Photovoltaic module protection device based on internet of things

Abstract

This utility model discloses a photovoltaic module protection device based on the Internet of Things, relating to the field of photovoltaic module technology, including a plurality of lightning rods; the lower end of the lightning rod is rotatably connected to the side of the photovoltaic module support, and a tension spring is connected between the lower part of the lightning rod and the support; a first limiting plate for limiting the vertical state of the lightning rod and a second limiting plate for limiting the horizontal state of the lightning rod are connected to the side of the support; when the lightning rod rotates between the first limiting plate and the second limiting plate, and the tension spring is extended to its longest state, the lightning rod is in an inclined state; the lightning rod of this utility model can rotate, and lightning rods that meet the height requirements can be set; the vertical lightning rod can effectively intercept lightning and reduce the risk of lightning strikes; the horizontal lightning rod can be hidden on the side of the photovoltaic module support, occupying less space and not obstructing the photovoltaic panel on the shady side; the first limiting plate and the second limiting plate respectively limit the vertical and horizontal positions, and the tension spring can make the lightning rod fit against the first limiting plate and the second limiting plate respectively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic module technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module protection device based on the Internet of Things. Background Technology

[0002] IoT photovoltaic (PV) modules are products that combine IoT technology with traditional PV modules. By integrating sensors, communication modules, and other devices into the PV module, they achieve intelligent monitoring and management of the PV power generation process. The core of IoT PV modules remains based on the photoelectric effect, using photovoltaic materials to convert sunlight into direct current. Simultaneously, integrated IoT sensors collect real-time data from the module, such as temperature and light intensity. This data is transmitted to the cloud or local server via the communication module. After data analysis and processing, the operating status of the PV module is monitored and optimized.

[0003] The protective devices for IoT photovoltaic (PV) modules are primarily designed to address risks related to environmental, electrical, physical shocks, and communication security. The core objective is to ensure stable module operation and secure data transmission. PV module protection encompasses multiple aspects. For example, lightning protection devices can quickly discharge overvoltages and overcurrents induced by lightning strikes, protecting IoT PV modules and downstream electrical equipment from damage. For instance, patent CN218632789U describes a centralized PV module multi-needle lightning protection device. This device uses an array of independent lightning rods on the PV support, protecting the PV modules from lightning while reducing shading of the modules in front and behind. However, this existing technology requires installation on PV modules with maintenance access channels. In situations like rooftops where maintenance access is lacking, the lightning rods can still obstruct the PV panels. Furthermore, using individual lightning rods is limited by height requirements, resulting in a small protected area. This necessitates a large number of rods and is unsuitable for large PV panels. Additionally, the lightning strike radius is close to the PV panel, leading to compromised safety and a certain risk of lightning strikes. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic module protection device based on the Internet of Things in order to solve at least one of the problems in the prior art mentioned above.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A photovoltaic module protection device based on the Internet of Things includes several lightning rods; the lower end of each lightning rod is rotatably connected to the side of the photovoltaic module's support, and a tension spring is connected between the lower part of the lightning rod and the support. The side of the support is connected to a first limiting plate that limits the vertical position of the lightning rod and a second limiting plate that limits the horizontal position of the lightning rod. When the lightning rod rotates between the first limiting plate and the second limiting plate, causing the tension spring to extend to its longest position, the lightning rod is in an inclined state.

[0006] Furthermore, the tension spring causes the lower part of the lightning rod to fit against the first limiting plate or the second limiting plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the lower end of the lightning rod is connected to a rotating shaft, which is rotatably connected to the bracket.

[0008] Furthermore, the lower part of the lightning rod is connected to a hanging post, the bracket is connected to a hanging frame, the end of the hanging frame is provided with a through hole, and the two ends of the tension spring are respectively hooked to the hanging post and the end of the hanging frame.

[0009] Furthermore, an intermediate rope connects adjacent lightning rods.

[0010] Furthermore, the lower part of the lightning rod is provided with a fixed clamping plate and a movable clamping plate that slides along the lightning rod. A fastening bolt is installed on the movable clamping plate, and the fastening bolt is connected to the fixed clamping plate by a thread.

[0011] Furthermore, several of the lightning rods are connected in a row by a middle rope. The first limiting plate on the outer side of the first lightning rod is provided with a first electric cylinder that drives the lightning rod to rotate, and the second limiting plate on the tail lightning rod is provided with a second electric cylinder that drives the lightning rod to rotate.

