Battery device and electric device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of batteries, and provides a battery device and a power utilization device. The battery monomer comprises a box body, a battery monomer assembly, a beam structure and an elastic structure which are all arranged in the box body. At least one side of the battery monomer assembly is opposite to and spaced from the side wall of the box body. The battery monomer assembly is in force transmission cooperation with the side wall of the box body through the beam structure and the elastic structure arranged in sequence. The battery device and the power utilization device provided by the application can reduce the reliability risks such as rupture of the diaphragm and internal short circuit of the battery monomer assembly caused by local overvoltage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of battery technology, and in particular relates to a battery device and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles and energy storage systems, the safety and lifespan of power battery cells have become critical bottlenecks. Existing battery devices generally employ rigid frame structures (such as extruded aluminum alloy profiles or steel frames) to clamp and fix the battery cells, providing mechanical support and thermal management. This type of structure suffers from at least the following problems: Cyclic expansion of the battery cells leads to stress concentration, easily causing battery cell bulging, separator rupture, internal short circuits, and other safety hazards, severely reducing battery cycle life. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above problems, this application provides a battery device and an electrical device, which aims to reduce the reliability risk caused by local overvoltage in battery cell components.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery device, including a housing and battery cell assemblies, beam structures, and elastic structures all disposed within the housing. At least one side of the battery cell assembly is opposite to and spaced apart from the side wall of the housing. The battery cell assembly forms a force transmission cooperation with the side wall of the housing through the sequentially arranged beam structures and elastic structures.

[0005] The battery device provided in this application embodiment has at least one side of the battery cell assembly facing and spaced apart from the side wall of the housing, with a beam structure and an elastic structure between them for force transmission. When the battery cell assembly expands, the uniformly distributed expansion force generated on its surface can first be borne by the beam structure and transmitted to the elastic structure; then, through the self-compression deformation of the elastic structure, the received pressure is redistributed evenly, and the expansion energy is buffered and dissipated. Therefore, by adopting the solution provided in this embodiment, the risk of stress concentration (i.e., the generation of local point loads or line loads) caused by local bulging or tilting of the battery cell can be reduced, thereby reducing the reliability risks such as separator rupture and internal short circuit caused by local overpressure of the battery cell assembly, and delaying the aging process of battery bulging.

[0006] In some possible implementations, the battery cell assembly includes a first face and a second face at an angle, the first face corresponding to the large face of the battery cell in the battery cell assembly, and the second face corresponding to the side face of the battery cell in the battery cell assembly; the elastic structure includes a first elastic element, which is opposite to and spaced apart from the first face; the beam structure includes a first beam, which is disposed between the first face and the first elastic element.

[0007] The solution provided in this embodiment provides a first beam and a first elastic element on the outer side of the first surface corresponding to the large surface. This allows for the directional bearing and buffering of expansion forces in that direction, thereby reducing reliability risks such as separator rupture and internal short circuits caused by local overpressure in battery cells and delaying the aging process of battery bulging.

[0008] In some possible implementations, the elastic structure includes a second elastic element, which is opposite to and spaced apart from the second surface; the beam structure includes a second beam, which is located between the second surface and the second elastic element.

[0009] The second beam and the second elastic element can provide lateral impact protection. Furthermore, when a battery cell expands, its second surface also releases some expansion force. In this case, the second beam and the second elastic element can also absorb some of the expansion force released from the second surface of the battery cell, meaning they also possess a certain degree of expansion management capability.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the stiffness of the first elastic element is greater than the stiffness of the second elastic element.

[0011] Thus, under the same amount of compression, the first elastic element can provide a greater preload to clamp the battery cell assembly, while the second elastic element can buffer external impact forces with less stiffness.

[0012] In some possible implementations, the first elastic element includes a spring.

[0013] The first elastic component includes a spring. It has a relatively independent structure and can be assembled in a simple way using bolts, slots, etc. It has good mechanical consistency and is not prone to permanent compression deformation or aging failure after long-term use, which is beneficial for the replacement and maintenance of battery cell components, the first elastic component, etc.

[0014] In some possible implementations, the second elastic element comprises a non-Newtonian fluid.

[0015] The second elastic component includes a non-Newtonian fluid. Under normal conditions, the non-Newtonian fluid exhibits soft and low-stiffness fluid characteristics, which can adaptively fill the gap between the second surface of the battery cell assembly and the side wall of the casing, achieving uniform pressure distribution and conforming to the cyclic expansion of the battery cell without generating local stress concentration. Once the casing is subjected to high-speed impacts such as collisions, its viscosity will increase sharply and instantaneously, becoming a solid-like substance to provide strong rigid support. At the same time, it will dissipate the impact kinetic energy by converting it into heat energy through internal friction, thereby achieving intelligent protection that "becomes stronger when encountering strong forces," taking into account both daily service life and safety protection under extreme working conditions.

[0016] In some possible implementations, the housing includes a support member for carrying the battery cell assembly; the battery device also includes a limiting member, which is opposite to and spaced apart from the support member, and both are connected to the first beam; there are two first beams, which are located at both ends of the battery cell assembly, and the first beam, the limiting member and the support member form a closed support structure, which surrounds the battery cell assembly.

[0017] The closed support structure formed by the limiting member, the bearing member, and the first beam, using the solution provided in this embodiment, can provide rigid support in the height direction for the battery cell assembly, and can also form a clamping constraint on the battery cell assembly in the height direction to prevent the individual battery cells in the battery cell assembly from jumping under vibration conditions. In addition, the setting of the limiting member and the bearing member can also reduce the risk of the battery cell being punctured from above or below, thus making the battery device performance stable.

[0018] In some possible implementations, the battery device also includes a resilient connection layer, which is provided between the carrier and the battery cell assembly, and / or between the limiting member and the battery cell assembly.

[0019] The flexible connection layer allows the expansion force of the battery cells to be released, which can reduce the risk of damage to the battery cells.

[0020] In some possible implementations, the resilient bonding layer includes a high-toughness adhesive layer.

[0021] This allows for an optimal engineering balance between fixed connections and flexible buffers, ensuring that the structural connections are both soft enough to absorb deformation and prevent stress damage, and tough enough to resist tearing and withstand long-term fatigue.

