A dynamic protection system against surge for equipment room

Abstract

The utility model relates to electrical engineering and lightning protection technical field especially, relate to a kind of surge protection system of dynamic protection of computer lab equipment, including power input, power output, multistage protection module, dynamic control module, state monitoring module and communication module, the multistage protection module is connected between power input and power output;Dynamic control module is electrically connected with multistage protection module, state monitoring module and communication module respectively;The state monitoring module includes voltage sensor, current sensor and temperature sensor;The communication module uses RS-485 interface, the utility model can adjust protection path in real time according to surge intensity, and extremely fast response is realized to nanosecond level high frequency surge, reduces protection residual voltage, improves the protection effect to core equipment;System reliability and safety are enhanced, adopt multistage protection structure, discharge gap can provide redundant protection when varistor fails, improve the protection level and operating reliability of computer lab equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the fields of electrical engineering and lightning protection technology, and in particular to a dynamic surge protection system for computer room equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Surge protectors are important devices for protecting electronic equipment from damage caused by lightning surges and operational overvoltages.

[0003] In the prior art, such as the utility model patent with publication number CN214585718U, a lightning monitoring and prevention management device for computer rooms is proposed, which focuses on monitoring rather than dynamic protection.

[0004] For example, the invention patent with publication number CN104979810A describes a new type of surge protector, but in actual use, its dynamic response capability is limited and it does not involve a multi-level coordination mechanism.

[0005] Existing surge protection systems for computer rooms have the following shortcomings: First, they are mostly static protection systems, which cannot dynamically adjust the protection strategy according to the surge intensity; second, the coordination between protection modules is poor; and third, they lack intelligent status monitoring and early warning functions.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to further improve a surge protection dynamic protection system for computer room equipment. Utility Model Content

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the existing defects and provide a dynamic surge protection system for computer room equipment, which realizes dynamic response, multi-level coordination and intelligent monitoring of surge protection, improves the protection level and operational reliability of computer room equipment, and can effectively solve the problems in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a dynamic surge protection system for computer room equipment, comprising a power input terminal, a power output terminal, a multi-level protection module, a dynamic control module, a status monitoring module, and a communication module;

[0009] The multi-level protection module is connected between the power input terminal and the power output terminal;

[0010] The dynamic control module is electrically connected to the multi-level protection module, the status monitoring module, and the communication module, respectively.

[0011] The status monitoring module includes a voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a temperature sensor;

[0012] The communication module uses an RS-485 interface.

[0013] Preferably, the multi-level protection module includes a first-level coarse protection module and a second-level fine protection module;

[0014] The first-level coarse protection module uses a gas discharge tube module;

[0015] The second-level fine protection module adopts a combined structure of zinc oxide varistor and discharge gap.

[0016] Preferably, the voltage sensor, current sensor, and temperature sensor of the status monitoring module are arranged on the input and output terminals of the multi-level protection module, as well as on the surface of the components of the first-level coarse protection module and the second-level fine protection module.

[0017] Preferably, the multi-level protection module is equipped with a dynamic switching circuit;

[0018] The dynamic control module includes a logic control chip;

[0019] The input port of the logic control chip is connected to the sensor output of the status monitoring module, and its output port is connected to the control terminal of the dynamic switching circuit in the multi-level protection module, which is used to switch different protection element combination paths in real time according to the surge intensity.

[0020] Preferably, the communication module includes an RS-485 interface circuit;

[0021] The signal input terminal of the RS-485 interface circuit is connected to the signal output terminal of the status monitoring module, and is used to transmit the operating status data of the surge protector.

[0022] Preferably, the multi-level protection module adopts a modular pluggable structure.

[0023] Preferably, the multi-level protection module is connected in parallel with an adaptive dissipation branch;

[0024] The adaptive dissipation branch consists of a transient suppression diode array and a fast magnetic latching relay directly driven by a dynamic control module.

[0025] The coil control terminal of the fast magnetic latching relay is connected to a dedicated output pin of the dynamic control module, and its normally open contact is connected in series in the circuit of the transient suppression diode array.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0027] With enhanced dynamic coordination and rapid response capabilities, the system can adjust the protection path in real time according to the surge intensity through a dynamic switching circuit controlled by hardware logic and a newly added adaptive dissipation branch. It can also achieve extremely fast response to nanosecond-level high-frequency surges, significantly reducing residual protection voltage and improving the protection effect on core equipment.

[0028] The system's reliability and safety are enhanced by adopting a composite two-stage protection structure of gas discharge tube and varistor-discharge gap. The discharge gap can provide redundant protection in the event of varistor failure, avoiding fire risks. The modular plug-and-play design also facilitates maintenance and replacement, improving the overall system reliability.