[0012] Furthermore, the telescopic end of the first electric cylinder is connected to a first top block that contacts the lightning rod, and the telescopic end of the second electric cylinder is connected to a second top block that contacts the lightning rod. Both the first and second top blocks are provided with grooves.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The lightning rod of this invention can rotate and can be installed to meet the height requirements. The vertical lightning rod can effectively intercept lightning and reduce the risk of lightning strikes. The horizontal lightning rod can be hidden on the side of the photovoltaic module support, occupying less space and not blocking the photovoltaic panel on the shady side. The first limiting plate and the second limiting plate respectively limit the vertical and horizontal positions, and the tension spring can make the lightning rod fit against the first limiting plate and the second limiting plate respectively. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic panel-free state of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the central lightning rod of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the lightning rod at the head end of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the tail-end lightning rod connection structure of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the control part of this utility model.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Lightning rod; 2. Rotating shaft; 3. Tension spring; 4. Hanging post; 5. Hanging bracket; 6. First limiting plate; 7. Second limiting plate; 8. Intermediate rope; 9. Fixed clamping plate; 10. Movable clamping plate; 11. Fastening bolt; 12. First electric cylinder; 13. First top block; 14. Second electric cylinder; 15. Second top block; 16. Industrial control computer; 17. Light intensity sensor; 18. Bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the present invention.

[0022] Specific embodiments of the IoT-based photovoltaic module protection device provided by this utility model: Please see Figures 1-6 The IoT-based photovoltaic module protection device includes several lightning rods 1. The lower end of each lightning rod 1 is rotatably connected to the side of a bracket 18 of the photovoltaic module. A rotating shaft 2 is connected to the lower end of each lightning rod 1, and the rotating shaft 2 is rotatably connected to the bracket 18. A photovoltaic panel is mounted on the upper side of the bracket 18. In this embodiment, the lightning rods 1 are rotatably mounted on the rear side of the bracket 18.

[0023] A tension spring 3 is connected between the lower part of the lightning rod 1 and the bracket 18. A hanging post 4 is connected to the lower part of the lightning rod 1. The hanging post 4 is a column structure with a T-shaped cross section. A bracket 5 is connected to the bracket 18. A through hole is provided at the end of the bracket 5. Hooks are provided at both ends of the tension spring 3. The two ends of the tension spring 3 are respectively hooked to the through holes at the ends of the hanging post 4 and the bracket 5.

[0024] The bracket 18 has a first limiting plate 6 that limits the lightning rod 1 to a vertical position and a second limiting plate 7 that limits the lightning rod 1 to a horizontal position. During the rotation of the lightning rod 1, the tension spring 3 extends and retracts. When the lightning rod 1 rotates between the first limiting plate 6 and the second limiting plate 7, causing the tension spring 3 to extend to its maximum length, the lightning rod 1 is in an inclined state. Because the tension spring 3 is at its maximum length when the lightning rod 1 is inclined, the deformation of the tension spring 3 causes the lightning rod 1 to rotate to both sides. When no external force is applied, the tension spring 3 causes the lower part of the lightning rod 1 to fit against the first limiting plate 6 or the second limiting plate 7, thereby keeping the lightning rod 1 in a vertical or horizontal position.

[0025] When lighting conditions are poor and the risk of lightning strikes is high, the lightning rod 1 is rotated to fit against the first limiting plate 6. The vertical lightning rod 1 can effectively intercept lightning strikes. The bracket 18 is connected to the grounding grid buried in the ground. The lightning rod 1 quickly discharges the overvoltage and overcurrent generated by lightning to the ground through the bracket 18, protecting the IoT photovoltaic modules and back-end electrical equipment from damage by lightning strikes.

[0026] When the lighting conditions are good, rotate the lightning rod 1 to make it fit with the second limiting plate 7. The lightning rod 1 in the horizontal state is low in height, has a compact structure, and occupies little horizontal space. It will not block the photovoltaic panel on the shady side, ensuring that the photovoltaic panel has a fully efficient power generation capacity.

[0027] Intermediate ropes 8 connect adjacent lightning rods 1. Several lightning rods 1 are connected in a row by several intermediate ropes 8. The lower part of the lightning rod 1 is provided with a fixed clamping plate 9 and a movable clamping plate 10 that slides along the lightning rod 1. Fastening bolts 11 are passed through the movable clamping plate 10. The fastening bolts 11 are connected to the fixed clamping plate 9 by threads.

[0028] Both the fixed clamping plate 9 and the movable clamping plate 10 are rectangular plates, vertically aligned. The lightning rod 1 is fixedly passed through the center of the fixed clamping plate 9, and the movable clamping plate 10 has a through hole in the center for the lightning rod 1 to pass through, allowing the movable clamping plate 10 to move along the lightning rod 1.

[0029] Several fastening bolts 11 are provided. Tighten the fastening bolts 11. The middle rope 8 is made of steel wire rope, which can bring the movable clamping plate 10 close to the fixed clamping plate 9 and clamp the end of the middle rope 8. The end of the middle rope 8 is bent and wrapped at the fixed clamping plate 9 and the movable clamping plate 10, which can prevent the middle rope 8 from loosening.

[0030] After a row of several lightning rods 1 are connected by a central rope 8, only one lightning rod 1 needs to be driven to rotate, which will drive all the lightning rods 1 in the row to rotate synchronously, reducing labor intensity and eliminating the need to rotate each lightning rod 1 individually. It should be noted that to raise a lightning rod 1 and to lower a lightning rod 1, the tail end and the head end of the lightning rod 1 need to be driven separately.

