High-pressure steam superheater facilitating gas-solid separation in shell side

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of petrochemical equipment technology, specifically to a high-pressure steam superheater that facilitates shell-side gas-solid separation. It includes an upper tube box, a tube sheet, a shell-side cylinder, and a lower tube box arranged sequentially from top to bottom. An inner cylinder is located within the shell-side cylinder, and the space between the outer wall of the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the shell-side cylinder serves as a shell-side heat exchange chamber. The upper end of the inner cylinder extends near the tube sheet and connects to the shell-side heat exchange chamber. A flow guide is located at the lower end of the inner cylinder, forming a shell-side inflow chamber with the lower tube box. The lower tube box has a shell-side inlet pipe connecting to the shell-side inflow chamber, a solids discharge pipe at the bottom of the lower tube box, and a shell-side outlet pipe at the lower part of the shell-side heat exchange chamber. Compared to existing methods where the shell-side inlet pipe directly connects to the inner cylinder, this application uses a shell-side inflow chamber, allowing most particles to fall to the bottom of the chamber while the gas flows upwards, achieving gas-solid separation. Furthermore, the shell-side medium is buffered in the shell-side inflow chamber, reducing equipment vibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of petrochemical equipment technology, specifically to a high-pressure steam superheater that facilitates shell-side gas-solid separation. Background Technology

[0002] Chinese patent document CN107883789A discloses a heat exchange method for a U-tube heat exchanger. This method utilizes the U-tube heat exchanger proposed in this invention. The tube-side medium enters the U-tube. The shell-side medium enters the inner cylinder, then flows into the inner heat exchange channel towards the tail end of the U-tube, undergoing pure counter-current heat exchange with the tube-side medium flowing towards the tube sheet in the return section of the U-tube. Subsequently, the shell-side medium enters the outer heat exchange channel and flows towards the tube sheet, again undergoing pure counter-current heat exchange with the tube-side medium flowing towards the tail end of the U-tube in the inlet section. The heat-exchanged shell-side medium flows through the flow channel and finally exits from the shell-side medium outlet pipe. The heat-exchanged tube-side medium enters the tube-side medium accumulation chamber and finally exits from the tube-side medium outlet pipe.

[0003] This type of heat exchanger structure is already very mature. Earlier published documents, such as US Patent No. 5915465A, disclose a heat exchanger, and its related patents: CA2220607A1, CA2220607C, DE59705073D1, DK0864830T3, EP0864830A1, EP0864830B1, JP4032366B2, and JPH10300370A, all disclose this type of flow pattern in the tube side and shell side. In all of them, a manifold is set in the tube box. The tube side medium enters the heat exchange tube from the tube box, flows through the entire heat exchange tube, and then flows into the manifold and out. The shell side medium enters from the end away from the tube box, flows through the inner cylinder and flows into the shell side near the tube sheet to exchange heat with the heat exchange tube.

[0004] The material at the shell-side inlet is a gas-solid mixture containing particles. Since the shell-side inlet is connected to the inner cylinder through a pipe, the existing technology involves setting up a gas-solid separation mechanism outside the shell-side inlet to separate the solid particles before the gas passes through the inner cylinder into the shell side. This method is complex and costly. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a high-pressure steam superheater that facilitates shell-side gas-solid separation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A high-pressure steam superheater that facilitates shell-side gas-solid separation is provided, comprising an upper tube box, a tube sheet, a shell-side cylinder, and a lower tube box arranged sequentially from top to bottom, with the shell-side cylinder and the upper tube box separated by the tube sheet. The shell-side cylinder is provided with an inner cylinder, and the space between the outer wall of the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the shell-side cylinder serves as the shell-side heat exchange chamber. The upper end of the inner cylinder extends to near the tube sheet and connects to the shell-side heat exchange chamber. The upper tube box is equipped with a manifold inside. The space between the inner side of the upper tube box and the outer side of the manifold serves as the tube flow chamber. The upper tube box is equipped with a tube inlet pipe that connects to the tube flow chamber. The manifold is connected to a tube outlet pipe that extends out of the upper tube box. The shell-side heat exchange chamber is equipped with multiple U-shaped heat exchange tubes. Both ends of each heat exchange tube are welded and fixed to the tube holes of the tube sheet. One end of each heat exchange tube is connected to the tube side and flows into the chamber, while the other end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the manifold. Its characteristics are: The lower end of the inner cylinder is provided with a flow guide shroud, which together with the lower tube box forms the shell-side inflow chamber. The shell-side inflow chamber is separated from the shell-side heat exchange chamber. The lower tube box is provided with a shell-side inlet pipe that connects to the shell-side inflow chamber. The bottom of the lower tube box is provided with a solid discharge pipe. The lower part of the shell-side heat exchange chamber is provided with a shell-side outlet pipe.

