Supporting device for preventing collapse of super-long tunnel

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical fields of the supporting device of preventing collapse of super long tunnel, disclose a kind of supporting device of preventing collapse of super long tunnel, including side plate and side wall supporting plate, the top of side plate is provided with supporting roof, by the adjusting assembly of being set, when supporting tunnel top, hydraulic rod drives supporting roof to move up and down, adapt different height tunnel top, ensure to fit strata, no supporting gap to disperse pressure, reduce collapse risk, after roof in place, electric push rod piston rod inserts the positioning hole of guide rod, lock guide rod, prevent roof from falling due to pressure or pressure relief, guarantee top support effective, when supporting tunnel side wall, staff rotates carousel, and side wall supporting plate moves transversely by screw rod, connecting rod slides along side plate auxiliary guide, so that side wall supporting plate fits tunnel side wall, resist lateral pressure, prevent side wall from bursting and collapsing, top and side wall collaborative support, improve the effect of preventing collapse of super long tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of support devices for preventing collapse in extra-long tunnels, and particularly to a support device for preventing collapse in extra-long tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnel support systems are structures used in tunnel construction. Their main function is to maintain the stability of the tunnel and prevent it from collapsing. Common tunnel support systems include steel arches, anchor bolts, and shotcrete. These support systems can be used individually or in combination, depending on the requirements of the tunnel construction and geological conditions. The design and construction of tunnel support systems need to consider multiple factors, including tunnel cross-sectional dimensions, surrounding rock conditions, and construction methods. During the design and construction process, relevant specifications and standards must be followed to ensure the safety and reliability of the tunnel support systems. At the same time, the construction quality of the tunnel support systems has a significant impact on the overall quality of the tunnel construction; therefore, quality management and supervision need to be strengthened during the construction process.

[0003] The applicant discovered through a search that a Chinese patent discloses "A Support Device for Preventing Collapse in Extra-Long Tunnels," with publication (announcement) number "CN221761966U." This patent primarily utilizes a method where, when two identical support devices are used together, the bottom surface of the support plate on top of one support device covers the top surface of the pad on top of the other support device. Simultaneously, the outer wall of the locking block inserts into the inner wall of the locking slot. When the two identical support devices are combined, the support structure above the support devices fit tightly together to form a unified whole, thus preventing gaps between the two sets of support devices. This also provides support and protection for the curved roof wall of the tunnel. When multiple sets of support devices are used in combination, it can meet the requirements for extra-long tunnels... To meet the requirements for preventing landslides, sidewall support plates can be used to support and protect the tunnel sidewalls. However, the top support locking reliability of this patent is insufficient and the sidewall adjustment lacks stable guidance. In actual use, when the pressure of the top rock layer increases suddenly, the threads are prone to slippage, causing the lifting support plate to fall, creating gaps in the originally fitted support structure, and even triggering a chain of collapses. In addition, the lack of an auxiliary guiding structure makes the support plate prone to tilting and displacement during the adjustment process. The tilting of the sidewall support plate will reduce the contact area with the tunnel sidewall, making it impossible to evenly transmit the support force, causing local stress concentration on the sidewall, leading to problems such as bulging, cracking, and spalling. Therefore, we propose a support device for preventing landslides in extra-long tunnels. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a support device for preventing collapse in extra-long tunnels, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as insufficient reliability of top support locking and lack of stable guidance for side wall adjustment. In actual use, when the pressure of the top rock layer increases suddenly, the threads are prone to slippage, causing the lifting support plate to fall, creating gaps in the originally fitted support structure, and even triggering a chain collapse. Without an auxiliary guiding structure, the support plate is prone to tilting and shifting during adjustment. The tilting of the side wall support plate will reduce the contact area with the tunnel side wall, making it impossible to evenly transmit the support force, causing local stress concentration on the side wall, and leading to problems such as bulging, cracking, and spalling.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a support device for preventing collapse in extra-long tunnels, comprising a side plate and a sidewall support plate. A support top plate is provided on the top of the side plate, and an adjustment assembly is provided below the support top plate. The adjustment assembly includes a protective box, a guide rod, an electric push rod, and a connecting rod. A hydraulic rod is provided inside the protective box, and the upper end of the hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support top plate. The sidewall support plate is connected to a turntable via a screw.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment, the protective box is fixedly installed on the bottom inner side of the side plate, the guide rod is fixedly installed on the bottom of the support top plate, the top of the side plate is provided with a guide groove, and the outer wall of the guide rod is slidably connected to the inside of the guide groove.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the outer wall of the guide rod is provided with a plurality of positioning holes that are equally spaced apart. The electric push rod is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the side plate, and the piston rod of the electric push rod is inserted into the inside of the side plate and the inside of the positioning holes.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, one end of the screw is rotatably connected to the inside of the side wall support plate, the other end of the screw is fixedly connected to the inside of the turntable, the outer wall of the screw is threadedly connected to the inside of the side plate, the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the surface of the side wall support plate, and the outer wall of the connecting rod is slidably connected to the inside of the side plate.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the side panel is provided with a fixing component, the fixing component includes toothed feet, and multiple sets of toothed feet are provided, the multiple sets of toothed feet being evenly distributed and fixedly installed on the bottom of the side panel.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, a circular groove is provided on the inner side wall of the side plate, a ground nail is provided inside the circular groove, and multiple sets of barbs are provided on the outer wall of the ground nail in an equidistant manner.

