Battery module and energy storage device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of battery modules, in particular to a battery module and an energy storage device. The battery module comprises end plates, liquid cooling assemblies, battery cells and connecting pieces. The two end plates are arranged at intervals relative to each other along a first direction. The liquid cooling assembly comprises compressible liquid cooling plates and flexible pipes. The plurality of compressible liquid cooling plates are arranged at intervals between the two end plates. The flexible pipes are in communication with the compressible liquid cooling plates. The battery cells are arranged in plurality. Any two adjacent compressible liquid cooling plates are provided with the battery cells. The end plates, the compressible liquid cooling plates and the battery cells abut each other. The connecting pieces connect the two end plates. In this way, the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module can be improved, the expansion capacity of the battery cells is prevented from being affected, the influence of the expansion of the battery cells on the heat dissipation capacity of the compressible liquid cooling plates can be avoided, and therefore the service life of the battery module can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery module technology, and in particular to a battery module and energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] Existing battery modules typically dissipate heat by having the bottom of the battery cell contact an external liquid cooling plate. However, the bottom area of ​​the battery cell is relatively small, resulting in a relatively small effective heat conduction area between the cell and the liquid cooling plate, making it difficult to guarantee the heat dissipation effect and efficiency. Placing a liquid cooling plate between the cells, utilizing the large surface area between them for heat dissipation, is one solution to this problem. However, the liquid cooling plate positioned between the cells can affect cell expansion, potentially impacting cell cycle life. Furthermore, cell expansion can interfere with the connection between the liquid cooling plate and the cooling pipes, potentially causing the liquid cooling plate to malfunction. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a battery module and an energy storage device.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery module, the battery module having a first orientation and comprising:

[0005] End plates, wherein two end plates are provided at relative intervals along the first direction;

[0006] A liquid cooling assembly, comprising a compressible liquid cooling plate and a flexible tube, wherein the compressible liquid cooling plate is disposed between two end plates and there are multiple such plates, the multiple compressible liquid cooling plates are spaced apart along the first direction, and the flexible tube is connected to the compressible liquid cooling plate;

[0007] The battery cell is provided in multiple ways. Along the first direction, the battery cell is provided between any two adjacent compressible liquid cooling plates. The end plate, the compressible liquid cooling plate and the battery cell abut against each other along the first direction.

[0008] A connector that connects the two end plates.

[0009] Optionally, the battery module has a second direction and a third direction, wherein the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction intersect but are not coplanar;

[0010] The compressible liquid cooling plate includes an outer shell and a partition. The outer shell has an inner cavity that extends along the second direction and includes two side plates that are spaced apart from each other along the first direction. The partition is connected between the two side plates, and the included angle between the partition and the side plates is an acute angle or an obtuse angle. Multiple partitions are provided along the third direction and divide the inner cavity into multiple flow channels that extend along the second direction.

[0011] Optionally, the compressible liquid cooling plate includes a first part and a second part, the first part and the second part being arranged side by side along the third direction; along the second direction, the two ends of the first part protrude from the battery cell, and the end of the second part is flush with the battery cell or recessed relative to the battery cell.

[0012] Optionally, the liquid cooling assembly includes a first water collection block and a second water collection block. Along the second direction, one end of the first part is connected to the first water collection block, and the other end of the first part is connected to the second water collection block.

[0013] The first water collecting block has an inlet chamber and a return chamber, which are independent of each other and not connected. The inlet chamber is connected to a portion of the flow channels in the first part, and the return chamber is connected to the remaining flow channels in the first part. The second water collecting block has a water collecting chamber, which is connected to all the flow channels in the first part.

[0014] Optionally, the first water collection block includes an inlet nozzle and a return nozzle, wherein the inlet nozzle is connected to the inlet chamber and the return nozzle is connected to the return chamber;

[0015] Multiple first water collection blocks and multiple second water collection blocks are provided, and any one of the compressible liquid cooling plates is connected to one of the first water collection blocks and one of the second water collection blocks respectively; along the first direction, the water inlet and the water return are provided on both sides of the first water collection block;

[0016] Multiple flexible pipes are provided. Along the first direction, the inlet between any two adjacent first water collection blocks is connected to one flexible pipe, and the return pipe between any two adjacent first water collection blocks is connected to another flexible pipe.

[0017] Optionally, the connector includes a cable tie that surrounds the end plate, the compressible liquid cooling plate, and the battery cell, and is disposed opposite to the second portion along the second direction.

[0018] Optionally, the second portion is provided at two locations with relative intervals along the third direction, and the first portion is provided between the two locations of the second portion; along the second direction, each location of the second portion is provided opposite to at least one of the cable ties.

[0019] Optionally, the compressible liquid cooling plate includes at least two sub-plates, which are independent of each other and arranged side by side along the third direction.

[0020] Optionally, the compressible liquid cooling plate includes an insulating thermally conductive structure located on the side of the compressible liquid cooling plate facing the battery cell and in contact with the battery cell.

[0021] Optionally, along the third direction, the end of the compressible liquid cooling plate is flush with the end plate and the battery cell.

[0022] Optionally, along the first direction, the thickness of the side plate is δ, where 0.4mm≤δ≤0.8mm.

[0023] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage device, which includes any of the battery modules described in the first aspect.

