Discharge circuit and discharge device

Abstract

This application relates to a discharge circuit, including a first input interface and a second input interface for connecting a power supply unit, a first output interface and a second output interface for connecting a load, a first switch module, a second switch module, and a discharge switch module. The control terminal of the first switch module is connected to the first and second input interfaces, its first terminal is connected to the second input interface, and its second terminal is connected to the first input interface. The control terminal of the second switch module is connected to both the first and second input interfaces, its first terminal is connected to the first input interface, and its second terminal is connected to the second input interface. The discharge switch module is connected to the third terminal of the first switch module, the third terminal of the second switch module, and the first output interface. The fourth terminals of both the first and second switch modules are also connected to the second output interface. Regardless of whether the first and second input interfaces are connected to the positive or negative terminal of the power supply unit, the load can discharge normally, improving safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of circuit technology, and in particular to a discharge circuit and a discharge device. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread use of portable electronic devices and energy storage devices, batteries are widely used as the core power supply unit. However, in actual use, due to similar battery interface shapes or improper user operation, incorrect wiring of the positive and negative terminals of the battery often occurs. When the positive and negative terminals of the battery are connected in reverse, the battery will be in an abnormal working state, which may cause a large amount of heat to be generated inside the battery, leading to electrolyte decomposition, electrode damage, or other adverse reactions. In severe cases, it may even cause safety accidents such as fire or explosion. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a discharge circuit and discharge device, which can improve the safety of the power supply unit.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a discharge circuit, including: The first and second input interfaces are used to connect the power supply unit. The first and second output interfaces are used to connect the load. The first switch module has its control end connected to the first input interface and the second input interface, the first end connected to the second input interface and the second end connected to the first input interface; The second switch module has its control terminal connected to the first input interface and the second input interface, with the first terminal connected to the first input interface and the second terminal connected to the second input interface. The discharge switch module is connected to the third terminal of the first switch module, the third terminal of the second switch module, and the first output interface. The fourth terminal of the first switch module and the fourth terminal of the second switch module are also connected to the second output interface. When the first input interface and the second input interface are connected to the negative and positive terminals of the power supply unit respectively, the power supply unit controls the first switch module and the discharge switch module to conduct, so as to conduct the discharge channels of the second input interface, the first terminal and the third terminal of the first switch module, the discharge switch module, the load, the fourth terminal and the second terminal of the first switch module, and the first input interface.

[0005] When the first input interface and the second input interface are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply unit respectively, the power supply unit controls the second switch module and the discharge switch module to conduct, so as to conduct the discharge channels of the first input interface, the first and third terminals of the second switch module, the discharge switch module, the load, the fourth and second terminals of the second switch module, and the second input interface.

[0006] In some embodiments, the first switch module includes a first switch unit and a second switch unit; In the first switching unit, the control terminal is connected to the first input interface, the first terminal is connected to the discharge switch module, and the second terminal is connected to the second input interface. The first switching unit is configured to conduct the first terminal and the second terminal of the first switching unit when the control terminal of the first switching unit is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply unit, so as to establish the connection between the second input interface and the discharge switch module. In the second switching unit, the control terminal is connected to the second input interface, the first terminal is connected to the first input interface, and the second terminal is connected to the second output interface. The second switching unit is configured to conduct the first and second terminals of the second switching unit when the control terminal of the second switching unit is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit, so as to establish a connection between the first input interface and the second output interface of the load.

