A kind of biogas utilization equipment of domestic waste incineration power plant

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of biogas utilization technology, and more particularly to a biogas utilization device for a municipal solid waste incineration power plant. The technical solution includes: a mounting base, a separation tank, an anaerobic fermentation chamber, and an incinerator. The mounting base, separation tank, anaerobic fermentation chamber, and incinerator are fixedly mounted on the top surface of the mounting base. A feed pipe is provided on the side end face of the separation tank, and a drive motor is mounted on the front end face of the feed pipe. A crushing blade is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor, and the crushing blade is disposed inside the feed pipe. A fixing plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the separation tank, and a hydraulic rod is mounted on the top surface of the separation tank. This utility model satisfies the requirements of municipal solid waste incineration and biogas utilization. During use, it can crush municipal solid waste bags, allowing leachate to be discharged. The leachate can be further squeezed during discharge, preventing a large amount of residual liquid still adhering to the inside and surface of the municipal solid waste from affecting incineration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of biogas utilization technology, specifically to a biogas utilization device for a municipal solid waste incineration power plant. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of the social economy and the steady improvement of residents' living standards, the total amount of domestic waste generated in residents' daily lives and production activities has shown a year-on-year increasing trend. Waste treatment and resource utilization have become important issues in the fields of environmental protection and energy development. During the natural degradation process of domestic waste, the leachate it contains, under specific temperature and humidity conditions and anaerobic environment, will gradually be transformed into a combustible mixed gas (i.e., biogas) with methane and carbon dioxide as the main components through the decomposition and metabolism of various microorganisms. Based on this characteristic, both domestic waste and biogas have energy recovery value and can be used as fuel in power plant power generation, providing an effective path for the resource utilization of domestic waste.

[0003] A search revealed that patent CN217356897U discloses a biogas utilization device for a municipal solid waste incineration power plant. While this device utilizes a biogas generator to produce biogas through anaerobic fermentation of leachate, and then incinerates the dry waste, with the biogas filling the combustion chamber and surrounding dry waste through side chambers for thorough combustion, existing devices have certain technical shortcomings in practical application. They only perform preliminary leachate discharge by crushing plastic bags, without further deep processing of the crushed waste. This results in a large amount of residual liquid remaining on the inside and surface of the waste, significantly reducing the efficiency of subsequent incineration (e.g., increasing fuel moisture content, lowering combustion temperature, and increasing the difficulty of flue gas treatment), potentially affecting the stability and safety of the incineration process, and even adversely impacting the operation of the system co-generating power with biogas. Therefore, the structure and processing technology of existing municipal solid waste treatment devices still require further optimization and improvement. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a biogas utilization device for municipal solid waste incineration power plants, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The solution to the above-mentioned technical problems provided by this utility model is as follows: A biogas utilization device for a municipal solid waste incineration power plant includes a mounting base, a separation tank, an anaerobic digester, and an incinerator. The top surface of the mounting base is fixedly equipped with the mounting base, the separation tank, the anaerobic fermentation box and the incinerator. The side end face of the separation tank is provided with a feed pipe. The front end face of the feed pipe is equipped with a drive motor. The output shaft of the drive motor is equipped with crushing blades. The crushing blades are arranged inside the feed pipe. The inner wall of the separation tank is fixedly equipped with a fixing plate. The fixing plate is evenly provided with several through holes. The top surface of the separation tank is equipped with a hydraulic rod.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0007] Furthermore, a connecting pipe is connected to the bottom end of the feed pipe, and the end of the connecting pipe opposite to the feed pipe is installed inside the separation tank.

[0008] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are: The feed pipe is connected to the separation tank through a connecting pipe, allowing the household waste that has been crushed by the shredding blades in the feed pipe to be transported into the separation tank.

[0009] Furthermore, the output shaft of the hydraulic rod is provided with a pressing plate, which is disposed inside the separation tank.

[0010] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are: The hydraulic rod drives the extrusion plate to move up and down inside the separation tank. When the pulverized municipal solid waste falls onto the fixed plate, the extrusion plate presses the waste downwards. The hydraulic rod provides the extrusion force, effectively squeezing out the leachate adhering to the surface and interior of the waste. Combined with the through-holes on the fixed plate, the squeezed-out leachate quickly falls to the bottom of the separation tank. Compared to relying solely on gravity to leach the waste, this structure improves the separation efficiency of leachate, reduces the residual liquid content in the waste, and effectively avoids problems such as incomplete combustion, furnace coking, and increased flue gas pollutant concentration caused by excessive liquid during subsequent incineration, thus improving the quality and efficiency of incineration treatment.

