A sandwich structure for an antenna based on multi-frequency transmission

Abstract

The utility model relates to communication antenna technical field, concretely is a sandwich structure for antenna based on multi -frequency transmission, including bottom layer and top layer, the bottom layer and top layer are clamped, the top layer includes top flexible substrate, both ends of top flexible substrate all are fixedly installed with upper connecting seat, the lower extreme fixed mounting of one of upper connecting seat has the locating column, and the lower extreme fixed mounting of another upper connecting seat has the male buckle, the utility model discloses through the elastic clamping structure and accurate positioning design of LCP material quality, can realize the quick plugging of top layer and bottom layer, and module split can be completed without tools, and the modular integrated design makes each function layer can be independently processed, debugging, subsequent maintenance or upgrading such as optimization phase shift performance, expands 6G frequency band, does not need to dismantle the antenna as a whole, significantly improves maintenance efficiency, reduces the cost, and the structural stability of the flexible scene is adapted simultaneously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of communication antenna technology, specifically a sandwich structure for antennas based on multi-frequency transmission. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technologies, such as the advancement of 5G and even future 6G communication systems, antennas need to support signal transmission across multiple frequency bands. For example, in 5G communication, it is necessary not only to cover low-frequency bands to ensure wide-area signal coverage, but also to use high-frequency bands to achieve high-speed data transmission. This requires antennas to have multi-frequency operating capabilities, enabling them to efficiently radiate and receive signals on different frequency bands. At the same time, the Internet of Things, satellite communication, and other fields also have a strong demand for multi-frequency antennas to meet the communication requirements of various services and frequency bands.

[0003] Traditional multi-frequency sandwich antennas use welding, full bonding, and other fixed connection methods for each layer. Disassembly requires destroying the overall structure. It is not possible to separate a functional layer, such as the phase-shifting layer or the radiation layer, for maintenance or optimization. If it is necessary to expand the frequency band or upgrade the performance in the future, the entire antenna must be redesigned and manufactured. The upgrade cost is high and the cycle is long, which has certain shortcomings. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a sandwich structure for antennas based on multi-frequency transmission to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A sandwich structure for an antenna based on multi-frequency transmission includes a bottom layer and a top layer, which are snapped together. The top layer includes a top flexible substrate, with upper connectors fixedly mounted at both ends. A positioning post is fixedly mounted at the lower end of one upper connector, and a male buckle is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the other upper connector. An annular groove is formed on one side of the lower middle portion of the top flexible substrate, and a conductive contact receiving end is provided in the middle of the annular groove. The bottom layer includes a bottom flexible substrate, with lower connectors fixedly mounted at both ends. A positioning hole is formed in the middle of one lower connector, and a female buckle is fixedly mounted in the middle of the other lower connector. A ferrite phase-shifting layer is bonded to the upper end of the top flexible substrate with a low-loss adhesive. An annular shielding ring is fixedly mounted on one side of the upper end of the ferrite phase-shifting layer, and a conductive contact output end is provided in the middle of the annular shielding ring.

[0006] In some embodiments, a smart FSS control layer is attached to the upper end of the top layer with a low-loss adhesive, and the surface of the smart FSS control layer has a plurality of metal patches uniformly arrayed.

[0007] In some embodiments, a graphene radiation layer is provided at the upper end of the top flexible substrate, and an interdigitated comb-shaped metal is fixed on the surface of the graphene radiation layer by a photolithography process.

[0008] In some embodiments, the graphene radiating layer and the smart FSS control layer are electrically interconnected through metallized vias.

[0009] In some embodiments, the surface of the ferrite phase-shifting layer is provided with a microstrip phase-shifting network.

[0010] In some embodiments, the annular shielding ring and the annular groove are snapped together, and the conductive contact output end and the conductive contact receiving end cooperate to achieve electrical connection.

[0011] In some embodiments, the male buckle includes a plug rod and two side elastic plates, which are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the middle part of the plug rod. The female buckle has a guide groove in the middle part and side openings on both sides of the middle part of the female buckle.