[0029] Intelligent status monitoring and remote operation and maintenance integrate multiple types of sensors to collect key parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature in real time, and transmit the data to the monitoring center through the RS-485 interface with strong anti-interference capability, realizing the status visualization and predictive maintenance of surge protectors, which is suitable for applications in computer room industrial environments. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the dynamic switching circuit of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0032] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application can also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0033] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or sets.

[0034] To keep the drawings concise, only the parts relevant to this invention are shown schematically in each figure, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, for ease of understanding, in some figures, only one of the components with the same structure or function is schematically depicted, or only one is labeled. In this document, "one" not only means "only one," but can also mean "more than one."

[0035] It should also be further understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0036] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the specific implementation methods of this utility model will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0038] Please see Figure 1-2 This utility model provides a technical solution: a dynamic surge protection system for computer room equipment, including a power input terminal, a power output terminal, a multi-level protection module, a dynamic control module, a status monitoring module, and a communication module;

[0039] The multi-level protection module is connected between the power input terminal and the power output terminal;

[0040] The dynamic control module is electrically connected to the multi-level protection module, the status monitoring module, and the communication module, respectively.

[0041] The status monitoring module includes a voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a temperature sensor;

[0042] The communication module uses an RS-485 interface.

[0043] Specifically, the input port of the multi-level protection module is electrically connected to the power input terminal, and its output port is electrically connected to the power output terminal, so that the main power path passes through the module to provide surge protection.

[0044] The dynamic control module is implemented using a logic control chip, which has multiple general-purpose input / output pins. These pins are electrically connected to the control terminal of the multi-level protection module, the signal output terminal of the status monitoring module, and the signal input terminal of the communication module through wires, thereby realizing signal interaction and control between the various functional modules.

[0045] The status monitoring module includes a voltage sensor for sampling line-to-line voltage, a current sensor for sampling discharge current, and a negative temperature coefficient thermistor for monitoring the temperature of protection components. These sensors are deployed near the input and output ports of the multi-level protection module and its internal key components to obtain effective system status parameters.

[0046] The communication module is implemented using an RS-485 interface circuit. Its core is an RS-485 transceiver chip. The data input terminal of the chip is connected to the serial data transmission terminal of the dynamic control module, converting the system status data into differential signals and outputting them through the port, thereby enabling reliable bidirectional data communication with the remote monitoring host or building automation system.

[0047] The use of RS-485 instead of the more common Ethernet or Wi-Fi is based on considerations of the industrial environment of the data center; RS-485 has strong anti-interference capabilities, long transmission distances up to kilometers, and supports multi-point networking, making it very suitable for reliable data transmission in data center environments with complex electrical noise.

[0048] This embodiment establishes a basic platform for a surge protection system that is monitorable, controllable, and communicable through the combination of the above hardware structures.

[0049] Furthermore, the multi-level protection module includes a first-level coarse protection module and a second-level fine protection module;

[0050] The first-level coarse protection module uses a gas discharge tube module;

[0051] The second-level fine protection module adopts a combined structure of zinc oxide varistor and discharge gap.

[0052] Specifically, the first-level coarse protection module consists of a three-electrode gas discharge tube, with its two main electrodes connected in parallel between the live wire and ground, and the neutral wire and ground, respectively. The three-electrode gas discharge tube has extremely high surge current discharge capability and is used for primary discharge of large current surges generated by direct lightning strikes or induced lightning.

[0053] The second-level fine protection module adopts a composite structure, which consists of a zinc oxide varistor connected in parallel with a discharge gap. A zinc oxide varistor MOV1, MOV2, and MOV3 are installed between each line, namely between the live wire and the neutral wire, the neutral wire and the ground, and the live wire and the ground. At the same time, an inert gas discharge gap GAP1, GAP2, and GAP3 are connected in parallel across each varistor. The breakdown voltage of the discharge gap is slightly higher than the clamping voltage of the varistor in the line.

[0054] Its working process is as follows: when the surge arrives, the three-electrode gas discharge tube of the first stage is activated first to release most of the energy; then, the residual voltage is transferred to the second stage, and the zinc oxide varistor responds quickly to clamp the line voltage precisely at a safe value.

[0055] If a zinc oxide varistor deteriorates or fails due to short circuit after long-term use, the voltage across its terminals will rise sharply to the breakdown threshold of the discharge gap. At this point, the discharge gap is quickly activated and becomes conductive, forming a new discharge channel. This avoids the risk of equipment damage or fire that may be caused by the short circuit failure of the zinc oxide varistor, thus playing a role in redundant protection.

[0056] The two-stage structure design in this embodiment achieves an effective combination of energy discharge and voltage clamping, and the parallel connection of the zinc oxide varistor and the discharge gap significantly improves the reliability and safety of the protection module itself.

