High-speed traffic maintenance protection early warning device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of high-speed traffic maintenance protection early warning device, comprising: collision perception terminal and personnel alarm terminal;The collision perception terminal includes first shell, and three-dimensional accelerometer, vibration sensor, signal processing circuit, first wireless transmitting module and first power module being set in first shell;The personnel alarm terminal includes second shell, and second wireless receiving module, logic control circuit, alarm execution circuit and second power module are set in second shell;The collision perception terminal is connected with personnel alarm terminal by wireless communication link;The utility model is realized using pure hardware circuit, no program risk of flying, high reliability;Through the multi-signal fusion of three-dimensional accelerometer and vibration sensor, improve detection accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of road maintenance, specifically relating to a high-speed traffic maintenance and early warning device. Background Technology

[0002] Highway maintenance is a crucial aspect of ensuring safe and smooth traffic flow. However, maintenance work areas are often adjacent to high-speed traffic, creating a high-risk working environment. To ensure the safety of maintenance personnel, current standards require the installation of passive warning devices such as warning signs, speed reduction markings, and traffic cones (also known as "ice cream cones") behind the work area in the direction of oncoming traffic to guide traffic flow and delineate safe zones.

[0003] Although the aforementioned measures have become industry standards, they still have significant safety hazards and technical flaws. Specifically, existing traffic cones rely entirely on the driver's active observation and reaction. In situations where the driver is distracted, fatigued, or visibility is poor due to inclement weather, vehicles are highly susceptible to losing control and colliding with the cones at the end of the work area. At this point, a collision has already occurred, but maintenance personnel ahead are unlikely to notice the impact sound from hundreds of meters behind due to the loud noise generated by on-site machinery (such as milling machines, pavers, and rollers). There is a fatal warning vacuum between the collision and personnel noticing and reacting, failing to provide valuable buffer time for personnel to avoid danger.

[0004] In addition, some solutions use microcontrollers (MCUs) for sensor signal processing and logic judgment. These solutions rely on firmware programming, which carries the risk of program crashes or freezes. Stability and reliability are difficult to guarantee in complex electromagnetic environments or under drastic temperature changes, and development costs are high, hindering large-scale adoption. Other solutions using basic sensor circuits, while simple in structure, offer rudimentary functionality. For example, devices using vibration switches are prone to false alarms due to road vibrations from passing vehicles or strong winds. Frequent false alarms reduce vigilance, creating a "boy who cried wolf" effect, ultimately leading to neglect when real danger occurs. Furthermore, these solutions generally lack the ability to assess risk levels, failing to distinguish between minor scrapes and high-speed collisions, resulting in low-value warning information. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address some technical problems existing in the prior art, this utility model proposes a high-speed traffic maintenance protection and early warning device. It aims to solve the problem that after a high-speed collision, maintenance personnel ahead may be unable to detect the impact sound occurring hundreds of meters behind them due to the loud noise generated by on-site machinery (such as milling machines, pavers, and road rollers), thus causing traffic safety issues for maintenance personnel. This utility model can provide early warning of collision events, notify maintenance personnel to react, shorten the warning vacuum period, and provide valuable buffer time for personnel to avoid danger.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a high-speed traffic maintenance and early warning device, comprising: a collision sensing terminal and a personnel alarm terminal; the collision sensing terminal includes a first housing, and a three-dimensional accelerometer, a vibration sensor, a signal processing circuit, a first wireless transmission module, and a first power supply module disposed within the first housing; the personnel alarm terminal includes a second housing, and a second wireless receiving module, a logic control circuit, an alarm execution circuit, and a second power supply module disposed within the second housing; the collision sensing terminal and the personnel alarm terminal are connected via a wireless communication link; The signal processing circuit includes: the X-axis output and Y-axis output of the three-dimensional accelerometer are respectively connected to the non-inverting input terminals of the first voltage comparator and the second voltage comparator; the inverting input terminals of the first voltage comparator and the second voltage comparator are respectively connected to an adjustable reference voltage source; the output terminals of the first voltage comparator and the second voltage comparator are connected to the first input terminal and the second input terminal of a three-input OR gate chip; the output terminal of the vibration sensor is connected to the third input terminal of the three-input OR gate chip after being inverted by a Schmitt trigger; and the output terminal of the three-input OR gate chip is connected to the data input terminal of the encoding chip.

[0007] The three-dimensional accelerometer is an ADXL335, and its installation orientation is such that the XY axis plane is parallel to the ground plane, and the Z axis is perpendicular to the ground plane.

[0008] In one specific embodiment, the vibration sensor is a normally open vibration switch (SW58010).

[0009] In one specific embodiment, the voltage comparator uses an LM393N chip, and the three-input OR gate chip uses a CD4075.

[0010] In one specific embodiment, the encoding chip is a PT2262, and its data output terminal is connected to a 433MHz wireless transmission module.