[0012] In some embodiments, the insert rod and the guide groove are inserted together, one end of each of the two side elastic plates is elastically engaged in the middle of the two side openings, and the positioning post and the positioning hole are inserted together.

[0013] This utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. This utility model enables tool-free modular assembly and disassembly, significantly reducing maintenance and upgrade costs and difficulties. Through the elastic snap-fit ​​structure and precise positioning design of LCP material, quick insertion and removal of the top and bottom layers are possible, allowing for module disassembly without tools. The modular integrated design allows each functional layer to be processed and debugged independently. Subsequent maintenance or upgrades, such as optimizing phase-shifting performance or expanding to the 6G frequency band, do not require complete antenna disassembly, significantly improving maintenance efficiency and reducing costs, while also ensuring structural stability suitable for flexible scenarios.

[0014] 2. When in use, this utility model can achieve flexible coverage of Sub-6GHz and millimeter wave dual frequency bands through the electrically tunable characteristics of the graphene radiating layer. Combined with the precise frequency band selection of the intelligent FSS control layer, and the low-loss design such as metallized via interconnection and ring shielding, it not only solves the pain points of complex structure and fixed frequency band of traditional multi-frequency antennas, but also effectively suppresses interference and reduces signal attenuation. At the same time, it supports wide-angle beam scanning, taking into account both comprehensive performance and transmission stability. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first appearance structure of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second appearance structure of the present utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the top-level disassembly structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lower end structure of the top flexible substrate of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom three-dimensional structure of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the underlying structure of this utility model.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Bottom layer; 11. Bottom flexible substrate; 12. Ferrite phase-shifting layer; 13. Microstrip phase-shifting network; 14. Annular shielding ring; 15. Conductive contact output terminal; 16. Lower connector; 17. Positioning hole; 18. Female buckle; 19. Side opening; 20. Guide groove; 2. Top layer; 21. Top flexible substrate; 22. Smart FSS control layer; 23. Metal patch; 24. Graphene radiation layer; 25. Interdigitated comb-shaped metal; 26. Upper connector; 27. Positioning post; 28. Male buckle; 29. ​​Insert rod; 30. Side elastic plate; 31. Annular groove; 32. Conductive contact receiving terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 6This utility model provides a technical solution: a sandwich structure for an antenna based on multi-frequency transmission, including a bottom layer 1 and a top layer 2, which are snapped together. The top layer 2 includes a top flexible substrate 21, with upper connecting seats 26 fixedly installed at both ends of the top flexible substrate 21. A positioning post 27 is fixedly installed at the lower end of one upper connecting seat 26, and a male buckle 28 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the other upper connecting seat 26. An annular groove 31 is formed on one side of the lower middle part of the top flexible substrate 21, and a conductive contact receiving end 32 is provided in the middle of the annular groove 31. The bottom layer 1 includes a bottom flexible substrate 11, with lower connecting seats 16 fixedly installed at both ends of the bottom flexible substrate 11. A positioning hole 17 is formed in the middle of one lower connecting seat 16, and a female buckle 18 is fixedly installed in the middle of the other lower connecting seat 16. 8. A ferrite phase-shifting layer 12 is bonded to the upper end of the top flexible substrate 21 with a low-loss adhesive. An annular shielding ring 14 is fixedly installed on one side of the upper end of the ferrite phase-shifting layer 12. A conductive contact output end 15 is provided in the middle of the annular shielding ring 14. The annular shielding ring 14 and the annular groove 31 are snapped together. The conductive contact output end 15 and the conductive contact receiving end 32 cooperate to achieve electrical connection. The male buckle 28 includes a plug rod 29 and two side elastic plates 30. The two side elastic plates 30 are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the middle of the plug rod 29. A guide groove 20 is opened in the middle of the female buckle 18. Side openings 19 are opened on both sides of the middle of the female buckle 18. The plug rod 29 and the guide groove 20 are inserted together. One end of the two side elastic plates 30 is elastically snapped into the middle of the two side openings 19 respectively. The positioning post 27 is inserted between the positioning hole 17.

