Flow measuring device for variable cross-section flood discharge tunnel

Abstract

The application discloses a variable cross-section flood discharge tunnel flow measuring device, and belongs to the technical field of water conservancy engineering model tests. The device comprises a water storage pool, a stilling basin and a plurality of experimental pipelines which are arranged in parallel. The inlet end and the outlet end of each experimental pipeline are communicated with the water storage pool and the stilling basin respectively. Each experimental pipeline has different variable cross-section shape parameters. The water storage pool is provided with an opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing the inlet section of each experimental pipeline. The application has the effects of facilitating rapid data measurement of different shape experimental pipelines and improving experimental efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of hydraulic engineering model testing, and in particular to a flow measurement device for a variable cross-section spillway. Background Technology

[0002] In hydraulic engineering structures, spillway tunnels are key water discharge structures in hydraulic structures such as reservoirs and dams. The accurate measurement of their discharge capacity is directly related to the flood control safety and operation scheduling of the project. Variable cross-section spillway tunnels mainly achieve energy conversion and flow control through specific shape design.

[0003] Currently, the main method for model testing of variable cross-section spillways is to construct a flow measurement experimental device that includes a reservoir, experimental pipelines, and a stilling basin. This device is supplied with water by a pump, and relevant measuring instruments are installed on the experimental pipelines to determine key parameters such as flow velocity, pressure, and water level. Variable cross-section spillways typically consist of a contraction section, a transition section, and a gradual change section. This flow measurement experimental device can simulate different types of spillways by replacing experimental pipelines with different morphological parameters.

[0004] When replacing experimental pipes with different morphological parameters, researchers must stop the system, drain the water, disassemble and reinstall the experimental pipes. This operation is cumbersome, time-consuming and labor-intensive, resulting in low experimental efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] To facilitate rapid data measurement of experimental pipelines of different shapes and improve experimental efficiency, this application provides a flow measurement device for a variable cross-section spillway tunnel.

[0006] The variable cross-section spillway flow measurement device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A flow measurement device for a variable cross-section spillway includes a reservoir, a stilling basin, and multiple experimental pipes connected in parallel. The inlet and outlet ends of each experimental pipe are connected to the reservoir and the stilling basin, respectively. Each experimental pipe has different variable cross-section morphological parameters. The reservoir is equipped with an opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing the inlet section of each experimental pipe.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, when it is necessary to simulate the morphology of flood discharge tunnels with different segment ratios in order to obtain comprehensive measurement data, researchers only need to open the inlet end of the target experimental pipe and close the inlet ends of other experimental pipes. There is no need to stop the system operation, drain the water, disassemble and reinstall the experimental pipes. The operation is simple, time-saving and labor-saving, which helps to improve experimental efficiency. In addition, the experimental pipes do not need to be replaced repeatedly during the testing of different experimental pipes, which also makes the experimental pipes less prone to wear, and thus less prone to installation errors or water leakage, which helps to ensure the accuracy of experimental data.

[0008] Optionally, it also includes a circulating water pump and an electromagnetic flow meter, wherein the inlet pipe of the circulating water pump is connected to the stilling basin and the outlet pipe is connected to the water storage tank, and the electromagnetic flow meter is installed in the outlet pipe of the circulating water pump.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution and setting up a circulating water pump and an electromagnetic flow meter, a circulating water system was constructed, realizing the recycling of water resources and helping to save water; at the same time, it can detect the total flow of the system, thereby determining whether the water supply is normal and ensuring the stability of the experiment.

[0010] Optionally, the water storage tank is equipped with a water stabilizing device, which includes a water stabilizing pipe connected to the outlet pipe of the circulating water pump and a water stabilizing filter pad covering the outer circumference of the water stabilizing pipe. The water stabilizing pipe has several water passage holes in its wall.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the water stabilizing pipe and water stabilizing filter pad can effectively dissipate the turbulent energy when water flows in, reduce the water flow velocity, and facilitate more stable detection of water flow parameters. At the same time, the water stabilizing filter pad can help reduce impurities in the water and reduce the impact of impurities on the experiment.

