Multi-stage cooling system for explosion-proof lithium battery

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of multistage cooling systems of explosion-proof lithium battery, and it is related to lithium battery safety protection technical field.System includes lithium battery box, hoisting frame, automatic cooling device and spraying device;Multiple cooling units are arranged inside lithium battery box at intervals, each unit contains first container and first release element, and first cooling medium is automatically released when the temperature in the box reaches first preset temperature;Hoisting frame is fixed to the outer wall of box top;Automatic cooling device contains second container on hoisting frame and the first pipeline that is communicated, pipeline is arranged along the outer wall of box and is separately arranged branch pipeline with second release element, and second cooling medium is released when the temperature outside the box reaches second preset temperature;Spraying device contains second pipeline on hoisting frame, connects external cooling water system, and is equipped with multiple spraying ports towards the outer wall of box.System triggers graded medium release and external spraying through internal and external temperature, forms multilevel collaborative cooling structure, and improves the explosion-proof safety of lithium battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of lithium battery safety protection, specifically a multi-stage cooling system for explosion-proof lithium batteries. Background Technology

[0002] The electrification of underground coal mine equipment has driven the widespread application of explosion-proof lithium batteries. However, the flammable and explosive environments underground, such as those with methane and coal dust, place special demands on battery safety. Lithium batteries are prone to thermal runaway under overcharging, short circuits, or mechanical impacts. The core risk stems from a chain reaction caused by high temperatures, rather than combustion in the traditional sense. Therefore, the safety protection of lithium batteries used in coal mines must focus on rapid cooling to inhibit temperature rise and interrupt the thermal runaway chain, rather than relying on conventional fire extinguishing agents to extinguish open flames.

[0003] In existing technologies, at the monitoring level, the temperature of lithium battery modules is collected in real time through the battery management system (BMS), and abnormal temperature rise is detected by fiber optic sensing or infrared thermal imaging technology, triggering power-off protection. In terms of structural isolation, a double-layer explosion-proof enclosure, a modular design, and a pressure relief channel are adopted to prevent the diffusion of high-temperature gas. Cooling measures are mainly passive heat dissipation.

[0004] Existing technologies have failed to construct an active, hierarchical, and efficient cooling system, making it difficult to meet the full-chain prevention and control needs of lithium battery thermal runaway in underground coal mines. There is an urgent need for a collaborative cooling system that can trigger multi-level responses based on temperature gradients. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by providing a multi-stage cooling system for explosion-proof lithium batteries, thus solving the problem of insufficient thermal runaway protection in existing lithium battery boxes in coal mines.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a multi-stage cooling system for explosion-proof lithium batteries, characterized in that it includes:

[0007] A lithium battery box has multiple cooling units spaced apart inside. Each cooling unit includes a first container for containing a first cooling medium and a first release element connected to the first container. The first release element is configured to automatically release the first cooling medium when the temperature inside the lithium battery box reaches a first preset temperature.

[0008] A hoisting frame is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the lithium battery box;

[0009] An automatic cooling device includes a second container fixedly connected to the hoisting frame and a first pipeline communicating with the second container. The second container is used to contain a second cooling medium. The first pipeline is arranged along the outer wall of the lithium battery box. The first pipeline is provided with a plurality of branch pipelines communicating with the first pipeline. The free end of each branch pipeline is provided with a second release element. The second release element is configured to automatically release the second cooling medium when the external temperature of the lithium battery box reaches a second preset temperature.

[0010] The spray device includes a second pipe arranged on the hoisting frame, the second pipe being used to connect to an external cooling water supply system, and a plurality of spray nozzles provided on the second pipe, each of the spray nozzles being arranged facing the outer wall of the lithium battery box.

[0011] In one possible embodiment, the first release element is a first glass bead, and the first container is filled with perfluorohexanone; the first glass bead is sealed at the outlet of the first container and configured to break when the temperature inside the lithium battery box reaches the first preset temperature to release the perfluorohexanone.

