High-altitude metal mine engineering underground mine tunnel supporting structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high altitude metal mine engineering underground mine tunnel supporting structure, including the support device who arranges along the mine tunnel, and install the connecting rod device between two adjacent support devices, and the support height of each support device is independently adjustable to adapt the height change of mine tunnel, still include the safety net, the safety net is hung up installation through a plurality of support devices to receive the stone block that falls down from the top of mine tunnel, the device can be flexibly adjusted, and the stable and reliable and comprehensive protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a support structure for underground mine tunnels in high-altitude metal mine engineering. Background Technology

[0002] High-altitude metal mines face far more complex challenges in underground tunnel support than ordinary mines due to their unique geographical environment. On the one hand, the geological conditions in high-altitude areas are often more fragmented, with poor rock strata stability. After tunnel excavation, geological disasters such as rock strata spalling and collapse are prone to occur in the tunnel arch and sidewalls, placing stringent requirements on the load-bearing capacity and protective performance of the support structure. On the other hand, high-altitude tunnels are affected by topographical undulations, and the tunnel cross-sectional height often varies irregularly. Traditional support structures are mostly designed with fixed dimensions, making it difficult to flexibly adapt to these height differences, resulting in insufficient support fit and potential safety hazards.

[0003] Currently, most existing underground mine tunnel support technologies employ integral structures for their support devices, with rigid connections between adjacent devices. This not only makes installation cumbersome but also prevents independent adjustment when local height fluctuations occur in the mine tunnel, easily leading to issues such as excessively loose or tight support in certain areas. Furthermore, traditional support structures have relatively simple protection systems, often relying solely on the support devices themselves to withstand rock pressure, lacking specific measures to catch and protect against falling rocks from above. In the event of a small-scale collapse, the direct fall of rocks can easily injure workers and equipment below.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a support structure for underground tunnels in high-altitude metal mines that is flexible, stable, reliable, and provides comprehensive protection. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a support structure for underground mine tunnels in high-altitude metal mines that is flexible, stable, reliable, and provides comprehensive protection.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A support structure for an underground mine tunnel in a high-altitude metal mine includes support devices arranged along the tunnel and connecting rod devices installed between adjacent support devices. The support height of each support device is independently adjustable to adapt to changes in the tunnel height. The structure also includes a safety net, which is suspended from the support devices to catch rocks falling from the top of the tunnel.

[0008] Preferably, the support device includes a U-shaped top beam and vertical beams installed at both ends of the U-shaped top beam. Anchor rods are installed between the vertical beams and the mine shaft. One end of the anchor rod is inserted into the mine shaft wall for fixation, and the other end of the anchor rod passes through the vertical beam and is fitted with a nut. An adjustment device is installed through the vertical beam to adjust the support height of the U-shaped top beam. Multiple suspension holes are passed through the end face of the U-shaped top beam. The safety net is tied with wire between the suspension holes and the safety net. The connecting rod device connects the vertical beam.

[0009] Preferably, a groove is provided on the end face of the vertical beam facing the mine wall, the groove extends vertically through the vertical beam, both ends of the U-shaped top beam are inserted into the groove of the vertical beam and slide along the vertical direction of the groove, a slot is provided at the top position of the vertical beam on the side away from the groove, the adjusting device is slidably assembled in the slot, and an installation hole for passing through the anchor rod is provided on the end face of the vertical beam.

[0010] Preferably, the adjusting device includes a slider and an adjusting screw. The slider is slidably inserted into the slot. The top of the slider is provided with a vertically penetrating threaded hole. The adjusting screw is screwed in from the bottom of the threaded hole. Supports are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the U-shaped top beam. The bottom of the support is provided with an insertion hole. The upper end of the adjusting screw passes through the threaded hole and is fitted with an insertion block. The insertion block is inserted upward into the insertion hole and can rotate coaxially along the insertion hole.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting rod device includes two connecting plates and a connecting rod installed between the two connecting plates. The surface of the connecting plate is provided with a strip groove for passing through the anchor rod. The anchor rod can slide along the strip groove to adjust the installation height of the connecting plate. The connecting plate is fixed to the outer end face of the vertical beam by a nut. The end of the connecting plate away from the vertical beam is provided with an ear plate. The connecting rod is fixed in the ear plate by screws.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0013] Firstly, the support height of each support device can be independently adjusted. The adjustment mechanism drives the U-shaped top beam to slide vertically along the groove of the vertical beam, precisely adapting to the changes in cross-sectional height caused by terrain undulations in high-altitude mine tunnels. This ensures a tight fit between the U-shaped top beam and the tunnel arch, avoiding the gap problems present in traditional fixed-size support structures and effectively improving the sealing and stability of the support. Simultaneously, the connecting plate of the linkage device, through its slotted groove and engagement with the anchor bolt, can adjust its installation height according to the ground height difference, ensuring precise alignment of adjacent ear plates and stable connection of the linkage device, further enhancing the overall adaptability of the entire support system.