[0011] In one specific embodiment, the logic control circuit includes: the data output terminal of the decoding chip is connected to the first input terminal of the AND gate chip; the moving terminal of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the second input terminal of the AND gate chip; and the two stationary terminals of the single-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to the power supply and ground.

[0012] In one specific embodiment, the decoding chip is a PT2272, and the AND gate chip is a CD4081.

[0013] In one specific embodiment, the alarm execution circuit includes: The output of the AND gate chip is connected to the base of the NPN transistor via a current-limiting resistor; The emitter of the NPN transistor is grounded, and an audible and visual alarm device is connected in series in the collector circuit.

[0014] In one specific embodiment, the audible and visual alarm device includes a buzzer and an LED, which are connected in parallel and then in series between the collector of an NPN transistor and the power supply.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: 1) This utility model addresses the issue that after a high-speed collision, maintenance personnel ahead may be unable to detect the impact sound occurring hundreds of meters behind due to the loud noise generated by on-site machinery (such as milling machines, pavers, and road rollers), thus causing traffic safety problems for maintenance personnel. This utility model can provide early warning of collision events, notify maintenance personnel to react, shorten the warning vacuum period, and provide valuable buffer time for personnel to avoid danger.

[0016] 2) This utility model is implemented using pure hardware circuitry, eliminating the risk of program crashes and ensuring high reliability; this utility model improves detection accuracy through multi-signal fusion of a three-dimensional accelerometer and a vibration sensor; this utility model features a manual switch, allowing maintenance personnel to control the alarm status according to actual conditions; this utility model has a simple circuit structure, low cost, and is suitable for large-scale deployment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of a collision sensing terminal in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a personnel alarm terminal in a specific embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The embodiments of this patent are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this patent, and should not be construed as limiting this patent.

[0019] Example 1 The first embodiment of this utility model provides a high-speed traffic maintenance and protection early warning device, including: a collision sensing terminal and a personnel alarm terminal; the collision sensing terminal includes a first housing, and a three-dimensional accelerometer, a vibration sensor, a signal processing circuit, a first wireless transmission module, and a first power supply module disposed within the first housing; the personnel alarm terminal includes a second housing, and a second wireless receiving module, a logic control circuit, an alarm execution circuit, and a second power supply module disposed within the second housing; the collision sensing terminal and the personnel alarm terminal are connected via a wireless communication link; the signal processing circuit includes: the X-axis output and Y-axis output of the three-dimensional accelerometer are respectively connected to the non-inverting input terminals of a first voltage comparator and a second voltage comparator; the inverting input terminals of the first voltage comparator and the second voltage comparator are respectively connected to an adjustable reference voltage source; the output terminals of the first voltage comparator and the second voltage comparator are connected to the first input terminal and the second input terminal of a three-input OR gate chip; the output terminal of the vibration sensor is connected to the third input terminal of the three-input OR gate chip after being inverted by a Schmitt trigger; the output terminal of the three-input OR gate chip is connected to the data input terminal of an encoding chip. The three-dimensional accelerometer is an ADXL335, and its installation orientation is such that the XY axis plane is parallel to the ground plane, and the Z axis is perpendicular to the ground plane.

[0020] Reference Figures 1-2 This utility model comprises two parts: a collision sensing terminal and a personnel alarm terminal. The collision sensing terminal is responsible for detecting dangerous events and transmitting wireless signals, while the personnel alarm terminal is responsible for receiving signals and issuing audible and visual alarms.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 The core circuitry of the collision sensing terminal includes: ADXL335 accelerometer U3: Mounted with the XY plane parallel to the ground, X_OUT and Y_OUT output analog voltages; LM393N comparators U2A and U2B: compare the X and Y axis output voltages with the reference voltages Vref1 and Vref2, respectively; SW58010 vibration sensor SW1: Normally open, closes during vibration; CD40106 Schmitt trigger U1: Shapes and inverts the vibration signal; CD4075 three-input OR gate: performs a logical OR operation on three detection signals; PT2262 encoder chip U5: Encodes alarm signals; 433MHz Transmitter Module M1: Transmits encoded wireless signals.

[0022] The chip selections mentioned above are optional, and the chip and its model can be modified in actual applications; for example, other comparators can be used, and vibration sensors can also use signals with similar functions; AND gates and NOT gates can also be modified according to actual needs.

[0023] Circuit connections: ADXL335's X_OUT is connected to the positive input of U2A, and Y_OUT is connected to the positive input of U2B. The inverting inputs of the two comparators are connected to the reference voltages set by adjustable resistors. The comparator outputs are connected to inputs 1A and 1B of the CD4075 three-input OR gate. SW1 is connected to the power supply via a pull-up resistor, and its output, after being inverted by U1, is connected to input 1C of the CD4075 three-input OR gate. The output of the CD4075 three-input OR gate is connected to D0 of U5, and DOUT of U5 is connected to DATA of M1.