[0011] The technical effects and advantages of this utility model are as follows:

[0012] 1. Through the set adjustment components, when supporting the top of the tunnel, the hydraulic rod drives the support plate to move up and down to adapt to the tunnel top of different heights, ensuring that it fits the rock layer without support gaps, and disperses the top pressure to reduce the risk of collapse. After the support plate is in place, the electric push rod piston rod is inserted into the positioning hole of the guide rod to lock the guide rod and prevent the support plate from falling due to pressure or pressure relief, ensuring the continuous effectiveness of the top support. When supporting the tunnel sidewall, the workers rotate the turntable, which drives the sidewall support plate to move laterally through the screw. The connecting rod slides along the side plate to assist in the guidance, so that the sidewall support plate fits the tunnel sidewall, resists the lateral surrounding rock pressure, and prevents the sidewall from bulging and collapsing. Through the coordinated support of the top and sidewall, the effect of preventing collapse in extra-long tunnels can be comprehensively improved.

[0013] 2. Through the fixed components, multiple sets of equidistant toothed feet can be directly embedded into the surface of the tunnel. The physical interlocking increases the friction between the side plate and the ground, effectively preventing the side plate from sliding laterally due to the pressure of the top support plate or the lateral thrust of the side wall support plate. This provides a stable bottom foundation support for the entire support device. Meanwhile, the ground nails can penetrate deep below the tunnel surface. In conjunction with the multiple sets of equidistant barbs on the outer wall of the ground nails, they can form a reverse interlocking with the ground soil or rock layer, further improving the overall pull-out resistance and lateral displacement resistance of the device, ensuring the long-term stability of the support structure, and indirectly enhancing the reliability of the top and side walls in preventing collapse. Through the dual effects of "surface anti-slip and deep anchoring", the two provide a solid guarantee for the effective support of the top and side walls. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall partial structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the adjustment component of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing component of this utility model.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Side plate; 2. Support top plate; 3. Adjustment assembly; 301. Protective box; 302. Hydraulic rod; 303. Guide groove; 304. Guide rod; 305. Positioning hole; 306. Electric push rod; 307. Screw; 308. Turntable; 309. Connecting rod; 4. Fixing assembly; 401. Toothed foot; 402. Circular groove; 403. Ground nail; 404. Barb; 5. Side wall support plate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 4 A support device for preventing collapse in a long tunnel includes a side plate 1 and a side wall support plate 5. A support top plate 2 is provided on the top of the side plate 1, and an adjustment component 3 is provided below the support top plate 2. The adjustment component 3 includes a protective box 301, a guide rod 304, an electric push rod 306, and a connecting rod 309. A hydraulic rod 302 is provided inside the protective box 301. The upper end of the hydraulic rod 302 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support top plate 2. The side wall support plate 5 is connected to a turntable 308 through a screw 307.

[0022] The top support plate 2 is in direct contact with the top rock layer of the tunnel, bearing the pressure of the top rock layer. Through its own rigid structure, it transmits the pressure to the adjustment component 3 and side plate 1 below, blocking the risk of collapse from the top. It is the core load-bearing component of the top support. The side wall support plate 5 is in direct contact with the rock layers on both sides of the tunnel, bearing the lateral compression pressure of the rock layers. Through its own structure, it transmits the lateral force to the side plate 1, preventing the tunnel sidewall from cracking or collapsing due to excessive pressure. It is the core load-bearing component of the lateral support.