[0012] Optionally, each of the experimental pipes has multiple detection holes at its top along its length, and each detection hole is equipped with a flow meter and a water level gauge. The flow meter is used to measure the flow velocity of the water in the experimental pipe, and the water level gauge is used to measure the water level in the experimental pipe.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, it is possible to achieve multi-point synchronous measurement of flow velocity and water level in the experimental pipeline. This is convenient to operate, helps to reduce single-point measurement errors, and helps to ensure the accuracy of experimental measurement parameters.

[0014] Optionally, the experimental pipeline includes a contraction section, a transition section, a gradual change section, and a stabilization section in sequence from the inlet end to the outlet end. The stabilization section of each experimental pipeline has the same length, and each detection hole is opened in the stabilization section. By adopting the above technical solution, the test variables are separated by stable sections of the same length, which helps to reduce water flow fluctuations caused by flow instability during measurement in the test section, i.e., the stable section, and obtain more reliable and stable measurement data.

[0015] Optionally, the side wall of the water storage tank is provided with an outlet corresponding to each experimental pipe, and each outlet is connected to the inlet end of each experimental pipe; the opening and closing mechanism includes an installation plate installed on the inner wall of the water storage tank and a plurality of baffle plates that slide and cooperate with the installation plate in the vertical direction, each baffle plate is distributed along the length of the installation plate and corresponds to each outlet, and each baffle plate is used to open and close each outlet.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, each experimental pipeline is equipped with an independent flow outlet and an independently controlled baffle, which facilitates precise and rapid opening and closing control of each experimental pipeline.

[0017] Optionally, the mounting plate is provided with a return spring corresponding to each of the blocking plates. The return spring applies a spring force to the blocking plate in the direction of opening the outlet. The blocking plate is provided with a wedge-shaped locking block and a locking spring. The side of the blocking plate is provided with a locking groove for the wedge-shaped locking block to slide. The locking spring applies an outward spring force to the wedge-shaped locking block. The mounting plate is provided with a locking hole corresponding to and inserted into the wedge-shaped locking block. When the wedge-shaped locking block is inserted into the locking hole, the blocking plate closes the outlet. The locking hole is provided with an unlocking component for pushing the wedge-shaped locking block out of the locking hole.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, under normal conditions, the baffle plate opens the outlet under the elastic force of the locking spring to ensure the flow of water. When the baffle plate is pressed down, it closes the outlet, i.e. the inlet end of the experimental pipe, through the cooperation of the locking hole. The operation is convenient and quick.

[0019] Optionally, the unlocking assembly includes an unlocking block and an unlocking spring that are slidably disposed in the locking hole. One end of the unlocking block passes through and slides into the side of the mounting plate away from the blocking plate, and the unlocking spring applies a spring force to the unlocking block to move it away from the blocking plate.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the unlocking block is pressed and pushes the locking block out of the locking hole, the blocking plate moves upward under the elastic force of the reset spring, thereby realizing the opening of the convection outlet, i.e. the inlet section of the experimental pipe. The researchers can conveniently and quickly close and open the convection outlet, i.e. the inlet section of the experimental pipe.

[0021] Optionally, each of the experimental pipes has multiple pressure testing holes along its length at the bottom, and each pressure testing hole is connected to a pressure testing tube; a pressure bar is provided on one side of the water storage tank, the pressure bar includes a pressure testing cylinder that is connected to each pressure testing tube in a one-to-one correspondence, each pressure testing cylinder has a connecting pipe at its bottom, each connecting pipe has a fixed connector installed at the end away from the pressure testing cylinder, and each pressure testing tube is rotatably installed with a pressure testing connector that is threaded into the connecting pipe. By adopting the above technical solution, when testing a certain experimental pipeline, the pressure measuring pipe at the bottom of the experimental pipeline is connected to each connecting pipe through the cooperation of the pressure measuring connector and the fixed connector, so that the pressure at different positions at the bottom of the experimental pipeline can be intuitively reflected by the water column height of each pressure measuring cylinder, which is convenient and intuitive.

