Heat supply system based on multi-source waste heat recovery

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of heating system based on multi-source waste heat recovery, to solve the low energy utilization rate of existing heating system and the problem of not meeting efficient, environmentally friendly heating demand. The heating system of the utility model includes: control module, gas power module, multi-source waste heat module, waste heat recovery module, energy storage module and energy distribution module;Gas power module is connected with waste heat recovery module, multi-source waste heat module is connected with waste heat recovery module, the steam / hot water outlet of waste heat recovery module is connected with energy distribution module, energy distribution module is connected with industrial user pipeline and resident user pipeline respectively, energy storage module is connected with energy distribution module. Realize the deep coupling of gas power and waste heat recovery in heating system, so that system can utilize the stable output of gas, at the same time, multi-source waste heat can also absorb dispersed energy, combined with control module centralized control, reduce energy supply interruption risk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of heating systems, and in particular relates to a heating system based on multi-source waste heat recovery. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional gas-fired heating systems suffer from problems such as low energy efficiency, high carbon emission intensity, and heavy dependence on a single energy source.

[0003] Existing heating systems often rely solely on natural gas as their primary energy source, failing to fully recover and utilize industrial waste heat, urban waste heat, and renewable energy sources such as solar power, resulting in significant energy waste. Furthermore, traditional systems lack effective energy distribution and storage mechanisms, making it difficult to flexibly adjust to user load and energy supply conditions, leading to high operating costs and an inability to meet the demands for efficient and environmentally friendly heating. Utility Model Content

[0004] (I) Purpose of the utility model

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heating system based on multi-source waste heat recovery, which aims to solve the problems of low energy utilization and inability to meet the demand for efficient and environmentally friendly heating in existing heating systems.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To address the aforementioned issues, this utility model provides a heating system based on multi-source waste heat recovery, comprising a control module, a gas power module, a multi-source waste heat module, a waste heat recovery module, an energy storage module, and an energy distribution module.

[0008] The control module is connected to the gas power module, the multi-source waste heat module, the waste heat recovery module, the energy storage module, and the energy distribution module respectively, and is used to control the operation of each module;

[0009] The gas-fired power module is connected to the waste heat recovery module, the multi-source waste heat module is connected to the waste heat recovery module, the steam / hot water outlet of the waste heat recovery module is connected to the energy distribution module, the energy distribution module is connected to industrial user pipelines and residential user pipelines respectively, and the energy storage module is connected to the energy distribution module.

[0010] Preferably, the waste heat recovery module includes a waste heat boiler unit and an auxiliary heat exchange unit. The flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler unit is connected to the high-temperature flue gas output end of the gas power module and the multi-source waste heat module, respectively. The auxiliary heat exchange unit is connected to the gas power module and the multi-source waste heat module, respectively. The waste heat boiler unit and the auxiliary heat exchange unit are connected to the energy distribution module, respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the waste heat boiler unit includes a high-pressure superheater, a medium-pressure reheater, and a low-pressure superheater. The high-pressure superheater is connected to the low-pressure superheater through the medium-pressure reheater. The high-pressure superheater is connected to the high-temperature flue gas output terminal of the gas power module and the multi-source waste heat module. The low-pressure superheater is connected to the energy distribution module.

[0012] Preferably, the waste heat boiler unit further includes an economizer, a denitrifier, and an exhaust chimney. The economizer is connected to the feedwater pipe of the waste heat boiler unit, the flue gas inlet of the economizer is connected to the flue gas outlet of the low-pressure superheater, the flue gas outlet of the economizer is connected to the flue gas inlet of the denitrifier, and the flue gas outlet of the denitrifier is connected to the exhaust chimney.

[0013] Preferably, the auxiliary heat exchange unit includes an air preheater, which is located at the air inlet of the gas power module and is connected to the gas power module.

[0014] Preferably, the gas power module includes a gas pressure regulating station, a combustion chamber, a gas turbine, and a generator;

[0015] The gas pressure regulating station is connected to the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber is connected to the gas turbine, the gas turbine is connected to the generator, the power output terminal of the generator is connected to the energy distribution module, and the exhaust port of the gas turbine is connected to the waste heat boiler unit.