[0023] The protective box 301 is fixedly installed on the bottom inner side of the side plate 1, the guide rod 304 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the support top plate 2, the top of the side plate 1 is provided with a guide groove 303, the outer wall of the guide rod 304 is slidably connected to the inside of the guide groove 303, the outer wall of the guide rod 304 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes 305 distributed at equal intervals, the electric push rod 306 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the side plate 1, and the piston rod of the electric push rod 306 is inserted into the inside of the side plate 1 and the inside of the positioning holes 305.

[0024] The side plate 1 is provided in two sets, and the two sets of side plates 1 are located on both sides of the bottom of the support top plate 2. The exterior of the two sets of side plates 1 is provided with components such as protective box 301, hydraulic rod 302, guide groove 303, guide rod 304, positioning hole 305, electric push rod 306, and screw 307. The side wall support plate 5 is provided in two sets, and the two sets of side wall support plates 5 are located on the opposite side of the two sets of side plates 1.

[0025] One end of the screw 307 is rotatably connected to the inside of the side wall support plate 5, and the other end of the screw 307 is fixedly connected to the inside of the turntable 308. The outer wall of the screw 307 is threadedly connected to the inside of the side plate 1. The connecting rod 309 is fixedly connected to the surface of the side wall support plate 5, and the outer wall of the connecting rod 309 is slidably connected to the inside of the side plate 1.

[0026] Turntable 308 is a "manual operating component" of screw 307. Workers can provide rotational power to screw 307 by rotating turntable 308. Compared with directly rotating screw 307, turntable 308 has a larger diameter and can save manpower by using the lever principle, making it easier for construction workers to adjust the position of side wall support plate 5.

[0027] Specifically, when supporting the tunnel top using the adjustable component 3, the hydraulic rod 302 drives the support plate 2 to move up and down to adapt to different tunnel top heights, ensuring close contact with the rock strata and no support gaps, thus dispersing the top pressure to reduce the risk of collapse. After the support plate 2 is in place, the piston rod of the electric push rod 306 is inserted into the positioning hole 305 of the guide rod 304 to lock the guide rod 304, preventing the support plate 2 from falling due to pressure or pressure relief, and ensuring the continuous effectiveness of the top support. When supporting the tunnel sidewall, the workers rotate the turntable 308, which drives the sidewall support plate 5 to move laterally through the screw 307. The connecting rod 309 slides along the side plate 1 to assist in guiding, so that the sidewall support plate 5 fits against the tunnel sidewall, resisting lateral rock pressure and preventing sidewall bulging and collapse. Through the coordinated support of the top and sidewall, the effect of preventing collapse in extra-long tunnels can be improved.

[0028] Please see the appendix Figure 1 Appendix Figure 3 and appendix Figure 5 The bottom of the side plate 1 is provided with a fixing component 4, which includes toothed feet 401. Multiple sets of toothed feet 401 are provided and are fixedly installed at the bottom of the side plate 1 in an equidistant manner. A circular groove 402 is provided on the inner side wall of the side plate 1. A ground nail 403 is provided inside the circular groove 402. Multiple sets of barbs 404 are provided on the outer wall of the ground nail 403 in an equidistant manner.

[0029] The circular groove 402 provides an "installation and guidance channel" for the ground nail 403. The circular groove 402, which is opened on the inner side wall of the side plate 1, can accommodate the installation of the ground nail 403. At the same time, it restricts the movement direction of the ground nail 403 when it is driven in, ensuring that the ground nail 403 penetrates into the ground vertically or at a preset angle, avoiding the ground nail 403 tilting and causing anchoring failure, and ensuring the installation accuracy and stability of the ground nail 403.

[0030] Specifically, multiple sets of equidistant toothed feet 401 are embedded in the surface of the tunnel, increasing the friction between the side plate 1 and the ground through physical interlocking. This prevents the side plate 1 from sliding laterally due to the pressure of the top support plate 2 or the lateral thrust of the side wall support plate 5, providing a stable bottom foundation support for the support device. The ground nail 403 extends deep below the tunnel surface, and together with multiple sets of equidistant barbs 404 on the outer wall of the ground nail 403, they form a reverse interlock with the ground soil or rock layer, improving the overall pull-out resistance and lateral displacement resistance of the device, ensuring the long-term stability of the support structure, and indirectly enhancing the reliability of the top and side walls in preventing collapse. Through the dual effects of "surface anti-slip and deep anchoring", the two provide a solid guarantee for the effective support of the top and side walls.