[0007] In some embodiments, the second switch module includes a third switch unit and a fourth switch unit; In the third switching unit, the control terminal is connected to the second input interface, the first terminal is connected to the discharge switch module, and the second terminal is connected to the first input interface. The third switching unit is configured to conduct the first and second terminals of the third switching unit when the control terminal of the third switching unit is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply unit, so as to establish the connection between the first input interface and the discharge switch module. In the fourth switching unit, the control terminal is connected to the first input interface, the first terminal is connected to the second input interface, and the second terminal is connected to the second output interface. The fourth switching unit is configured to conduct the first and second terminals of the fourth switching unit when the control terminal of the fourth switching unit is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit, so as to establish a connection between the second input interface and the second output interface of the load.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first switching unit includes a first resistor and a first transistor. The first end of the first resistor is connected to the first input interface, the second end of the first resistor is connected to the control terminal of the first transistor, the first end of the first transistor is connected to the discharge switch module, and the second end of the first transistor is connected to the second input interface. The second switching unit includes a second resistor and a second transistor. The first end of the second resistor is connected to the second input interface, the second end of the second resistor is connected to the control terminal of the second transistor, the first end of the second transistor is connected to the first input interface, and the second end of the second transistor is connected to the second output interface.

[0009] In some embodiments, the third switching unit includes a third resistor and a third transistor. The first end of the third resistor is connected to the second input interface, the second end of the third resistor is connected to the control terminal of the third transistor, the first end of the third transistor is connected to the discharge switch module, and the second end of the third transistor is connected to the first input interface. The fourth switching unit includes a fourth resistor and a fourth transistor. The first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first input interface, the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the control terminal of the fourth transistor, the first end of the fourth transistor is connected to the second input interface, and the second end of the fourth transistor is connected to the second output interface.

[0010] In some embodiments, the discharge circuit further includes an overcurrent control unit, the first terminal of which is connected to the third terminal of the first switch module and the third terminal of the second switch module, the second terminal of which is connected to the first terminal of the discharge switch module, the third terminal of which is connected to the control terminal of the discharge switch module, and the second terminal of the discharge switch module is connected to the first output interface. The overcurrent control unit is configured to output a first-level signal to the discharge switch module when the discharge current of the discharge circuit is greater than or equal to a preset current; The discharge switch module is configured to turn on when the positive terminal of the power supply unit is connected to the control terminal to establish a connection between the positive terminal of the power supply unit and the first output interface, and to turn off when the control terminal receives a first level signal to disconnect the connection between the positive terminal of the power supply unit and the first output interface.

[0011] In some embodiments, the discharge switch module includes a fifth transistor, a fifth resistor, and a sixth resistor; The first terminal of the fifth transistor is connected to the first output interface, the second terminal of the fifth transistor is connected to the first terminal of the sixth resistor, the third terminal of the first switching module, and the third terminal of the second switching module, the control terminal of the fifth transistor is connected to the first terminal of the fifth resistor, and the second terminal of the fifth resistor is connected to the second terminal of the sixth resistor.

[0012] In some embodiments, the overcurrent control unit includes a sampling resistor, a sixth transistor, a seventh resistor, a first light-emitting diode, and a seventh transistor; The first end of the sampling resistor is connected to the second end of the fifth transistor and the control end of the sixth transistor. The second end of the sampling resistor is connected to the third end of the first switching module, the third end of the second switching module, and the second end of the sixth transistor. The first end of the sixth transistor is connected to the first end of the seventh resistor. The second end of the seventh resistor is connected to the anode of the first light-emitting diode. The cathode of the first light-emitting diode is connected to the control end of the seventh transistor. The first end of the seventh transistor is connected to the second ends of the fifth and sixth resistors. The third end of the seventh transistor is connected to the second output interface.

[0013] In some embodiments, the discharge circuit further includes an eighth resistor and a second light-emitting diode; The first end of the eighth resistor is connected to the first output interface and the second end of the discharge switch module. The second end of the eighth resistor is connected to the anode of the second light-emitting diode, and the cathode of the second light-emitting diode is connected to the second output interface.

[0014] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a discharge device, including a load and a discharge circuit of any one of the above.