[0016] Preferably, the gas power module further includes a lubrication unit, the auxiliary heat exchange unit further includes a plate heat exchanger, the lubrication unit is connected to the plate heat exchanger, the lubrication unit is connected to the gas turbine, and the plate heat exchanger is connected to the multi-source waste heat module.

[0017] Preferably, the multi-source waste heat module includes an industrial waste heat unit, a renewable energy unit, and an urban waste heat unit, all of which are connected to the waste heat recovery module.

[0018] The industrial waste heat unit includes a high-temperature flue gas heat exchange subunit and a steam-water heat exchange subunit. The high-temperature flue gas heat exchange subunit transports industrial high-temperature waste gas to the waste heat boiler unit for heat exchange, and the steam-water heat exchange subunit transports high-temperature cooling water from the industrial cooling pipe to the auxiliary heat exchange unit for heat exchange.

[0019] The renewable energy unit includes a solar thermal collector subunit and a biomass boiler subunit, which are respectively connected to the auxiliary heat exchange unit.

[0020] The urban waste heat unit includes an urban pipe network and a heat pump subunit. The urban pipe network is connected to the heat pump subunit, and the heat pump subunit is internally connected to the auxiliary heat exchange unit.

[0021] Preferably, the energy distribution module includes a steam unit, a hot water unit, and an energy storage interface unit;

[0022] The inlet of the steam unit is connected to the steam outlet of the waste heat recovery module, the first outlet of the steam unit is connected to the industrial user pipeline, and the second outlet of the steam unit is connected to the residential user pipeline.

[0023] The hot water unit is connected to the hot water outlet of the waste heat recovery module, and the hot water unit exchanges heat with the residential user's pipeline;

[0024] The energy storage interface unit is connected to the waste heat recovery module, and the energy storage interface unit is connected to the energy storage module.

[0025] Preferably, the energy storage module includes a thermal storage unit and an electric storage unit, and the energy storage interface unit includes a thermal storage interface and a grid interface. The thermal storage unit is connected to the thermal storage interface, and the electric storage unit is connected to the grid interface.

[0026] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0027] The above-mentioned technical solution of this utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0028] 1. By setting up a gas power module and a multi-source waste heat module, the deep coupling of gas power and waste heat recovery in the heating system is achieved, so that the system can utilize the stable output of gas, while the multi-source waste heat can absorb decentralized energy. Combined with centralized control by the control module, the risk of energy supply interruption is reduced.

[0029] 2. The global control module enables seamless connection between modules. The high-temperature flue gas from the gas power module is directly connected to the waste heat recovery. Multiple sources of waste heat supplement the energy gap. The energy storage module absorbs surplus energy, avoiding energy waste or shortage, making energy utilization more rational and improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0030] 3. The energy distribution module is designed with both steam and hot water modes, which can meet the high-pressure steam demand of industrial users and supply hot water through the civil pipeline network. The energy storage module can smooth out the peak and valley heat demand in the morning and evening, so that the system can be adapted to both industrial parks and urban centralized heating scenarios, covering the full range of industrial steam and civil heating needs. Through the differentiated supply of the energy distribution module, there is no need to build separate systems for different users, reducing redundant investment and improving the comprehensive utilization value of energy facilities. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a heating system based on multi-source waste heat recovery provided by this utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the waste heat boiler unit of the waste heat recovery module according to one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary heat exchange unit of the waste heat recovery module according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gas power module according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-source waste heat module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the energy distribution module according to one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of this utility model.

[0038] The accompanying drawings show schematic diagrams of layer structures according to embodiments of the present invention. These drawings are not to scale, and some details have been enlarged for clarity, and some details may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0039] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0040] Combination Figures 1 to 6This utility model provides a heating system based on multi-source waste heat recovery, including a control module, a gas power module, a multi-source waste heat module, a waste heat recovery module, an energy storage module, and an energy distribution module. The control module is connected to the gas power module, the multi-source waste heat module, the waste heat recovery module, the energy storage module, and the energy distribution module respectively, and is used to control the operation of each module. The gas power module is connected to the waste heat recovery module, the multi-source waste heat module is connected to the waste heat recovery module, the steam / hot water outlet of the waste heat recovery module is connected to the energy distribution module, the energy distribution module is connected to the industrial user pipeline and the residential user pipeline respectively, and the energy storage module is connected to the energy distribution module.