[0022] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. When it is necessary to simulate the morphology of spillway tunnels with different segment ratios in order to obtain comprehensive measurement data, researchers only need to open the inlet end of the target experimental pipe and close the inlet ends of other experimental pipes. There is no need to stop the system operation, drain the water, disassemble and reinstall the experimental pipes. The operation is simple, time-saving and labor-saving, which helps to improve experimental efficiency.

[0023] 2. By setting up a circulating water pump and an electromagnetic flow meter, a circulating water system was constructed, realizing the recycling of water resources, which is conducive to water conservation. At the same time, it can detect the total flow of the system, thereby determining whether the water supply is normal and ensuring the stability of the experiment.

[0024] 3. The stable sections of the same length separate the test variables, which helps to reduce the water flow fluctuations caused by the instability of the flow regime when measuring in the test section, i.e. the stable section, and obtain more reliable and stable measurement data. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure from another perspective of an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the barrier plate in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Reservoir; 2. Stilling basin; 3. Experimental piping; 31. Contraction section; 32. Transition section; 33. Gradual change section; 34. Stabilizing section; 4. Circulating water pump; 5. Electromagnetic flowmeter; 6. Water stabilization device; 61. Water stabilization pipe; 611. Water passage hole; 62. Water stabilization filter pad; 7. Detection hole; 8. Flow meter; 9. Water level gauge; 10. Outlet; 11. Opening and closing mechanism; 111. Mounting plate; 112. Baffle plate; 113 114. Return spring; 115. Wedge-shaped locking block; 116. Wedge-shaped surface; 117. Locking spring; 118. Locking groove; 119. Locking hole; 110. Unlocking hole; 12. Unlocking assembly; 121. Unlocking block; 122. Unlocking spring; 13. Unlocking slider; 14. Pressure testing tube; 141. Pressure testing connector; 15. Pressure row; 151. Pressure testing cylinder; 152. Connecting pipe; 153. Fixed connector. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-3 This application will be described in further detail.

[0030] This application discloses a flow measurement device for a variable cross-section spillway tunnel. (Refer to...) Figure 1The variable cross-section spillway flow measurement device includes a reservoir 1, a stilling basin 2, and multiple experimental pipes 3 connected in parallel. The inlet end of each experimental pipe 3 is connected to the reservoir 1, and the outlet end is connected to the stilling basin 2. Each experimental pipe 3 has different variable cross-section parameters to simulate different types of spillways. The reservoir 1 is equipped with an opening and closing mechanism 11, which independently controls the opening and closing of the inlet section of each experimental pipe 3, allowing researchers to easily select and use one of the experimental pipes 3 for experiments.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The top of the stilling basin 2 is open, and the outlet end of each experimental pipe 3 is located at the top of the opening of the stilling basin 2. In this embodiment, there are six experimental pipes 3, and two adjacent experimental pipes 3 form a group. Each experimental pipe 3 includes a contraction section 31, a transition section 32, a gradual change section 33, and a stabilizing section 34 arranged sequentially from the direction near the water storage tank 1 to the direction away from the water storage tank 1. The cross-sectional size of the contraction section 31 gradually decreases, the cross-sectional size of the transition section 32 is equal, the cross-sectional size of the gradual change section 33 gradually increases, and the cross-sectional size of the stabilizing section 34 is equal to and larger than the cross-sectional size of the transition section 32.

[0032] Continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In each experimental pipe 3, the length of the stable section 34 is the same. In each pair of experimental pipes 3, at least one parameter of the contraction section 31, transition section 32, and gradual change section 33 is fixed, while the length ratio of the other two parameters is different. The stable sections 34 of the same length separate the test variables, which helps to reduce the water flow fluctuations caused by the instability of the flow state and obtain more stable measurement data.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 Each experimental pipe 3 has multiple detection holes 7 along its own length at the top. In this embodiment, the number of detection holes 4 is six. Each detection hole 7 is equipped with a flow meter 8 and a water level gauge 9. The flow meter 8 is used to measure the flow velocity of the water in the experimental pipe 3, and the water level gauge 9 is used to measure the water level in the experimental pipe 3. This multi-point synchronous measurement method effectively reduces the error of single-point measurement and improves the accuracy of the data.