[0024] In some implementations of this application, the battery module includes end plates, a liquid cooling assembly, battery cells, and connectors. Two end plates are spaced apart along a first direction. The liquid cooling assembly includes compressible liquid cooling plates and flexible tubes. Multiple compressible liquid cooling plates are disposed between the two end plates and spaced apart. A battery cell is disposed between any two adjacent compressible liquid cooling plates to allow for sufficient heat exchange between the compressible liquid cooling plates and the battery cells. The flexible tubes communicate with the compressible liquid cooling plates to allow refrigerant to flow into or out of the compressible liquid cooling plates. Connectors connect the two end plates so that the end plates, compressible liquid cooling plates, and battery cells abut against each other along the first direction.

[0025] Under normal conditions, a preload exists between the battery cell, the compressible liquid cooling plate, and the end plate, with the battery cell being compressed by the compressible liquid cooling plate. Heat exchange can occur between the battery cell and the compressible liquid cooling plate to prevent overheating. With long-term cycling, the battery cell will expand. At this time, the compressible liquid cooling plate can undergo compression deformation under the pressure of the battery cell to absorb the volume expansion. Supported by the end plate and connectors, the compressible liquid cooling plate also provides some constraint to prevent excessive expansion of the battery cell. Due to the expansion of the battery cell, the distance between the compressible liquid cooling plates will also change. The flexible tube can deform to adapt to this change in distance. This prevents leakage between the flexible tube and the compressible liquid cooling plate, ensuring the normal inflow and outflow of refrigerant within the compressible liquid cooling plate, and thus avoiding the impact of battery cell expansion on heat exchange between the battery cell and the compressible liquid cooling plate.

[0026] In summary, by adopting the above structure, the heat dissipation capacity and effect of the battery module can be improved, while preventing the expansion capacity of the battery cell from being affected. At the same time, the expansion of the battery cell can also avoid affecting the heat dissipation capacity of the compressible liquid cooling plate, thus helping to ensure the service life of the battery module. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0028] Figure 1 Axonometric views of a battery module provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 Exploded views of battery modules provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 3 A side view of a compressible liquid cooling plate along the negative Y direction provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 4 Axonometric views of a compressible liquid cooling plate, a first water collection block, and a second water collection block provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a compressible liquid cooling plate, a first water collection block, and a second water collection block provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 6 Axonometric view of the first water collection block provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 7 Axonometric view of a second water collection block provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0035] Figure 8 Axonometric views of liquid cooling components provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0036] Reference numerals: 1. End plate; 2. Liquid cooling assembly; 21. Compressible liquid cooling plate; 21a. First part; 21b. Second part; 21c. Sub-plate body; 211. Outer shell; 2111. Inner cavity; 2111a. Flow channel; 2112. Side plate; 212. Partition; 213. Insulating and heat-conducting structure; 22. Flexible tube; 23. First water collection block; 231. Water inlet cavity; 232. Water return cavity; 233. Water inlet nozzle; 234. Water return nozzle; 24. Second water collection block; 241. Water collection cavity; 3. Battery cell; 4. Connector; 4a. Cable tie; X - First direction; Y - Second direction; Z - Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] Battery modules are the core energy storage devices in an energy storage system. Depending on the operating scenario of the energy storage system, battery modules employ different heat dissipation methods. Battery modules used in residential and commercial energy storage scenarios generally have relatively small power loads, so natural cooling or air cooling can be used. Battery modules in large-scale energy storage power stations are responsible for grid-connected operation and peak shaving, resulting in relatively large loads and heat generation. Therefore, liquid cooling with higher heat dissipation capacity and efficiency is required.

[0039] Battery modules in large-scale energy storage power stations typically use cubic prismatic cells. The bottom area of ​​these cells is relatively small. If liquid cooling plates are used to dissipate heat from the bottom of the cells, the effective heat conduction area between the cells and the cooling plates will also be relatively small. This significantly impacts the heat dissipation effect and efficiency of the prismatic cells.

[0040] The sides of prismatic battery cells typically have a large surface area. Placing a liquid cooling plate on the side of the cell can effectively increase the heat conduction area between the cell and the plate, thereby improving the cell's heat dissipation capacity and efficiency. However, the sides of prismatic cells are usually positioned opposite each other, with expansion-absorbing buffers and thermal insulation pads between the cells to prevent thermal runaway. Placing a liquid cooling plate on the side of the cell can hinder its expansion, affecting its cycle life and consequently the cycle life of the entire battery module. When the cell expands, the position of the liquid cooling plate is also forced to change. Since the liquid cooling plate needs to connect to cooling pipes to obtain refrigerant, its position can affect this connection, potentially leading to cooling plate failure. Decreased cycle life and reduced cooling capacity both affect the battery module's lifespan, ultimately impacting the operating costs of energy storage devices.

[0041] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a battery module and an energy storage device.

[0042] refer to Figure 1 In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery module. The battery module has a first direction X and includes an end plate 1, a liquid cooling assembly 2, and a battery cell 3.

[0043] refer to Figure 2 End plates 1 are the basic structures in the battery module used to provide mounting bases for the battery cells 3. Two end plates 1 are arranged opposite each other along the first direction X, and the battery cell 3 is disposed between the two end plates 1. In some embodiments of this application, the end plates 1 are generally made of metals such as aluminum alloy, and can be solid plates or hollow profile plates. In some embodiments of this application, the end plates 1 are preferably made of hollow profiles such as aluminum alloy. This reduces the weight of the end plates 1 while ensuring their structural strength, thus reducing the overall weight of the battery module while maintaining its structural strength. The specific shape and size of the end plates 1 can be set according to actual needs, and will not be elaborated here.