[0041] It should be noted that the specific composition of each module is not limited here; it can be adapted to the actual needs of the system. Specifically, the control module receives real-time operating parameters from each module, such as temperature, pressure, and flow rate, through connections with other modules, and issues control commands, such as adjusting heat source output, switching energy types, controlling energy storage charging and discharging, and coordinating the collaborative operation of each module. The gas power module drives a gas turbine through gas combustion, which on the one hand drives a generator to produce electricity, and on the other hand outputs high-temperature flue gas of 550-600℃, which enters the waste heat recovery module, simultaneously generating 70-90℃ bearing / lubricating oil cooling waste heat, realizing the dual function of power generation and waste heat output. The multi-source waste heat module recovers industrial waste heat, such as 300-400℃ exhaust gas from steel plants and 120℃ cooling water from chemical plants, recovers and utilizes renewable energy sources, such as solar energy and biomass energy, and recovers urban waste heat, such as heat from data center exhaust and sewage heat pumps, which are distributed through appropriate heat exchangers or heat pumps. Waste heat is centrally converted into usable thermal energy and connected to the waste heat recovery module. The waste heat recovery module performs cascade treatment on the high-temperature flue gas from the gas power module and various types of waste heat from the multi-source waste heat module. High-temperature waste heat (above 500℃) is converted into steam, and medium- and low-temperature waste heat (100-300℃, <100℃) is converted into hot water or its temperature is increased by a heat pump. The steam / hot water is then output to the energy distribution module. The energy distribution module distributes the steam (high-pressure and low-pressure) output from the waste heat recovery module to industrial and residential user pipelines, and transfers hot water to residential users through heat exchange. It also achieves energy storage and release through connection with the energy storage module. The energy storage module stores surplus energy from the energy distribution module, such as off-peak electricity and surplus thermal energy, through thermal storage (e.g., molten salt, hot water) and electrical storage (e.g., flywheel) devices. This surplus energy is released during peak demand periods to balance supply and demand fluctuations.

[0042] By incorporating gas-fired power modules and multi-source waste heat modules, deep coupling of gas-fired power and waste heat recovery is achieved in the heating system. This allows the system to utilize the stable output of gas while simultaneously absorbing dispersed energy sources through multi-source waste heat. Combined with centralized control by the control module, the risk of energy supply interruptions is reduced. The global regulation of the control module ensures seamless integration of all modules. High-temperature flue gas from the gas-fired power module is directly connected to waste heat recovery, multi-source waste heat supplements energy gaps, and the energy storage module absorbs surplus energy, avoiding energy waste or shortages and making energy utilization more rational and efficient. The energy distribution module, designed with both steam and hot water options, can meet the high-pressure steam needs of industrial users while also supplying hot water through the residential network. The energy storage module can smooth out peak and off-peak heating demand, making the system suitable for both industrial parks and urban centralized heating scenarios, covering the full range of industrial steam and residential heating needs. Through the differentiated supply of the energy distribution module, there is no need to build separate systems for different users, reducing redundant investment and enhancing the comprehensive utilization value of energy facilities.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the waste heat recovery module includes a waste heat boiler unit and an auxiliary heat exchange unit. The flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler unit is connected to the high-temperature flue gas output end of the gas power module and the multi-source waste heat module, respectively. The auxiliary heat exchange unit is connected to the gas power module and the multi-source waste heat module, respectively. The waste heat boiler unit and the auxiliary heat exchange unit are connected to the energy distribution module, respectively.

[0044] Specifically, the waste heat boiler unit targets high-temperature flue gas, such as the 550-600℃ exhaust gas from gas turbines and the 300-400℃ waste gas from industrial waste heat units, converting heat energy into high-pressure, medium-pressure, and low-pressure steam through heating surfaces; the auxiliary heat exchange unit processes medium- and low-temperature waste heat, such as the 70-90℃ cooling waste heat from gas power modules, the heat from solar collector fields, and the heat from urban waste heat units boosted by heat pumps, transferring the heat to the hot water system or combustion air through equipment such as plate heat exchangers and air preheaters, realizing the direct utilization of medium- and low-temperature waste heat.