[0031] To achieve automatic operation, in this embodiment, a first electric cylinder 12 for driving the lightning rod 1 to rotate is provided on the first limiting plate 6 on the outer side of the first lightning rod 1, and a second electric cylinder 14 for driving the lightning rod 1 to rotate is provided on the second limiting plate 7 on the tail lightning rod 1; the telescopic end of the first electric cylinder 12 is connected to a first top block 13 that contacts the lightning rod 1, and the telescopic end of the second electric cylinder 14 is connected to a second top block 15 that contacts the lightning rod 1, and both the first top block 13 and the second top block 15 are provided with grooves.

[0032] The first electric cylinder 12 extends the first top block 13, which in turn rotates the first lightning rod 1. The first lightning rod 1, via the intermediate rope 8, drives all the lightning rods 1 in a row to rotate and lower to a horizontal position against the tension of the spring 3. After this, the first electric cylinder 12 returns to its original position. When it is necessary to raise the lightning rod 1, the second electric cylinder 14 extends the second top block 15, which lifts the last lightning rod 1. The last lightning rod 1, via the intermediate rope 8, drives all the lightning rods 1 in a row to rotate and stand upright against the tension of the spring 3. After this, the second electric cylinder 14 retracts to its original position. This achieves the automatic raising and lowering of the lightning rod 1.

[0033] The first top block 13 is preferably made of an insulating material, such as a hard rubber block. The first limiting plate 6 for mounting the first electric cylinder 12 is preferably made of an insulating material, such as fiberglass or hard plastic, or an insulating layer is provided between the first limiting plate 6 and the bracket 18. The photovoltaic panel and the bracket 18 are insulated from each other.

[0034] In other embodiments, to achieve intelligent deployment and retraction of the lightning rod 1, an industrial control computer 16 and a light intensity sensor 17 are provided. The light intensity sensor 17 is installed on the upper side of the bracket 18, in a location not obstructed by the photovoltaic panel, to detect ambient light conditions. The industrial control computer 16 receives information from the light intensity sensor 17 and controls the operation of the first electric cylinder 12 and the second electric cylinder 14. When the light intensity sensor 17 detects sufficient light conditions, the lightning rod 1 is lowered to prevent it from obstructing the photovoltaic panel on the shaded side. When the light intensity sensor 17 detects insufficient light conditions, the lightning rod 1 is raised to effectively intercept lightning strikes, thus providing lightning protection for the photovoltaic module. In some embodiments, the light intensity sensor 17 utilizes a sensor for detecting light intensity from an Internet of Things (IoT) sensor.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments without creative effort, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An IoT based lightning protection device for photovoltaic module comprising a number of lightning rods (1); characterized in that, The lower end of the lightning rod (1) is rotatably connected to the side of the bracket (18) of the photovoltaic module. A tension spring (3) is connected between the lower part of the lightning rod (1) and the bracket (18). A first limiting plate (6) for limiting the vertical state of the lightning rod (1) and a second limiting plate (7) for limiting the horizontal state of the lightning rod (1) are connected to the side of the bracket (18). When the lightning rod (1) rotates between the first limiting plate (6) and the second limiting plate (7) and the tension spring (3) is extended to its longest state, the lightning rod (1) is in an inclined state.

2. The IoT-based photovoltaic module protection device of claim 1, wherein, The tension spring (3) causes the lower part of the lightning rod (1) to fit against the first limiting plate (6) or the second limiting plate (7).

3. The IoT-based photovoltaic module protection device of claim 1, wherein, The lower end of the lightning rod (1) is connected to a rotating shaft (2), and the rotating shaft (2) is rotatably connected to the bracket (18).

4. The IoT-based photovoltaic module protection device of claim 1, wherein, The lightning rod (1) is connected to a hanging post (4) at its lower part, and the bracket (18) is connected to a hanging frame (5). The hanging frame (5) has a through hole at its end, and the tension spring (3) is connected to the hanging post (4) and the hanging frame (5) at both ends respectively.

5. The IoT-based photovoltaic module protection device of claim 1, wherein, An intermediate rope (8) connects adjacent lightning rods (1).

6. The IoT-based photovoltaic module protection device of claim 5, wherein, The lightning rod (1) is provided with a fixed clamping plate (9) and a movable clamping plate (10) that slides along the lightning rod (1) at the lower part. A fastening bolt (11) is provided on the movable clamping plate (10), and the fastening bolt (11) is connected to the fixed clamping plate (9) by a thread.

7. The IoT-based photovoltaic module protection device of claim 5, wherein, Several lightning rods (1) are connected in a row by a middle rope (8). The first limiting plate (6) on the outside of the first lightning rod (1) is provided with a first electric cylinder (12) to drive the lightning rod (1) to rotate, and the second limiting plate (7) on the tail lightning rod (1) is provided with a second electric cylinder (14) to drive the lightning rod (1) to rotate.

8. The IoT-based photovoltaic module protection device of claim 7, wherein, The telescopic end of the first electric cylinder (12) is connected to a first top block (13) that contacts the lightning rod (1), and the telescopic end of the second electric cylinder (14) is connected to a second top block (15) that contacts the lightning rod (1). Both the first top block (13) and the second top block (15) are provided with grooves.

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