[0015] Compared to existing technologies, in this embodiment, the first switch module and the second switch module, together with the discharge switch module, form two discharge channels. When the first input interface and the second input interface are connected to the negative and positive terminals of the power supply unit, respectively, the load can discharge through the discharge channel formed by the first switch module and the discharge switch module. When the first input interface and the second input interface are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply unit, respectively, the load can discharge through the discharge channel formed by the second switch module and the discharge switch module. This ensures that the load can discharge normally regardless of whether the first and second input interfaces are connected to the positive or negative terminal of the power supply unit, reducing the risk of failure and improving the safety of the power supply unit. Attached Figure Description

[0016] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the embodiments, and elements having the same reference numerals in the drawings are designated as similar elements.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the discharge device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge circuit in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3a and Figure 3b This is a schematic diagram of the discharge circuit conduction channel in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge circuit in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge circuit in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge circuit in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7a and Figure 7b This is a schematic diagram of the discharge circuit conduction channel in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and thoroughly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0019] It should be noted that when an element is described as "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or there can be one or more intermediate elements between them.

[0020] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0021] Figure 1 The diagram illustrates one structure of a discharge device 100, which includes a discharge circuit 10 and a load 20. The discharge circuit 10 is electrically connected to a power supply unit 200, obtaining electrical energy from the power supply unit 200 to power the load 20. The power supply unit 200 provides electrical energy and includes various types of batteries; in other embodiments, it may be a mains power supply device. The discharge device 100 includes various electrical devices that operate on electrical energy, and the load 20 refers to the portion of the discharge device 100 that consumes electrical energy.

[0022] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates a structure of a discharge circuit 10, including a first input interface A, a second input interface B, a first output interface C, a second output interface D, a first switch module 11, a second switch module 12, and a discharge switch module 13. The first input interface A and the second input interface B are used to connect to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply unit 200, respectively, while the first output interface C and the second output interface D are used to connect to the load 20.

[0023] The control terminals of the first switch module 11 are connected to the first input interface A and the second input interface B, respectively. The first end of the first switch module 11 is connected to the second input interface B, the second end is connected to the first input interface A, the third end is connected to the discharge switch module 13, and the fourth end is connected to the second output interface D. The control terminals of the second switch module 12 are connected to the first input interface A and the second input interface B, respectively. The first end of the second switch module 12 is connected to the first input interface A, the second end is connected to the second input interface B, the third end is connected to the discharge switch module 13, and the fourth end is connected to the second output interface D. The first end of the discharge switch module 13 is connected to the third end of the first switch module 11 and the third end of the second switch module 12, and the second end is connected to the first output interface C.

[0024] When the first input interface A and the second input interface B are connected to the negative and positive terminals of the power supply unit 200 respectively, the power supply unit 200 controls the first switch module 11 and the discharge switch module 13 to conduct, thereby opening the discharge channels of the second input interface B, the first and third terminals of the first switch module 11, the discharge switch module 13, the load 20, the fourth and second terminals of the first switch module 11, and the first input interface A. Please refer to... Figure 3a .

[0025] When the first input interface A and the second input interface B are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply unit 200 respectively, the power supply unit 200 controls the second switch module 12 and the discharge switch module 13 to conduct, thereby opening the discharge channels of the first input interface A, the first and third terminals of the second switch module 12, the discharge switch module 13, the load 20, the fourth and second terminals of the second switch module 12, and the second input interface B. Please refer to... Figure 3b .

[0026] In this embodiment, the first switch module 11 and the second switch module 12, together with the discharge switch module 13, form two discharge channels. When the first input interface A and the second input interface B are connected to the negative and positive terminals of the power supply unit, respectively, the load 20 can discharge through the discharge channel formed by the first switch module 11 and the discharge switch module 13. When the first input interface A and the second input interface B are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply unit, respectively, the load 20 can discharge through the discharge channel formed by the second switch module 12 and the discharge switch module 13. This ensures that the load 20 can discharge normally regardless of whether the first input interface A and the second input interface B are connected to the positive or negative terminal of the power supply unit 200, reducing the risk of failure and improving the safety of the power supply unit 200.