[0012] In one possible embodiment, the second container is filled with a dry powder extinguishing agent or a water-based extinguishing agent, and the first pipeline is connected to the release port of the second container; the second release element is a second glass bead that is sealed at the end of the branch pipeline, and the second glass bead is configured to break when the external temperature of the lithium battery box reaches the second preset temperature to release the dry powder extinguishing agent or the water-based extinguishing agent.

[0013] In one possible embodiment, the first conduit is arranged in a spiral or serpentine shape around the top and side outer walls of the lithium battery box.

[0014] In one possible embodiment, the second pipe is formed by the frame of the hoisting frame, the frame having a fluid channel inside, and a quick-connect fitting provided on the frame, the quick-connect fitting communicating with the fluid channel for connecting to an external cooling water supply system.

[0015] In one possible embodiment, the second pipeline is a pipe body fixed on the hoisting frame, and the pipe body is provided with a quick-connect fitting. The quick-connect fitting is connected to the pipe body and is used to connect to an external cooling water supply system.

[0016] In one possible embodiment, the tube is arranged in a spiral or serpentine shape around the top and side outer walls of the lithium battery box.

[0017] In one possible embodiment, the first preset temperature is set to 68°C.

[0018] In one possible embodiment, the second preset temperature is set to 150°C.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: by setting up a cooling unit containing perfluorohexanone at intervals inside the lithium battery box, configuring an external cooling device that automatically sprays refrigerant, and a spray device that can be connected to external cooling water, a three-level progressive cooling system is constructed, which includes precise internal suppression, rapid external blocking, and emergency deep cooling, which can significantly improve the thermal runaway prevention and control capability of lithium batteries. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of a multi-stage cooling system for explosion-proof lithium batteries provided in one embodiment.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a multi-stage cooling system for explosion-proof lithium batteries provided in one embodiment, without the lifting frame.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a hoisting frame provided in one embodiment.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the arrangement of the internal cooling unit of a lithium battery box with the top plate removed, according to one embodiment.

[0024] In the diagram: 10. Automatic cooling device; 11. Second container; 12. First pipeline; 20. Lithium battery box; 21. Cooling unit; 22. Lithium battery module; 30. Lifting frame; 31. Frame body; 32. Quick-connect pipe; 33. Spray nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description in this part is only exemplary and explanatory, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this utility model in any way.

[0026] refer to Figure 1 This embodiment provides a multi-stage cooling system for explosion-proof lithium batteries, specifically including a lithium battery box 20, a hoisting frame 30, an automatic cooling device 10, and a spraying device.

[0027] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The lithium battery box 20 has multiple cooling units 21 arranged at intervals inside. Each cooling unit 21 includes a first container for containing a first cooling medium and a first release element connected to the first container; a lifting frame 30 is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the lithium battery box 20.

[0028] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2The automatic cooling device 10 includes a second container 11 fixed to the hoisting frame 30 and a first pipe 12 connected to the second container 11. The first pipe 12 is arranged along the outer wall of the lithium battery box 20. The first pipe 12 is provided with a plurality of branch pipes that are in fluid communication with the first pipe 12. Each branch pipe has a second release element at its free end.

[0029] Optional, see reference Figure 3 The spraying device includes a second pipeline arranged on the hoisting frame 30, and the second pipeline is provided with a plurality of spray nozzles 33 facing the outer wall of the lithium battery box 20.

[0030] In this embodiment, a multi-stage cooling logic is achieved by releasing a first cooling medium when the temperature inside the lithium battery box 20 reaches a first preset temperature by a first release element, releasing a second cooling medium when the temperature outside the lithium battery box 20 reaches a second preset temperature by a second release element, and spraying cooling water through a spray nozzle 33 via a second pipeline to an external cooling water supply system. This enables layered temperature control before thermal runaway of the lithium battery box 20, effectively blocking heat diffusion.