[0014] Secondly, the structure innovatively incorporates a steel wire safety net suspended by a support device, which can directly catch rocks falling from the top of the mine tunnel, forming a dual protection system of "support body + safety net". This effectively avoids direct injury to construction personnel and equipment from falling rocks, and significantly improves the safety of mine tunnel construction.

[0015] Thirdly, the support device adopts an assembly method where the U-shaped top beam and vertical beam are plugged together. During initial installation, the U-shaped top beam can be kept in a downward position, facilitating the fixing of the vertical beam and anchor bolts. Subsequently, the U-shaped top beam can be raised by adjusting the screw to complete the fitting, simplifying the installation process. The slider of the adjustment device is slidably assembled in the slot of the vertical beam. When the adjusting screw or slider is damaged, the slider can be directly slid out of the slot for replacement without disassembling the entire support device, reducing maintenance costs and time. The connecting plate of the linkage device can be flexibly adjusted in height via a strip groove, eliminating the need for secondary processing of the vertical beam or anchor bolts, improving installation convenience and construction efficiency, especially suitable for harsh environments and tight construction schedules in high-altitude mines. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is the front view of the device;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram of the device;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the vertical beam;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0021] All features disclosed in this specification, or all steps in all disclosed methods or processes, may be combined in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps.

[0022] Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any appended claims, abstract, and drawings) may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features for a similar purpose, unless specifically stated otherwise. That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is merely one example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0023] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "one end", "the other end", "outer side", "upper", "inner side", "horizontal", "coaxial", "center", "end", "length", "outer end", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0024] Furthermore, in the description of this utility model, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0025] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "socket," "connect," "through," and "plug-in" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] See Figure 1 The diagram shows a support structure for an underground mine tunnel in a high-altitude metal mine, including support devices 1 arranged along the tunnel and connecting rod devices 2 installed between two adjacent support devices 1. The support height of each support device is independently adjustable to adapt to changes in the tunnel height. It also includes a safety net 3, which is suspended and installed through multiple support devices 1 to catch rocks falling from the top of the tunnel.

[0027] In the above technical solution, the distance between two adjacent support devices 1 is 45~65cm.

[0028] During installation, each support device 1 needs to be lifted up to contact the arch of the mine tunnel. If necessary, steel plates also need to be laid on the arch of the mine tunnel as the uppermost layer of protection.

[0029] The two adjacent support devices 1 are connected by a linkage device 2 to realize the connection of the support devices 1 in the mine tunnel.

[0030] Finally, a safety net is hung, which is made of steel wire mesh.

[0031] See Figure 2As shown, the support device 1 includes a U-shaped top beam 11 and vertical beams 12 installed at both ends of the U-shaped top beam 11. Anchor rods 13 are installed between the vertical beams 12 and the mine shaft. One end of the anchor rod 13 is inserted into the mine shaft wall and fixed by grouting. The other end of the anchor rod 13 passes through the vertical beam 12 and is fitted with a nut 130. An adjustment device 14 is installed through the vertical beam 12 to adjust the support height of the U-shaped top beam 11. Multiple suspension holes 15 are passed through the end face of the U-shaped top beam 11. The safety net 3 is tied with wire 31 between the safety net 3 and the suspension holes 15. The connecting rod device 2 connects the vertical beam 12.

[0032] In the above technical solution, the vertical beam 12 is connected and fixed to the mine shaft by grouting anchor rods to ensure that the position of the vertical beam 12 is stable. In the initial stage of installation, the U-shaped top beam 11 and the vertical beam 12 are first connected and the U-shaped top beam 11 is kept in a downward position. Then the support device 1 is verticalized and the vertical beam 12 is fixed to the anchor rod 13 by nuts 130.

[0033] Finally, the U-shaped top beam 11 is supported by the lifting of the adjusting device 14 until it contacts the arch of the mine.

[0034] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a chute 121 is provided on the end face of the vertical beam 12 facing the mine wall. The chute 121 extends vertically through the vertical beam 12. Both ends of the U-shaped top beam 11 are inserted into the chute 121 of the vertical beam 12 and slide vertically along the chute 121. A slot 122 is provided at the top position of the side of the vertical beam 12 away from the chute 121. The adjusting device 14 is slidably assembled in the slot 122. An installation hole 123 for passing through the anchor rod 13 is provided on the end face of the vertical beam 12.

