (1.5.2) and a scraper blade (1.5.1) rotatably mounted on the scraper base (1.5.2).

7. The irregular cross-section tunnel excavation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The long shaft cutter head (1) also includes a water spray assembly (1.6). The water spray assembly (1.6) has multiple sets arranged at intervals between each other. Each set of water spray assembly (1.6) includes interconnected nozzles (1.6.1) and water spray pipes (1.6.2); the nozzles (1.6.1) are mounted on the arm body ( 1.1.1) and extends to the position of the U-shaped groove (1.1.2); the water spray pipe (1.6.2) is connected to the external water spray pump structure to deliver cooling water to the nozzle (1.6.1).

8. The irregular cross-section tunnel excavation device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The long shaft cutter head (1) also includes a dust removal assembly (1.7). The dust removal component (1.7) is installed on the arm body ( 1.1.1) On the end furthest from the driving component (1.3).

9. The irregular cross-section tunnel excavation device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The dust removal assembly (1.7) includes a dust removal baffle (1.7.1) and a dust removal duct (1.7.2). One end of the dust removal baffle (1.7.1) is fixedly connected to the arm body (1.1.1), and the other end of the dust removal baffle (1.7.1) extends, and the dust removal baffle ( The extension length of 1.7.1) is greater than the tunneling diameter of the cutter assembly (1.4); One end of the dust removal duct (1.7.2) is installed through the dust removal baffle ( On 1.7.1), a dust removal fan is installed on the other end of the dust removal duct (1.7.2).

10. The irregular cross-section tunnel excavation device according to claim 9, characterized in that, Support components and lifting components are also provided on both ends of the traveling trolley (2) along the direction of its displacement.

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