[0044] refer to Figure 2 The liquid cooling assembly 2 is a heat dissipation structure for cooling the battery cell 3. The liquid cooling assembly 2 includes compressible liquid cooling plates 21 and flexible tubes 22. Multiple compressible liquid cooling plates 21 are disposed between two end plates 1, spaced apart along a first direction X. The battery cell 3 is disposed between adjacent compressible liquid cooling plates 21. The number of compressible liquid cooling plates 21 depends on the number of battery cells 3 in the battery module. For example, if eight battery cells 3 are disposed along the first direction X, the corresponding number of compressible liquid cooling plates 21 is nine. These nine compressible liquid cooling plates 21 are spaced apart along the first direction X to form eight spaces for accommodating the battery cells 3. Alternatively, if eleven battery cells 3 are disposed along the first direction X, the corresponding number of compressible liquid cooling plates 21 is twelve. These twelve compressible liquid cooling plates 21 are spaced apart along the first direction X to form eleven spaces for accommodating the battery cells 3.

[0045] In some embodiments of this application, the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 is a liquid cooling plate with low rigidity that can be deformed under pressure when the battery cell 3 expands. Specifically, in the battery module, the battery cell 3 is attached to one compressible liquid cooling plate 21 on each side along the first direction X. The two can be directly attached or bonded together with thermally conductive adhesive. Under normal conditions, there is a preload between the battery cell 3 and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21, and the battery cell 3 is compressed by the compressible liquid cooling plate 21. Heat exchange can occur between the battery cell 3 and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 to prevent the battery cell 3 from overheating. With long-term cycling of the battery cell 3, the battery cell 3 will expand. At this time, the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 can be compressed and deformed under the pressure of the battery cell 3 to absorb the volume expansion of the battery cell 3.

[0046] refer to Figure 2The flexible tube 22 can be a rubber tube, nylon corrugated tube, etc. The flexible tube 22 is connected to the compressible liquid cooling plate 21. During battery module operation, refrigerants such as water and ethylene glycol can be introduced into the flexible tube 22. The refrigerant flows through the flexible tube 22 into each compressible liquid cooling plate 21, where it exchanges heat with the battery cell 3 before flowing out through another flexible tube 22. Due to the expansion of the battery cell 3, the distance between the compressible liquid cooling plates 21 will change. The flexible tube 22 can deform to adapt to this change in distance. This prevents leakage between the flexible tube 22 and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21, allowing the refrigerant to flow normally into or out of the compressible liquid cooling plate 21. This avoids the heat exchange effect between the battery cell 3 and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 being affected by the expansion of the battery cell 3, ensuring the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module during long-term use.

[0047] refer to Figure 2 Cell 3 is the smallest energy storage unit within the battery module. Typically, a single battery module contains two, three, four, five, or even more cells 3. Multiple cells 3 are positioned between two end plates 1, and their distribution can be determined based on actual needs. For example, multiple cells 3 can be arranged along the first direction X, in which case only one cell 3 is positioned between any two adjacent compressible liquid cooling plates 21. Alternatively, multiple cells 3 can be distributed in an array between the two end plates 1. For example, the battery module may include two cell columns extending along the first direction X. The two cell columns are arranged adjacent to each other, and each cell column includes eight cells 3 arranged along the first direction X. In this case, two cells 3 are positioned between any two adjacent compressible liquid cooling plates 21. To prevent the heat of the two cells 3 from affecting each other, heat insulation structures such as mica sheets or foam pads can be placed between the two cells 3.

[0048] Two end plates 1 are connected by connectors 4. With the connectors 4 in place, the end plates 1, the compressible liquid cooling plate 21, and the battery cell 3 abut against each other along the first direction X. Specifically, during the battery module assembly process, a certain preload can be applied between the battery cell 3 and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 using a tooling fixture to ensure that the battery cell 3 and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 are firmly abutted against each other. After the end plates 1 and connectors 4 are installed, with the connectors 4 in place, the end plates 1 can maintain the preload applied to the battery cell 3 and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 by the tooling fixture. At this time, the end plates 1, the compressible liquid cooling plate 21, and the battery cell 3 remain in abutting state along the first direction X.

[0049] The connector 4 can have various options. Specifically, in some embodiments of this application, the connector 4 can be a cable tie 41. In this case, the cable tie 41 is arranged around the battery cell 3, the end plate 1, and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21. Under the binding of the cable tie 41, the battery cell 3, the end plate 1, and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 are combined into a whole. In order to further ensure the overall structural strength of the battery module, the battery cell 3 and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21, as well as the end plate 1 and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21, can be bonded with thermally conductive adhesive. In order to avoid hard friction between the end plate 1 and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21, a cushioning structure such as a foam pad can be provided on the side of the end plate 1 facing the compressible liquid cooling plate 21. In some embodiments of this application, the connector 4 can also be a pull rod, which connects two end plates 1 so as to clamp and fix the battery cell 3 and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 between the two end plates 1. The pull rod and end plate 1 can be connected by a threaded connection, i.e., the end plate 1 has a threaded hole, the end of the pull rod has an external thread, and the external thread of the pull rod mates with the threaded hole of the end plate 1. Alternatively, the end plate 1 and the pull rod can be connected by a fastener, i.e., the end plate 1 has a through hole, the end of the pull rod has an external thread, and after the pull rod passes through the through hole, a nut is threadedly connected to its end. The nut abuts against the side of the end plate 1 facing away from the battery cell 3 to maintain the preload between the battery cell 3, the end plate 1, and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21.