[0019] In this embodiment, convenient disassembly and assembly are achieved, facilitating rapid maintenance and upgrades in the future. Through the elastic snap-fit ​​structure of the male snap-fit ​​28 and the female snap-fit ​​18, combined with the precise guidance of the positioning post 27 and the positioning hole 17, the top layer 2 and bottom layer 1 can be quickly plugged and unplugged without tools. This solves the problem of cumbersome disassembly caused by traditional fixed connections such as welding and full bonding between antenna layers. When splicing the bottom layer 1 and top layer 2, the male snap-fit ​​28 of the top layer 2 is aligned with the female snap-fit ​​18 of the bottom layer 1. At this time, the positioning post 27, the positioning hole 17, the annular shielding ring 14, the conductive contact output terminal 15, the annular groove 31, and the conductive contact receiver... The ends 32 correspond to each other. Pressing down on the flexible substrate 21 causes the insertion rod 29 to gradually engage with the guide groove 20 of the female buckle 18. When the side elastic plates 30 enter the middle of the female buckle 18, they are first pressed together. When the two side elastic plates 30 move to the side openings 19 of the female buckle 18, they reset and lock into the two side openings 19. To disassemble, press the two side elastic plates 30 inward simultaneously to release the limit, and then pull upward to quickly separate the bottom layer 1 and the top layer 2. The modular design allows the top layer 2 and the bottom layer 1 to be pre-processed and adjusted independently. If further processing is needed... Optimizing the performance of the ferrite phase-shifting layer 12 or replacing the conductive contact components allows for the separate disassembly of the corresponding module, eliminating the need for overall antenna disassembly and reducing maintenance costs. The conductive contact output end 15 and the receiver end are precisely connected through the engagement of the annular shielding ring 14 and the annular groove 31. The annular shielding ring 14 serves both a mechanical positioning function and effectively suppresses interlayer electromagnetic leakage, avoiding interference during millimeter-wave signal transmission. Simultaneously, the ferrite phase-shifting layer 12, fixed with a low-loss adhesive, reduces signal attenuation and ensures the stability of power supply and signal transmission. The elasticity of the side elastic plate 30 can compensate for slight deformations during flexible substrate assembly. To ensure that the conductive contacts are always tightly fitted, the antenna avoids poor contact due to increased insertion and removal times or flexible deformation, thus improving the long-term stability of the antenna. The upper connector 26 and the lower connector 16 are only fixed to the two ends of the flexible substrate, avoiding stress in the middle functional areas such as the ferrite phase-shifting layer 12 and conductive contacts due to mechanical fixation, and ensuring the performance stability of the functional layers when the flexible substrate deforms. The male and female connectors 28 and the connected structures are all made of LCP material, which can avoid interference with Sub-6GHz and millimeter-wave signals and can adapt to slight deformation of the flexible substrate, making it less prone to deformation during insertion and removal.

[0020] Example 2: As Figure 1 - Figure 6As shown, the top layer 2 has a smart FSS control layer 22 attached to its upper end with a low-loss adhesive. Multiple metal patches 23 are uniformly arrayed on the surface of the smart FSS control layer 22. A graphene radiation layer 24 is provided on the upper end of the top flexible substrate 21. Interdigitated comb-shaped metal 25 is fixed on the surface of the graphene radiation layer 24 by photolithography. The graphene radiation layer 24 and the smart FSS control layer 22 are electrically interconnected through metallized vias. A microstrip phase-shifting network 13 is provided on the surface of the ferrite phase-shifting layer 12.