[0045] With this setup, the waste heat boiler unit targets high-temperature flue gas above 500℃, such as gas turbine exhaust and industrial high-temperature waste gas, while the auxiliary heat exchange unit targets medium-low temperature waste heat (100-300℃), such as lubricating oil and solar energy. This achieves dual-path heat recovery, avoiding efficiency losses caused by mixing waste heat at different temperatures and improving the overall waste heat recovery rate. The two units operate independently yet collaboratively. For example, when industrial waste heat surges, the auxiliary heat exchange unit can operate at full load, reducing gas consumption. When the gas turbine is under high load, the waste heat boiler unit primarily produces steam, adapting to different energy fluctuations without requiring overall system load adjustments, thus improving the operational flexibility of the heating system. Simultaneously producing steam and hot water eliminates the need for additional desuperheaters or other equipment for steam-to-hot water conversion, simplifying the system structure and reducing enthalpy loss during steam depressurization and cooling, avoiding energy losses in the conversion process.

[0046] It should be noted that the specific structure of the waste heat boiler unit is not limited here. In a preferred embodiment, the waste heat boiler unit includes a high-pressure superheater, a medium-pressure reheater, and a low-pressure superheater. The high-pressure superheater is connected to the low-pressure superheater through the medium-pressure reheater. The high-pressure superheater is connected to the high-temperature flue gas output terminals of the gas power module and the multi-source waste heat module. The low-pressure superheater is connected to the energy distribution module.

[0047] Specifically, the high-pressure superheater receives high-temperature flue gas above 500℃ and heats the boiler feedwater to 12.5MPa / 540℃ high-pressure steam, mainly meeting the high-parameter steam requirements of industrial users such as chemical and steel industries; the medium-pressure reheater reheats the steam after the high-pressure steam has done some work to 3.5MPa / 350℃, increasing the steam enthalpy, reducing cold source loss, and improving steam cycle efficiency; the low-pressure superheater uses the waste heat of flue gas to generate 0.8MPa / 200℃ low-pressure steam, which is suitable for the steam-water heat exchange requirements of residential user heat exchange stations, eliminating the need for high-pressure equipment and reducing the cost of civil systems.

[0048] This setup allows high-pressure steam to be directly supplied to industrial users, while low-pressure steam is supplied to civil heat exchange stations. This avoids the energy waste associated with heating civil hot water with high-pressure steam, achieves precise matching of steam parameters to users, meets differentiated needs, and allows for the use of ordinary pipelines in civil applications, saving costs compared to using high-pressure pipelines throughout. Flue gas flows through each piece of equipment in stages: 550-600℃ → 350-400℃ → 200-300℃. Heat is absorbed at each stage; for example, the medium-pressure reheater increases the steam enthalpy, resulting in a lower flue gas outlet temperature and higher waste heat utilization compared to a single-pressure boiler. The medium-pressure reheater reheats the steam, reducing steam humidity and preventing turbine blade erosion; the low-pressure superheater adapts to lower parameter requirements, reducing the risk of corrosion to civil pipelines due to high temperature and pressure, and extending equipment life.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the waste heat boiler unit further includes an economizer, a denitrifier, and an exhaust chimney. The economizer is connected to the feedwater pipe of the waste heat boiler unit, the flue gas inlet of the economizer is connected to the flue gas outlet of the low-pressure superheater, the flue gas outlet of the economizer is connected to the flue gas inlet of the denitrifier, and the flue gas outlet of the denitrifier is connected to the exhaust chimney.

[0050] Specifically, the economizer is located downstream of the low-pressure superheater, using low-temperature flue gas (around 120-200℃) to preheat the boiler feedwater, reducing the exhaust gas temperature from 200℃ to 120℃ and recovering low-pressure waste heat from the flue gas. The SCR (Self-Denitrification and Reduction) unit injects ammonia after the economizer, using a catalyst to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the flue gas to nitrogen (N2) and water, controlling the ammonia (NH3) escape rate to <3ppm, thus reducing pollutant emissions. The exhaust stack then discharges the denitrified and cooled flue gas (temperature <120℃, NOx <30mg / m³). 3 It is emitted into the atmosphere in accordance with environmental emission standards.