[0050] The compressible liquid cooling plate 21 can be compressed and deformed under the pressure of the battery cell 3, absorbing the volume expansion of the battery cell 3. This provides a certain constraint on the expansion of the battery cell 3, preventing excessive expansion and thus ensuring the cycle life of the battery cell 3. Due to the expansion of the battery cell 3, the distance between the compressible liquid cooling plates 21 will also change. The flexible tube 22 can deform accordingly to adapt to the change in distance between the compressible liquid cooling plates 21. This prevents leakage between the flexible tube 22 and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21, avoiding the impact of the battery cell 3's expansion on the heat exchange capacity and efficiency between the battery cell 3 and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21. Therefore, by adopting the above structure, the heat dissipation capacity and effect of the battery module can be improved while preventing the expansion capacity of the battery cell 3 from being affected, and also preventing the expansion of the battery cell 3 from affecting the heat dissipation capacity of the compressible liquid cooling plate 21. This helps to ensure the service life of the battery module, thereby reducing the maintenance and replacement costs of the energy storage system.

[0051] In some embodiments of this application, optionally, the battery module has a second direction Y and a third direction Z, wherein the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z intersect but are not coplanar. Specifically, the included angle between any two of the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z can be an acute angle, a right angle, or even an obtuse angle, and any one direction intersects the plane containing the other two directions. In some embodiments of this application, preferably, the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z are three mutually orthogonal and non-coplanar directions. In some embodiments of this application, the battery module can have a cubic structure, in which case the length direction of the battery module can be parallel to the first direction X, the width direction of the battery module can be parallel to the second direction Y, and the height direction of the battery module can be parallel to the third direction Z.

[0052] refer to Figure 3 The compressible liquid cooling plate 21 includes an outer shell 211 and partitions 212, wherein the outer shell 211 is the external main body of the compressible liquid cooling plate 21. In some embodiments of this application, the outer shell 211 is specifically a plate-shaped hollow structure with an internal cavity 2111 extending along the second direction Y. The outer shell 211 has two side plates 2112 arranged at intervals along the first direction X, and the side plates 2112 contact the battery cell 3 to realize heat exchange between the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 and the battery cell 3. The partitions 212 are connected between the two side plates 2112, and multiple partitions are arranged along the third direction Z to divide the internal cavity 2111 of the outer shell 211 into multiple flow channels 2111a extending along the second direction Y. The included angle between the partition 212 and the side plate 2112 is acute or obtuse. Specifically, the angle between the partition 212 and the side plate 2112 can be 30 degrees, 60 degrees, 120 degrees, 150 degrees, etc. When the battery cell 3 expands, the side plate 2112 will be subjected to the compressive force of the battery cell 3. Since the included angle between the partition 212 and the side plate 2112 is acute or obtuse, the partition 212 is prone to plastic deformation under the compressive force of the battery cell 3. At this time, the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 is compressed and absorbs the expansion of the battery cell 3. Under the support of the end plate 1, the compressed compressible liquid cooling plate 21 can still exert a certain constraint on the battery cell 3 to prevent the battery cell 3 from expanding excessively. The above configuration can simplify the structure of the compressible liquid cooling plate 21, so that the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 can be directly processed by extrusion molding or other methods. The compressible liquid cooling plate 21 is preferably made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, which facilitates the processing of the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 and also helps to ensure the thermal conductivity of the compressible liquid cooling plate 21. Under the same volume, using aluminum or aluminum profiles for the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 also helps to reduce the weight of the compressible liquid cooling plate 21.

[0053] refer to Figure 4In some embodiments of this application, optionally, the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 includes a first portion 21a and a second portion 21b disposed along a third direction Z. Along the second direction Y, the two ends of the first portion 21a protrude from the battery cell 3, and the end of the second portion 21b is flush with or recessed relative to the battery cell 3. In other words, along the second direction Y, the distance between the opposite ends of the first portion 21a is greater than the distance between the opposite ends of the second portion 21b, so that a gap is formed between the two ends of the second portion 21b and the first portion 21a. The two ends of the first portion 21a protrude from the battery cell 3, which facilitates the connection of the flexible tube 22. The flexible tube 22 can have a wider arrangement space and is less susceptible to interference from structures such as the battery cell 3. The end of the second portion 21b is flush with or recessed relative to the battery cell 3, which can avoid the connection member 4 such as the cable tie 41 and the pull rod. The connection member 4 such as the cable tie 41 and the pull rod can contact the battery cell 3 along the second direction Y, so that the battery cell 3 can also be limited by the connection member 4 in the second direction Y.

[0054] Preferably, in some embodiments of this application, along the second direction Y, the end of the second portion 21b is flush with the battery cell 3 to facilitate alignment between the battery cell 3 and the second portion 21b. Alternatively, either end of the second portion 21b along the second direction Y is recessed inwards from the battery cell 3 by a certain distance. This distance is preferably maintained between 3mm and 5mm, specifically, it can be 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, etc. The distance by which the end of the first portion 21a protrudes from the battery cell 3 along the second direction Y depends on the actual heat dissipation requirements and voltage drop, and will not be elaborated here.

[0055] refer to Figure 5 In some embodiments of this application, optionally, the liquid cooling assembly 2 includes a first water collection block 23 and a second water collection block 24. Along the second direction Y, one end of the first portion 21a is connected to the first water collection block 23, and the other end of the first portion 21a is connected to the second water collection block 24.