[0022] In some possible implementations, at least one of the limiting member and the carrier member is connected to the battery cell assembly by a fastener.

[0023] Using the solution provided in this embodiment, disassembly can be achieved by simply loosening or breaking the fasteners, without damaging the battery cell assembly, the limiting component, or the carrier, thus facilitating maintenance.

[0024] In some possible implementations, fasteners include riveted components.

[0025] The solution provided in this embodiment facilitates disassembly and maintenance because the riveted parts are easily damaged.

[0026] In some possible implementations, at least one beam in the beam structure has a groove on the side facing the side wall of the box, and part of the elastic structure is located in the groove.

[0027] The groove design allows for the positioning and fixation of the elastic structure, and also enables the elastic structure to have a larger length and greater compressibility to meet usage requirements.

[0028] In some possible implementations, at least one beam in the beam structure includes a first section, a second section, and a third section arranged sequentially along the height direction. In the thickness direction of the first section, the thickness of both the first section and the third section is greater than the thickness of the second section, and the sides of the first section, the second section, and the third section that are close to the battery cell assembly are located on the same plane.

[0029] The first, second, and third sections can form the aforementioned grooves without additional processing. The thickness difference created by the grooves provides installation and compression space for the elastic structure. Furthermore, the flush alignment of the first, second, and third sections with the battery cell assembly allows for stable surface contact between the beam and the battery cell assembly. When the beam structure is compressed, pressure is evenly applied to the battery cell assembly through this flush plane, preventing gaps or insufficient local pressure caused by the thinner second section. This balances the long-stroke requirements of the elastic structure with the uniformity of the pressure surface on the battery cell assembly.

[0030] In some possible implementations, the thickness of the first and third sections is the same.

[0031] This allows the sides of the first and third sections facing away from the battery cell assembly to be on the same plane, resulting in a flat beam structure surface. Furthermore, the first and third sections can use components of the same specifications during assembly, eliminating the need to distinguish between types and facilitating component removal and assembly.

[0032] In some possible implementations, at least one beam in the beam structure has a U-shaped cross-section.

[0033] In this way, the aforementioned grooves can be naturally formed on the surface of the beam structure without the need for additional processing.

[0034] In some possible implementations, at least one beam in the beam structure is engaged with the battery cell assembly through an insulating layer for force transmission.

[0035] The installation of an insulation layer can reduce the risk of electrical connection between the beam structure and the battery cell assembly, thus ensuring the stability of the battery device performance.

[0036] In some possible implementations, the insulating layer comprises interconnected polycarbonate structures and cushioning pads.

[0037] This allows the insulation layer to possess both rigid pressure-bearing / insulation and flexible cushioning / adhesion properties.

[0038] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electrical device, including the battery device provided by any of the above solutions.

[0039] The effect of the second aspect is the same as that of the first aspect, so it will not be repeated here.

[0040] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 This application provides structural schematic diagrams of vehicles for some embodiments; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery device provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows an exploded view of the battery device. Figure 4 For along Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along line AA; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of the structure to the left of the dashed line L1; Figure 6 For along Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle BB line; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of the structure to the left of the dashed line L2.

[0042] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are as follows in the specific implementation: 1000, vehicles; 100. Battery assembly; 200. Controller; 300. Motor; 10. Housing; 11. First housing; 12. Second housing; 13. Bearing component; 20a. Battery cell assembly; 20b. First surface; 20c. Second surface; 30. Beam structure; 31. First beam; 32. Second beam; 33. Groove; 34. First section; 35. Second section; 36. Third section; 40. Elastic structure; 41. First elastic element; 42. Second elastic element; 50. Elastic connecting layer; 60. Limiting element; 70. Fastener; Z, altitude direction. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0044] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having” and any variations thereof in the specification, claims and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0045] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0046] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0047] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0048] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0049] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0050] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0051] Unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and optional embodiments of this application can be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0052] Unless otherwise specified, all technical features and optional technical features of this application may be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0053] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles and energy storage systems, the safety and lifespan of power battery cells have become critical bottlenecks. Existing battery devices generally employ rigid frame structures (such as extruded aluminum alloy profiles or steel frames) to clamp and fix the battery cells, providing mechanical support and thermal management. However, such structures have at least the following problems: Cyclic expansion of individual battery cells leads to stress concentration: Lithium-ion battery cells undergo reversible volume expansion during charge and discharge cycles (especially in the thickness direction (i.e., the normal direction of the large surface area), with an expansion rate of 0.5% to 1.2%). Traditional rigid clamping structures cannot release the expansion energy, resulting in uneven pressure between battery cells and excessively high local stress. This can easily lead to safety hazards such as battery cell bulging, separator rupture, and internal short circuits, severely reducing battery cycle life.

[0054] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new module structure design that can actively manage the cyclic expansion of individual battery cells.

[0055] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a battery device. This device has at least one side of a battery cell assembly positioned opposite and spaced from the sidewall of a housing, with a beam structure and an elastic structure between them for force transmission. When the battery cell assembly expands, the uniformly distributed expansion force generated on its surface is first borne by the beam structure and transmitted to the elastic structure; then, through the self-compression deformation of the elastic structure, the received pressure is redistributed evenly, buffering and dissipating the expansion energy. Therefore, the solution provided in this embodiment reduces the risk of stress concentration (i.e., the generation of local point loads or line loads) caused by local bulges or misalignments of the battery cell, thereby reducing reliability risks such as separator rupture and internal short circuits caused by local overpressure in the battery cell assembly, and delaying the aging process of battery bulging.

[0056] The battery device disclosed in this application can be used in electrical devices that use a battery device as a power source. These electrical devices can be, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc., while spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, etc.

[0057] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments will be described using a vehicle 1000 as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1000 provided in some embodiments of this application. The vehicle 1000 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. A battery device 100 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery device 100 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1000. The battery device 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000. For example, the battery device 100 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery device 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, to meet the power needs of the vehicle 1000 during starting, navigation, and driving.

[0059] In some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0060] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery device provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows an exploded view of the battery device. Please refer to... Figure 2 and Figure 3 The battery device 100 mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include one or more battery cell assemblies 20a for providing voltage and capacity. A battery cell assembly may include multiple battery cells, which are connected in series, parallel, or mixed connections via a busbar.