[0057] Furthermore, the voltage sensor, current sensor, and temperature sensor of the status monitoring module are arranged on the input and output terminals of the multi-level protection module, as well as on the surface of the components of the first-level coarse protection module and the second-level fine protection module.

[0058] Specifically, voltage sensors U1 and U2 are respectively installed at the input and output terminals of the multi-level protection module to monitor the surge voltage amplitude at the system inlet and the final output residual voltage after system protection in real time.

[0059] The current sensor is connected in series on the live wire path at the input terminal of the multi-level protection module to measure the peak value and waveform of the total surge current flowing through the protection system. In a single-phase circuit, the surge current mainly flows in through the live wire and is then discharged through the neutral or ground wire. Connecting the current sensor in series on the live wire can capture the most important surge current path, and the measured current value best represents the intensity of the surge event.

[0060] Temperature sensors RT1, RT2, RT3, and RT4 are surface-mount negative temperature coefficient thermistors, which are closely attached to the metal casing or pin surface of the critical protection components; RT1 is mounted on the ceramic tube shell of the gas discharge tube of the first-stage coarse protection module; RT2, RT3, and RT4 are respectively mounted on the surfaces of varistors MOV1, MOV2, and MOV3 of the second-stage fine protection module.

[0061] Furthermore, the multi-level protection module is equipped with a dynamic switching circuit;

[0062] The dynamic control module includes a logic control chip;

[0063] The input port of the logic control chip is connected to the sensor output of the status monitoring module, and its output port is connected to the control terminal of the dynamic switching circuit in the multi-level protection module, which is used to switch different protection element combination paths in real time according to the surge intensity.

[0064] Specifically, the multi-level protection module integrates a dynamic switching circuit, which is controlled by a dynamic control module for hardware logic.

[0065] The dynamic control module includes a logic control chip, which can be a complex programmable logic device, whose internal logic is implemented through hardware programming or fixed hardware circuitry.

[0066] The logic control chip has multiple input ports that are electrically connected to the sensor output terminals of the status monitoring module via analog-to-digital converters or directly, for receiving voltage and current signals characterizing surge intensity.

[0067] The output port of the logic control chip is electrically connected to the control terminal of the dynamic switching circuit in the multi-level protection module through a driving circuit such as a transistor amplifier circuit.

[0068] The dynamic switching circuit is composed of high-speed relays K1, K2, and K3, and its switching nodes are connected in series in the paths of different protection elements such as MOV1, MOV2, and MOV3 in the second-level fine protection module.

[0069] The multiple output ports of the logic control chip are electrically connected to the coil control terminals of high-speed relays K1, K2, and K3 through drive circuits; the switching nodes of these relays are connected in series or in parallel in the circuits of different protection elements such as MOV1, MOV2, and MOV3 in the second-level fine protection module.

[0070] When the surge signal collected by the status monitoring module exceeds a certain set threshold, the corresponding hardware comparator output inside the logic control chip flips, driving the corresponding output port to produce a level change, which in turn activates a specific relay connected to it, thereby changing the combination of protection components in the circuit. Through pure hardware logic judgment and switching control, the adaptive dynamic adjustment of the protection circuit topology is achieved, significantly improving the intelligence level of the protection system and the service life of the components.

[0071] Furthermore, the communication module includes an RS-485 interface circuit;

[0072] The signal input terminal of the RS-485 interface circuit is connected to the signal output terminal of the status monitoring module, and is used to transmit the operating status data of the surge protector.

[0073] Specifically, the core of the RS-485 interface circuit is an RS-485 transceiver chip, such as the MAX485. The data input terminal of this chip is electrically connected to the serial communication transmitting terminal of the logic control chip in the dynamic control module, and is used to receive serial data collected by the status monitoring module and preliminarily processed.

[0074] The differential output terminal of the RS-485 interface circuit is connected to a standard terminal block for networking via twisted pair to connect to a remote monitoring host or building automation system.

[0075] The logic control chip outputs status data from its serial communication transmitter in a predetermined serial communication format. This TTL level signal is sent to the RS-485 transceiver chip for level conversion, generating a pair of differential signals and driving them to the communication bus through its output terminals. The remote monitoring host can obtain the working status data of the surge protection system through the bus, realizing intelligent operation and maintenance of the computer room.

[0076] Furthermore, the multi-level protection module adopts a modular pluggable structure.

[0077] Specifically, the first-level coarse protection module and the second-level fine protection module are integrated and packaged together in a single protection module unit; this protection module unit is detachably connected to the system motherboard through a standardized pluggable electrical connection interface; and is mechanically fixed and locked to the motherboard through a snap-fit ​​or screw mechanism.

[0078] This design makes the protection module unit an independently replaceable component, facilitating maintenance.