[0035] In the above technical solution, the U-shaped top beam 11 is limited by the chute 121, so that the U-shaped top beam 11 is restricted between the mine roadway and the vertical beam 12, and can only be adjusted vertically along the chute 121.

[0036] The adjustment device 14 is installed using a slot 122, which facilitates replacement if the adjustment device 14 is damaged in the future.

[0037] See Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the adjusting device 14 includes a slider 141 and an adjusting screw 142. The slider 141 is slidably inserted into the slot 122. The top of the slider 141 is provided with a vertically penetrating threaded hole 143. The adjusting screw 142 is screwed into the bottom of the threaded hole 143. Supports 111 are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the U-shaped top beam 11. The bottom of the support 111 is provided with an insertion hole (not shown). The upper end of the adjusting screw 142 passes through the threaded hole and is fitted with an insertion block 144. The insertion block 144 is inserted upward into the insertion hole. The insertion block 144 is cylindrical and can rotate coaxially along the insertion hole.

[0038] In the above technical solution, the slider 141 can slide out along the slot 122 to facilitate the replacement of the slider 141 and the adjusting screw 142.

[0039] The position adjustment of the U-shaped top beam 11 is achieved by adjusting the upward rotation of the adjusting screw 142 to move the support 111.

[0040] See Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the connecting rod device 2 includes two connecting plates 21 and a connecting rod 22 installed between the two connecting plates 21. The surface of the connecting plate 21 is provided with a strip groove 23 for passing through the anchor rod. The anchor rod 13 can slide along the strip groove 23 to adjust the installation height of the connecting plate 21. The connecting plate 21 is fixed to the outer end face of the vertical beam 12 by a nut 130. The end of the connecting plate 21 away from the vertical beam 12 is provided with an ear plate 24. The connecting rod 22 is fixed in the ear plate 24 by screws.

[0041] In the above technical solution, when there is a height difference on the ground, the upper and lower positions of the connecting plate 21 can be adjusted so that the two adjacent ear plates 24 correspond, which facilitates the installation of the connecting rod 22.

[0042] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0043] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0044] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0045] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0046] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A support structure for underground mine tunnels in high-altitude metal mines, characterized in that: The system includes support devices arranged along the mine tunnel and linkage devices installed between adjacent support devices. The support height of each support device is independently adjustable to adapt to changes in the height of the mine tunnel. It also includes a safety net suspended by multiple support devices to catch rocks falling from the top of the mine tunnel.

2. The high altitude metal mine engineering underground mine tunnel support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support device includes a U-shaped top beam and vertical beams installed at both ends of the U-shaped top beam. Anchor rods are installed between the vertical beams and the mine shaft. One end of the anchor rod is inserted into the mine shaft wall for fixation, and the other end of the anchor rod passes through the vertical beam and is fitted with a nut. An adjustment device is installed through the vertical beam to adjust the support height of the U-shaped top beam. Multiple suspension holes are penetrating at the end face of the U-shaped top beam. The safety net is tied with wire between the suspension holes. The connecting rod device connects the vertical beam.

3. The high altitude metal mine engineering underground mine tunnel support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A chute is provided on the end face of the vertical beam facing the mine wall. The chute runs vertically through the vertical beam. Both ends of the U-shaped top beam are inserted into the chute of the vertical beam and slide along the vertical chute. A slot is provided at the top position of the vertical beam on the side away from the chute. The adjusting device is slidably assembled in the slot. An installation hole for passing through the anchor rod is provided on the end face of the vertical beam.

4. The high altitude metal mine engineering underground mine tunnel support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjusting device includes a slider and an adjusting screw. The slider is slidably inserted into the slot. A vertically penetrating threaded hole is provided at the top of the slider. The adjusting screw is screwed in from the bottom of the threaded hole. Supports are provided on both inner walls of the U-shaped top beam. Insertion holes are provided at the bottom of the supports. An insertion block is fitted after the upper end of the adjusting screw passes through the threaded hole. The insertion block is inserted upward into the insertion hole. The insertion block can rotate coaxially along the insertion hole.

5. The high altitude metal mine engineering underground mine tunnel support structure of claim 4, wherein: The connecting rod device includes two connecting plates and a connecting rod installed between the two connecting plates. The surface of the connecting plate is provided with a strip groove for the anchor rod to pass through. The anchor rod can slide along the strip groove to adjust the installation height of the connecting plate. The connecting plate is fixed to the outer end face of the vertical beam by a nut. The end of the connecting plate away from the vertical beam is provided with a lug plate. The connecting rod is fixed in the lug plate by screws.

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