[0061] In some embodiments, the battery cell assembly 20a is typically formed by arranging a plurality of battery cells.

[0062] As an example, battery cell assembly 20a is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells to form a single module. As an example, battery cell assembly 20a can also be formed by bundling multiple battery cells together with cable ties.

[0063] In some embodiments, the battery device 100 may be a battery pack, which includes a housing 10 and one or more battery cell assemblies 20a, the battery cell assemblies 20a being housed in the housing 10.

[0064] As an example, the battery cell assembly can be housed in the housing 10 by fixing the battery cell assembly in the housing 10.

[0065] As an example, the battery cell assembly can also be housed in the housing 10 by directly fixing multiple battery cells to the housing 10.

[0066] As an example, the housing 10 may include a first housing 11 and a second housing 12. The first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are fastened together to form a closed space inside the housing 10 to house the battery cell assembly. Here, "closed" refers to covering or closing, and can be either sealed or unsealed. The first housing 11 may be a top cover or a bottom plate.

[0067] As an example, the housing 10 may include a top cover, a frame, and a bottom plate. The top cover and the bottom plate are respectively connected to the frame, so that the interior of the housing 10 forms an enclosed space to accommodate the battery cell assembly.

[0068] In some embodiments, the housing 10 may be part of the vehicle's chassis structure. For example, a portion of the housing 10 may be at least a portion of the vehicle's floor, or a portion of the housing 10 may be at least a portion of the vehicle's crossbeams and longitudinal beams.

[0069] Each battery cell can be a rechargeable battery, meaning a battery cell that can be recharged after discharge to reactivate its active materials and continue to be used. Battery cells can be lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, lithium metal batteries, sodium metal batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, magnesium-ion batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, lead-acid batteries, etc., and this application does not limit the specific type. Battery cells can have a circular through-body, a flat body, a cuboid, or other shapes.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 This application provides a battery device 100. The battery device 100 includes a housing 10 and battery cell assemblies 20a, beam structures 30, and elastic structures 40 all disposed within the housing 10. At least one side of each battery cell assembly 20a is positioned opposite and spaced apart from the side wall of the housing 10. The battery cell assembly 20a forms a force transmission connection with the side wall of the housing 10 through the sequentially arranged beam structures 30 and elastic structures 40.

[0071] The beam structure 30 refers to the longitudinal stiffener set close to the outside of the battery cell assembly 20a. It can be a metal extruded profile (aluminum profile) or a high-strength steel plate bending part, which has high bending stiffness.

[0072] The beam structure 30 is at least used to withstand the expansion force generated by the battery cell assembly 20a, and to convert the expansion force from a surface load into a line load or a concentrated load and transmit it to the elastic structure 40. The beam structure 30 may include one or more beams, depending on the application requirements.

[0073] The elastic structure 40 can be used to absorb the expansion displacement transmitted by the beam structure 30, and through its own elastic deformation, it can convert the periodic volume change of the battery cell assembly 20a into a constant preload force on the side wall of the housing 10; it can also be used to absorb the side impact energy of the housing 10.

[0074] The elastic structure 40 may include springs, corrugated plates, silicone, non-Newtonian fluid-filled cavities, or composite structures, as long as the structure has a preset elastic modulus in the direction of force.

[0075] At least one side of the battery cell assembly 20a is positioned opposite and spaced apart from the side wall of the housing 10. Specifically, the battery cell assembly 20a contains multiple battery cells, and generally, the large surface and side surface of each battery cell face the side wall of the housing 10. The large surface is the largest surface of the battery cell, and the side surface is the surface connecting two large surfaces without terminals. The beam structure 30 can be located between the large surface and the side wall of the housing 10, between the side surface of the battery cell and the side wall of the housing 10, or partly between the large surface and the side wall of the housing 10 and partly between the side surface of the battery cell and the side wall of the housing 10.

[0076] In this embodiment, the force transmission coordination should be interpreted broadly. It includes force transmission between any two adjacent structures of the battery cell assembly 20a, beam structure 30, elastic structure 40, and sidewall of housing 10 through physical contact, as well as fixed force transmission between any two adjacent structures through bonding, welding, or fasteners 70. As long as the expansion force generated by the battery cell assembly 20a can be transmitted to the sidewall of housing 10 via beam structure 30 and elastic structure 40, it falls under the aforementioned force transmission coordination.

[0077] The force principle of the battery device 100 provided in this application embodiment is as follows: During use, the battery cells in the battery cell assembly 20a expand, exerting an expansion force on the beam structure 30 in contact with them, directed towards the side wall of the housing 10. Under this expansion force, the beam structure 30 translates outward, compressing the elastic structure 40. During this process, the elastic structure 40 stores some of the expansion displacement of the battery cells as elastic potential energy through its own compression deformation, i.e., it absorbs some of the expansion energy, reducing the peak expansion force acting on the beam structure 30. After being buffered by the elastic structure 40, the remaining pressure is transmitted to the side wall of the housing 10.

[0078] During the above process, when the expansion displacement reaches its limit, the gap between the beam structure 30 and the side wall of the box 10 provides mechanical restraint to prevent the elastic structure 40 from being damaged by overload.

[0079] When a battery cell contracts or the sidewall of the housing 10 undergoes reverse displacement due to vibration, the sidewall of the housing 10 applies a reaction force to the battery cell assembly 20a via the elastic structure 40 and the beam structure 30. During this reverse force transmission process, the elastic structure 40 further absorbs at least a portion of the energy of the reaction force through its own elastic deformation to buffer the impact on the battery cell assembly 20a, reduce instantaneous peak stress, thereby effectively suppressing reliability risks such as bulging, diaphragm rupture, and internal short circuits caused by stress concentration, and delaying the aging process of the battery due to local overvoltage.

[0080] The battery device 100 provided in this embodiment has at least one side of the battery cell assembly 20a facing and spaced apart from the side wall of the housing 10, and a beam structure 30 and an elastic structure 40 for force transmission are provided between them. When the battery cell assembly 20a expands, the uniformly distributed expansion force generated on its surface can first be borne by the beam structure 30 and transmitted to the elastic structure 40; then, through the self-compression deformation of the elastic structure 40, the received pressure is redistributed evenly, and the expansion energy is buffered and dissipated. Therefore, by adopting the solution provided in this embodiment, the risk of stress concentration (i.e., the generation of local point loads or line loads) caused by local bulging or tilting of the battery cell can be reduced, thereby reducing the reliability risks such as diaphragm rupture and internal short circuit caused by local overpressure of the battery cell assembly 20a, and delaying the aging process of battery bulging.