[0027] The first input interface A and the second input interface B can be plug-in type, threaded type, snap-on type, spring contact type, welded type or special structure type.

[0028] The first output interface C and the second output interface D can be plug-in type, threaded type, snap-on type, spring contact type, soldered type or special structure type. Alternatively, the first output interface C and the second output interface D can also be directly connected to the load 20 through wires.

[0029] Specifically, in some embodiments, the first switch module 11 has a first control terminal and a second control terminal. The first control terminal is connected to the first input interface A, and the second control terminal is connected to the second input interface B. The first switch module 11 is configured such that when the first control terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply unit 200 and the second control terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit 200, the first switch module 11 turns on its first and third terminals, and its second and fourth terminals respectively, so as to connect the second input interface B (positive terminal of the power supply unit) to the discharge switch module 13, and the first input interface A (negative terminal of the power supply unit) to the second output interface D connected to the load 20.

[0030] Figure 4 One structure of the first switch module 11 is shown, such as Figure 4As shown, the first switch module 11 includes a first switch unit 111 and a second switch unit 112. In the first switch unit 111, the control terminal is connected to the first input interface A, the first terminal is connected to the discharge switch module 13, and the second terminal is connected to the second input interface B. The first switch unit 111 is configured to conduct the first and second terminals of the first switch unit 111 when its control terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply unit, so as to establish the connection between the second input interface B and the discharge switch module 13.

[0031] In the second switching unit 112, the control terminal is connected to the second input interface B, the first terminal is connected to the first input interface A, and the second terminal is connected to the second output interface D. The second switching unit 112 is configured to conduct the first and second terminals of the second switching unit 112 when its control terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit 200, so as to establish a connection between the first input interface A and the second output interface D of the load 20.

[0032] In the first switch unit 111, its control terminal corresponds to the first control terminal of the first switch module 11, its first end corresponds to the third end of the first switch module 11, and its second end corresponds to the first end of the first switch module 11. In the second switch unit 112, its control terminal corresponds to the second control terminal of the first switch module 11, its first end corresponds to the second end of the first switch module 11, and its second end corresponds to the fourth end of the first switch module 11.

[0033] The second switch module 12 has a first control terminal and a second control terminal. The first control terminal is connected to the second input interface B, and the second control terminal is connected to the first input interface A. The second switch module 12 is configured such that when the first control terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply unit 200 and the second control terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit 200, the second switch module 12 turns on its first and third terminals, and its second and fourth terminals respectively, so as to connect the first input interface A (positive terminal of the power supply unit) to the discharge switch module 13, and the second input interface B (negative terminal of the power supply unit) to the second output interface D connected to the load 20.

[0034] Figure 4 One structure of the second switch module 12 is shown, such as Figure 4 As shown, the second switch module 12 includes a third switch unit 121 and a fourth switch unit 122. In the third switch unit 121, the control terminal is connected to the second input interface B, the first terminal is connected to the discharge switch module 13, and the second terminal is connected to the first input interface A. The third switch unit 121 is configured to conduct the first and second terminals of the third switch unit 121 when its control terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply unit 200, so as to establish the connection between the first input interface A and the discharge switch module 13.

[0035] In the fourth switching unit 122, the control terminal is connected to the first input interface A, the first terminal is connected to the second input interface B, and the second terminal is connected to the second output interface. The fourth switching unit 122 is configured to conduct the first and second terminals of the fourth switching unit when its control terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit 200, so as to establish a connection between the second input interface B and the second output interface D of the load 20.

[0036] In the third switch unit 121, its control terminal corresponds to the first control terminal of the second switch module 12, its first terminal corresponds to the third terminal of the second switch module 12, and its second terminal corresponds to the first terminal of the second switch module 12. In the fourth switch unit 122, its control terminal corresponds to the second control terminal of the second switch module 12, its first terminal corresponds to the second terminal of the second switch module 12, and its second terminal corresponds to the fourth terminal of the second switch module 12.