[0007] As a further optional solution, the fairing includes a connecting section and a downwardly flared frustum section. The upper end of the connecting section is connected to the lower end of the inner cylinder, the lower end of the connecting section is connected to the upper end of the frustum section, and the lower end of the frustum section is sealed and fixed to the inner wall of the lower pipe box.

[0008] As a further alternative, the cylindrical connecting section and the frustum section can be an integrated structure or a structure that is welded together and fixed in place.

[0009] As a further alternative, the connecting section is nested into the inner cylinder, and a sliding sealing structure is provided between the two.

[0010] As a further alternative, the inner cylinder includes a main cylinder and a transition cylinder connected vertically, with the main cylinder and the transition cylinder sealed together via a flange structure, and the transition cylinder fixed to the shell-side cylinder.

[0011] As a further alternative, the tube sheet is provided with a downwardly extending positioning plate, which is fixed to the upper end of the main shell. The upper end of the main shell is kept at a distance from the tube sheet, serving as a channel to connect the shell-side heat exchange chamber.

[0012] As a further optional solution, the inner wall of the lower tube box, the inner wall of the shell-side inlet pipe, and / or the inner wall of the drain pipe are provided with an inner lining.

[0013] As a further alternative, the inner cylinder and the shell-side cylinder are arranged coaxially.

[0014] As a further optional solution, a bypass pipe is provided between the shell-side inlet pipe and the shell-side outlet pipe, and the bypass pipe is equipped with a regulating valve.

[0015] As a further optional solution, the inner bottom surface of the lower pipe box is concave, and the drain pipe is connected to the lower part of the concave position; and / or: the lower pipe box is provided with a manhole.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This utility model discloses a high-pressure steam superheater that facilitates shell-side gas-solid separation. A flow guide shroud is installed at the lower end of the inner cylinder. The flow guide shroud and the lower tube box form a shell-side inflow chamber. In use, the shell-side medium first enters the shell-side inflow chamber from the shell-side inlet pipe, then enters the inner cylinder, then flows upward and flows out from the upper end of the inner cylinder into the shell-side heat exchange chamber. While flowing downward, it exchanges heat with the tube wall of the heat exchange tube, and finally flows out from the shell-side outlet pipe.

[0017] Compared to existing methods where the shell-side inlet pipe directly connects to the inner cylinder, this application features a shell-side inflow chamber where gas and solids separate. Most particles fall to the bottom of the chamber, while the gas flows upward, achieving gas-solid separation. Furthermore, the shell-side medium is buffered in the shell-side inflow chamber, avoiding the impact of sharp bends when entering the inner cylinder and reducing equipment vibration. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation on the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the following drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a high-pressure steam superheater that facilitates shell-side gas-solid separation, as shown in the embodiment.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A magnified view of point B in the middle.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A sectional view with CC as the cross section.

[0024] Figure label: Upper tube box 1, tube side inflow chamber 11, tube side inlet tube 12, tube side outlet tube 13, manifold 14; Tube sheet 2; Shell-side shell 3, shell-side heat exchange chamber 31; 4. Lower tube box, 41. Shell side inlet tube, 42. Shell side outlet tube, 43. Shell side inflow chamber, 44. Solid discharge tube, 45. Manhole; Heat exchange tube 5; Inner cylinder 6, main cylinder 61, transition cylinder 62; 7. Flow deflector 71; 72. Connecting section 71; 72. Conical section 72; 8. Inner liner, 9. Sealing ring, 10. Flange structure, 011. Positioning plate, 012. Bypass pipe, 013. Regulating valve. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0026] This embodiment provides a high-pressure steam superheater that facilitates shell-side gas-solid separation, such as... Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the structure includes, from top to bottom, an upper tube box 1, a tube sheet 2, a shell-side cylinder 3, and a lower tube box 4. The upper tube box 1 is welded and fixed to the top of the tube sheet 2, and the shell-side cylinder 3 and the upper tube box 1 are separated by the tube sheet 2. The shell-side cylinder 3 has an inner cylinder 6, and the space between the outer wall of the inner cylinder 6 and the inner wall of the shell-side cylinder 3 serves as the shell-side heat exchange chamber 31. The upper end of the inner cylinder 6 extends close to the tube sheet 2 and communicates with the shell-side heat exchange chamber 31.