[0081] A horizontal clearance is reserved between the side walls of the beam structure 30 and the box body 10 to limit the maximum deformation of the elastic structure 40 and prevent it from being damaged due to overload.

[0082] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the battery cell assembly 20a includes a first surface 20b and a second surface 20c at an angle. The first surface 20b corresponds to the large surface of the battery cell in the battery cell assembly 20a. The second surface 20c corresponds to the side surface of the battery cell in the battery cell assembly 20a.

[0083] The elastic structure 40 includes a first elastic element 41, which is opposite to and spaced apart from the large surface.

[0084] The beam structure 30 includes a first beam 31, which is located between the large surface and the first elastic member 41.

[0085] In this embodiment, the battery cell assembly 20a includes a plurality of battery cells arranged in an array. Each battery cell includes a large surface and side surfaces that are interconnected. In the battery cell assembly 20a, the large surfaces of the outermost battery cells are combined to form a first surface 20b. The side surfaces of the outermost battery cells are combined to form a second surface 20c.

[0086] An elastic component (or elastic element) is a part that utilizes the elastic properties of a material to deform under external force and return to its original shape after the external force is removed, thereby achieving a specific function. The first elastic component 41 may include one or more elastic components, which may be clamped between the first beam 31 and the side wall of the housing 10, or fixed between the first beam 31 and the side wall of the housing 10 by means of screws, adhesive bonding, plugging, etc., depending on the application requirements.

[0087] The first beam 31 (also known as a limiting beam, expansion beam, etc.) is a specialized load-bearing component used to resist and suppress the expansion force of battery cells. Its core function is to withstand the expansion force generated by the battery cells during charge and discharge cycles, and to suppress the deformation of the battery cells through its own structural strength. It is an important "energy-absorbing" and structural reinforcement component inside the battery pack. In addition to resisting deformation, it also plays a role in fixing and limiting the battery cell assembly 20a, preventing the battery cells from shifting position due to expansion, thereby avoiding the risk of short circuits caused by problems such as the detachment of connecting parts (such as aluminum busbars).

[0088] The first beam 31 can be connected to the battery cell assembly 20a through adhesive bonding, fasteners, or other structures.

[0089] During the charging and discharging process, the negative electrode layers inside a battery cell undergo lattice expansion layer by layer in the thickness direction (i.e., the normal direction of the large surface area). Since this direction lacks rigid constraint, the expansion force is mainly concentrated in the large surface area of ​​the battery cell. Therefore, the solution provided in this embodiment sequentially provides a first beam 31 and a first elastic element 41 on the outer side of the first surface 20b corresponding to the large surface area. This allows for the directional bearing and buffering of the expansion force in this direction, thereby reducing the reliability risks of separator rupture and internal short circuits caused by localized overvoltage in the battery cell assembly 20a, and delaying the aging process of battery bulging.

[0090] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the elastic structure 40 includes a second elastic element 42, which is opposite to and spaced apart from the second surface 20c.

[0091] The beam structure 30 includes a second beam 32, which is located between the second surface 20c and the second elastic member 42.

[0092] The second elastic element 42 may include one or more elastic elements, which may be clamped between the second beam 32 and the side wall of the housing 10, or fixed between the second beam 32 and the side wall of the housing 10 by means of screws, adhesive bonding, plugging, etc., depending on the usage requirements.

[0093] The second beam 32 is a longitudinally extending rigid structural member disposed between the second surface 20c of the battery cell assembly 20a and the side wall of the housing 10, and is arranged along the length direction of the second surface 20c. The second beam 32 can be connected to the battery cell assembly 20a by means of adhesive bonding, fasteners, or other structures. The structure and shape of the second beam 32 can be the same as or different from the first beam 31. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the first beam 31 can be rectangular, and the cross-sectional shape of the second beam 32 can also be rectangular, or it can be a channel shape or other shapes.

[0094] In related technologies, rigid frames are difficult to effectively absorb impact energy during side collisions, and individual battery cells are easily squeezed, resulting in local deformation or even puncture, which can lead to thermal runaway risks. Existing anti-collision structures are mostly single metal energy-absorbing components, lacking multi-level buffering and deformation guidance mechanisms, and therefore have insufficient side-impact protection capabilities.

[0095] The force analysis of the solution provided in this embodiment is as follows: When the side wall of the housing 10 is subjected to an external impact, the side wall of the housing 10 will undergo compression / shear deformation due to the force pushing the second elastic element 42, absorbing the first stage of impact energy. The buffered impact force is then transmitted to the battery cell assembly 20a via the second beam 32. This reduces the impact load transmitted to the battery cell assembly 20a, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the battery cell assembly 20a due to rigid impact.

[0096] During the aforementioned process, the second beam 32 can directionally and uniformly transfer the remaining impact force, buffered by the second elastic element 42, to the battery cell assembly 20a. Furthermore, during the stress process, the side wall of the housing 10 (which can be a frame beam) and the second beam 32 may overlap, forming a "double-beam overlapping load-bearing structure," constituting the main load-bearing path. The cavity between the second beam 32 and the side wall of the housing 10 can form an energy-absorbing space, mitigating the impact force and reducing the risk of localized pressure deformation of the battery cell.

[0097] Therefore, the second beam 32 and the second elastic member 42 can provide lateral impact protection. Furthermore, when the battery cell assembly 20a expands, its second surface 20c also releases some of the expansion force. In this case, the second beam 32 and the second elastic member 42 can also absorb some of the expansion force released from the second surface 20c of the battery cell assembly 20a; that is, the second beam 32 and the second elastic member 42 also possess a certain degree of expansion management capability.

[0098] In some embodiments, the stiffness of the first elastic element 41 is greater than the stiffness of the second elastic element 42.

[0099] The stiffness of the first elastic element 41 is greater than that of the second elastic element 42, that is, the elastic restoring force generated by the first elastic element 41 under a unit compression is greater than that generated by the second elastic element 42 under a unit compression.