[0056] The shape and size of water block 23 in episode 1 can be determined according to actual needs, for example, refer to Figure 6 In some embodiments of this application, the first water collection block 23 may be a cubic structure. Alternatively, the first water collection block 23 may also be a columnar structure. The first water collection block 23 has an independent and non-communicating inlet chamber 231 and a return chamber 232, wherein the inlet chamber 231 is connected to a portion of the flow channels 2111a within the first part 21a, and the return chamber 232 is connected to the remaining flow channels 2111a within the first part 21a. (See reference...) Figure 7 The shape and size of the second water collecting block 24 can also be set according to actual needs. The second water collecting block 24 has a water collecting cavity 241, and the water collecting cavity 241 is connected to all the flow channels 2111a in the first part 21a. Reference Figure 5 As indicated by the dashed arrow, when refrigerant such as water or ethylene glycol is introduced, the refrigerant can flow through the inlet chamber 231 into a portion of the flow channel 2111a of the first part 21a. Since the second water collector 24 connects all the flow channels 2111a of the first part 21a, the refrigerant can flow from a portion of the flow channel 2111a of the first part 21a through the second water collector 24 into another portion of the flow channel 2111a, and finally flow out through the return chamber 232. The first water collector 23 and the second water collector 24 can be made of metal and connected to the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 by welding. Alternatively, the first water collector 23 and the second water collector 24 can be made of rubber, plastic, or other materials and connected to the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 by bonding, plugging, or other methods.

[0057] Since the first water collection block 23 and the second water collection block 24 are only connected to the flow channel 2111a of the first part 21a, they will not interfere with the battery cell 3 and the connector 4. This facilitates the installation of the first water collection block 23 and the second water collection block 24. Although no refrigerant flows into the second part 21b, there is heat transfer between the second part 21b and the first part 21a, so the second part 21b can still exchange heat with the battery cell 3 to a certain extent. The first part 21a and the second part 21b are supported between two adjacent battery cells 3, which helps to ensure that the two adjacent battery cells 3 can receive more comprehensive support. When applying preload, this helps to prevent the battery cells 3 from tilting due to uneven force, and also prevents the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 from being locally crushed due to the tilt of the battery cells 3.

[0058] refer to Figure 8 In some embodiments of this application, optionally, multiple first water collection blocks 23 and second water collection blocks 24 are provided, and any compressible liquid cooling plate 21 is connected to one first water collection block 23 and one second water collection block 24 respectively. In other words, the number of first water collection blocks 23 and second water collection blocks 24 is the same as the number of compressible liquid cooling plates 21.

[0059] refer to Figure 8The first water collection block 23 includes an inlet nozzle 233 and a return nozzle 234, with inlet nozzles 233 and return nozzles 234 located on both sides of the first water collection block 23. The inlet nozzle 233 communicates with the inlet chamber 231, and the return nozzle 234 communicates with the return chamber 232. Correspondingly, multiple flexible pipes 22 are provided. Along the first direction X, the inlet nozzle 233 between any two adjacent first water collection blocks 23 is connected to one flexible pipe 22. That is, in two adjacent first water collection blocks 23 arranged along the first direction X, each first water collection block 23 has an inlet nozzle 233 located within the interval between the two first water collection blocks 23, and the inlet nozzle 233 located between the two first water collection blocks 23 is connected by a flexible pipe 22. The return nozzle 234 between any two adjacent first water collection blocks 23 is connected to another flexible pipe 22. In two adjacent first water collection blocks 23 arranged along the first direction X, each first water collection block 23 has a return water nozzle 234 located in the interval between the two first water collection blocks 23, and the return water nozzles 234 between the two first water collection blocks 23 are connected by a flexible pipe 22. With the connection of the flexible pipe 22, the inlet nozzles 233 of each first water collection block 23 are connected in series, and the return water nozzles 234 of each first water collection block 23 are connected in series, thereby realizing the series connection between the compressible liquid cooling plate 21. This facilitates the series connection of the compressible liquid cooling plate 21, and also helps to reduce the resistance of the refrigerant during flow, so as to improve the flow efficiency of the refrigerant in the liquid cooling assembly 2, and thus improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling assembly 2. On the other hand, when the battery cell 3 expands, the distance between the compressible liquid cooling plates 21 increases. Since the flexible tube 22 is connected in series between two adjacent water inlets 233, the stretching direction of the flexible tube 22 when the distance between the compressible liquid cooling plates 21 increases is close to the direction in which the compressible liquid cooling plates 21 move away from each other. This allows the deformation of the flexible tube 22 to approach the increase in the distance between the two adjacent compressible liquid cooling plates 21, which helps reduce unnecessary deformation of the flexible tube 22 and thus reduces its deformation. The flexible tube 22, water inlets 233, and return water inlets 234 are preferably of standard dimensions. For example, in some embodiments of this application, the flexible tube 22 is a DN12 pipe. The diameter of the flexible tube 22, the spacing and relative position of the water inlets 233 and return water inlets 234 on the same first water collection block 23 can be specifically determined based on factors such as heat dissipation requirements, pressure drop, and space layout requirements, and will not be elaborated here.

[0060] The number of the first water collection block 23, the second water collection block 24, and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 can be set according to actual needs. For example, when there are nine compressible liquid cooling plates 21, there are also nine first water collection blocks 23 and nine second water collection blocks 24. Each compressible liquid cooling plate 21 is connected to one first water collection block 23 and one second water collection block 24. At this time, along the first direction X, the nine first water collection blocks 23 and the nine second water collection blocks 24 are arranged at intervals relative to each other along the first direction X. Each first water collection block 23 is provided with a water inlet 233 and a water return 234 on both sides along the first direction X. Two adjacent water inlets 233 and two adjacent water return 234 in the first direction X are connected by a flexible pipe 22. The flexible pipe 22 and the water inlet 233, and the flexible pipe 22 and the water return 234 can be connected by adhesive or by clamp.