[0027] The upper tube box 1 has a manifold 14 inside, which is fixed to the top of the tube sheet 2. The space between the inner side of the upper tube box 1 and the outer side of the manifold 14 serves as the tube-side inflow chamber 11. The upper tube box 1 has a tube-side inlet pipe 12 that connects to the tube-side inflow chamber 11, and the manifold 14 has a tube-side outlet pipe 13 that extends out of the upper tube box 1. The shell-side heat exchange chamber 31 has multiple U-shaped heat exchange tubes 5. Both ends of each heat exchange tube 5 are welded and fixed to the tube holes of the tube sheet 2. One end of each heat exchange tube 5 connects to the tube-side inflow chamber 11, and the other end of the heat exchange tube 5 connects to the manifold 14. In use, the tube-side medium flows sequentially through: the tube-side inlet pipe 12, the tube-side inflow chamber 11, the heat exchange tubes 5, the manifold 14, and the tube-side outlet pipe 13.

[0028] In this embodiment, a flow guide shroud 7 is provided at the lower end of the inner cylinder 6. The flow guide shroud 7 and the lower tube box 4 form a shell-side inflow chamber 43, which is separated from the shell-side heat exchange chamber 31. The lower tube box 4 is provided with a shell-side inlet pipe 41 that connects to the shell-side inflow chamber 43. A solid discharge pipe 44 is provided at the bottom of the lower tube box 4. A shell-side outlet pipe 42 is provided at the lower part of the shell-side heat exchange chamber 31. In use, the shell-side medium first enters the shell-side inflow chamber 43 from the shell-side inlet pipe 41, then enters the inner cylinder 6, then flows upward and flows out from the upper end of the inner cylinder 6 into the shell-side heat exchange chamber 31. While flowing downward, it exchanges heat with the tube wall of the heat exchange tube 5, and finally flows out from the shell-side outlet pipe 42.

[0029] Compared to existing methods where the shell-side inlet pipe directly connects to the inner cylinder, this application features a shell-side inlet chamber 43 where gas and solids separate. Most particles fall to the bottom of the chamber, while the gas flows upward, achieving gas-solid separation. Furthermore, the shell-side medium is buffered in the shell-side inlet chamber 43, avoiding the impact of large bends when entering the inner cylinder 6 and reducing equipment vibration.

[0030] In this embodiment, the flow guide 7 includes a straight cylindrical connecting section 71 and a downwardly flared frustum section 72. The upper end of the connecting section 71 is connected to the lower end of the inner cylinder 6, the lower end of the connecting section 71 is connected to the upper end of the frustum section 72, and the lower end of the frustum section 72 is sealed and fixed to the inner wall of the lower pipe box 4.

[0031] The connecting section 71 and the frustum section 72 are either an integrated structure or a structure that is welded together and fixed.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, the connecting section 71 is inserted and nested with the inner cylinder 6, and a sliding sealing structure is provided between the two, specifically a sealing ring 9. During use, the inner cylinder 6 can undergo a small displacement due to thermal expansion. Moreover, during maintenance, the inner cylinder 6 can be pulled out to separate it from the guide shroud 7.

[0033] The inner cylinder 6 includes a main cylinder 61 and a transition cylinder 62 connected vertically. The transition cylinder 62 is a shorter section. The main cylinder 61 and the transition cylinder 62 are sealed together via a flange structure 10. The transition cylinder 62 is fixed to the shell-side cylinder 3, and the connecting section 71 is connected to the transition cylinder 62. During maintenance, the main cylinder 61 and the transition cylinder 62 can be separated by disassembling the flange structure 10.

[0034] The tube sheet 2 is provided with a downwardly extending positioning plate 011. The positioning plate 011 is fixed to the upper end of the main cylinder 6 by bolts and nuts. The upper end of the main cylinder 6 is kept at a distance from the tube sheet 2, serving as a channel to connect the shell-side heat exchange chamber 31.

[0035] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the lower tube box 4, the inner wall of the shell-side inlet pipe 41, and the inner wall of the drain pipe 44 are provided with an inner lining layer 8.

[0036] Specifically, the inner cylinder 6 and the shell cylinder 3 are arranged coaxially.

[0037] Specifically, the lower end of the inner cylinder 6 extends into the lower tube box 4, and the shell-side outlet pipe 42 is disposed on the side wall of the lower tube box 4. The shell-side outlet pipe 42 and the shell-side inlet pipe 41 are arranged longitudinally offset.

[0038] Specifically, a bypass pipe 012 is provided between the shell-side inlet pipe 41 and the shell-side outlet pipe 42. The bypass pipe 012 is equipped with a regulating valve 013, which allows part of the medium in the shell-side inlet pipe 41 to flow directly to the shell-side outlet pipe 42 without heat exchange as needed, thereby regulating the medium temperature at the shell-side outlet.