[0100] Thus, under the same amount of compression, the first elastic element 41 can provide a greater preload to clamp the battery cell assembly 20a, while the second elastic element 42 can buffer external impact forces with less stiffness.

[0101] In some embodiments, the first elastic element 41 includes a spring.

[0102] In this embodiment, the first elastic element 41 may include only a spring, or it may include other elastic elements in addition to a spring, such as a rubber block, a non-Newtonian fluid, etc., depending on the application requirements.

[0103] Springs can be helical springs, disc springs, ring springs, etc.

[0104] The first elastic element 41 includes a spring. It has a relatively independent structure and can be assembled in a simple way such as by bolts or slots. It has good mechanical consistency and is not prone to permanent compression deformation or aging failure after long-term use. It is beneficial for the replacement and maintenance of battery cell assembly 20a, the first elastic element 41, etc.

[0105] In some embodiments, the second elastic element 42 comprises a non-Newtonian fluid.

[0106] Non-Newtonian fluids are fluids that do not obey Newton's law of viscosity, and the relationship between their shear stress and shear strain rate is not linear.

[0107] The second elastic element 42 may include only non-Newtonian fluid, or it may include other elastic materials in addition to non-Newtonian fluid, such as rubber, silicone, etc.

[0108] The second elastic element 42 includes a non-Newtonian fluid. Under normal conditions, the non-Newtonian fluid exhibits soft and low-stiffness fluid characteristics, which can 100% adaptively fill the gap between the second surface 20c of the battery cell assembly 20a and the side wall of the housing 10, achieving uniform pressure distribution and conforming to the cyclic expansion of the battery cell without generating local stress concentration. Once the housing 10 is subjected to high-speed impacts such as collisions, its viscosity will increase sharply and instantaneously, becoming a solid-like substance to provide strong rigid support. At the same time, it will convert the impact kinetic energy into heat energy through internal friction and dissipate it, thereby achieving intelligent protection that "becomes stronger when encountering strong forces," taking into account both daily service life and safety protection under extreme working conditions.

[0109] Figure 4 For along Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along line AA; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of the structure to the left of the dashed line L1.

[0110] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the housing 10 includes a support member 13 for carrying the battery cell assembly 20a.

[0111] The battery device 100 also includes a limiting member 60. The limiting member 60 is opposite to and spaced apart from the bearing member 13, and both are connected to the first beam 31.

[0112] Two first beams 31 are provided and are respectively located at both ends of the battery cell assembly 20a. The first beams 31, the limiting member 60, and the bearing member 13 form a surrounding closed support structure. The closed support structure is arranged around the battery cell assembly 20a.

[0113] The support member 13 is the bottom support structure of the housing 10, used to support at least part of the weight of the battery cell assembly 20a and transfer the gravitational load of the battery cell assembly 20a to other areas of the housing 10 or external mounting interfaces. The support member 13 can be a flat plate, a disc, or a frame structure with reinforcing ribs, and is located at the bottom of the housing 10.

[0114] The limiting member 60 is a structural member disposed on the side of the battery cell assembly 20a away from the support member 13. It is used to cooperate with the support member 13 to clamp and limit the battery cell assembly 20a in the height direction Z, so as to constrain the displacement of each battery cell in the battery cell assembly 20a in the height direction Z.

[0115] Specifically, the limiting member 60 can be a plate-shaped structure, a strip-shaped structure, etc., and its two ends can be connected to the battery cell assembly 20a respectively. The lower surface of the limiting member 60 is opposite to the top surface of the battery cell assembly 20a.

[0116] The limiting member 60 and the bearing member 13 can be connected to the first beam 31 by welding, bolting or other means, respectively.

[0117] In this embodiment, the closed support structure refers to a rectangular closed-loop frame formed on the XOZ plane. The first beam 31, the limiting member 60 located above the battery cell assembly 20a, and the bearing member 13 located below the battery cell assembly 20a are connected in sequence to form a rectangular support frame that is closed in the vertical plane.

[0118] The closed support structure formed by the limiting member 60, the bearing member 13, and the first beam 31, using the solution provided in this embodiment, can provide rigid support in the height direction Z for the battery cell assembly 20a, and can also form a clamping constraint on the battery cell assembly 20a in the height direction Z to prevent the individual battery cells in the battery cell assembly 20a from jumping under vibration conditions. In addition, the setting of the limiting member 60 and the bearing member 13 can also reduce the risk of the battery cells being punctured from above or below, thus making the battery device 100 perform stably.

[0119] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the battery device 100 further includes a resilient connection layer 50. The resilient connection layer 50 is provided between the carrier 13 and the battery cell assembly 20a, and / or between the limiting member 60 and the battery cell assembly 20a.

[0120] The elastic connection layer 50 is an elastic medium layer disposed between the carrier 13 and the battery cell assembly 20a. It establishes an elastic connection between the battery cell assembly 20a and the carrier 13 to absorb relative displacement and transfer load. The elastic connection layer 50 can be connected to the carrier 13, the limiting member 60, or the battery cell assembly 20a by means of adhesive bonding, insertion, or other methods. The elastic connection layer 50 can be a high-toughness adhesive, rubber layer, etc.

[0121] An elastic connection layer 50 is provided between the carrier 13 and the battery cell assembly 20a, and / or between the limiting member 60 and the battery cell assembly 20a, including the following options: an elastic connection layer 50 is provided between the carrier 13 and the battery cell assembly 20a; an elastic connection layer 50 is provided between the limiting member 60 and the battery cell assembly 20a; an elastic connection layer 50 is provided between the carrier 13 and the battery cell assembly 20a, and between the limiting member 60 and the battery cell assembly 20a.

[0122] For ease of description, the stress analysis of the solution provided in this embodiment will be described using the example of an elastic connection layer 50 between the support member 13 and the battery cell assembly 20a: Since the elastic connecting layer 50 is disposed between the support member 13 and the bottom surface of the battery cell assembly 20a, the upper surface of the elastic connecting layer 50 is in contact with the bottom surface of the battery cell assembly 20a, and the contact surface between the two is a horizontal plane. When the battery cell assembly 20a expands horizontally during charging and discharging, the bottom surface of the battery cell assembly 20a generates a horizontal displacement tendency. This displacement tendency is converted into a tangential force (i.e., shear force) acting on the elastic connecting layer 50 through the contact surface, thereby causing the elastic connecting layer 50 to undergo shear deformation.