[0031] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: This utility model is a support device for preventing collapse in extra-long tunnels. First, the workers place two sets of side plates 1 on the ground on both sides of the tunnel area to be supported, ensuring that the two sets of side plates 1 are symmetrically distributed. At this time, the multiple sets of equidistant teeth 401 at the bottom of the side plates 1 naturally contact the ground, initially increasing the friction with the ground through physical interlocking, providing basic anti-slip support for the device. Next, the workers insert ground nails 403 into the circular grooves 402 on the inner sidewall of the side plates 1, and then use a hammer or special tools to secure the ground nails. The nail 403 is driven into the tunnel below ground level. The circular groove 402 restricts the movement direction of the nail 403, ensuring its vertical penetration. The barbs 404 on the outer wall of the nail 403 form a reverse interlock with the ground soil or rock layer, preventing the nail 403 from coming out. This completes the deep anchoring of the side plate 1, providing a stable bottom foundation for subsequent support. After the bottom is fixed, the workers activate the hydraulic rod 302 inside the protective box 301. The hydraulic rod 302 extends and drives the top support plate 2 to move upward. During this process, the guide rod 304 at the bottom of the support plate 2... Slide along the guide groove 303 on the top of side plate 1 to ensure the smooth raising and lowering of the support top plate 2. When the support top plate 2 is tightly attached to the top rock layer of the tunnel, the workers stop the hydraulic rod 302 and activate the electric push rod 306 on the inner wall of side plate 1. The piston rod of the electric push rod 306 extends and inserts into the positioning hole 305 on the outer wall of the guide rod 304, locking the position of the guide rod 304 to prevent the support top plate 2 from falling due to the pressure of the top rock layer or the depressurization of the hydraulic rod 302, thus completing the fixation of the top support. After the top support is in place, the workers turn around. During the sidewall support operation, the worker holds the turntable 308 with both hands and rotates it. The turntable 308 drives the screw 307 fixed to it to rotate synchronously. The rotating screw 307 pushes the sidewall support plate 5 to move laterally towards the tunnel sidewall. At the same time, the connecting rod 309 on the surface of the sidewall support plate 5 slides along the inside of the side plate 1 to assist in guiding and prevent the sidewall support plate 5 from tilting until the sidewall support plate 5 is tightly attached to the tunnel sidewall. The worker then stops rotating the turntable 308. At this time, the sidewall support plate 5 can effectively resist the lateral surrounding rock pressure, and the sidewall support is completed.

[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A support device for preventing collapse in extra-long tunnels, comprising side plates (1) and sidewall support plates (5), wherein a support top plate (2) is provided on the top of the side plates (1), characterized in that: An adjustment assembly (3) is provided below the support top plate (2). The adjustment assembly (3) includes a protective box (301), a guide rod (304), an electric push rod (306), and a connecting rod (309). A hydraulic rod (302) is provided inside the protective box (301). The upper end of the hydraulic rod (302) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support top plate (2). The side wall support plate (5) is connected to a turntable (308) through a screw (307).

2. The support device for preventing collapse in extra-long tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective box (301) is fixedly installed on the bottom inner side of the side plate (1), the guide rod (304) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the support top plate (2), the top of the side plate (1) is provided with a guide groove (303), and the outer wall of the guide rod (304) is slidably connected to the inside of the guide groove (303).

3. The support device for preventing collapse in extra-long tunnels according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide rod (304) has multiple sets of positioning holes (305) that are evenly distributed on its outer wall. The electric push rod (306) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the side plate (1). The piston rod of the electric push rod (306) is inserted into the inside of the side plate (1) and the inside of the positioning holes (305).

4. A support device for preventing collapse in extra-long tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the screw (307) is rotatably connected to the inside of the side wall support plate (5), and the other end of the screw (307) is fixedly connected to the inside of the turntable (308). The outer wall of the screw (307) is threadedly connected to the inside of the side plate (1). The connecting rod (309) is fixedly connected to the surface of the side wall support plate (5), and the outer wall of the connecting rod (309) is slidably connected to the inside of the side plate (1).

5. A support device for preventing collapse in extra-long tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the side plate (1) is provided with a fixing component (4), the fixing component (4) includes toothed feet (401), and multiple sets of toothed feet (401) are provided. The multiple sets of toothed feet (401) are evenly distributed and fixedly installed on the bottom of the side plate (1).

6. A support device for preventing collapse in extra-long tunnels according to claim 5, characterized in that: A circular groove (402) is provided on the inner side wall of the side plate (1), and a ground nail (403) is provided inside the circular groove (402). Multiple sets of barbs (404) are provided on the outer wall of the ground nail (403) in an equidistant manner.

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