[0011] Furthermore, a drain pipe is connected to the side end face of the separation tank, and the end of the drain pipe facing away from the separation tank is installed inside the anaerobic fermentation chamber.

[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are: The drain pipe forms a waste liquid transport channel between the separation tank and the anaerobic digester, enabling the leached waste liquid collected in the separation tank to be directionally transported to the anaerobic digester. This leached waste liquid is rich in organic matter, making it a high-quality raw material for biogas production through anaerobic fermentation. Transporting it to the anaerobic digester for resource utilization not only avoids environmental pollution caused by direct waste liquid discharge but also provides a sufficient material basis for biogas production, improving the equipment's comprehensive utilization efficiency of different components in municipal solid waste.

[0013] Furthermore, a waste discharge pipe is connected to the rear end of the separation tank, and the end of the waste discharge pipe facing away from the separation tank is installed inside the incinerator.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are: The waste discharge pipe provides a convenient transportation path for the dry municipal solid waste that has undergone leachate separation treatment in the separation tank, enabling the pre-treated waste to be transported to the incinerator for incineration.

[0015] Furthermore, an exhaust pipe is installed on the top surface of the anaerobic fermentation chamber, and the end of the exhaust pipe facing away from the anaerobic fermentation chamber is connected to the incinerator. A valve is installed on the exhaust pipe.

[0016] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are: The exhaust pipe facilitates the transport of biogas between the anaerobic digester and the incinerator. Biogas produced from the anaerobic fermentation of leachate from municipal solid waste in the digester can be directionally transported to the incinerator via the exhaust pipe as auxiliary fuel, supplementing the energy required for combustion. This reduces the incinerator's dependence on fossil fuels (such as natural gas and coal), lowers energy consumption costs and carbon emissions, and aligns with the development concept of energy conservation and environmental protection. Simultaneously, valves installed on the exhaust pipe control the biogas supply rate and timing. When the incinerator needs additional heat or to adjust the combustion state, the biogas input can be controlled by adjusting the valve opening.

[0017] This utility model provides a biogas utilization device for a municipal solid waste incineration power plant. It has the following beneficial effects: This equipment pre-crushes municipal solid waste (especially plastic bags containing leachate) using shredding blades inside the feed pipe. This, combined with a hydraulically driven extrusion plate and a perforated fixed plate inside the separation tank, forms a dual "crushing-extrusion" pretreatment process. Compared to existing devices that only crush and drain leachate, this equipment actively and thoroughly extrudes the leachate adhering to the inside and surface of the municipal solid waste, significantly reducing the moisture content of the dry waste. This optimization addresses the problems of incomplete combustion, large furnace temperature fluctuations, and high coking risk during subsequent incineration, laying a crucial foundation for stable incinerator operation and compliance with emission standards.

[0018] The crushed dry waste is directly fed into the incinerator for power generation through the waste discharge pipe; the separated leachate is transported to the anaerobic digester through the liquid discharge pipe, where it is used to generate biogas from its rich organic matter; the biogas is then transported to the incinerator of the power generation equipment through the exhaust pipe as auxiliary fuel. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention.

[0020] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a side view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a rear view schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the separation tank of this utility model; Figure 5 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the feed pipe of this utility model.

[0021] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Mounting base; 2. Separation tank; 201. Drain pipe; 202. Waste discharge pipe; 203. Fixing plate; 3. Anaerobic fermentation box; 301. Exhaust pipe; 4. Incinerator; 5. Feed pipe; 501. Connecting pipe; 502. Drive motor; 503. Crushing blade; 6. Hydraulic rod; 601. Extrusion plate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] Please see Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the embodiments provided by this utility model are as follows: Example