[0123] This shear deformation allows for slight relative displacement of each battery cell in the horizontal direction, releasing the internal constraint stress caused by inconsistent expansion. On the other hand, the elastic connecting layer 50, through its own shear deformation, transfers and distributes some of the expansion force of the battery cells to adjacent battery cells and the surrounding structure, thereby achieving a dynamic and balanced distribution of expansion force among the battery cells and avoiding compression damage to the battery cells due to local stress concentration.

[0124] Therefore, the elastic connection layer 50 allows the expansion force of the battery cell to be released, which can reduce the risk of damage to the battery cell.

[0125] In some embodiments, the resilient bonding layer 50 includes a high-toughness adhesive layer.

[0126] In this embodiment, the elastic bonding layer 50 may include only a high-toughness adhesive layer, or it may include other adhesive layers or elastic structures in addition to the high-toughness adhesive layer, such as an elastic film, silicone layer, etc., depending on the application requirements.

[0127] In engineering applications (especially battery packs, automotive parts, etc.), "high-toughness adhesive" is not a specific, single chemical name, but rather a general term for a class of adhesives with excellent fracture toughness and high elongation. High toughness is usually achieved by toughening and modifying traditional adhesives. Common types of high-toughness adhesives include, but are not limited to: modified epoxy resins, polyurethane adhesives, and acrylic structural adhesives.

[0128] High-toughness adhesives are structural adhesives with high elongation at break, excellent impact resistance, and fatigue resistance. They possess high strength and low modulus mechanical properties, allowing for a certain degree of tangential displacement in the horizontal direction. When subjected to tensile, shear, or peel loads, they can absorb energy through large deformation without brittle fracture, aiming to provide a reliable yet flexible connection between interfaces of different materials and stiffnesses.

[0129] The elastic connection layer 50 includes a high-toughness adhesive layer that can find an optimal engineering balance between fixed connection and flexible buffer, ensuring that the structural connection is both soft enough to absorb deformation and prevent stress damage, and tough enough to resist tearing and withstand long-term fatigue.

[0130] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, at least one of the limiting member 60 and the carrier member 13 is connected to the battery cell assembly 20a by a fastener 70.

[0131] Fastener 70 can be rivets, screws, etc.

[0132] Using the solution provided in this embodiment, during disassembly, it is only necessary to loosen or destroy the fastener 70 to separate the battery cell assembly 20a from the limiting member 60 or the carrier member 13, without damaging the battery cell assembly 20a, the limiting member 60 and the carrier member 13, which is convenient for maintenance.

[0133] In some embodiments, fastener 70 includes a riveting element.

[0134] Riveting components can be rivets, but can also include connectors and auxiliary mating components (such as washers).

[0135] Traditional modules use high-strength bolts or welding connections, which are difficult to disassemble and assemble, and are not conducive to later maintenance, replacement and tiered utilization.

[0136] The solution provided in this embodiment facilitates disassembly and maintenance because the riveted parts are easily damaged.

[0137] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, at least one beam in the beam structure 30 has a groove 33 on the side facing the side wall of the box body 10, and part of the elastic structure 40 is disposed in the groove 33.

[0138] In beam structure 30, there may be one or more first beams 31 and second beams 32. At least one beam in the above-mentioned beam structure 30 may be one first beam 31, or multiple first beams 31, or one or more second beams 32, or at least one first beam 31 and at least one second beam 32, depending on the application requirements.

[0139] The groove 33 can be naturally formed on the surface of the beam after at least one beam in the beam structure 30 is made, or it can be made by cutting or other means after the beam is made.

[0140] The cross-sectional area of ​​the groove 33 is generally larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the elastic structure 40 corresponding to the beam containing the groove 33. The elastic structure 40 may be located only at its end within the groove 33, or mostly within the groove 33, or only partially within the groove 33, depending on the specific application requirements.

[0141] The groove 33 can be used to position and fix the elastic structure 40, and also allows the elastic structure 40 to have a larger length and greater compressibility to meet the needs of use.

[0142] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, at least one beam in the beam structure 30 includes a first portion 34, a second portion 35, and a third portion 36 arranged sequentially along the height direction Z. In the thickness direction of the first portion 34, the thickness of both the first portion 34 and the third portion 36 is greater than the thickness of the second portion 35, and the sides of the first portion 34, the second portion 35, and the third portion 36 near the battery cell assembly 20a are located on the same plane.

[0143] The first section 34, the second section 35, and the third section 36 refer to the three functional / structural sections of the beam structure 30 body divided along the height direction Z. They can be integrally formed or connected separately. Among them, the second section 35, due to its thinner thickness (forming a concave part), mainly serves the function of connection and clearance.

[0144] The thickness direction of the first section 34 refers to the normal direction of the surface in contact with the beam in the battery cell assembly 20a. When the beam including the first section 34, the second section 35, and the third section 36 is the first beam 31, the thickness direction of the first section 34 is the normal direction of the first surface 20b. When the beam is the second beam 32, the thickness direction of the first section 34 is the normal direction of the second surface 20c.

[0145] The first section 34, the second section 35, and the third section 36 can form the aforementioned groove 33 without additional processing. The thickness difference created by the groove 33 provides installation and compression space for the elastic structure 40. Furthermore, the flush alignment of the first section 34, the second section 35, and the third section 36 with the battery cell assembly 20a ensures stable surface contact between the beam and the battery cell assembly 20a. When the beam structure 30 is compressed, pressure is applied evenly to the battery cell assembly 20a through this flush plane, preventing gaps or insufficient local pressure on the battery cell surface due to the thinner second section 35. This balances the long stroke requirements of the elastic structure 40 with the uniformity of the pressure-bearing surface of the battery cell assembly 20a.

[0146] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the first portion 34 and the third portion 36 have the same thickness.

[0147] This allows the sides of the first section 34 and the third section 36 that are away from the battery cell assembly 20a to be on the same plane, making the surface of the beam structure 30 flat. Furthermore, the first section 34 and the third section 36 can use parts of the same specifications during assembly, eliminating the need to distinguish between types and facilitating parts removal and assembly.

[0148] Figure 6 For along Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle BB line; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of the structure to the left of the dashed line L2.