[0034] Continue to refer to Figure 1 To achieve water resource recycling and real-time monitoring of system flow, the device also includes a circulating water pump 4 and an electromagnetic flow meter 5. The inlet pipe of the circulating water pump 4 is connected to the bottom of the stilling basin 2, and the outlet pipe is connected to the water storage tank 1. The electromagnetic flow meter 5 is installed in the outlet pipe of the circulating water pump 4 to monitor the total circulating flow of the system in real time, ensuring water supply stability and providing reliable flow data for experiments.

[0035] Reference Figure 1and Figure 2 The water storage tank 1 is also equipped with a water stabilizing device 6, which includes a water stabilizing pipe 61 and a water stabilizing filter pad 62. The water stabilizing pipe 61 is fixedly installed in the water storage tank 1 and connected to the pipe connected to the output end of the circulating water pump 4. The outer circumferential surface of the water stabilizing pipe 61 has multiple water passage holes 611, which are distributed in a rectangular array on the water stabilizing pipe 61. The water stabilizing filter pad 62 covers the water stabilizing pipe 61 to reduce the water flow velocity and more stably realize the detection of water flow parameters. At the same time, the setting of the water stabilizing filter pad 62 helps to reduce the impurities contained in the water and reduce the influence of impurities on the experiment.

[0036] Continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The side wall of the water storage tank 1 is provided with outlets 10 corresponding to each of the experimental pipes 3, and each outlet 10 is connected to the inlet end of each experimental pipe 3. The opening and closing mechanism 11 includes a mounting plate 111 installed on the inner wall of the water storage tank 1 and a plurality of baffle plates 112 that slide and cooperate with the mounting plate 111 in the vertical direction. The baffle plates 112 are distributed along the length of the mounting plate 111, and the number of baffle plates 112 is the same as that of the outlets 10 and they correspond one-to-one. Each baffle plate 112 is used to control the opening and closing of each outlet 10.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The mounting plate 111 is provided with multiple sets of return springs 113 corresponding to each of the blocking plates 112. Each set of return springs 113 has two springs and is located on both sides of the blocking plate 112. One end of each set of two return springs 113 is connected to the top of the mounting plate 111 and the other end is connected to the blocking plate 112 to apply a vertical upward elastic force to the blocking plate 112. Under normal conditions, the blocking plate 112 opens the outlet 7 under the elastic force of the return springs 113.

[0038] Reference Figure 3 The blocking plate 112 is provided with a wedge-shaped locking block 114 and a locking spring 115. The bottom of the wedge-shaped locking block 114 is a wedge-shaped surface 1141. The blocking plate 112 has a locking groove 116 for the wedge-shaped locking block 114 to slide on the side wall of the mounting plate 111. One end of the locking spring 115 is connected to the groove wall of the locking groove 116 away from its own groove opening, and the other end is connected to the wedge-shaped locking block 114 to apply an outward elastic force to the wedge-shaped locking block 114.

[0039] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3The mounting plate 111 has six locking holes 117 on the side facing the baffle plate 112, each corresponding to and engaging with the wedge-shaped locking blocks 114. When the wedge-shaped locking blocks 114 are engaged in the locking holes 117, the baffle plate 112 closes the flow outlet 10. Pressing down on one of the baffle plates 112 causes the wedge-shaped locking blocks 114 to engage in the locking holes 117, thus closing one of the flow outlets 7, i.e., the inlet end of the experimental pipe 3. This operation allows operators to quickly and easily close one of the flow outlets 7, i.e., the inlet end of the experimental pipe 3.