[0079] Furthermore, the multi-level protection module is connected in parallel with an adaptive dissipation branch;

[0080] The adaptive dissipation branch consists of a transient suppression diode array and a fast magnetic latching relay directly driven by a dynamic control module.

[0081] The coil control terminal of the fast magnetic latching relay is connected to a dedicated output pin of the dynamic control module, and its normally open contact is connected in series in the circuit of the transient suppression diode array.

[0082] Specifically, the transient suppression diode array is composed of multiple transient suppression diodes connected in parallel to obtain extremely high surge discharge capability, and its clamping voltage is lower than the withstand voltage of the downstream protected equipment.

[0083] The two control terminals of the coil of the fast magnetic latching relay are directly connected to a dedicated high-current drive output pin of the logic control chip in the dynamic control module via wires.

[0084] The normally open contact of the relay is connected in series in the circuit of the transient suppression diode array to control whether it is connected.

[0085] When the high-speed current sensor in the status monitoring module detects that the rate of change of current exceeds the extremely high threshold preset by the hardware circuit, the output of the hardware comparator inside the dynamic control module immediately flips.

[0086] After receiving this signal, the logic control chip directly controls the pin to output a positive pulse current, driving the fast magnetic latching relay to quickly engage; its normally open contact closes, instantly connecting the transient suppression diode array to the main circuit; the transient suppression diode array preferentially discharges and clamps high-frequency surge energy at an extremely fast speed.

[0087] Afterward, the main multi-level protection module absorbs and clamps the remaining surge energy a second time; once the surge event ends, the logic control chip can output a reverse pulse to disconnect the relay and protect the transient suppression diode array.

[0088] This embodiment significantly improves the system's ability to suppress ultra-high frequency surges and effectively reduces residual protection voltage by adding a new branch driven purely by hardware.

[0089] The working principle and application principle of this utility model are as follows:

[0090] The system forms a graded protection system by connecting multiple protection modules in series in the power path. When a surge occurs, the first-stage gas discharge tube first discharges the large current energy, and the second-stage varistor and discharge gap combination structure performs precise voltage clamping. The discharge gap also serves as redundant protection when the varistor fails.

[0091] The status monitoring module collects voltage, current and temperature parameters in real time. Based on these hardware signals, the dynamic control module performs logical judgment through the internal comparator circuit and drives the high-speed relay to switch different protection element combination paths to achieve adaptive adjustment of the protection topology.

[0092] For ultra-high frequency surges, the system triggers adaptive dissipative branch priority action through pure hardware circuitry. The entire process is controlled by hardware logic, requiring no software algorithm intervention; simultaneously, the RS-485 communication interface transmits system status data to the monitoring center, enabling intelligent operation and maintenance. The modular plug-and-play design facilitates maintenance and replacement.

[0093] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A dynamic surge protection system for computer room equipment, comprising a power input terminal, a power output terminal, a multi-level protection module, a dynamic control module, a status monitoring module, and a communication module, characterized in that: The multi-level protection module is connected between the power input terminal and the power output terminal. The multi-level protection module includes a first-level coarse protection module and a second-level fine protection module. The first-level coarse protection module adopts a gas discharge tube module. The second-level fine protection module adopts a combined structure of zinc oxide varistor and discharge gap; The multi-level protection module is equipped with a dynamic switching circuit, and the dynamic control module includes a logic control chip. The input port of the logic control chip is connected to the sensor output of the status monitoring module, and its output port is connected to the control terminal of the dynamic switching circuit in the multi-level protection module, which is used to switch different protection element combination paths in real time according to the surge intensity. The dynamic control module is electrically connected to the multi-level protection module, the status monitoring module, and the communication module, respectively. The status monitoring module includes a voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a temperature sensor; The communication module uses an RS-485 interface.

2. The dynamic protection system against surge of equipment room according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage sensor, current sensor, and temperature sensor of the status monitoring module are arranged on the input and output terminals of the multi-level protection module, as well as on the surface of the components of the first-level coarse protection module and the second-level fine protection module.

3. The dynamic protection system against surge of equipment room according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication module includes an RS-485 interface circuit; The signal input terminal of the RS-485 interface circuit is connected to the signal output terminal of the status monitoring module, and is used to transmit the operating status data of the surge protector.

4. The dynamic surge protection system for equipment room according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The multi-level protection module adopts a modular pluggable structure.

5. The dynamic surge protection system for equipment in a machine room of claim 1, wherein: The multi-level protection module is connected in parallel with an adaptive dissipation branch; The adaptive dissipation branch consists of a transient suppression diode array and a fast magnetic latching relay directly driven by a dynamic control module. The coil control terminal of the fast magnetic latching relay is connected to a dedicated output pin of the dynamic control module, and its normally open contact is connected in series in the circuit of the transient suppression diode array.

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