[0051] This setup achieves deep energy conservation and consumption reduction: the economizer recovers waste heat from low-temperature flue gas to preheat boiler feedwater, reducing boiler heating fuel consumption and saving energy. The denitrification unit efficiently reduces NOx in flue gas at 120-200℃, meeting environmental standards (NOx < 30 mg / m³) in conjunction with chimney emissions. 3 This system ensures emissions are controlled and protects the environment. The economizer lowers the flue gas temperature, reducing sintering damage to the catalyst in the denitrifier; the purified flue gas is discharged directly through the chimney, avoiding pollutant deposition in the pipeline and reducing the frequency of system cleaning and maintenance.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the auxiliary heat exchange unit includes an air preheater located at the air inlet of the gas power module and connected to the gas power module.

[0053] Specifically, the air outlet of the air preheater is directly connected to the air inlet of the combustion chamber of the gas power module, forming waste heat to preheat the air and enhance combustion. By utilizing medium and low temperature waste heat, such as flue gas waste heat and industrial waste heat, the air entering the combustion chamber is preheated to 200°C, reducing the heating energy required for gas combustion.

[0054] This setup increases the combustion chamber temperature by preheating the air, accelerating the mixing of fuel gas and oxygen, resulting in more vigorous molecular motion, more complete combustion, reduced carbon monoxide emissions, and improved gas turbine power generation efficiency. It also reduces NOx formation. Preheating the air lowers the heat required for fuel gas ignition, eliminating the need to heat the gas from ambient temperature to its ignition point. This reduces fuel gas consumption for the same power output, making it particularly suitable for scenarios with high fuel gas prices. The air preheater stabilizes the intake air temperature, unaffected by ambient temperature fluctuations, preventing flame instability caused by cold air impacts, such as combustion fluctuations caused by sudden drops in winter temperatures. This also reduces gas turbine vibration and extends the lifespan of components such as bearings.

[0055] It should be noted that the structural form of the gas power module is not limited here, as long as it meets the operational requirements of the heating system. In a preferred embodiment, the gas power module includes a gas pressure regulating station, a combustion chamber, a gas turbine, and a generator; the gas pressure regulating station is connected to the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber is connected to the gas turbine, the gas turbine is connected to the generator, the generator's power output terminal is connected to the energy distribution module, and the gas turbine's exhaust port is connected to the waste heat boiler unit.

[0056] Specifically, the gas pressure regulating station stabilizes the external gas pressure at the working pressure required by the combustion chamber, such as 0.8-1.2 MPa, to avoid unstable combustion caused by pressure fluctuations. The combustion chamber is equipped with a low-NOx burner, which mixes the pressure-regulated gas with preheated air and burns it at 1400℃ and 1.5 MPa to produce high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The gas turbine converts thermal energy into mechanical energy through the expansion of the gas, which drives the generator to operate. The exhaust temperature is maintained at 550-600℃ and connected to the waste heat boiler unit. The generator converts the mechanical energy of the gas turbine into electrical energy and connects it to the external power grid through the 110kV grid interface.

[0057] This setup enables power generation and waste heat output through a gas-powered module, eliminating the need for high-temperature gas transmission losses and heat dissipation measures, thus improving the overall energy utilization rate. The gas pressure regulating station stabilizes the pressure, ensuring stable combustion. The mechanical linkage between the gas turbine and generator, such as using a coupling drive, ensures synchronized speeds, reduces voltage / frequency fluctuations in power output, and meets the high power quality requirements of industrial users. The generator power can be connected to the 110kV power grid, and the high-temperature flue gas supplies heat to the waste heat recovery module, forming a dual-revenue model of electricity and heat, thereby improving the project's economic efficiency.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, the gas power module further includes a lubrication unit, the auxiliary heat exchange unit further includes a plate heat exchanger, the lubrication unit is connected to the plate heat exchanger, the lubrication unit is connected to the gas turbine, and the plate heat exchanger is connected to the multi-source waste heat module.