[0040] Continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The locking hole 117 is provided with an unlocking component 12 for pushing the wedge-shaped locking block 114 out of the locking hole 117, so as to unlock the blocking plate 112 and open the outlet 7, i.e., the inlet section of the experimental pipe 3. The unlocking component 12 includes an unlocking block 121 and an unlocking spring 122 that are slidably disposed in the locking hole 117. One end of the unlocking block 121 passes through and slides against the side of the mounting plate 111 away from the blocking plate 112. The wall of the locking hole 117 has an unlocking hole 1171 extending along its own length direction. The unlocking block 121 is fixedly connected to an unlocking slider 13 that slides against the unlocking hole 1171. One end of the unlocking spring 122 is connected to the wall of the unlocking hole 1171 and the other end is connected to the unlocking slider 13 to apply a spring force to the unlocking block 121 in the direction away from the blocking plate 112, so as to facilitate the reset of the unlocking block 121 after the unlocking block 121 pushes the locking block out of the locking hole 117 by pressing the unlocking block 121.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 Each experimental pipe 3 has multiple pressure measuring holes (not shown in the figure) along its length at its bottom. In this embodiment, six pressure measuring holes are selected, and each pressure measuring hole is connected to a pressure measuring tube 14. A pressure bar 15 is provided on one side of the water storage tank 1. The pressure bar 15 includes six pressure measuring cylinders 151, each connected to a pressure measuring tube 14. Each pressure measuring cylinder 151 has a connecting pipe 152 connected to its bottom, and a fixed connector 153 is connected to the end of each connecting pipe 152 away from the pressure measuring cylinder 151. Each pressure measuring tube 14 is rotatable and connected to a pressure measuring connector 141 that is threaded into the connecting pipe 152. When testing one of the experimental pipes 3, the pressure measuring tubes 14 at the bottom of the experimental pipe 3 are connected to each connecting pipe 152 through the cooperation of the pressure measuring connector 141 and the fixed connector 153, so that the pressure at different positions at the bottom of the experimental pipe 3 can be directly reflected by the height of the water column in each pressure measuring cylinder 151.

[0042] The implementation principle of the variable cross-section spillway flow measurement device in this application embodiment is as follows: During the experiment, the researchers first select the target experimental pipe 3 through the opening and closing mechanism 11, that is, press the corresponding unlocking block 121, so that the wedge-shaped locking block 114 disengages from the locking hole 117, and the baffle plate 112 rises under the action of the return spring 113, thereby opening the corresponding outlet 10. After the water flow from the reservoir 1 is stabilized by the water stabilizing device 6, it enters the target experimental pipe 3, and finally flows into the stilling basin 2, and then returns to the reservoir 1 by the action of the circulating water pump 4, forming a circulating water flow.

[0043] The total flow rate is monitored by an electromagnetic flowmeter 5, and the internal flow parameters are measured by a flow velocity meter 8 and a water level gauge 9 on the target pipe. The pressure measuring tube 14 is connected to the fixed connector 153 of the pressure manifold 15 via a pressure measuring connector 141, and the pressure values ​​at different locations at the bottom of the experimental pipe are read by the water column height of each pressure measuring cylinder 151. When it is necessary to simulate the morphology of a spillway with different section ratios to obtain comprehensive measurement data, researchers only need to open the inlet end of the corresponding target experimental pipe 3 and close the inlet ends of all other experimental pipes 3. There is no need to stop the system operation, drain the water, disassemble and reinstall the experimental pipes. The operation is simple, time-saving, and labor-saving, which helps to improve experimental efficiency.

[0044] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A flow measuring device for a variable cross-section spillway tunnel, characterized in that: It includes a water storage tank (1), a stilling basin (2), and multiple experimental pipes (3) connected in parallel. The inlet and outlet ends of each experimental pipe (3) are connected to the water storage tank (1) and the stilling basin (2), respectively. Each experimental pipe (3) has different variable cross-sectional morphological parameters. The water storage tank (1) is equipped with an opening and closing mechanism (11) for opening and closing the inlet section of each experimental pipe (3).