[0037] In some more specific embodiments, the first switching unit 111 includes a first resistor and a first transistor, and / or the second switching unit 112 includes a second resistor and a second transistor, and / or the third switching unit 121 includes a third resistor and a third transistor, and / or the fourth switching unit 122 includes a fourth resistor and a fourth transistor.

[0038] Figure 5 A more specific structure of the discharge circuit is shown, such as Figure 5 As shown, the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the first input interface A, and the second end is connected to the control terminal of the first transistor Q1. The first end of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the discharge switch module 13, and the second end is connected to the second input interface B. The first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the second input interface B, and the second end is connected to the control terminal of the second transistor Q2. The first end of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the first input interface A, and the second end is connected to the second output interface D.

[0039] The first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the second input interface B, and the second end is connected to the control terminal of the third transistor Q3. The first end of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the discharge switch module 13, and the second end is connected to the first input interface A. The first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the first input interface A, and the second end is connected to the control terminal of the fourth transistor Q4. The first end of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected to the second input interface B, and the second end is connected to the second output interface D.

[0040] The first transistor Q1, the second transistor Q2, the third transistor Q3, and the fourth transistor Q4 include bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), junction field-effect transistors (JFETs), metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), and insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs).

[0041] The first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 have opposite polarities, and the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4 have opposite polarities, for example, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the first transistor Q1 is a PNP transistor, the second transistor Q2 is an NPN transistor, the third transistor Q3 is a PNP transistor, and the fourth transistor Q4 is an NPN transistor. In this embodiment, the control terminal of the first transistor Q1, the second transistor Q2, the third transistor Q3, and the fourth transistor Q4 is the base, the first terminal is the collector, and the second terminal is the emitter.

[0042] The first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 are all bias resistors, which provide bias voltages to the first transistor Q1, the second transistor Q2, the third transistor Q3, and the fourth transistor Q4 to turn on each transistor.

[0043] When the discharge switch module 13 is configured to be connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit 200, it conducts its first and second terminals to establish a connection between the positive terminal of the power supply unit 200 and the first output interface C. In some embodiments, the discharge switch module 13 also has a control terminal, which is connected to the first terminal. The discharge switch module 13 can be configured to conduct its first and second terminals when the control terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit 200.

[0044] Figure 5 A structure of the discharge switch module 13 is shown, including a fifth transistor Q5, a fifth resistor R5, and a sixth resistor R6. The first terminal of the fifth transistor Q5 is connected to the first output interface C, the second terminal of the fifth transistor Q5 is connected to the first terminal of the sixth resistor R6, the third terminal of the first switch module 11, and the third terminal of the second switch module 12, the control terminal of the fifth transistor Q5 is connected to the first terminal of the fifth resistor R5, and the second terminal of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the second terminal of the sixth resistor R6.

[0045] The fifth type of transistor includes bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), junction field-effect transistors (JFETs), metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), and insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs).

[0046] The fifth transistor Q5 conducts based on a positive voltage, for example, as shown in... Figure 5 As shown, the fifth transistor Q5 is an N-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (NMOS). In this embodiment, the control terminal of the fifth transistor Q5 is the gate, the first terminal is the source, and the second terminal is the drain.

[0047] The functions of the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 are, on the one hand, to provide a turn-on voltage for the fifth transistor Q5 so that the fifth transistor Q5 can conduct, and on the other hand, to play a certain role in current limiting.

[0048] In other embodiments, the discharge circuit 10 further includes an overcurrent control unit 14, please refer to... Figure 6 The first end of the overcurrent control unit 14 is connected to the third end of the first switch module 11 and the third end of the second switch module 12. The second end of the overcurrent control unit 14 is connected to the first end of the discharge switch module 13. The third end of the overcurrent control unit 14 is connected to the control end of the discharge switch module 13. The second end of the discharge switch module 13 is connected to the first output interface C.