[0059] Specifically, the hot oil in the lubrication unit passes through a plate heat exchanger, where it exchanges heat with the lubricating oil. After cooling, the lubricating oil flows back to the lubrication unit. Similarly, the return water from the heating supply passes through a plate heat exchanger, where it exchanges heat with the return water, which then enters the hot water system after being heated. The lubrication unit provides lubricating oil to the gas turbine bearings and simultaneously controls the bearing temperature at 70-90℃ through a cooling system to prevent overheating damage. The lubricating oil absorbs heat and its temperature rises to 70-90℃. The plate heat exchanger, an auxiliary heat exchange unit, transfers the residual heat (70-90℃) from the lubrication unit to the return water through metal plates, raising the return water temperature by 10-20℃ and reducing subsequent heating energy consumption.

[0060] With this setup, heat is transferred to the supply and return water via a plate heat exchanger, achieving bearing cooling and waste heat recovery for return water heating, reducing energy waste; the preheated supply and return water reduces energy consumption for subsequent heating, indirectly reducing the load on the gas turbine or electric heating, which is especially suitable for the heating season and improves energy utilization.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the multi-source waste heat module includes an industrial waste heat unit, a renewable energy unit, and a municipal waste heat unit, all of which are connected to the waste heat recovery module. The industrial waste heat unit includes a high-temperature flue gas heat exchange subunit and a steam-water heat exchange subunit. The high-temperature flue gas heat exchange subunit transports high-temperature industrial waste gas to the waste heat boiler unit for heat exchange, while the steam-water heat exchange subunit transports high-temperature cooling water from the industrial cooling pipes to the auxiliary heat exchange unit for heat exchange. The renewable energy unit includes a solar collector subunit and a biomass boiler subunit, both of which are connected to the auxiliary heat exchange unit. The municipal waste heat unit includes a municipal pipe network and a heat pump subunit. The municipal pipe network is connected to the heat pump subunit, which is internally connected to the auxiliary heat exchange unit.

[0062] Specifically, in the industrial waste heat unit, the high-temperature flue gas heat exchange subunit recovers heat from 300-400℃ sintered ore waste gas from steel plants via finned heat exchangers, converting it into medium-temperature heat energy which is then fed into the waste heat boiler unit; the steam-water heat exchange subunit recovers 120℃ reactor cooling water from chemical plants via shell-and-tube heat exchangers, directly heating the return water for heating. In the renewable energy unit, the solar collector subunit uses parabolic concentrators to focus sunlight to heat thermal oil, achieving a peak thermal power of 20MW, and then connects the heat to the auxiliary heat exchange unit via a thermal oil-water heat exchanger; the biomass boiler subunit burns straw / wood chips to heat steam, which serves as a backup heat source, outputting heat to the auxiliary heat exchange unit when other waste heat sources are insufficient. In the urban waste heat unit, the urban pipe network collects exhaust air from data centers, such as the airflow emitted after cooling data center IT equipment (servers / switches, etc.), and raises the temperature to 50-60℃ via a heat pump subunit before connecting it to the auxiliary heat exchange unit.

[0063] During system operation, the high-temperature flue gas heat exchange subunit of the industrial waste heat unit is connected to the waste heat boiler unit via pipelines, merging with the gas turbine flue gas; the steam-water heat exchange subunit is connected to the auxiliary heat exchange unit via pipelines. The solar thermal field of the renewable energy unit is connected to the auxiliary heat exchange unit via a thermal oil-water heat exchanger, and the biomass boiler is connected to the waste heat boiler unit via flue gas pipelines. The heat pump subunit of the urban waste heat unit is connected to the auxiliary heat exchange unit via a condenser. It should be noted that urban waste heat here also includes sewage pipe networks, which are discharged through the heat pump while simultaneously recovering heat. In this case, the auxiliary heat exchange unit can be expanded to include a low-temperature hot water heat exchanger or a heat pump condenser, etc.

[0064] Through this setup, industrial waste heat units recover waste gas from steel mills and cooling water from chemical plants, while urban waste heat units use heat pumps to raise data center exhaust to heating temperatures, converting waste heat that would otherwise be directly discharged into energy, improving energy efficiency and reducing thermal pollution. Solar collectors and biomass boilers replace some of the natural gas, reducing the system's dependence on fossil fuels and further minimizing environmental pollution. Industrial waste heat, solar energy, biomass, and urban waste heat complement each other; for example, when solar energy is insufficient on cloudy or rainy days, industrial waste heat and biomass can supplement it, ensuring stable heating.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, the energy distribution module includes a steam unit, a hot water unit, and an energy storage interface unit; the inlet of the steam unit is connected to the steam outlet of the waste heat recovery module, the first outlet of the steam unit is connected to the industrial user's pipeline, and the second outlet of the steam unit is connected to the residential user's pipeline; the hot water unit is connected to the hot water outlet of the waste heat recovery module, and the hot water unit exchanges heat with the residential user's pipeline; the energy storage interface unit is connected to the waste heat recovery module, and the energy storage interface unit is connected to the energy storage module.