2. The variable cross-section spillway flow measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a circulating water pump (4) and an electromagnetic flow meter (5). The inlet pipe of the circulating water pump (4) is connected to the stilling basin (2), and the outlet pipe is connected to the water storage tank (1). The electromagnetic flow meter (5) is installed in the outlet pipe of the circulating water pump (4).

3. The variable cross-section spillway tunnel flow measuring device of claim 2, wherein: The water storage tank (1) is equipped with a water stabilizing device (6). The water stabilizing device (6) includes a water stabilizing pipe (61) connected to the outlet pipe of the circulating water pump (4) and a water stabilizing filter pad (62) covering the outer periphery of the water stabilizing pipe (61). The water stabilizing pipe (61) has several water passage holes (611) on its wall.

4. The variable cross-section spillway tunnel flow measuring device of claim 1, wherein: Each of the experimental pipes (3) has multiple detection holes (7) at its top along its length. Each detection hole (7) is equipped with a flow meter (8) and a water level gauge (9). The flow meter (8) is used to measure the flow velocity of the water in the experimental pipe (3), and the water level gauge (9) is used to measure the water level in the experimental pipe (3).

5. The variable cross-section spillway tunnel flow measuring device of claim 4, wherein: The experimental pipe (3) includes a contraction section (31), a transition section (32), a gradual change section (33) and a stabilization section (34) from the inlet end to the outlet end. The stabilization section (34) of each experimental pipe (3) has the same length, and each detection hole (7) is opened in the stabilization section (34).

6. The variable cross-section spillway tunnel flow measuring device of claim 1, wherein: The side wall of the water storage tank (1) is provided with outlets (10) corresponding to each experimental pipe (3), and each outlet (10) is connected to the inlet end of each experimental pipe (3); the opening and closing mechanism (11) includes an installation plate (111) installed on the inner wall of the water storage tank (1) and a plurality of baffles (112) sliding and cooperating with the installation plate (111) in the vertical direction. Each baffle (112) is distributed along the length direction of the installation plate (111) and corresponds to each outlet (10), and each baffle (112) is used to open and close each outlet (10).

7. The variable cross-section spillway tunnel flow measuring device of claim 6, wherein: The mounting plate (111) is provided with a return spring (113) corresponding to each of the baffle plates (112). The return spring (113) applies a spring force to the baffle plate (112) to move in the direction of opening the outlet (10). The baffle plate (112) is provided with a wedge-shaped locking block (114) and a locking spring (115). The side of the baffle plate (112) is provided with a locking groove (116) for the wedge-shaped locking block (114) to slide. 5) Apply an outwardly extending elastic force to the wedge-shaped locking block (114); the mounting plate (111) has a locking hole (117) that corresponds to and is inserted into the wedge-shaped locking block (114); when the wedge-shaped locking block (114) is inserted into the locking hole (117), the blocking plate (112) closes the outlet (10); the locking hole (117) is provided with an unlocking component (12) for pushing the wedge-shaped locking block (114) out of the locking hole (117).

8. The variable cross-section spillway tunnel flow measuring device of claim 7, wherein: The unlocking assembly (12) includes an unlocking block (121) and an unlocking spring (122) that are slidably disposed in the locking hole (117). One end of the unlocking block (121) passes through and slides to engage with the side of the mounting plate (111) away from the blocking plate (112). The unlocking spring (122) applies a spring force to the unlocking block (121) to move it away from the blocking plate (112).

9. The variable cross-section spillway tunnel flow measuring device of claim 1, wherein: Each of the experimental pipes (3) has multiple pressure measuring holes at the bottom along the length direction, and each pressure measuring hole is connected to a pressure measuring tube (14); a pressure bar (15) is provided on one side of the water storage tank (1), the pressure bar (15) includes a pressure measuring cylinder (151) that is connected to each pressure measuring tube (14) in a one-to-one correspondence, each pressure measuring cylinder (151) has a connecting pipe (152) at the bottom, each connecting pipe (152) has a fixed connector (153) installed at the end away from the pressure measuring cylinder (151), and each pressure measuring tube (14) is rotatably installed with a pressure measuring connector (141) that is threadedly engaged with the connecting pipe (152).

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