[0049] The overcurrent control unit 14 is configured to output a first-level signal to the discharge switch module 13 when the discharge current of the power supply unit 200 is greater than or equal to a preset current. Upon receiving the first-level signal, the discharge switch module 13 turns off to disconnect the connection between the positive terminal of the power supply unit 200 and the first output interface C. In some embodiments, the first-level signal is a low-level signal; the discharge switch module 13 turns on based on a high-level signal and turns off based on a low-level signal.

[0050] The preset current can be set in advance based on the component models, performance, and safety requirements of the discharge circuit.

[0051] Figure 5 An overcurrent control unit 14 is shown, including a sampling resistor Rm, a sixth transistor Q6, a seventh resistor R7, a first light-emitting diode LED1, and a seventh transistor Q7. The first terminal of the sampling resistor Rm is connected to the second terminal of the fifth transistor Q5 and the control terminal of the sixth transistor Q6. The second terminal of the sampling resistor Rm is connected to the third terminal of the first switching module 11, the third terminal of the second switching module 12, and the second terminal of the sixth transistor Q6. The first terminal of the sixth transistor Q6 is connected to the first terminal of the seventh resistor R7. The second terminal of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the anode of the first light-emitting diode LED1. The cathode of the first light-emitting diode LED1 is connected to the control terminal of the seventh transistor Q7. The first terminal of the seventh transistor Q7 is connected to the second terminals of the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6. The third terminal of the seventh transistor Q7 is grounded (second output interface D).

[0052] The sixth transistor Q6 and the seventh transistor Q7 include bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), junction field-effect transistors (JFETs), metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), and insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs).

[0053] For example, such as Figure 5 As shown, the sixth transistor Q6 is a PNP transistor and the seventh transistor Q7 is an NPN transistor. In this embodiment, the control terminal of the sixth transistor Q6 and the seventh transistor Q7 is the base, the first terminal is the collector, and the second terminal is the emitter.

[0054] The sampling resistor Rm is used to set the preset current. Different preset currents can be set by adjusting the resistance value of the sampling resistor Rm. For example, if the on-state voltage of the sixth transistor Q6 is Vh and the preset current is I1, then the resistance value of the sampling resistor Rm = Vh / I1. The seventh resistor R7 is the current-limiting resistor for the first light-emitting diode LED1. The first light-emitting diode LED1 is used to indicate overcurrent in the discharge circuit. When there is overcurrent in the discharge circuit, the first light-emitting diode LED1 lights up.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 5 When the discharge circuit 10 discharges, the current I flows through the sampling resistor Rm. The voltage between the base and emitter of the sixth transistor Q6 is the product of the discharge current I and the resistance of the sampling resistor Rm. As the discharge current continues to increase, the product increases until it reaches the conduction voltage of the sixth transistor Q6. The sixth transistor Q6 then conducts, establishing a connection between the positive terminal of the power supply unit 200 and the seventh resistor R7. The anode of the first light-emitting diode LED1 is at a high level, and LED1 conducts. The base of the seventh transistor Q7 is at a high level, and Q7 conducts. This establishes a connection between the fifth resistor and the negative terminal or ground of the power supply unit 200, thereby pulling the gate of the fifth transistor Q5 low. The fifth transistor Q5 is turned off, the first light-emitting diode LED1 is extinguished, and the discharge circuit is disconnected.

[0056] This embodiment of the application improves safety by setting an overcurrent control unit 14, which can automatically disconnect the load 20 and the power supply unit 200 when there is an overcurrent. Furthermore, an indicator light provides a warning, facilitating troubleshooting by maintenance personnel. In other embodiments, the overcurrent control unit 14 may not include the first light-emitting diode LED1.

[0057] In other embodiments, the discharge circuit further includes an eighth resistor R8 and a second light-emitting diode LED2. The first end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the first output interface C and the second end of the discharge switch module 13, the second end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the anode of the second light-emitting diode LED2, and the cathode of the second light-emitting diode LED2 is connected to the second output interface D.