[0061] In some embodiments of this application, both the first water collection block 23 and the second water collection block 24 may be provided with a communicating cavity that communicates with all the flow channels 2111a of the first part 21a. The first water collection block 23 is provided with a water inlet structure communicating with the communicating cavity, and the second water collection block 24 is provided with a water return structure communicating with the communicating cavity. The water inlet structures on two adjacent first water collection blocks 23 along the first direction are connected by a flexible pipe 22, and the water return structures on two adjacent second water collection blocks 24 along the first direction are connected by another flexible pipe 22, so as to realize the linear flow of refrigerant in the compressible liquid cooling plate 21.

[0062] refer to Figure 1In some embodiments of this application, optionally, the connector 4 includes a cable tie 41, which surrounds the end plate 1, the compressible liquid cooling plate 21, and the battery cell 3, and is positioned opposite to the second part 21b along the second direction Y. This ensures that the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 and the cable tie 41 do not interfere with each other, which is beneficial for ensuring that the cable tie 41 and the battery cell 3 are in close contact in the second direction Y. On the one hand, the cable tie 41 can be used to limit the battery cell 3 in the second direction Y, which is beneficial for improving the overall structural strength of the battery module. On the other hand, this also ensures that the cable tie 41 is fully taut, which is beneficial for ensuring the preload between the end plate 1, the battery cell 3, and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21. In some embodiments of this application, the battery module as a whole is a cubic structure, and correspondingly, the cable tie 41 is a rectangular frame structure surrounded by steel strips. The two straight edges of the cable tie 41, which are positioned opposite each other along the first direction X, are respectively in contact with the end plate 1, and the two straight edges of the cable tie 41, which are positioned opposite each other along the second direction Y, are respectively in contact with the battery cell 3. With the cable tie 41 connected, the end plate 1, the battery cell 3, and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 remain in contact in the first direction X to constrain the expansion of the battery cell 3 during use. In some embodiments of this application, the cable tie 41 is preferably made of a metal material with good strength, such as 201 stainless steel. Along the third direction, the width of the second part 21b depends on the width of the cable tie 41. The width of the second part 21b is the distance from the side of the second part 21b away from the first part 21a along the third direction Z to the side of the first part 21a towards the second part 21b along the third direction Z. The width of the cable tie 41 is determined according to the actual expansion capacity of the battery cell 3 at the end of the cycle, which will not be elaborated here.

[0063] refer to Figure 4 In some embodiments of this application, optionally, two second portions 21b are spaced apart along the third direction Z, and the first portion 21a is disposed between the two second portions 21b. Since no refrigerant is introduced into the second portions 21b, the first portion 21a being disposed between the two second portions 21b along the third direction Z ensures that the core area of ​​the battery cell 3 receives sufficient refrigerant cooling, thereby guaranteeing the heat dissipation capacity and efficiency of the battery cell 3. (Reference) Figure 2Along the second direction Y, any second part 21b is positioned opposite to at least one cable tie 41. Specifically, any second part 21b can be positioned opposite to one cable tie 41, in which case the entire battery module has two cable ties 41, and the position of each cable tie 41 corresponds to a second part 21b along the second direction Y. Alternatively, any second part 21b can be positioned opposite to two cable ties 41, in which case the entire battery module has four cable ties 41. Any second part 21b can also be positioned opposite to three, four, or even more cable ties 41, which will not be elaborated further here. This improves the binding effect of the cable ties 41, further enhancing the structural strength of the battery module and preventing disintegration under harsh environments such as vibration. Simultaneously, this also effectively maintains the pre-tightening force between the end plate 1, the compressible liquid cooling plate 21, and the battery cell 3. When one cable tie 41 breaks, the end plate 1, the compressible liquid cooling plate 21, and the battery cell 3 can still be held together by the remaining cable ties 41, preventing the battery cell 3 from losing its constraint and over-expanding.

[0064] refer to Figure 4 In some embodiments of this application, optionally, the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 includes at least two sub-plates 21c, which are independent of each other and arranged side by side along the third direction Z. This means that the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 between any two adjacent cells 3 along the first direction X is composed of at least two sub-plates 21c. Specifically, the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 can be composed of two sub-plates 21c, or it can be composed of three, four, five or even more sub-plates 21c. This facilitates the processing of the compressible liquid cooling plate 21, making it easier to manufacture and reducing the processing cost. For example, when the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 is manufactured by aluminum extrusion molding, the size of the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 along the third direction Z is limited by the processing technology. When the size of the cell 3 along the third direction Z exceeds this range, it means that the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 cannot cover the cell 3, and some areas between two adjacent cells 3 cannot be supported by the compressible liquid cooling plate 21. The compressible liquid cooling plate 21 is composed of at least two sub-plates 21c. The size limitations caused by the processing technology can be overcome by combining the sub-plates 21c, so that the size of the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 can be fully matched with the size of the battery cell 3.

[0065] Specifically, in some embodiments of this application, the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 is composed of two sub-plates 21c. Parts of the two sub-plates 21c are combined to form the aforementioned first part 21a, and the remaining parts of the two sub-plates 21c form the aforementioned second part 21b. The water inlet chamber 231 of the aforementioned first water collecting block 23 is connected to the flow channel 2111a of one of the sub-plates 21c located in the first part 21a, and the water return chamber 232 is connected to the flow channel 2111a of the other sub-plate 21c located in the first part 21a. The water collecting chamber 241 of the second water collecting block 24 is connected to all the flow channels 2111a of the two sub-plates 21c located in the first part 21a, so as to realize the series connection of the two sub-plates 21c.