[0024] The core circuit of the personnel alarm terminal includes: 433MHz receiver module RX1: Receives wireless signals; PT2272 decoding chip U6: decodes the received signal, D0 outputs a valid signal; CD4081 AND gate U8: Implements alarm enable control; Single-pole double-throw switch SW2: Manual control alarm enable; in practice, a toggle switch can be used instead of SW2. NPN transistor Q1: Drives the audible and visual alarm device; Buzzer 1 and LED 2: used as alarm loads.

[0025] Circuit connections: RX1's DATA pin is connected to U6's DIN pin, and U6's D0 pin is connected to U8's 1A input. SW2's moving terminal is connected to U8's 1B input, and its two stationary terminals are connected to VCC and GND respectively. U8's output is connected to the base of Q1 via R25. Q1's emitter is grounded, and its collector is connected to the negative terminals of BUZZER1 and LED1. The positive terminals of BUZZER1 and LED1 are connected to their respective power supplies.

[0026] Working principle: When the collision sensing terminal at the end of the maintenance area tilts or vibrates: The ADXL335 detects that the tilt angle of the XY plane exceeds the threshold, and the comparator outputs a high level. Alternatively, the SW58010 detects a vibration event and outputs a high level after inversion; The CD4075 performs an OR operation on three signals, and outputs a high level when any one of the conditions is met. The PT2262 encodes the alarm signal and transmits it through a 433MHz module.

[0027] When the personnel alarm terminal receives a signal: After the PT2272 decodes and verifies the address match, D0 outputs a high level. If the single-pole double-throw switch is in the enabled position (connected to VCC), the CD4081 outputs a high level. When the NPN transistor is turned on, it drives the buzzer and LED to emit an audible and visual alarm. Maintenance personnel can operate the switch to the disabled position (connected to GND) to temporarily shut down the alarm.

[0028] Installation and debugging: The ADXL335 should be installed horizontally with its XY plane parallel to the ground. Different tilt angle alarm thresholds can be set by adjusting the comparator's reference voltage, typically within the range of 15-45 degrees. The sensitivity of the vibration sensor can be adjusted via a mechanical mechanism.

[0029] This invention uses mature general-purpose integrated circuits, requires no programming, has a simple structure, and high reliability, which can effectively improve the safety level of highway maintenance operations.

[0030] The preferred embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concept of this utility model without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of this utility model through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation on the basis of existing technology should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A high-speed traffic maintenance protection early warning device, characterized in that, include: The collision sensing terminal and the personnel alarm terminal are described below. The collision sensing terminal includes a first housing, and a three-dimensional accelerometer, a vibration sensor, a signal processing circuit, a first wireless transmission module, and a first power supply module disposed within the first housing. The personnel alarm terminal includes a second housing, and a second wireless receiving module, a logic control circuit, an alarm execution circuit, and a second power supply module disposed within the second housing. The collision sensing terminal and the personnel alarm terminal are connected via a wireless communication link; The signal processing circuit includes: the X-axis output and Y-axis output of the three-dimensional accelerometer are respectively connected to the non-inverting input terminals of a first voltage comparator and a second voltage comparator; the inverting input terminals of the first voltage comparator and the second voltage comparator are respectively connected to an adjustable reference voltage source; the output terminals of the first voltage comparator and the second voltage comparator are connected to the first input terminal and the second input terminal of a three-input OR gate chip; the output terminal of the vibration sensor is connected to the third input terminal of the three-input OR gate chip after being inverted by a Schmitt trigger; and the output terminal of the three-input OR gate chip is connected to the data input terminal of an encoding chip. The three-dimensional accelerometer is an ADXL335, and its installation orientation is such that the XY axis plane is parallel to the ground plane, and the Z axis is perpendicular to the ground plane.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The vibration sensor is a normally open vibration switch (SW58010).

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The first voltage comparator and the second voltage comparator use LM393N chips, and the three-input OR gate chip uses CD4075.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The encoding chip is PT2262, and its data output terminal is connected to a 433MHz wireless transmission module.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The logic control circuit includes: the data output terminal of the decoding chip is connected to the first input terminal of the AND gate chip; the moving terminal of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the second input terminal of the AND gate chip; and the two stationary terminals of the single-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to the power supply and ground.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The decoding chip is PT2272, and the AND gate chip is CD4081.

7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The alarm execution circuit includes: The output of the AND gate chip is connected to the base of the NPN transistor via a current-limiting resistor; The emitter of the NPN transistor is grounded, and an audible and visual alarm device is connected in series in the collector circuit.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein, The audible and visual alarm device includes a buzzer and an LED, which are connected in parallel and then in series between the collector of an NPN transistor and the power supply.

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