[0024] A biogas utilization device for a municipal solid waste incineration power plant includes a mounting base 1, a separation tank 2, an anaerobic digester 3, and an incinerator 4. The top surface of the mounting base 1 is fixed with the mounting base 1, the separation tank 2, the anaerobic fermentation box 3 and the incinerator 4. The side end face of the separation tank 2 is provided with a feed pipe 5. The front end face of the feed pipe 5 is equipped with a drive motor 502. The output shaft of the drive motor 502 is equipped with a crushing blade 503. The crushing blade 503 is set inside the feed pipe 5. The inner wall of the separation tank 2 is fixedly installed with a fixing plate 203. Several through holes are evenly opened on the fixing plate 203. The top surface of the separation tank 2 is equipped with a hydraulic rod 6. The bottom end of the feed pipe 5 is connected to a connecting pipe 501. The end of the connecting pipe 501 facing away from the feed pipe 5 is installed in the separation tank 2. The feed pipe 5 and the separation tank 2 are connected through the connecting pipe 501, so that the domestic waste crushed by the crushing blade 503 in the feed pipe 5 can be transported into the separation tank 2. A pressing plate 601 is mounted on the output shaft of the hydraulic rod 6. The pressing plate 601 is located inside the separation tank 2. The hydraulic rod 6 drives the pressing plate 601 to move up and down within the separation tank 2. When the pulverized municipal solid waste falls onto the fixed plate 203, the pressing plate 601 presses the waste downwards. The hydraulic rod 6 provides the pressing force, effectively squeezing out the leachate adhering to the inside and surface of the municipal solid waste. Combined with the through holes on the fixed plate 203, the squeezed-out leachate quickly falls to the bottom of the separation tank 2. Compared to relying solely on the gravity of the waste for leachate drainage, this structure improves the separation efficiency of the leachate, reduces the residual liquid content in the waste, and effectively avoids problems such as incomplete combustion, furnace coking, and increased flue gas pollutant concentration caused by excessive liquid during subsequent incineration, thus improving the quality and efficiency of incineration treatment. A drain pipe 201 is connected to the side end of the separator 2. The end of the drain pipe 201 facing away from the separator 2 is installed inside the anaerobic digester 3. The drain pipe 201 forms a waste liquid transport channel between the separator 2 and the anaerobic digester 3, allowing the leachate collected in the separator 2 to be directionally transported to the anaerobic digester 3. This leachate is rich in organic matter and is a high-quality raw material for biogas production through anaerobic fermentation. Transporting it to the anaerobic digester 3 for resource utilization not only avoids environmental pollution caused by direct discharge of waste liquid but also provides a sufficient material basis for biogas production, improving the equipment's comprehensive utilization efficiency of different components in domestic waste. The rear end of the separation tank 2 is connected to a waste discharge pipe 202. The end of the waste discharge pipe 202 away from the separation tank 2 is installed in the incinerator 4. The waste discharge pipe 202 provides a convenient transportation path for the dry domestic waste in the separation tank 2 after leachate separation treatment, and can transport the pre-treated waste to the incinerator 4 for incineration. An exhaust pipe 301 is installed on the top surface of the anaerobic digester 3. The end of the exhaust pipe 301 facing away from the anaerobic digester 3 is connected to the incinerator 4. A valve is installed on the exhaust pipe 301. The exhaust pipe 301 enables the biogas transport between the anaerobic digester 3 and the incinerator 4. The biogas produced by the anaerobic fermentation of leachate from domestic waste in the anaerobic digester 3 can be directionally transported to the incinerator 4 through the exhaust pipe 301 as auxiliary fuel to supplement the energy required for combustion in the incinerator 4 for power generation. This reduces the incinerator 4's dependence on fossil fuels (such as natural gas and coal), reduces energy consumption costs and carbon emissions, and conforms to the development concept of energy conservation and environmental protection. At the same time, the valve installed on the exhaust pipe 301 can control the amount and timing of biogas transport. When the incinerator 4 needs to supplement heat or adjust the combustion state, the biogas input can be controlled by adjusting the valve opening. Furthermore, the drive motor 502 and hydraulic rod 6 of the biogas utilization equipment can both be powered and controlled by an external power supply and an external control panel. The power supply and control principles and circuit connection methods of the external power supply and external control panel are common functional module designs, which are common knowledge in the fields of electrical automation control and mechanical equipment. The relevant technologies are widely used and the principles are clear, so there is no need to elaborate further.