[0066] Alternatively, in some embodiments of this application, the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 may also be composed of three sub-plates 21c. The three sub-plates 21c are arranged along a third direction, with the middle sub-plate 21c and portions of the other two sub-plates 21c forming the aforementioned first part 21a, and the remaining portions of the other two sub-plates 21c forming the aforementioned second part 21b. The inlet chamber 231 of the aforementioned first water collecting block 23 communicates with a portion of the flow channels 2111a located in the first part 21a, and the return chamber 232 communicates with the remaining flow channels 2111a located in the first part 21a. The water collecting chamber 241 of the second water collecting block 24 communicates with all the flow channels 2111a located within the first part 21a.

[0067] Alternatively, in some embodiments of this application, the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 may also be composed of three sub-plates 21c. The three sub-plates 21c are arranged along a third direction, with the middle sub-plate 21c forming the aforementioned first part 21a, and the remaining two sub-plates 21c forming the aforementioned second part 21b. The inlet chamber 231 of the aforementioned first water collecting block 23 communicates with a portion of the flow channels 2111a located in the first part 21a, and the return chamber 232 communicates with the remaining flow channels 2111a located in the first part 21a. The water collecting chamber 241 of the second water collecting block 24 communicates with all the flow channels 2111a located within the first part 21a.

[0068] Between two adjacent cells 3 along the first direction X, sub-board bodies 21c can also be set with four, five, or even more, the specific number of which can be determined according to actual needs. Based on this, the division between sub-board bodies 21c and the first part 21a and the second part 21b can be set according to actual needs. Correspondingly, the connection method between the first water collection block 23, the second water collection block 24 and each sub-board body 21c can also be adapted, which will not be elaborated here.

[0069] refer to Figure 2In some embodiments of this application, optionally, the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 includes an insulating thermally conductive structure 213, which is located on the side of the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 facing the battery cell 3. During installation, the insulating thermally conductive structure 213 contacts the battery cell 3 to achieve insulation protection between the battery cell 3 and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21. Since the insulating thermally conductive structure 213 has good thermal conductivity, the setting of the insulating thermally conductive pad can also prevent the heat exchange capacity between the battery cell 3 and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 from being affected.

[0070] Specifically, in some embodiments of this application, the insulating thermally conductive structure 213 can be an insulating thermally conductive pad, which is connected to the main body of the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 by adhesive bonding. Preferably, the insulating thermally conductive structure 213 can also be an insulating thermally conductive layer covering the surface of the main body of the compressible liquid cooling plate 21. The insulating thermally conductive layer can be applied to the surface of the main body of the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 by spraying or other methods, and its thickness should not be too thick to avoid affecting the heat exchange capacity between the battery cell 3 and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21. The thickness of the insulating thermally conductive layer should also not be too thin to avoid affecting the insulation and protection effect between the battery cell 3 and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21. Preferably, in some embodiments of this application, the thickness of the insulating thermally conductive layer is 200 μm. The material of the insulating thermally conductive structure 213 can be epoxy resin or thermally conductive silicone, etc., which have good insulation and thermal conductivity.

[0071] refer to Figure 1 In some embodiments of this application, optionally, along the third direction Z, the end of the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 is flush with the end plate 1 and the battery cell 3. This facilitates alignment of the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 with the end plate 1 and the battery cell 3 during battery module assembly. It also helps ensure that adjacent battery cells 3 receive more comprehensive support. When applying preload, this helps prevent misalignment between battery cells 3 due to uneven force distribution, and also prevents localized crushing of the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 due to misalignment of the battery cells 3.

[0072] In some embodiments of this application, optionally, the thickness of the side plate 2112 along the first direction X is δ, and the thickness δ of the side plate 2112 is greater than or equal to 0.4 mm and less than or equal to 0.8 mm. Specifically, the thickness δ of the side plate 2112 can be 0.4 mm, 0.45 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.55 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.65 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.75 mm, 0.8 mm, etc. This can reduce the strength and rigidity of the side plate 2112, which is beneficial to improving the deformation and compression capacity of the compressible liquid cooling plate 21, thereby ensuring the ability of the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 to absorb the expansion of the battery cell 3.

[0073] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage device. The energy storage device described in this application includes any of the battery modules described in the first aspect. The battery module includes end plates 1, liquid cooling components 2, battery cells 3, and connectors 4. Two end plates 1 are arranged at intervals along a first direction X. The liquid cooling component 2 includes a compressible liquid cooling plate 21 and a flexible tube 22. Multiple compressible liquid cooling plates 21 are arranged between the two end plates 1 at intervals. A battery cell 3 is arranged between any two adjacent compressible liquid cooling plates 21 to allow sufficient heat exchange between the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 and the battery cell 3. The flexible tube 22 communicates with the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 to allow refrigerant to flow into or out of the compressible liquid cooling plate 21. Connectors 4 connect the two end plates 1 so that the end plates 1, the compressible liquid cooling plate 21, and the battery cells 3 abut against each other along the first direction X.