[0058] In some more specific embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the first end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the load RL and the first end of the fifth transistor Q5, the second end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the anode of the second light-emitting diode LED2, and the cathode of the second light-emitting diode is grounded (second output interface D).

[0059] The second LED (LED2) serves as an indicator of normal discharge in the discharge circuit. When the discharge circuit is discharging normally, LED2 illuminates; when the discharge circuit is disconnected, LED2 turns off. The eighth resistor, R8, is a current-limiting resistor for LED2. The indication provided by LED2 allows for a more intuitive understanding of the circuit status.

[0060] The following example illustrates the operation of the discharge circuit. Please refer to the following specific embodiment. Figure 7a and Figure 7b The diagrams all use batteries as the power supply unit for illustration.

[0061] When the first input interface A is connected to the negative terminal of the battery and the second input interface B is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, the base of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery and conducts, and the base of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery and conducts. The discharge channel is: second input interface B - first transistor Q1 - sampling resistor Rm - fifth transistor Q5 - load RL - second transistor Q2 - first input interface A, and the load 20 discharges through this discharge channel.

[0062] When the first input interface A is connected to the positive terminal of the battery and the second input interface B is connected to the negative terminal of the battery, the base of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery and conducts, and the base of the fourth transistor Q4 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery and conducts. The discharge channel is: first input interface A - third transistor Q3 - sampling resistor Rm - fifth transistor Q5 - load RL - fourth transistor Q4 - second input interface B, and the load 20 discharges through this discharge channel.

[0063] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

[0064] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Within the framework of this application, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, and the steps can be implemented in any order. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A discharge circuit, characterized in that, include: The first and second input interfaces are used to connect the power supply unit. The first and second output interfaces are used to connect the load. The first switch module has its control terminal connected to the first input interface and the second input interface, its first terminal connected to the second input interface and its second terminal connected to the first input interface; The second switch module has a control terminal connected to the first input interface and the second input interface, a first terminal connected to the first input interface and a second terminal connected to the second input interface; A discharge switch module is connected to the third terminal of the first switch module, the third terminal of the second switch module, and the first output interface. The fourth terminals of the first switch module and the fourth terminals of the second switch module are also connected to the second output interface. When the first input interface and the second input interface are respectively connected to the negative and positive terminals of the power supply unit, the power supply unit is used to control the first switch module and the discharge switch module to conduct, so as to conduct the discharge channel of the second input interface, the first terminal and the third terminal of the first switch module, the discharge switch module, the load, the fourth terminal and the second terminal of the first switch module and the first input interface; When the first input interface and the second input interface are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply unit, the power supply unit is used to control the second switch module and the discharge switch module to conduct, so as to conduct the discharge channels of the first input interface, the first and third terminals of the second switch module, the discharge switch module, the load, the fourth and second terminals of the second switch module, and the second input interface.

2. The discharge circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first switch module includes a first switch unit and a second switch unit; In the first switching unit, the control terminal is connected to the first input interface, the first terminal is connected to the discharge switch module, and the second terminal is connected to the second input interface. The first switching unit is configured to conduct the first terminal and the second terminal of the first switching unit when the control terminal of the first switching unit is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply unit, so as to establish the connection between the second input interface and the discharge switch module. In the second switching unit, the control terminal is connected to the second input interface, the first terminal is connected to the first input interface, and the second terminal is connected to the second output interface. The second switching unit is configured to conduct the first and second terminals of the second switching unit when the control terminal of the second switching unit is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit, so as to establish a connection between the first input interface and the second output interface of the load.