[0066] Specifically, the steam unit receives high-pressure / low-pressure steam from the waste heat recovery module via a steam distribution cylinder. The first outlet connects directly to the industrial user's pipeline to meet production steam needs, while the second outlet connects to the residential user's pipeline, generating hot water or heating via a heat exchange station. The hot water unit receives hot water from the waste heat recovery module and exchanges heat with the circulating water in the residential user's pipeline through the heat exchange station. For example, if the supply water is 130℃ and the return water is 70℃, it provides residential heating. The energy storage interface unit connects to the waste heat recovery module, receiving surplus heat energy and accessing the energy storage module. When waste heat is sufficient, energy is transferred to the energy storage module; when insufficient, energy is drawn from the energy storage module.

[0067] With this setup, the steam unit, through a steam distribution cylinder and a desuperheater / pressure reducer, ensures high-pressure steam for industrial users to meet production processes, while providing low-pressure steam for residential users. The hot water unit provides hot water through a heat exchange station, adapting to residential heating parameters. Steam / hot water is directly supplied to users via dedicated pipelines, reducing intermediate conversion steps, such as eliminating the need for secondary pressurization. The bidirectional pipelines of the energy storage interface unit allow for rapid storage of surplus heat energy, reducing heat loss in the pipeline network and improving energy transmission efficiency. The energy storage interface unit stores heat during off-peak hours at night and releases heat during peak hours during the day, avoiding excessive expansion of gas turbines to meet peak demand, reducing equipment investment, lowering peak-period energy procurement costs, and achieving peak-valley load balancing.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment, the energy storage module includes a thermal storage unit and an electric storage unit, and the energy storage interface unit includes a thermal storage interface and a grid interface. The thermal storage unit is connected to the thermal storage interface, and the electric storage unit is connected to the grid interface.

[0069] Specifically, the thermal storage unit includes a molten salt tank (500℃ / 280℃, phase change thermal storage) and a hot water tank (110℃ / 50℃, sensible thermal storage). It receives surplus thermal energy from the energy storage interface unit through a thermal storage interface, such as heat generated by electric heating and surplus hot water from waste heat recovery, and releases it during peak demand periods. The electrical storage unit includes a flywheel energy storage device (peak power 2MW, storage time 0.5h), connected to the power system of the energy distribution module through a grid interface. It rapidly releases electrical energy during grid fluctuations to stabilize power supply. The thermal storage interface enables thermal energy input / output, while the grid interface enables electrical energy storage / release, ensuring coordination between the energy storage module and the energy distribution module. The flywheel energy storage device specifically consists of a composite material flywheel rotor that rotates at high speed to store kinetic energy. A converter connects the grid and electric heating devices to achieve AC / DC conversion.

[0070] This configuration allows for rapid response from sensible thermal storage (hot water tanks), adapting to short-term peak heating demands in residential applications; and high thermal density from phase change thermal storage (molten salt), suitable for long-term energy storage during continuous rainy weather, covering different durations of demand and achieving diverse adaptability of energy storage methods. Flywheel energy storage can smooth out grid fluctuations, such as sudden changes in generator output, ensuring power supply to critical equipment like pumps and fans, preventing heating interruptions due to power outages, and improving system reliability. Thermal storage units store heat during off-peak hours to replace gas during peak periods, while energy storage units reduce cost fluctuations caused by peak-valley electricity price differences, lowering the operating costs of the heating system.