[0031] In some implementations, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 The cooling units 21 are fixed inside the lithium battery box 20 and are arranged at intervals inside the box. The lithium battery box 20 is provided with multiple lithium battery modules 22, and at least one cooling unit 21 is arranged above each lithium battery module 22. Each cooling unit 21 includes a first container for containing a first cooling medium and a first release element connected to the first container. The first release element is configured to automatically release the first cooling medium when the temperature inside the lithium battery box 20 reaches a first preset temperature.

[0032] In some embodiments, the first container of the cooling unit 21 is filled with high-pressure perfluorohexanone, and the first release element of the cooling unit 21 is a first glass bead; a release outlet is connected to the first container, and the first glass bead is sealed at the release outlet. When the temperature inside the lithium battery box 20 reaches a first preset temperature, the first glass bead breaks, opening the release outlet and releasing the high-pressure perfluorohexanone in the first container to cool the lithium battery module 22. When the temperature of the lithium battery module 22 rises to 68°C due to thermal runaway, the cooling unit 21 starts to release perfluorohexanone, rapidly reducing the temperature inside the battery cavity and blocking the thermal diffusion chain reaction through the dual effects of physical endothermic reaction and chemical inhibition of free radical reaction.

[0033] In some possible embodiments, the multiple cooling units 21 can be divided into two groups, one of which has a first glass bead breakage temperature of 68°C; the other group has a first glass bead breakage temperature of 79°C. When the first group fails to completely suppress thermal runaway and the temperature continues to rise to 79°C, the second batch of cooling units 21 is activated to enhance the fire extinguishing effect, ensuring that thermal runaway of a single lithium battery module 22 does not trigger a chain reaction in adjacent lithium battery modules 22.

[0034] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The lithium battery box 20 is equipped with a lifting frame 30 on its exterior. Mounting plates are located on both sides of the lithium battery box 20, and the two ends of the lifting frame 30 are fixed to these mounting plates. The lifting frame 30 is used to connect to the lifting beam on a monorail crane. An automatic cooling device 10 is fixed on the lifting frame 30. The automatic cooling device 10 includes a second container 11 and a first pipe 12 communicating with the second container 11. The second container 11 is filled with a second cooling medium. The first pipe 12 is arranged along the outer wall of the lithium battery box 20. Multiple branch pipes communicating with the first pipe 12 are provided on the first pipe 12. A second release element is sealed at the free end of each branch pipe. This second release element is used to release the second cooling medium when the external temperature of the lithium battery box 20 reaches a second preset temperature.

[0035] Specifically, the second cooling medium is a dry powder extinguishing agent or a water-based extinguishing agent, and the first pipeline 12 is connected to the second container 11, which is a high-pressure container. Optionally, the second release element is a second glass bead, which breaks when the external temperature of the lithium battery box 20 reaches a second preset temperature to release the second cooling medium. In some embodiments, the second preset temperature can be set to 150°C.

[0036] In some possible embodiments, the first conduit 12 is spiral or serpentine around the top and side outer walls of the lithium battery box 20 so that it covers the entire lithium battery box 20 when the second cooling medium is released.

[0037] In one embodiment, reference Figure 3 The second pipeline of the spray device is the frame 31 of the hoisting frame 30. The frame 31 is designed as a hollow tube structure, forming a fluid channel within it. A quick-connect fitting 32 is provided on the frame 31, which communicates with the fluid channel for connecting to an external cooling water supply system. Multiple spray nozzles 33 facing the lithium battery box 20 are provided on the second pipeline. This spray device requires manual connection of the cooling water supply system to the second pipeline. After connection, cooling water is sprayed from the spray nozzles 33, rapidly cooling the outer wall of the lithium battery box 20 by connecting to external cooling water.

[0038] In another embodiment, the second pipeline of the spray device is a pipe body fixed on the hoisting frame 30, with a quick-connect fitting 32 for connecting to an external cooling water supply system on the pipe body, and a spray nozzle 33 facing the lithium battery box 20 on the pipe body.

[0039] In some possible embodiments, the fluid channels or pipe structures of the frame 31 of the hoisting frame 30 are spiral or serpentine, encircling the top and side outer walls of the lithium battery box 20.