[0149] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown, in some embodiments, at least one beam in the beam structure 30 has a U-shaped cross-section.

[0150] The cross section refers to the cross-sectional shape obtained by cutting the beam structure with a plane perpendicular to its length 30.

[0151] A U-shaped cross-section refers to a cross-section that is roughly open at one end and closed at the other, and has two opposing sidewalls and a bottom wall, forming a trough-shaped structure.

[0152] In this way, the groove 33 can be naturally formed on the surface of the beam structure 30 without additional processing.

[0153] In some embodiments, at least one beam in the beam structure 30 is engaged with the battery cell assembly 20a through an insulating layer for force transmission.

[0154] The insulating layer is a separating layer made of insulating material placed between the beam structure 30 and the battery cell assembly 20a. Its function is to block the conductive path between the two, but allow the transmission of mechanical forces. The insulating layer can be an insulating sheet, insulating film, insulating board, insulating coating, or insulating pad, etc.

[0155] Beam structures 30 are typically made of metal materials such as aluminum or steel.

[0156] The installation of the insulation layer can reduce the risk of electrical connection between the beam structure 30 and the battery cell assembly 20a, thereby ensuring the stable performance of the battery device 100.

[0157] In some embodiments, the insulating layer includes an interconnected polycarbonate structure and a cushioning pad.

[0158] Polycarbonate (PC) structures refer to components made of polycarbonate materials. They have excellent electrical insulation, high impact strength and dimensional stability. In the insulation layer, they serve as the main structural body or rigid skeleton, responsible for bearing and transmitting mechanical pressure, while providing basic insulation and isolation.

[0159] A buffer pad is a flexible, elastic pad layer made of materials such as foam, rubber, or polyurethane foam. Within the insulation layer, it absorbs tolerances, cushions vibrations, disperses localized stress, and prevents the rigid PC structure from directly damaging the surface of the battery cells. Buffer pads can be made of rubber, sponge, etc., depending on the specific application requirements.

[0160] Polycarbonate structures and cushioning pads can be stacked or bonded together through secondary injection molding, bonding, snap-fitting, coating, etc., to form a component that cannot be separated spontaneously.

[0161] The insulation layer comprises interconnected polycarbonate structures and cushioning pads, enabling it to possess both rigid pressure-bearing / insulating and flexible cushioning / adhesive properties.

[0162] According to some embodiments of this application, this application also provides an electrical device, including a battery device provided by any of the above solutions. The battery device is used to store or provide electrical energy.

[0163] The electrical device can be any of the aforementioned battery-powered devices or systems.

[0164] The electrical device provided in this application embodiment includes the battery device 100 described above and can achieve the same effect, which will not be described in detail here.

[0165] like Figures 2 to 7As shown. One embodiment of this application provides a battery device 100. The battery device 100 includes a housing 10 and battery cell assemblies 20a, beam structures 30, and elastic structures 40 all disposed within the housing 10. At least one side of the battery cell assembly 20a is disposed opposite to and spaced apart from the side wall of the housing 10. The battery cell assembly 20a forms a force transmission engagement with the side wall of the housing 10 through the sequentially arranged beam structures 30 and elastic structures 40.

[0166] The battery cell assembly 20a includes a first surface 20b and a second surface 20c at an angle. The first surface 20b corresponds to the large surface of the battery cell in the battery cell assembly 20a. The second surface 20c corresponds to the side surface of the battery cell in the battery cell assembly 20a.

[0167] The elastic structure 40 includes a first elastic element 41 and a second elastic element 42. The first elastic element 41 is opposite to and spaced apart from the first surface 20b. The second elastic element 42 is opposite to and spaced apart from the second surface 20c. The first elastic element 41 is a helical spring, and the second elastic element 42 contains a non-Newtonian fluid.

[0168] The beam structure 30 includes a first beam 31 and a second beam 32. Both the first beam 31 and the second beam 32 are U-shaped beams and are connected to the battery cell assembly 20a through an insulating layer. The first beam 31 is located between the first surface 20b and the first elastic member 41. The second beam 32 is located between the second surface 20c and the second elastic member 42.

[0169] The insulation layer consists of interconnected polycarbonate structures and cushioning pads.

[0170] The housing 10 includes a support member 13 for carrying the battery cell assembly 20a.

[0171] The battery assembly 100 also includes a limiting member 60. The limiting member 60 is positioned opposite and spaced apart from the support member 13, and both are connected to the first beam 31. Together, they clamp the battery cell assembly 20a. Two first beams 31 are provided, located at opposite ends of the battery cell assembly 20a. The limiting member 60, the support member 13, and the first beams 31 form a closed support structure. The battery cell assembly 20a is disposed within this closed support structure.

[0172] The battery device 100 also includes an elastic connection layer 50. Elastic connection layers 50 are provided between the carrier 13 and the battery cell assembly 20a, and between the limiting member 60 and the battery cell assembly 20a. The elastic connection layer 50 is a high-toughness adhesive layer.

[0173] A horizontal gap of 6.0 mm can be reserved between the first beam 31 and the second beam 32 and the frame of the housing 10. Both the first beam 31 and the second beam 32 can be made of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy extruded profile with a cross-sectional dimension of 100 mm × 24 mm × 2 mm, with the opening facing the side wall of the housing 10. Each battery cell can correspond to three helical springs, each with a diameter of 25 mm, and the distance between two adjacent helical springs can be 25 mm. The dimensions of the non-Newtonian fluid can be 600*30*12 mm³.

[0174] The support component 13, the high-toughness adhesive layer, and the battery cell assembly 20a are fastened together by rivets. The limiting component 60, the high-toughness adhesive layer, and the battery cell assembly 20a are also fastened together by rivets. The high-toughness adhesive layer is a modified silane damping adhesive layer with a thickness of 1.0 mm, a shear modulus of 10 MPa, and a tensile strength ≥9 MPa.

[0175] The battery cell can be a lithium iron phosphate battery cell, with dimensions of 300×100×50mm. The insulation layer is PC combined with an MPP buffer pad, with a thickness of 2.5mm. MPP usually refers to microcellular polypropylene. This is a soft foam material, similar to memory foam or ethylene / vinyl acetate (EVA or E / VAC) lining.