[0021] In this embodiment, the graphene radiating layer 24 adopts an interdigitated comb-shaped metal structure 25 prepared by photolithography. Combined with the adjustable conductivity of graphene, the radiation frequency can be flexibly adjusted by an external voltage, covering both Sub-6GHz and millimeter-wave 6G low-band frequencies. The intelligent FSS control layer 22, through a uniform array of metal patches 23, can accurately filter signals of different frequency bands, reflecting low-frequency signals and transmitting high-frequency signals. Combined with the microstrip phase-shifting network 13 of the ferrite phase-shifting layer 12, it enables independent control of dual-band signals, avoiding mutual interference between frequency bands and improving the purity and stability of signal transmission. The graphene radiating layer 24 and the intelligent FSS control layer 22 are electrically interconnected using metallized vias. Compared to traditional wire connections or contact connections, via interconnection... The path is shorter and the contact resistance is lower, which can significantly reduce signal transmission loss in the millimeter-wave high-frequency band. The intelligent FSS control layer 22 is bonded to the top flexible substrate 21 with a low-loss adhesive, which can not only ensure the stability of the structure, but also avoid the absorption or interference of high-frequency signals by interlayer connection components due to the low dielectric loss characteristics of the adhesive, further ensuring the radiation efficiency and gain performance of the antenna. The photolithography process, metallized vias, and low-loss bonding are all mature technologies in the field of microwave antennas, which do not require complex special processing equipment. The modular design of each functional layer, such as the graphene radiating layer 24 and the FSS layer integrated into the top layer 2 module, makes it easy to upgrade according to communication standards, such as expanding to 6G higher frequency bands. Only one layer structure needs to be optimized, without the need to reconstruct the entire antenna, thereby improving the iteration flexibility of the product.

[0022] Working principle: like Figure 1 - Figure 6As shown, the top graphene radiating layer 24 is fabricated using photolithography to create interdigitated comb-shaped metal 25. An external voltage can adjust the graphene conductivity, thereby changing the equivalent reactance of the interdigitated structure and enabling flexible switching and coverage of both Sub-6GHz and millimeter-wave 6G low-band frequencies. The array of metal patches 23 on the surface of the intelligent FSS control layer 22 can reflect low-frequency signals emitted by the graphene radiating layer and transmit high-frequency signals, achieving precise selection of dual-band signals. Combined with the microstrip phase-shifting network 13 of the bottom ferrite phase-shifting layer 12, the two frequency bands can be independently controlled, avoiding inter-band interference and improving signal purity. Operators can adjust the permeability of the ferrite phase-shifting layer 12 using an external magnetic field, and the microstrip phase-shifting network 13 synchronously changes the signal phase, achieving wide-angle scanning of the antenna beam to adapt to signal transmission requirements in different directions. The graphene radiating layer 24 and the intelligent FSS control layer 22 are electrically interconnected through metallized vias. Compared to traditional wire or contact connections, this shortens the transmission path and reduces contact resistance, significantly reducing signal loss, especially in the millimeter-wave band, while ensuring a compact antenna structure. The engagement of the annular shielding ring 14 and the annular groove 31 enhances mechanical positioning accuracy and suppresses interlayer electromagnetic leakage, preventing interference with millimeter-wave signal transmission. The elastic properties of the elastic plate 30 compensate for deformation during flexible substrate assembly, ensuring that conductive contacts remain tightly fitted and guaranteeing long-term stability of power supply and signal transmission. The intelligent FSS control layer 22 is bonded to the top flexible substrate 21 with a low-loss adhesive, ensuring structural stability and reliability. The low dielectric loss of the adhesive also prevents absorption or interference with high-frequency signals, ensuring antenna radiation efficiency and gain.

[0023] During installation, align the male snap fastener 28 of the top layer 2 with the female snap fastener 18 of the bottom layer 1, simultaneously achieving precise guidance of the positioning post 27 and positioning hole 17, and alignment of the annular shielding ring 14 and annular groove 31. Press down on the top flexible substrate 21, and the insertion rod 29 of the male snap fastener 28 will insert along the guide groove 20 of the female snap fastener. The elastic plates 30 on both sides will contract under pressure, and automatically reset when they move to the side opening 19 position, thus forming a lock and completing the mechanical fixation of the top and bottom layers. At this time, the annular shielding ring 14 will also lock into the annular groove 31, and the conductive contact output end 15 will precisely fit with the receiving end to achieve electrical connection. When maintenance is required, press the elastic plates 30 on both sides inward to disengage them from the side opening 19, release the limit, and then pull the top layer 2 upward to quickly separate the top and bottom layers without tools, achieving independent disassembly and assembly of the module. The male connector 28, female connector 18, and the connecting structure are all made of LCP material, which can adapt to slight deformation of the flexible substrate without interfering with the signal; and the connector is only fixed at both ends of the flexible substrate, which can avoid stress caused by mechanical fixation in the middle functional layer and ensure functional stability during flexible deformation.