[0071] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of this utility model and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be included within its protection scope. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications falling within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A heat supply system based on multi-source waste heat recovery, characterized in that, The heating system includes a control module, a gas power module, a multi-source waste heat module, a waste heat recovery module, an energy distribution module, and an energy storage module; The control module is connected to the gas power module, the multi-source waste heat module, the waste heat recovery module, the energy distribution module, and the energy storage module respectively, and is used to control the operation of each module; The gas-fired power module is connected to the waste heat recovery module, the multi-source waste heat module is connected to the waste heat recovery module, the steam / hot water outlet of the waste heat recovery module is connected to the energy distribution module, the energy distribution module is connected to industrial user pipelines and residential user pipelines respectively, and the energy storage module is connected to the energy distribution module.

2. The heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that The waste heat recovery module includes a waste heat boiler unit and an auxiliary heat exchange unit. The flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler unit is connected to the high-temperature flue gas output end of the gas power module and the multi-source waste heat module, respectively. The auxiliary heat exchange unit is connected to the gas power module and the multi-source waste heat module, respectively. The waste heat boiler unit and the auxiliary heat exchange unit are connected to the energy distribution module, respectively.

3. The heating system according to claim 2, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that The waste heat boiler unit includes a high-pressure superheater, a medium-pressure reheater, and a low-pressure superheater. The high-pressure superheater is connected to the low-pressure superheater through the medium-pressure reheater. The high-pressure superheater is connected to the high-temperature flue gas output terminal of the gas power module and the multi-source waste heat module. The low-pressure superheater is connected to the energy distribution module.

4. The heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that The waste heat boiler unit also includes an economizer, a denitrifier, and an exhaust chimney. The economizer is connected to the feedwater pipe of the waste heat boiler unit. The flue gas inlet of the economizer is connected to the flue gas outlet of the low-pressure superheater. The flue gas outlet of the economizer is connected to the flue gas inlet of the denitrifier. The flue gas outlet of the denitrifier is connected to the exhaust chimney.

5. The heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The auxiliary heat exchange unit includes an air preheater, which is located at the air inlet of the gas power module and is connected to the gas power module.

6. The heating system according to claim 5, characterized in that The gas power module includes a gas pressure regulating station, a combustion chamber, a gas turbine, and a generator; The gas pressure regulating station is connected to the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber is connected to the gas turbine, the gas turbine is connected to the generator, the power output terminal of the generator is connected to the energy distribution module, and the exhaust port of the gas turbine is connected to the waste heat boiler unit.

7. The heating system according to claim 6, characterized in that The gas power module also includes a lubrication unit, and the auxiliary heat exchange unit also includes a plate heat exchanger. The lubrication unit is connected to the plate heat exchanger and the gas turbine. The plate heat exchanger is connected to the multi-source waste heat module.

8. The heating system of claim 2, wherein, The multi-source waste heat module includes an industrial waste heat unit, a renewable energy unit, and an urban waste heat unit, all of which are connected to the waste heat recovery module. The industrial waste heat unit includes a high-temperature flue gas heat exchange subunit and a steam-water heat exchange subunit. The high-temperature flue gas heat exchange subunit transports industrial high-temperature waste gas to the waste heat boiler unit for heat exchange, and the steam-water heat exchange subunit transports high-temperature cooling water from the industrial cooling pipe to the auxiliary heat exchange unit for heat exchange. The renewable energy unit includes a solar thermal collector subunit and a biomass boiler subunit, which are respectively connected to the auxiliary heat exchange unit. The urban waste heat unit includes an urban pipe network and a heat pump subunit. The urban pipe network is connected to the heat pump subunit, and the heat pump subunit is internally connected to the auxiliary heat exchange unit.

9. The heating system of claim 1, wherein, The energy distribution module includes a steam unit, a hot water unit, and an energy storage interface unit; The inlet of the steam unit is connected to the steam outlet of the waste heat recovery module, the first outlet of the steam unit is connected to the industrial user pipeline, and the second outlet of the steam unit is connected to the residential user pipeline. The hot water unit is connected to the hot water outlet of the waste heat recovery module, and the hot water unit exchanges heat with the residential user's pipeline; The energy storage interface unit is connected to the waste heat recovery module, and the energy storage interface unit is connected to the energy storage module.

10. The heating system according to claim 9, characterized in that The energy storage module includes a thermal storage unit and an electric storage unit. The energy storage interface unit includes a thermal storage interface and a grid interface. The thermal storage unit is connected to the thermal storage interface, and the electric storage unit is connected to the grid interface.

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