[0176] The support member 13 is the lower housing 10 of the housing 10, and the limiting member 60 is a pressure strip. Both the support member 13 and the limiting member 60 can be made of high-strength sheet metal, preferably metal, and are respectively set on the upper and lower end faces of the beam structure 30, forming a closed support structure with the first beam 31, providing rigid support in the height direction Z for the battery cell assembly 20a. Specifically, both the support member 13 and the limiting member 60 can be made of 2.0mm thick aluminum alloy plate. When the battery assembly 100 is subjected to impact, the support member 13 and the limiting member 60 can maintain the structural integrity and prevent the battery cells from being punctured from the top or bottom.

[0177] The working mechanism of the solution provided in this embodiment is as follows, including battery cell cyclic expansion protection and battery cell side impact protection.

[0178] Battery cell cycle expansion protection: During charging and discharging, the battery cells bulge significantly, propelling them towards the first beam 31. The high-toughness adhesive layer between the support member 13, the limiting member 60, and the first beam 31 undergoes shear deformation, allowing the battery cells to undergo minor displacement while releasing some of the expansion stress. The first beam 31 compresses or deforms the elastic structure 40, absorbing the energy corresponding to the expansion displacement and significantly reducing the peak expansion force. Due to the slight differences in the expansion behavior of each battery cell, the shear deformation capability of the high-toughness adhesive can achieve dynamic balance of expansion forces between battery cells, reducing the difference in expansion forces. When the expansion displacement reaches its limit, the gap between the first beam 31 and the frame beam of the side wall of the housing 10 provides mechanical restraint, preventing the elastic structure 40 from being damaged by overload.

[0179] Battery cell side impact protection: When the battery cell assembly 20a is subjected to a lateral impact, the frame beam of the side wall of the housing 10 is first subjected to force and pushes the elastic structure 40 to undergo compression / shear deformation, absorbing the first stage of impact energy; then the frame beam overlaps with the second beam 32 to form a "double beam overlap load-bearing structure", which constitutes the main load-bearing path; the cavity between the second beam 32 and the frame beam forms an energy-absorbing space, effectively mitigating the impact force and preventing the battery cell from being locally compressed and deformed; during the above process, the load-bearing member 13 and the limiting member 60 maintain the structural integrity and prevent the battery cell from being punctured from the top or bottom.

[0180] Through the dual buffering mechanism of elastic structure 40 and high-toughness adhesive layer, the peak expansion force can be reduced by ≥40%, and the difference in expansion force between battery cells can be controlled within ±5%, which can improve cycle stability. As a result, after 2000 cycles, the battery cell module 20a has no obvious battery cell bulging or insulation failure, and its lifespan is increased by more than 30%.

[0181] In addition, the combination of "rivets + high-toughness adhesive layer + elastic structure 40" connection method allows for disassembly by simply loosening the rivets and cutting the adhesive layer, without damaging the structural components. It supports module-level replacement and has high maintainability.

[0182] The solution provided in this embodiment is specifically designed for side-impact protection scenarios, and is particularly suitable for module placement in the front / rear and side wall structurally weak areas of a vehicle. Testing has shown that under a 30km / h side-impact condition, the maximum deformation of a single battery cell is reduced by 60%, with no risk of puncture.

[0183] The above solution can also achieve "structure-function" decoupling, that is, while maintaining good expansion management capabilities, the focus of protection is shifted from "expansion" to "collision", which is compatible with various battery pack layouts and can be flexibly applied to different module layout schemes with limited space. Expansion prevention and collision prevention can share beam structure 30, elastic structure 40, etc., to achieve platform-based design.

[0184] This solution provides a novel module structure design that can actively manage the cyclic expansion of individual battery cells, efficiently absorb side impacts, and has good maintainability.

[0185] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized by, The device includes a housing and battery cell assemblies, beam structures, and elastic structures all disposed within the housing. At least one side of each battery cell assembly is opposite to and spaced apart from the side wall of the housing. The battery cell assembly forms a force transmission connection with the side wall of the housing through the beam structures and elastic structures arranged sequentially.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery cell assembly includes a first surface and a second surface at an angle, the first surface corresponding to the large surface of the battery cell in the battery cell assembly, and the second surface corresponding to the side surface of the battery cell in the battery cell assembly. The elastic structure includes a first elastic element, which is positioned opposite to and spaced apart from the first surface. The beam structure includes a first beam, which is disposed between the first surface and the first elastic member.

3. The battery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The elastic structure includes a second elastic element, which is opposite to and spaced apart from the second surface. The beam structure includes a second beam disposed between the second surface and the second elastic member.

4. The battery device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The stiffness of the first elastic element is greater than that of the second elastic element.

5. The battery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first elastic element includes a spring.

6. The battery device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second elastic element comprises a non-Newtonian fluid.

7. The battery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The housing includes a support member for supporting the battery cell assembly; The battery device also includes a limiting member, which is opposite to and spaced apart from the bearing member, and both are connected to the first beam. The first beam has two parts, which are respectively located at both ends of the battery cell assembly. The first beam, the limiting member and the bearing member form a closed support structure, which is arranged around the battery cell assembly.

8. The battery device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The battery device further includes an elastic connection layer, which is provided between the carrier and the battery cell assembly, and / or between the limiting member and the battery cell assembly.

9. The battery device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The elastic bonding layer includes a high-toughness adhesive layer.

10. The battery device according to claim 7, characterized in that, At least one of the limiting member and the bearing member is connected to the battery cell assembly by a fastener.

11. The battery device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The fasteners include rivets.

12. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, At least one beam in the beam structure has a groove on the side facing the side wall of the box, and part of the elastic structure is located in the groove.

13. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, At least one beam in the beam structure includes a first section, a second section, and a third section arranged sequentially along the height direction. In the thickness direction of the first section, the thickness of the first section and the third section are both greater than the thickness of the second section, and the sides of the first section, the second section, and the third section that are close to the battery cell assembly are located on the same plane.

14. The battery device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first portion and the third portion have the same thickness.

15. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, At least one beam in the beam structure has a U-shaped cross-section.

16. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, At least one beam in the beam structure is connected to the battery cell assembly via an insulating layer for force transmission.

17. The battery device according to claim 16, characterized in that, The insulating layer comprises interconnected polycarbonate structures and cushioning pads.

18. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery device according to any one of claims 1-17.

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