3. The discharge circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second switch module includes a third switch unit and a fourth switch unit; In the third switching unit, the control terminal is connected to the second input interface, the first terminal is connected to the discharge switch module, and the second terminal is connected to the first input interface. The third switching unit is configured to conduct the first and second terminals of the third switching unit when the control terminal of the third switching unit is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply unit, so as to establish the connection between the first input interface and the discharge switch module. In the fourth switching unit, the control terminal is connected to the first input interface, the first terminal is connected to the second input interface, and the second terminal is connected to the second output interface. The fourth switching unit is configured to conduct the first and second terminals of the fourth switching unit when the control terminal of the fourth switching unit is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit, so as to establish a connection between the second input interface and the second output interface of the load.

4. The discharge circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first switching unit includes a first resistor and a first transistor. The first end of the first resistor is connected to the first input interface, the second end of the first resistor is connected to the control terminal of the first transistor, the first end of the first transistor is connected to the discharge switch module, and the second end of the first transistor is connected to the second input interface. The second switching unit includes a second resistor and a second transistor. The first end of the second resistor is connected to the second input interface, the second end of the second resistor is connected to the control terminal of the second transistor, the first end of the second transistor is connected to the first input interface, and the second end of the second transistor is connected to the second output interface.

5. The discharge circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The third switching unit includes a third resistor and a third transistor. The first end of the third resistor is connected to the second input interface, the second end of the third resistor is connected to the control terminal of the third transistor, the first end of the third transistor is connected to the discharge switch module, and the second end of the third transistor is connected to the first input interface. The fourth switching unit includes a fourth resistor and a fourth transistor. The first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first input interface, the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the control terminal of the fourth transistor, the first end of the fourth transistor is connected to the second input interface, and the second end of the fourth transistor is connected to the second output interface.

6. The discharge circuit according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The discharge circuit further includes an overcurrent control unit. The first terminal of the overcurrent control unit is connected to the third terminal of the first switch module and the third terminal of the second switch module. The second terminal of the overcurrent control unit is connected to the first terminal of the discharge switch module. The third terminal of the overcurrent control unit is connected to the control terminal of the discharge switch module. The second terminal of the discharge switch module is connected to the first output interface. The overcurrent control unit is configured to output a first level signal to the discharge switch module when the discharge current of the discharge circuit is greater than or equal to a preset current. The discharge switch module is configured to turn on when the positive terminal of the power supply unit is connected to the control terminal to establish a connection between the positive terminal of the power supply unit and the first output interface, and to turn off when the control terminal receives the first level signal to disconnect the connection between the positive terminal of the power supply unit and the first output interface.

7. The discharge circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The discharge switch module includes a fifth transistor, a fifth resistor, and a sixth resistor; The first terminal of the fifth transistor is connected to the first output interface, the second terminal of the fifth transistor is connected to the first terminal of the sixth resistor, the third terminal of the first switching module, and the third terminal of the second switching module, the control terminal of the fifth transistor is connected to the first terminal of the fifth resistor, and the second terminal of the fifth resistor is connected to the second terminal of the sixth resistor.

8. The discharge circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The overcurrent control unit includes a sampling resistor, a sixth transistor, a seventh resistor, a first light-emitting diode, and a seventh transistor; The first end of the sampling resistor is connected to the second end of the fifth transistor and the control end of the sixth transistor. The second end of the sampling resistor is connected to the third end of the first switching module, the third end of the second switching module, and the second end of the sixth transistor. The first end of the sixth transistor is connected to the first end of the seventh resistor. The second end of the seventh resistor is connected to the anode of the first light-emitting diode. The cathode of the first light-emitting diode is connected to the control end of the seventh transistor. The first end of the seventh transistor is connected to the second ends of the fifth resistor and the sixth resistor. The second end of the seventh transistor is connected to the second output interface.

9. The discharge circuit according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The discharge circuit also includes an eighth resistor and a second light-emitting diode. The first end of the eighth resistor is connected to the first output interface and the second end of the discharge switch module, the second end of the eighth resistor is connected to the anode of the second light-emitting diode, and the cathode of the second light-emitting diode is connected to the second output interface.

10. A discharge device, characterized in that, Includes a load and a discharge circuit as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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