[0039] Specifically, the inner bottom surface of the lower pipe box 4 is concave, and the solid discharge pipe 44 is connected to the lower part of the concave position to facilitate the discharge of solid particles. The solid discharge pipe 44 is normally closed and can be opened for sewage discharge after the machine is stopped.

[0040] Specifically, the lower pipe box 4 is equipped with a manhole 45.

[0041] In the description of this utility model, it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0042] Therefore, the above detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "middle," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0044] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. They can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. They can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A high-pressure steam superheater that facilitates shell-side gas-solid separation, comprising an upper tube box (1), a tube sheet (2), a shell-side cylinder (3), and a lower tube box (4) arranged sequentially from top to bottom, wherein the shell-side cylinder (3) and the upper tube box (1) are separated by the tube sheet (2); The shell-side cylinder (3) is provided with an inner cylinder (6). The space between the outer wall of the inner cylinder (6) and the inner wall of the shell-side cylinder (3) serves as the shell-side heat exchange chamber (31). The upper end of the inner cylinder (6) extends to a position close to the tube sheet (2) and connects to the shell-side heat exchange chamber (31). The upper tube box (1) is equipped with a manifold (14) inside. The space between the inner side of the upper tube box (1) and the outer side of the manifold (14) serves as the tube flow in chamber (11). The upper tube box (1) is equipped with a tube inlet pipe (12) that connects to the tube flow in chamber (11). The manifold (14) is connected to a tube outlet pipe (13) that extends out of the upper tube box (1). The shell-side heat exchange chamber (31) is provided with multiple U-shaped heat exchange tubes (5). The two ends of each heat exchange tube (5) are welded and fixed to the tube holes of the tube sheet (2). One end of each heat exchange tube (5) is connected to the tube side flowing into the chamber (11), and the other end of the heat exchange tube (5) is connected to the manifold (14). Its characteristics are: The lower end of the inner cylinder (6) is provided with a flow guide (7), which together with the lower tube box (4) forms a shell-side inflow chamber (43). The shell-side inflow chamber (43) is separated from the shell-side heat exchange chamber (31). The lower tube box (4) is provided with a shell-side inlet pipe (41) that connects to the shell-side inflow chamber (43). The bottom of the lower tube box (4) is provided with a solid discharge pipe (44), and the lower part of the shell-side heat exchange chamber (31) is provided with a shell-side outlet pipe (42).

2. A high pressure steam superheater facilitating gas-solid separation in the shell side according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guide (7) includes a connecting section (71) and a downwardly flared truncated cone section (72). The upper end of the connecting section (71) is connected to the lower end of the inner cylinder (6), and the lower end of the connecting section (71) is connected to the upper end of the truncated cone section (72). The lower end of the truncated cone section is sealed and fixed to the inner wall of the lower pipe box (4).

3. A high pressure steam superheater facilitating gas-solid separation in the shell side according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cylindrical connecting section (71) and the conical section (72) are either an integrated structure or a structure that is welded together and fixed.

4. A high pressure steam superheater facilitating gas-solid separation in the shell side according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting section (71) is nested and inserted into the inner cylinder, and a sliding sealing structure is provided between the two.

5. A high pressure steam superheater facilitating gas-solid separation in the shell side according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner cylinder includes a main cylinder (61) and a transition cylinder (62) connected at the top and bottom. The main cylinder (61) and the transition cylinder (62) are sealed together by a flange structure (10). The transition cylinder (62) is fixed to the shell cylinder (3).

6. A high pressure steam superheater facilitating gas-solid separation in the shell side according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tube sheet (2) is provided with a downwardly extending positioning plate (011). The positioning plate (011) is fixed to the upper end of the main cylinder (61). The upper port of the main cylinder (61) is kept at a distance from the tube sheet (2) as a channel to connect the shell-side heat exchange chamber (31).

7. A high pressure steam superheater facilitating gas-solid separation in the shell side according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the lower tube box (4), the inner wall of the shell-side inlet pipe (41) and / or the inner wall of the drain pipe (44) are provided with an inner lining layer (8).

8. A high pressure steam superheater facilitating gas-solid separation in the shell side according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cylinder (6) and the shell cylinder (3) are arranged coaxially.

9. A high pressure steam superheater facilitating gas-solid separation in the shell side according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bypass pipe (012) is provided between the shell-side inlet pipe (41) and the shell-side outlet pipe (42), and the bypass pipe (012) is equipped with a regulating valve (013).

10. A high pressure steam superheater facilitating gas-solid separation in the shell side according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner bottom surface of the lower pipe box (4) is concave, and the drain pipe (44) is connected to the lower part of the concave position; and / or: the lower pipe box (4) is provided with a manhole (45).

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