[0040] In practical use, the explosion-proof lithium battery multi-stage cooling system operates by using an internal cooling unit that triggers the release of perfluorohexanone through a two-stage glass bead breakage mechanism at 68°C and 79°C. When the battery module temperature reaches 68°C, the first set of glass beads breaks, releasing high-pressure perfluorohexanone, which rapidly cools the battery using vaporization endothermic and chemical inhibition effects. If the temperature continues to rise to 79°C, the second set of glass beads breaks, initiating secondary cooling to prevent thermal runaway. The external automatic cooling device of the lithium battery box releases dry powder or water-based fire extinguishing agent through branch pipes of the first pipeline when the box temperature reaches 150°C, comprehensively covering the box surface to enhance the cooling effect. In emergency situations, a quick-connect fitting of the sprinkler system can be manually connected to continuously spray cooling water onto the outside of the box through the spray nozzles, forming a collaborative working mechanism of automatic graded protection and manual emergency intervention.

[0041] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0042] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The above examples are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this utility model. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that due to the limitations of textual expression, while there are objectively infinite specific structures, those skilled in the art can make several improvements, modifications, or changes without departing from the principles of this utility model, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, changes, or combinations, or the direct application of the concept and technical solution of the utility model to other occasions without modification, should all be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An anti-explosion lithium battery multi-stage cooling system, characterized in that, include: A lithium battery box has multiple cooling units spaced apart inside. Each cooling unit includes a first container for containing a first cooling medium and a first release element connected to the first container. The first release element is configured to automatically release the first cooling medium when the temperature inside the lithium battery box reaches a first preset temperature. A hoisting frame is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the lithium battery box; An automatic cooling device includes a second container fixedly connected to the hoisting frame and a first pipeline communicating with the second container. The second container is used to contain a second cooling medium. The first pipeline is arranged along the outer wall of the lithium battery box. The first pipeline is provided with a plurality of branch pipelines communicating with the first pipeline. The free end of each branch pipeline is provided with a second release element. The second release element is configured to automatically release the second cooling medium when the external temperature of the lithium battery box reaches a second preset temperature. The spray device includes a second pipe arranged on the hoisting frame, the second pipe being used to connect to an external cooling water supply system, and a plurality of spray nozzles provided on the second pipe, each of the spray nozzles being arranged facing the outer wall of the lithium battery box.

2. The multi-stage cooling system for explosion-proof lithium battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first release element is a first glass bead, and the first container is filled with perfluorohexanone. The first glass bead is sealed at the outlet of the first container and is configured to break when the temperature inside the lithium battery box reaches the first preset temperature to release the perfluorohexanone.

3. The explosion-proof lithium battery multi-stage cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second container is filled with dry powder extinguishing agent or water-based extinguishing agent, and the first pipeline is connected to the release port of the second container; the second release element is a second glass bead that is sealed at the end of the branch pipeline, and the second glass bead is configured to break when the external temperature of the lithium battery box reaches the second preset temperature, so as to release the dry powder extinguishing agent or water-based extinguishing agent.

4. The explosion-proof lithium battery multi-stage cooling system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first pipeline is arranged in a spiral or serpentine shape around the top and side outer walls of the lithium battery box.

5. The explosion-proof lithium battery multi-stage cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second pipeline is formed by the frame of the hoisting frame, and a fluid channel is formed inside the frame. The frame is equipped with a quick-connect pipe connector, which is connected to the fluid channel for connecting to an external cooling water supply system.

6. The explosion-proof lithium battery multi-stage cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second pipeline is a pipe body fixed on the hoisting frame. The pipe body is provided with a quick-connect fitting, which is connected to the pipe body and used to connect to an external cooling water supply system.

7. The explosion-proof lithium battery multi-stage cooling system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The tube is arranged in a spiral or serpentine shape around the top and side outer walls of the lithium battery box.

8. The explosion-proof lithium battery multi-stage cooling system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The first preset temperature is set to 68°C.

9. The explosion-proof lithium battery multi-stage cooling system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The second preset temperature is set to 150℃.

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