[0074] Under normal conditions, there is a preload force between the battery cell 3, the compressible liquid cooling plate 21, and the end plate 1, and the battery cell 3 is compressed by the compressible liquid cooling plate 21. Heat exchange can occur between the battery cell 3 and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 to prevent overheating. With long-term cycling, the battery cell 3 will expand. At this time, the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 can undergo compression deformation under the compression of the battery cell 3 to absorb the volume expansion. Supported by the end plate 1 and the connector 4, the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 also provides a certain degree of constraint to prevent excessive expansion of the battery cell 3. Affected by the expansion of the battery cell 3, the distance between the compressible liquid cooling plates 21 will also change. At this time, the flexible tube 22 can deform to adapt to the change in distance between the compressible liquid cooling plates 21. This prevents leakage between the flexible tube 22 and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21, ensuring the normal inflow and outflow of refrigerant within the compressible liquid cooling plate 21. This also prevents the heat exchange between the battery cell 3 and the compressible liquid cooling plate 21 from being affected by the expansion of the battery cell 3. Using this battery module avoids a decrease in cycle life and heat dissipation capacity, thus extending the lifespan of the battery module in the energy storage device and reducing the operating cost of the energy storage device.

[0075] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0076] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or at least two of the features. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "at least two" means two or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0077] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "left", "right", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0078] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0079] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or at least two embodiments or examples.

[0080] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized by, The battery module has a first direction (X) and includes: End plates (1), two end plates (1) are provided at relative intervals along the first direction (X); Liquid cooling assembly (2), the liquid cooling assembly (2) includes a compressible liquid cooling plate (21) and a flexible tube (22), the compressible liquid cooling plate (21) is disposed between two end plates (1) and there are multiple such plates, the multiple compressible liquid cooling plates (21) are spaced apart along the first direction (X), and the flexible tube (22) is connected to the compressible liquid cooling plate (21); The battery cell (3) is provided in multiple ways. Along the first direction (X), the battery cell (3) is provided between any two adjacent compressible liquid cooling plates (21). The end plate (1), the compressible liquid cooling plate (21) and the battery cell (3) abut against each other along the first direction (X). Connector (4), which connects the two end plates (1).

2. The battery module of claim 1, wherein, The battery module has a second direction (Y) and a third direction (Z), wherein the first direction (X), the second direction (Y), and the third direction (Z) intersect but are not coplanar; The compressible liquid cooling plate (21) includes an outer shell (211) and a partition (212). The outer shell (211) has an inner cavity (2111) extending along the second direction (Y) and includes two side plates (2112) spaced apart from each other along the first direction (X). The partition (212) is connected between the two side plates (2112), and the included angle between the partition (212) and the side plate (2112) is an acute angle or an obtuse angle. The partition (212) has a plurality of partitions along the third direction (Z) and divides the inner cavity (2111) into a plurality of flow channels (2111a) extending along the second direction (Y).

3. The battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The compressible liquid cooling plate (21) includes a first part (21a) and a second part (21b), the first part (21a) and the second part (21b) are arranged side by side along the third direction (Z); along the second direction (Y), the two ends of the first part (21a) protrude from the battery cell (3), and the end of the second part (21b) is flush with the battery cell (3) or recessed relative to the battery cell (3).

4. The battery module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The liquid cooling assembly (2) includes a first water collection block (23) and a second water collection block (24). Along the second direction (Y), one end of the first part (21a) is connected to the first water collection block (23), and the other end of the first part (21a) is connected to the second water collection block (24). The first water collection block (23) has an inlet chamber (231) and a return chamber (232). The inlet chamber (231) and the return chamber (232) are independent of each other and not connected. The inlet chamber (231) is connected to a portion of the flow channel (2111a) in the first part (21a), and the return chamber (232) is connected to the remaining flow channels (2111a) in the first part (21a). The second water collection block (24) has a water collection chamber (241), which is connected to all the flow channels (2111a) in the first part (21a).

5. The battery module of claim 4, wherein, The first water collection block (23) includes an inlet nozzle (233) and a return nozzle (234). The inlet nozzle (233) is connected to the inlet chamber (231), and the return nozzle (234) is connected to the return chamber (232). Multiple first water collection blocks (23) and second water collection blocks (24) are provided, and any one of the compressible liquid cooling plates (21) is connected to one first water collection block (23) and one second water collection block (24) respectively; along the first direction (X), the water inlet (233) and the water return (234) are provided on both sides of the first water collection block (23). The flexible pipe (22) is provided in multiple ways. Along the first direction (X), the inlet (233) between any two adjacent first water collection blocks (23) is connected to one flexible pipe (22), and the return nozzle (234) between any two adjacent first water collection blocks (23) is connected to another flexible pipe (22).

6. The battery module of claim 3, wherein, The connector (4) includes a cable tie (4a) which surrounds the end plate (1), the compressible liquid cooling plate (21) and the battery cell (3) and is disposed opposite to the second part (21b) along the second direction (Y).

7. The battery module of claim 6, wherein, The second part (21b) is provided at two intervals along the third direction (Z), and the first part (21a) is provided between the two second parts (21b); along the second direction (Y), each second part (21b) is provided opposite to at least one of the cable ties (4a).

8. The battery module of any one of claims 2-7, wherein, The compressible liquid cooling plate (21) includes at least two sub-plate bodies (21c), which are independent of each other and arranged side by side along the third direction (Z).

9. The battery module of any one of claims 1-7, wherein, The compressible liquid cooling plate (21) includes an insulating thermally conductive structure (213) located on the side of the compressible liquid cooling plate (21) facing the battery cell (3) and in contact with the battery cell (3).

10. The battery module of any one of claims 2-7, wherein, Along the third direction (Z), the end of the compressible liquid cooling plate (21) is flush with the end plate (1) and the battery cell (3).

11. The battery module of any one of claims 2-7, wherein, Along the first direction (X), the thickness of the side plate (2112) is δ, 0.4mm≤δ≤0.8mm.

12. An energy storage device, characterized by, The energy storage device includes the battery module as described in any one of claims 1-11.

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