[0025] Working principle: Municipal solid waste crushing and conveying process: The domestic waste to be treated (including plastic bags and leachate contained inside) enters the equipment through the feed pipe 5. The drive motor 502 installed at the front end of the feed pipe 5 is started, and its output shaft drives the crushing blades 503 set inside the feed pipe 5 to rotate at high speed, crushing the plastic bags and blocky waste in the domestic waste into small particles, creating conditions for subsequent leachate separation. The crushed domestic waste is directionally transported into the separation tank 2 through the connecting pipe 501 connected to the bottom end of the feed pipe 5, completing the waste transfer in the pre-treatment stage. Solid-liquid separation process for municipal solid waste: The crushed waste delivered to the separation tank 2 falls naturally onto the fixed plate 203 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the separation tank 2 (the fixed plate 203 is evenly provided with several through holes to provide a channel for the leachate to fall). At this time, the hydraulic rod 6 installed on the top surface of the separation tank 2 is activated to prepare for the crushing operation. The output shaft of the hydraulic rod 6 drives the extrusion plate 601 (located inside the separation tank 2) connected to its lower end to move downward, applying continuous extrusion pressure to the pulverized waste on the fixed plate 203. Under the extrusion pressure, the leachate adhering to the inside and surface of the waste is fully squeezed out and falls rapidly to the bottom of the separation tank 2 through the through holes on the fixed plate 203, realizing the solid-liquid separation of domestic waste (the solid is dry waste, and the liquid is leachate). Separate utilization processes for the separated substances: The dry domestic waste remaining on the fixed plate 203 after solid-liquid separation is transported to the incinerator 4, which is also installed on the mounting base 1, through the waste discharge pipe 202 connected to the rear end of the separation tank 2. The incinerator 4 incinerates the waste, and the heat generated is used for power generation in the power plant. The leachate that falls to the bottom of the separator 2 is directed to the anaerobic digester 3 on the mounting base 1 through the drain pipe 201 connected to the side end of the separator 2. In the anaerobic environment of the anaerobic digester 3, the organic matter in the leachate is decomposed and metabolized by microorganisms to produce biogas, thus completing the resource transformation of the wastewater. The biogas produced in the anaerobic digester 3 is transported to the incinerator 4, which is used for power generation, through the exhaust pipe 301 installed on its top surface. The operator can control the amount and timing of biogas delivery by adjusting the valve on the exhaust pipe 301, so that the biogas can be used as auxiliary fuel to supplement the combustion needs of the incinerator 4.

[0026] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this utility model is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of this utility model. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and thus all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this utility model. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0027] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A biogas utilization device for a municipal solid waste incineration power plant, comprising a mounting base (1), a separation tank (2), an anaerobic fermentation chamber (3), and an incinerator (4), characterized in that: The top surface of the mounting base (1) is fixed with the mounting base (1), the separation tank (2), the anaerobic fermentation box (3) and the incinerator (4). The side end face of the separation tank (2) is provided with a feed pipe (5). The front end face of the feed pipe (5) is equipped with a drive motor (502). The output shaft of the drive motor (502) is equipped with a crushing blade (503). The crushing blade (503) is set inside the feed pipe (5). The inner wall of the separation tank (2) is fixedly installed with a fixing plate (203). Several through holes are evenly opened on the fixing plate (203). The top surface of the separation tank (2) is equipped with a hydraulic rod (6).

2. The biogas utilization equipment for a municipal solid waste incineration power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the feed pipe (5) is connected to a connecting pipe (501), and the end of the connecting pipe (501) facing away from the feed pipe (5) is installed in the separator (2).

3. The biogas utilization equipment for a municipal solid waste incineration power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic rod (6) has an extrusion plate (601) on its output shaft, and the extrusion plate (601) is located inside the separator (2).

4. The biogas utilization equipment for a municipal solid waste incineration power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side end of the separation tank (2) is connected to a drain pipe (201), and the end of the drain pipe (201) away from the separation tank (2) is installed in the anaerobic fermentation box (3).

5. The biogas utilization equipment for a municipal solid waste incineration power plant according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rear end of the separation tank (2) is connected to a waste discharge pipe (202), and the end of the waste discharge pipe (202) away from the separation tank (2) is installed in the incinerator (4).

6. The biogas utilization equipment for a municipal solid waste incineration power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust pipe (301) is installed on the top surface of the anaerobic fermentation box (3). The end of the exhaust pipe (301) away from the anaerobic fermentation box (3) is connected to the incinerator (4). A valve is installed on the exhaust pipe (301).

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