[0024] The top layer 2, integrating a graphene radiating layer and a smart FSS control layer, along with the bottom layer 1, integrating a ferrite phase-shifting layer and a flexible substrate, adopts a modular design, allowing for independent pre-processing and debugging. In the future, when it is necessary to optimize the ferrite phase-shifting performance, replace conductive contacts, or upgrade the graphene radiating layer to expand to higher 6G frequency bands, the corresponding modules can be disassembled and operated individually, eliminating the need to disassemble the entire antenna. This reduces maintenance costs and upgrade difficulty, and enhances product iteration flexibility.

[0025] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0026] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sandwich structure for an antenna based on multi-frequency transmission, comprising a bottom layer (1) and a top layer (2), wherein the bottom layer (1) and the top layer (2) are snapped together, characterized in that: The top layer (2) includes a top flexible substrate (21), and upper connecting seats (26) are fixedly installed at both ends of the top flexible substrate (21). A positioning post (27) is fixedly installed at the lower end of one of the upper connecting seats (26), and a male buckle (28) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the other upper connecting seat (26). An annular groove (31) is opened on one side of the lower middle part of the top flexible substrate (21), and a conductive contact receiving end (32) is provided in the middle of the annular groove (31). The bottom layer (1) includes a bottom flexible substrate (11). Both ends of the bottom flexible substrate (11) are fixedly installed with lower connecting seats (16), one of the lower connecting seats (16) has a positioning hole (17) in the middle, and the other lower connecting seat (16) has a female buckle (18) fixedly installed in the middle. The upper end of the top flexible substrate (21) is bonded with a ferrite phase shifting layer (12) by a low-loss adhesive. An annular shielding ring (14) is fixedly installed on one side of the upper end of the ferrite phase shifting layer (12), and a conductive contact output terminal (15) is provided in the middle of the annular shielding ring (14).

2. The sandwich structure for an antenna based on multi-frequency transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top layer (2) has a smart FSS control layer (22) attached to its upper end with a low-loss adhesive. The surface of the smart FSS control layer (22) has a plurality of metal patches (23) evenly arrayed.

3. The sandwich structure for an antenna based on multi-frequency transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the top flexible substrate (21) is provided with a graphene radiation layer (24), and the surface of the graphene radiation layer (24) is fixed with interdigitated comb-shaped metal (25) by photolithography.

4. The sandwich structure for an antenna based on multi-frequency transmission according to claim 3, characterized in that: The graphene radiating layer (24) and the smart FSS control layer (22) are electrically interconnected through metallized vias.

5. The sandwich structure for an antenna based on multi-frequency transmission according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surface of the ferrite phase-shifting layer (12) is provided with a microstrip phase-shifting network (13).

6. The sandwich structure for an antenna based on multi-frequency transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular shielding ring (14) and the annular groove (31) are engaged, and the conductive contact output end (15) and the conductive contact receiving end (32) cooperate to achieve electrical connection.

7. The sandwich structure for an antenna based on multi-frequency transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The male buckle (28) includes a plug rod (29) and two side elastic plates (30). The two side elastic plates (30) are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the middle part of the plug rod (29). The female buckle (18) has a guide groove (20) in the middle part and side openings (19) on both sides of the middle part of the female buckle (18).

8. The sandwich structure for an antenna based on multi-frequency transmission according to claim 7, characterized in that: The insertion rod (29) and the guide groove (20) are inserted together, and one end of each of the two side elastic plates (30) is elastically engaged in the middle of the two side openings (19). The positioning post (27) and the positioning hole (17) are inserted together.

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